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INDEX
NOTE: Bold page numbers refer to photographs
Act to Strengthen the Public Credit, 259–60
Adams, Charles Francis, 253, 290, 291, 298
Adams, Charles Francis Jr., 41, 253
Adams, Henry, 41, 253, 338
Adams, John, 6, 251
Adams, John Quincy, 8, 29, 35, 38, 45, 251, 290, 299
Akerman, Amos T., 278, 279, 282–83, 289
Alabama
blacks elected to Congress from, 305
constitution for, 206
definition of black in, 360
Fourteenth Amendment and, 169
Hayes tour of, 359
Johnson’s gubernatorial appointment in, 88
Johnson’s pardons in, 119
KKK in, 230, 280, 282, 283–85, 289, 365
Pinchback in, 174
segregation in, 360, 368
and Sumner-Johnson relations, 121
white supremacy in, 360
Alaska, 176–78, 209, 25
0
alcohol
Grant and, 241, 242, 243, 245
Hayes and, 355
Johnson and, 82–83, 84, 86, 118
American Freedmen’s Inquiry Commission, 79
Ames, Adelbert, 77
Ames, Oakes, 297–98, 299
Ames, Oliver, 297–98
amnesty, 87–89, 221, 307, 319–20. See also pardons
Anderson, Robert, 59, 60
Annapolis, Maryland: Butler’s seizure of, 70
Anthony, D. R., 215, 216
Anthony, Henry, 211, 212
Anthony, Susan B., 204, 211, 215
Anti-Masonic movement, 29, 32, 127
Antietam, Battle of, 21–22, 23, 328–29
Antoine, Caesar Carpentier, 302, 303, 308
Appomattox, Battle at, 154, 173
Appomattox, Lee’s surrender at, 1, 3, 28, 53, 247, 273
Appropriations Committee, House, 132
Arkansas, 25, 75, 88, 232, 368
Army Appropriations Bill, 173
Army of the Ohio, 23
Army of the Potomac, 23, 46, 105, 246–47. See also Union Army
Army, U.S., 340, 354, 367. See also military, U.S.
Arnold, Samuel, 50, 92, 95, 96, 98, 100–101
Arthur, Chester A., 346
Ashley, James, 169, 170
Associated Press, 294
Atlanta College, 277
Atzerodt, George, 2, 50, 92, 95–97, 98, 100
Avery, James W., 283
Babcock, Orville, 268, 270, 271, 272, 317
Baker, Lafayette, 90, 91, 176
Baltimore, Maryland
Butler’s invasion of, 70, 203, 328
riots and protests in, 43, 70
Bancroft, George, 131, 133–34
Bank of Gettysburg, 125
Bank of the United States, 31
banks, 31, 76, 259–68, 337. See also specific bank
Banks, Nathaniel, 76, 77–78, 112, 150
Barnett, Ross, 369
Barnum, Phineas Taylor “P.T.,” 291–92, 294
Beauregard, Pierre G. T., 60, 76
Beecher, Harriet, 105, 106, 195
Beecher, Henry Ward, 105–6, 289–90, 299
Beecher, Lyman, 195
Belknap, Carrie, 318
Belknap, William, 318
Bell, John, 81
Bell, William, 51, 92–93
Belmont, Battle of, 243
Benjamin, Judah, 61, 95
Bennett, James Gordon, 159
Bill (Grant’s servant), 156
Bingham, John A., 193, 206
Birmingham, Alabama, civil rights movement and, 369
The Birth of a Nation (movie), 235, 363, 364, 365
Black Codes, 108–9, 133, 147, 200–201
Black Friday (1869), 265–66, 267
Black, Tim, KKK murder of, 278
black vote
congressional approval of, 171
as essential to Reconstruction, 88
Fourteenth Amendment and, 145
Freedmen’s Bureau and, 275
Grant and, 3, 252
Hayes and, 330, 332
increase in, 366
intimidation and, 341, 348–49
Jim Crow laws and, 362–63
Johnson and, 82, 88, 118, 122, 139, 171–72, 182, 204, 232
Liberal Republicans and, 290
Lincoln and, 40, 77, 88
Radical Republicans and, 143
Reconstruction Act (1867) and, 275
Supreme Court decisions and, 357, 363
Union League and, 230
See also specific person, state or election
blacks
as casualties of Southern white violence, 111, 112
definition of, 360
federal government role in punishing violations of rights of, 338
Grant’s views about, 106, 108, 248, 252, 308, 319, 356
Hayes and, 331, 338, 354, 359
Johnson and, 133, 134, 171–72, 182
as KKK target of, 364, 366
in Liberia, 283
Lincoln and, 40
marriage of, 107, 256
military recruitment of freed, 22
as property owners, 79, 167
as protectors of Confederate women, 307
public whipping of, 170
as sharecroppers, 276
in Union Army, 25, 65, 67–68, 72–74, 78, 134, 143, 226–27, 276
as White House visitors, 251–52
Wormley Hotel meeting and, 351
See also Jim Crow laws; slavery; specific person or topic
Blaine, James G., 298–99, 338, 355
Blair, Augustus, 283–84
Blair, Francis P., 196
Blair, Francis P. Jr., 196, 233
Blair, Frank Jr., 233
Blair, Montgomery, 196
“bloody shirt campaign,” 341, 354
Blyew v. United States, 356
boot blackening story, 44
Booth, Edmund, 46
Booth, John Wilkes, 2–3, 48–50, 90–91, 92, 93, 96, 97, 98, 99, 176
Boston, Massachusetts
abolitionists in, 65
Fourth of July celebrations in, 6–7
Boutwell, George S., 254, 259–60, 261–62, 264, 265, 266, 267, 271, 298–99
Bradley, Joseph P., 350, 351, 357–58
Breckinridge, John, 53, 81, 95, 97
bribery
Belknap and, 318
Butterfield and, 263
Corbin and, 262
Crédit Mobilier scandal and, 297–98, 299
elections of 1876 and, 342, 349
Forrest and, 227
impeachment of Johnson, 210, 211, 216, 217–18
by Kimball, 281
in Louisiana, 301–2, 303
Pinchback and, 301–2, 303, 308
of southern legislators, 281
and Treasury Department, 316
See also corruption
Bristow, Benjamin, 279, 317
Brooks, James, 192, 299
Brooks, Preston S., 8–9, 10, 11–16, 17, 41, 179, 192, 202, 321
Brown, B. Gratz, 291
Brown Brothers, 266
Brown, James, 266
Brown, John, 16–17, 40, 130
Brown, Orlando, 108
Brownlow, William, 223
Bruce, Blanche Kelso, 355
Bryant, William Cullen, 290
Buchanan, James, 14, 17, 24, 38, 58, 59, 128, 164, 165, 242–43
Buena Vista, Battle of, 56
Bull Run, Battles of, 21, 60, 104, 154, 203, 312
Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands, U.S. See Freedmen’s Bureau
Butler, Andrew Pickens, 9, 10–11, 12, 15, 17
Butler, Benjamin Franklin “Beast Butler”
Alaska purchase and, 209
appearance of, 207–8
Banks as New Orleans replacement for, 112
and blacks in Union Army, 72–74
Brown (Orlando) and, 108
civil rights and, 323
and Civil War, 68, 70–74, 77, 203
criticisms of, 76
Davis and, 70, 72, 207
elections of 1860 and, 70
family/personal background of, 68, 69
and federal payroll inequities, 311
and Fugitive Slave Act, 71, 72–73
Grant and, 76–77
Hayes and, 332
impeachment of Johnson and, 207–8, 209, 210, 211, 215, 218, 279
as Jacksonian Democrat, 69
Johnson and, 87, 207
KKK and, 277–78, 279–80
and labor issues, 69–70
Lincoln and, 71, 76, 206–7
in Massachusetts House, 70
and Mumford incident, 72
as New Orleans commander, 71–73, 87
personality and character of, 70–71
photograph of, 69
Pinchback and, 68
political interests of, 69–70
professional background of, 6
8–69
Reconstruction and, 323
scandals/corruption and, 316, 332
Scott and, 70–71
Seward and, 76, 209
as Seward replacement at State Department, 206–7
slavery and, 69
states’ rights and, 70
Wade and, 203
Woman Order of, 71–72
Butler, Matthew C., 344
Butterfield, Daniel, 263, 264–65, 266, 268
Byrd, Harry, 368
Byrd, Robert, 371
Byrnes, James F., 367
cabinet
of Davis, 61, 95
of Grant, 249–50, 252–53, 278, 299, 324
of Johnson, 140
legislation about appointments to, 45
of Lincoln, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 84, 164–65, 167–68
salaries for members of, 311
Cadwallader, Sylvanus, 156–57
Calhoun, John C., 55
California, 37, 127
Cameron, Simon, 129, 164–65, 187, 203
campaign financing, 341–42
Canada, 269, 271, 272
capital punishment, Stevens as opponent of, 123
carpetbaggers, 147, 208, 233, 269, 275, 278, 279, 280, 281, 308, 359
Carter, David, 189, 190, 203
Carter, Maria, 284
Casey, James F., 302–3
Cass, Lewis, 11
cemeteries, 320, 324
Central Pacific Railroad, 286, 298
Chamberlain, Daniel H., 353–54, 355
Chancellorsville, Battle of, 110
Chandler, William, 347, 350
Chandler, Zachariah, 346, 347
Chaney, James, 371
Channing, William Henry, 292
Charlotte, North Carolina, as Confederate capital, 53, 61
Chase, Catherine Jane “Kate” (daughter), 178, 179, 197, 205, 217, 231, 315, 335
Chase, Salmon P.
Blair family and, 196
as Chief Justice, 47, 78, 196–97
Davis trial and, 180
death of, 315
early political career of, 195
elections of 1860 and, 195–96, 202, 203
elections of 1864 and, 46, 194
elections of 1868 and, 217, 231, 335
Emancipation Proclamation and, 21
and expansion of federal power, 356
and Free Soil Party, 7
Grant and, 251, 315
and Greeley’s funeral, 299
Hayes and, 328
health of, 315
impeachment of Johnson and, 194, 205–6, 209, 212, 213, 215, 216, 217
Johnson and, 231
Lincoln and, 43, 47, 78, 194, 196–97
and Lincoln’s cabinet, 45
as Ohio governor, 195
as Ohio senator, 195, 201
personal life of, 194, 195, 205
photograph of, 184
presidential ambitions of, 180, 194, 195–97, 202, 205, 206, 217, 218, 316
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