The Spy Who Loved: The Secrets and Lives of Christine Granville
Page 48
Manchester Guardian
Mankowska, Klementyna
Manning, Olivia
Maquis (resistance fighters)
Marcellini
Marks, Leo
Marsac, André
Marusarz, Helena
Marusarz, Janek
Marusarz, Stanisław
Marynka (Polish café), Brompton Road, London
Massingham, British base in Algiers
Masson, Madeleine
Matecki, Lt Colonel Józef
Mauthausen concentration camp, Austria
McCormick, Donald
MI5
Michailov, George
microfilm, smuggling of
Mikołajczyk, Stanisław
Military Cross, British
Ministry of Information, UK
‘Miracle at the Vistula’
Mitchell, Sir Philip
Młodzieszyn, Poland
Molotov, Vyacheslav
Monopoli, Italy
Montgomery, Field Marshal
Morocco
Moss (née Tarnowska), Zofia
Moss, Bill Stanley
Moss, Christine Isabelle Tarnowska
Muldowney, Dennis George
Muldowney, Jack
Musketeers (Polish underground resistance network)
Muszkowska, Izabela
Nairobi, Kenya
Nasta, Livia ‘Pussi’
National Council, Polish
New Australia
News Chronicle
Nicholas I, Tsar
Nicolle, Hanka
NKVD
North Africa see also under individual nation name
Nurowska, Maria
O’Malley, Kate
O’Malley, Patrick
O’Malley, Sir Owen
aides CG’s escape from Budapest into Yugoslavia
Andrzej Kowerski’s fling with daughter, reaction to
British Ambassador to the Polish Republic, becomes
Budapest, life in wartime
CG enlists help with petitioning SOE for new missions
CG, first meets
CG, love for
CG’s British passport and
CG’s post-war life and
Jerzy Gizycki and
Katyn Massacre and
Sikorski and
Warsaw Rising and
O’Regan, Patrick (Paddy)
Official Secrets Act
Ognisko (Polish Health Club), Exhibition Road
Okulicki, General Leopold
Oriental Legion 19th Army
Ossendowski, Anton
Ottoman Empire
‘Overlord’, Operation
Palestine
Panel to Protect the Memory of Christine Granville
‘Paquebot’ mission
Paris-Soir
Patch, General
Paul, Prince
Pawley, Margaret
Pawlikowska, Aniela
Pearl Harbour attack 1941
Perkins, Harold
Pester Lloyd
Peter II, King
Pheasantry, King’s Road, London
Philby, Kim
Picture Post
Piłsudski, Marshal Józef
Ploieşti oilfields, Romania
Poland
Britain, relations with during WWII
CG childhood in
CG in pre-war
CG in wartime
CG’s abortive attempts to cross into wartime
Commonwealth
Communist, post-war
effect of war upon
German invasion of 1939
German occupation of 1939–45
government-in-exile, WWII
Lublin administration
Soviet Union and
Warsaw Rising 1944
see also under individual area, city or town name
Polish Air Force Association, London
Polish Air Force Club, Earls Court, London
Polish aircrews, WWII
Polish Association of Former Soviet Political
Prisoners
Polish Cipher Bureau, Warsaw
Polish Foreign Office
Polish High Command
Polish Horse Artillery Division
Polish intelligence/resistance/underground
attitude towards CG within
CG provides British with intelligence on
Musketeers see Musketeers
Polish Intelligence Service (official intelligence)
Second Bureau see Second Bureau tensions between British intelligence and
ZWZ see ZWZ
Warsaw Rising and see Warsaw Rising
Polish News
Polish Red Army
Polish Red Cross
Polish Relief Society
Polish Republic
Polish Resettlement Corps
Polish 6th Bureau
Polish II Corps
Polish Underground Army, The
Polofsky, Olga
Poniatowski, Stanisław August
Popiel, Ludwig
Portal, Sir Charles
Porter, Ivor
Porter, Peter
Potsdam conference 1946
Przezdziecka, Countess
Przezdziecka, Teresa
Punishment, Operation
Purvis, Robert
Raczkowska, Zofia
Radziminski, Józef
RAF
Ramat David, Palestine
Ravensbrück concentration camp, Germany
Red Army
Red Cross
Reform Club, London
Renoir, Claude
Retinger, Józef
Rey, Jean
Rey, Sylviane
Riols, Noreen
Romania
Rommel, General
Roosevelt, Franklin D.
Roper, John
Ruahine
Rudziejewski, Stanisław
Russia
Allies, joins
Berlin, enters 1945
British relations with, WWII
CG gathers evidence of forthcoming German invasion of
CG’s death, possible involvement in
First World War
German invasion of Poland and 1939
German invasion of 1941
Germany, non-aggression pact with 1939–41
Katyn massacre (1940)
‘Miracle of the Vistula’
Poland, enters 1945
Poland, occupies 1945
Poland, peace treaty with 1921
Poland, Russian-occupied zone of, WWII
Poland, treatment of, WWII
Poland, war with 1919
Polish POWs, grants amnesty to, WWII
Skarbek family and
Stanlingrad, battle of 1943–4
Tehran conference 1943
Warsaw Rising 1944 and
White Russia
Yalta conference 1945
Saint-Jorioz, France
Saint-Julien-en-Vercors, France
Saint-Martin, France
Sansom, Odette
Schenck, Albert
Second Bureau (Polish intelligence)
Selbourne, Lord
Serbia
Service du Travail Obligatoire (STO)
Seyne-les-Alpes, France
Shaw Savill Line
Shelbourne Hotel, London
Sikorski, General
Sikorski, Zofia
Sillitoe, Sir Percy
Singer, Kurt
Skarbek family
Skarbek, Andrzej (brother)
Skarbek, Andrzej (cousin)
Skarbek, Count Fryderyck Florian (ancestor)
Skarbek, Countess Victoria (ancestor)
Skarbek, Irena (sister-in-law)
Skarbek, Jan (cousin)
Skarbek, Jerzy (father)
Skarbek, Krystyna see Granville, Christine
Skarbek (née Tyszjiewicz), Maryś (wife of cousin)
Skarbek, Shelagh (wife of cousin)
<
br /> Skarbek, Stanisław (cousin)
Skarbek (née Goldfeder), Stefania (mother)
Skarbek, Teresa Krystyna (niece)
Slessor, John
Slovakia
Smiley, David
Smolenski, Jósef
SNCF
Sofia, Bulgaria
Sokolow, Florian
Sokolow, Nahoum
Sorenson, Christian (‘Chasuble’)
Sosnkowski, General Kazimierz
South Africa
Soviet Union see Russia
Special Forces Club
Special Operations Executive (SOE)
Agent Training Manual
Andrzej Kowerski, recruits
attempts to find CG employment
Balkan Section
basic training programme
birth of
Cairo base/operation
Cammaerts and
CG passes intelligence on Polish to
Coding
danger posed to agents throughout Europe
disbanded
dispenses with CG’s services
distributed post-war funds to families and widows of those who aided wartime resistance
F (French) Section
fails to win the respect or support of RAF
France, wartime operations in see France
Gradowski, recruit
Gubbins promoted to head
Harrison and
Jerzy Gizycki and
Military Operations
Moss and
NKVD, passes CG’s information to
parachute training
pay CG
personal file, CG’s
Poland, operations in see Poland
Polish intelligence attitude towards CG and
Polish Section
post-war treatment of CG
reemploys CG
Sikorski and
tensions between Polish intelligence and
women in
Yugoslav Section
Yugoslavia coup and
see also British Secret Intelligence Service (SIS)
‘Spindle’ resistance/intelligence circuit
Sproule, Paddy
SS
Stalin, Joseph
Stalingrad, Battle of
Stawell, Major-General William ‘Billy’ Arthur Macdonald
Storrs, Peter
Straight, Whitney
Suez Canal
Sweet-Escott, Bickham
Sykes, Captain Eric
Syria
Tamplin, Colonel Guy
Tamplin, Nina
Tarnowska, Zofia see Moss, Zofia
Tarnowski, Andrzej
Tarnowski, Stas
Tatar, General
Tatra mountains
Tavernier, Gilbert
Taylor, George
Tehran Conference 1943
Telegraph Agency Express
Threlfall, Colonel Henry
Times, The
Tobruk, siege of 1941
Toplink, Operation 1944
Torch, Operation 1942
Tournissa, Captain Jean (‘Paquebot’)
Truszkowski, Richard
Trzepnica, Poland
Turkey
Ukraine
Ultra intelligence
Vansittart, Sir Robert
Vassieux-en-Vercors, France
Vercors plateau, France
battle of 1944
Vichy
Virtuti Militari (Polish military honour)
Voigt, Frederick
‘Volksdeutsche’ (ethnic Germans living in Poland)
‘WAAF (Women’s Auxiliary Air Force)
Waem, Max
Waffen SS
Wakely, Dorothy
Wallace, Majorie
War Office
Ward, John
Ward, Michael
Warsaw
CG birth in
CG childhood in
CG in pre-war
CG in wartime
CG marries first husband in
CG marries second husband in
clearance of ghetto
Communist government in
falls to Germans
First World War and
German repression in wartime
Jews, repression of in wartime
‘Miracle at the Vistula’ and
Polish resistance/underground in
Rising 1944
Soviet Army enters
war losses
Warsaw Press
Wehrmacht
West Africa see also under individual nation name
White Eagle Club (Klub Białego Orła), London
White Russians
Whitehorn, Katherine
Wiart, General Sir Adrian Carton de
Wilkinson, Peter
Winchester Castle (passenger liner)
Witherington, Pearl
Witkowski, Stefan
Yalta conference 1945
Yugoslavia
Z Organisation (British intelligence network)
Zakopane, Poland
Zbyszewski, Karol
Zelazowa Wola (CG family estate), Poland
Zelenski, Tadeusz ‘Boy’
Zeller, Colonel Henri
ZWZ (Polish underground resistance network)
ALSO BY CLARE MULLEY
The Woman Who Saved the Children
In Praise of The Spy Who Loved
“Compulsively readable … [Clare Mulley] has written a thrilling book, and paid overdue homage to a difficult woman who seized life with both hands.”
—The Sunday Telegraph (UK)
“Brings alive a glamorous, swashbuckling heroine”
—The Sunday Times (UK)
“Engrossing … Details the high-voltage life of one of Britain’s most remarkable female spies … Fascinating.”
—The Mail on Sunday (UK)
“[A] splendid book … Christine Granville remains as alive, well, and compelling as ever: a figure of radiant magnetism, ruthless determination, and a courage that—as several of them attested—could make a strong man shudder.”
—The Telegraph (UK) (5 stars out of 5)
“Drawing on an unprecedented range of sources, Clare Mulley’s The Spy Who Loved is a fine account of Christine Granville’s extraordinary war, told with skill and care.”
—Literary Review (UK)
“A fine and soberly thrilling addition to the literature of the undercover war … This book, massively researched and excitingly told, brings an extraordinary heroine back to life.”
—Daily Mail (UK)
“This is a meticulously researched but also highly readable account of [Granville’s] heroic but unfulfilled and deeply tragic life, without any attempt at gloss. It is one of the most exciting books I’ve read this year.”
—The Spectator (UK)
“Book of the Week.”
—The Week
“Mulley has a novelist’s eye for detail.… In this clear, highly satisfying biography, Mulley fleshes out her subject and brings her back to life.”
—The Jewish Chronicle
THE SPY WHO LOVED. Copyright © 2012 by Clare Mulley. All rights reserved. For information, address St. Martin’s Press, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010.
The picture acknowledgments here constitute an extension of this copyright page.
www.stmartins.com
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Mulley, Clare.
The spy who loved : the secrets and lives of Christine Granville / Clare Mulley.—1st U.S. edition.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-250-03032-0 (hardcover)
ISBN 978-1-250-03033-7 (e-book)
1. Skarbek, Krystyna, 1908–1952. 2. Women spies—Great Britain—Biography. 3. Spies—Great Britain—Biography. 4. World War, 1939–1945—Secret service—Great Britain. I. Title.
D810.S8G727 2013
940.54'8641092—dc23
[B]
2013010210
First published in Great Britain by Pan Books, an imprint of Pan Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Ltd
First U.S. Edition: June 2013
eISBN 9781250030337
First eBook edition: June 2013
* Bill Stanley Moss’s book Ill Met By Moonlight was published in 1950. The Pinewood Studio film based on it, starring Dirk Bogarde, was released in 1957. Odette, a biopic of Odette Sansom, had been released in 1950, and Carve Her Name with Pride, based on R. J. Minney’s book of the same title about Violette Szabo, came out in 1958.
†Zofia Tarnowska, Bill Stanley Moss’s wife and a good friend of Christine’s, told this story in 2001. As no direct pronouncements by Churchill on Christine are known, this seems to be the source of the much-disputed line that Christine was Churchill’s ‘favourite spy’. However, Kurt D. Singer, who claimed he knew Christine, also recorded that ‘Winston Churchill personally praised her and thanked her’. See his Spies and Traitors (1953), p. 201.
* Although she was ‘Krystyna’ until 1941, to prevent confusion I consistently use her adopted name, ‘Christine’, of which, she later wrote, she was so proud.
* Jerzy Skarbek referred to himself as Count, and was named as such in his press obituary and on his tombstone. Christine listed her parents as Count and Countess Skarbek on her British Certificate of Naturalisation, dated December 1946, and elsewhere. For Polish genealogy and titles see Tomasz Lenczewski, ‘The Marriage of Coats of Arms and Accounts’, Rzeczpospolita, 22 VII (2008).
* Jerzy Skarbek is listed as the landowner of the Wechadlow estate, in the Pinczo district, where Christine probably lived until she was three years old, when they moved to Trzepnica.
* The Warsaw address of the Goldfeder bank was ul. Zielna 45. It formed part of the ghetto border before it was destroyed during the war.
* The region around Jazłowiec fell under Soviet control with the outbreak of the Second World War. The town is now in the Ukraine.
* Address unknown. Between 1931 and 1932 they lived at 6 Chocimska Street, Warsaw, and later Stefania moved to 15 Rozbrat Street.
† An undated Skarbek genealogy among Maryś Skarbek’s family papers, probably produced by Jan Skarbek, and based on Jerzy Dunin-Borkowski’s Almanach Błękitny (Blue Almanac), mentions a second wife for Jerzy Skarbek, listed simply under her family name: Kresiolowska. Jerzy could not have married Kresiolowska legally, but may have been living with her as his wife in Switzerland.
* Miss Polonia 1930 was Zofia Batycka from Lwów, a young actress who went on to represent Poland at Miss Europe 1930, before trying to carve out a Hollywood career.
† Gustav’s witness was Andrew Szarski, later a famous war hero.
* There are unconfirmed rumours that Christine had an abortion in pre-war Warsaw, and stories of other abortions or miscarriages later. If true, this might be one explanation as to why she never had children, even when contraception was hard to come by.