Victoria: A Life
Page 64
14 Ibid., p. 327.
15 Your Dear Letter, p. 63.
16 Vincent, p. 264, dated 9 August 1866.
17 Your Dear Letter, p. 74.
18 Vincent, p. 338, dated 9 August 1866.
19 Your Dear Letter, p. 59.
20 BL Clarendon Papers, A.5.1.9. f. 261.
21 Pakula, and Your Dear Letter, p. 79.
22 Your Dear Letter, p. 68.
23 Ibid., p. 69.
24 Buckle, Second Series, Vol. I, p. 356.
25 Pakula, p. 243.
26 RA Add U/2, 1 February 1867, quoted Noel, p. 135.
27 DA LAL, 19 July 1866, quoted Noel, p. 135.
28 Vincent, p. 305.
29 Ibid., p. 326, dated 31 December 1867.
30 Your Dear Letter, p. 161.
31 John Morley, The Life of William Ewart Gladstone, Vol. I, p. 204.
32 Ibid., passim.
33 Your Dear Letter, p. 174.
34 Ibid., p. 175.
35 BL Gladstone Papers, 12 February 1869.
36 Blake, p. 504.
37 Your Dear Letter, p. 185.
38 Morley, Vol. II, p. 192.
16 ‘MEIN GUTER TREUER BROWN’
1 BL Gladstone Papers, 6 January 1869.
2 Mallinson, p. 290.
3 Dictionary of National Biography, Supplement 1901–1911, pp. 94–7, Ernest Marsh Lloyd, ‘George William Frederick Charles’.
4 Though some of these, such as the Duke of Cambridge wine bar in Oxford, have been replaced with portraits of the twenty-first-century William, Duke of Cambridge, a very different character.
5 Anthony Powell, Faces in My Time, p. 149.
6 Dictionary of National Biography, Supplement 1901–1911, p. 94, Ernest Marsh Lloyd, ‘George William Frederick Charles’.
7 RA/VIC/MAIN/E/57/9, 8 February 1867.
8 Ibid.
9 RA/VIC/MAIN/E/58/37, 2 March 1869.
10 BL Gladstone Papers, 31 January 1869.
11 Ibid.
12 BL Gladstone Papers, 12 June 1869.
13 BL Gladstone Papers, 9 June 1869.
14 Ibid.
15 BL Gladstone Papers, 11 June 1869.
16 Ibid., 6 July 1869.
17 BL Gladstone Papers, two separate letters, 16 September 1869, both written from Balmoral.
18 Ibid., 1 November 1860.
19 Coburger Hausarchiv, A. 1. 28b18. AW 27 Nv.1039.
20 Zeepvat, p. 66, quoting RA Add A30/336.
21 Hawkins, Vol. II, p. 350.
22 Vincent, p. 314. ‘Browns’ was slang for coppers, pennies and halfpennies.
23 BL Gladstone Papers, 9 June 1869.
24 Louisa, Countess of Antrim, Recollections, quoted Lamont-Brown, p. 107.
25 Coburger Hausarchiv, A1 28b18 AW 27 Nv1023.
26 Blunt Papers, Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, MS 9 4–6, 1909, quoted Lamont-Brown, pp. xiii–xiv.
27 Lamont-Brown, p. 121.
28 Saturday Review, April 1867.
29 Patrick Jackson (ed.), Loulou: Selected Extracts from the Journals of Lewis Harcourt, p. 82.
17 A PEOPLE DETACHED FROM THEIR SOVEREIGN
1 Quoted Michael Howard, The Franco-Prussian War, p. 48.
2 Kimberley, ‘Journal of Events during the Gladstone Ministry’, quoted K. Theodore Hoppen, The Mid-Victorian Generation, 1846–1886, pp. 602–3.
3 Your Dear Letter, p. 272.
4 Buckle, Second Series, Vol. II, p. 13.
5 Ibid.
6 BL Gladstone Papers, 10 February 1870.
7 Ibid., 8 May 1870.
8 William M. Kuhn, Henry and Mary Ponsonby: Life at the Court of Queen Victoria, p. 71.
9 BL Gladstone Papers, 12 September 1870.
10 Reid Papers. The account, given by the Empress to Sir James Reid orally in 1895, is printed in Michaela Reid, Ask Sir James: The Life of Sir James Reid, Personal Physician to Queen Victoria, pp. 267–70.
11 Dr Thomas Evans, Avec l’empereur et l’imperatrice. Memoires (Paris, Plon, 1910), quoted Pierre Milza, Napoléon III, p. 593.
12 Buckle, Second Series, Vol. II, p. 126.
13 Buckle, Second Series, Vol. II, p. 133.
14 See Corelli Barnett, Britain and Her Army, 1509–1970, p. 301.
15 Kuhn, p. 145.
16 BL Gladstone Papers, 30 August 1871.
17 Ibid., 9 June 1880.
18 Ibid., 10 February 1870.
19 Ibid., 27 April 1882.
20 Ponsonby Papers, RA/VIC/ADD/A/36.
21 William Kuhn: ‘Queen Victoria’s Civil List: What Did She Do With It?’, The Historical Journal (1993), pp. 645–5, Cambridge University Press; The Duchy of Lancaster Website; Harold Hyde Walker, History of Harrogate under the Improvement Commissioners, 1841–1884 (Harrogate, Manor Press, 1886), esp. p. 182.
22 BL Gladstone Papers, 27 August 1870.
23 Ibid., 7 October 1870.
24 Ibid., 17 August 1871.
25 Ibid., 15 August 1871.
26 Hansard, Third Series, Vol. CCVIII, pp. 654, 703 and 786.
27 Your Dear Letter, p. 287.
28 Ibid., p. 295.
29 Ibid., p. 296.
30 Ibid., p. 300.
31 Quoted Jane Ridley, p. 142.
32 Ibid.
33 Jane Ridley, pp. 146–7.
34 Noel, p. 172.
35 BL Gladstone Papers, 8 December 1871.
36 Ibid., 11 December 1871.
37 Ibid., 24 December 1871 (Ponsonby to Gladstone).
38 Ibid., 24 December 1871 (Gladstone to Ponsonby).
39 Fulford, Roger (ed.), Darling Child: Private Correspondence between Queen Victoria and the Crown Princess of Prussia, 1871–1878, p. 31.
40 Ibid.
41 BL Gladstone Papers, 2 May 1872.
42 Ibid., 5 August 1872.
43 Buckle, Second Series, Vol. II, pp. 190–1.
44 Journal, 29 February 1872.
45 Quoted Lamont-Brown, p. 168.
46 Darling Child, p. 38.
47 Buckle, Second Series, Vol. II, p. 215.
48 Ibid., p. 217–8.
49 Darling Child, p. 48.
50 BL Gladstone Papers, 3 October 1872.
18 ‘YOU HAVE IT, MADAM’
1 Corti, The English Empress, p. 189.
2 Jane Ridley, p. 167.
3 Vincent, p. 317.
4 Darling Child, p. 112–3 and passim. See also St Aubyn, Queen Victoria, p. 480.
5 Zeepvat, p. 122, quoting RA Z264/2; QV to Leopold, 19 October 1873.
6 Ibid., p. 116. The pun had been used before, more aptly, in Queen Victoria’s girlhood, of Bishop Fisher of Salisbury. If the Queen heard of Lewis Carroll’s joke, it will have awoken uncongenial memories: the Kingfisher’s niece was Lady Conroy.
7 Zeepvat, p. 126.
8 Darling Child, p. 86.
9 Jane Ridley, p. 136.
10 BL Additional MS 47,909, Princess Louise to Lady Battersea, 1900.
11 Darling Child, p. 124.
12 The reticular family connections, to the second and third generations, become ever closer from now onwards: the Tsarina was the aunt of Alice’s husband Louis of Hesse-Darmstadt; she was also the aunt of Prince Henry of Battenberg, who would become in time another of Queen Victoria’s sons-in-law.
13 Darling Child, p. 101.
14 Ibid., p. 103.
15 BL Gladstone Papers, 30 July 1873.
16 Darling Child, p. 120.
17 Ibid., p. 124.
18 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Vol. 53, pp. 651–7, Peter T. Marsh, ‘Archibald Campbell Tait’, quoting RA/VIC/Z173/12, 19 February 1884.
19 Tait Papers, Lambeth Palace, 11 Janu
ary 1874.
20 Ibid.
21 Ibid.
22 Buckle, Second Series, Vol. II, p. 290.
23 Stanley Weintraub, Victoria, Biography of a Queen, p. 379.
24 Blake, p. 507, quoting RA, D.6.12, 30 January 1875.
25 Alexander Heriot Mackonochie, A Memoir by E.A.T. (London, Kegan Paul, 1890), p. 58.
26 BL Gladstone Papers, 23 December 1873.
27 Ibid.
28 Ibid.
29 Ibid., 11 August 1869.
30 Chadwick, Vol. II, p. 322.
31 Ibid., p. 319.
32 R. C. K. Ensor, England, 1870–1914, p. 31.
33 John Vincent (ed.), Derby Diaries, 1869–78 (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1995), p. 221 (5 June 1875), quoted Jane Ridley, p. 172.
34 BL India Office, MSS Eur C 144/12/64, Salisbury to Northbrook, 22 July 1875, quoted Jane Ridley, p. 177.
35 The Times, 7 December 1875.
36 Buckle, Second Series, Vol. II, p. 432.
37 Darling Child, p. 204.
38 The Times, 17 July 1830.
39 Blake, p. 562.
40 Darling Child, p. 207.
41 Blake, p. 563.
42 Corti, The English Empress, p. 220.
43 Journal, 14 March 1876.
44 Carnarvon Papers, BL Additional MS 60926, anecdote told at Highclere, August 1886, by George Russell who heard it from the witness.
45 Blake, p. 584.
46 Buckle, Second Series, Vol. II, p. 417.
47 Tom Hughes, ‘Victorian Calendar’, posted on http://victoriancalendar.blogspot.co.uk/, 3 August 2011.
48 Ibid.
49 Corti, The English Empress, p. 223.
50 Tsarina Maria to her brother Prince Alexander of Hesse-Darmstadt, ibid., p. 221.
51 Ibid., p. 222.
52 Buckle, Second Series, Vol. II, p. 466.
53 Bismarck, Gedanken und Erinnerungen, quoted Corti, The English Empress, p. 226.
54 Blake, p. 593.
55 Ibid., p. 605.
56 Darling Child, p. 251.
57 Carnarvon Papers, BL Additional MS 60757, f. 57, 30 June 1878.
58 Buckle, Second Series, Vol. II, p. 542.
59 Corti, The English Empress, p. 237.
60 Ibid., p. 232.
61 Ibid., p. 234.
62 Paget Papers, BL Additional MS51205, ff. 91–2, 11 February 1878.
63 Corti, The English Empress, p. 242.
64 Ibid., p. 244.
65 This was the occasion when Bismarck remarked ‘Der alte Jude, das ist der Mann!’
66 Papers of the 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, Hatfield, 3 September 1879.
67 Corti, The English Empress, p. 246.
68 Blake, p. 649.
19 ‘PROSTRATE THOUGH DEVOTED’
1 Paget Papers, BL Additional MS 51205, 16 July 1878.
2 Ibid., 24 June 1878.
3 Ibid.
4 Reid, p. 208.
5 Noel, p. 237 ff.
6 Ibid.
7 Hansard, Third Series, Vol. CCCLVIII, p. 275, 17 December 1878.
8 Journal, 14 December 1878.
9 Journal, 24 May 1879.
10 Ibid.
11 Buckle, Second Series, Vol. III, p. 312.
12 Byron Farwell, Queen Victoria’s Little Wars, opening sentence.
13 Blake, pp. 670–1.
14 Coburger Hausarchiv, Nr 1223. Author’s translation.
15 Roger Fulford (ed.), Beloved Mama: Private Correspondence of Queen Victoria and the German Crown Princess, 1878–1885, p. 73.
16 Journal, 5 February 1880.
17 Beloved Mama, p. 72.
18 Ibid., p. 73.
19 Ibid., p. 75.
20 Hugh Seton-Watson, The Russian Empire, 1801–1917, p. 427.
21 Corti, The English Empress, p. 246.
22 Paget Papers, BL Additional MS 51205, f. 122.
23 Ibid., 3 December 1878.
24 Dilke Papers, BL Additional MS 43874, 17 February 1884.
25 Ibid., ff. 13–14, 8 June 1885.
26 Beloved Mama, p. 97.
27 Ibid., p. 98.
28 Ibid., p. 97.
29 The period of Disraeli’s second administration – 1874–80 – was perhaps unique in British popular literary history. Both the Prime Minister and the Viceroy of India (Bulwer Lytton, author of The Last Days of Pompeii etc.) were bestselling novelists, while, from August 1877, the First Lord of the Admiralty was the stationer and railway-kiosk bookseller W. H. Smith. Smith was satirized as ‘The ruler of the Queen’s Nav-ee’ in Gilbert and Sullivan’s HMS Pinafore.
30 Ripon Papers, BL Additional MS 43,510, 30 November 1880.
31 Blake, p. 745.
32 Ibid., p. 747.
33 Ibid., p. 748.
34 Ibid., p. 750.
35 BL Waterpark Papers, 19 April 1881.
20 ‘GRACIOUS CONFIDENCES SO FRANKLY GIVEN’
1 George Bell, Randall Davidson, Archbishop of Canterbury, Vol. I, p. 56.
2 A. C. Benson, Edward White Benson, Archbishop of Canterbury, Vol. I, p. 553.
3 Ponsonby Papers, RA/ADD/A/36.
4 BL Gladstone Papers, 22 May 1880.
5 Ibid., 16 April 1880.
6 Dilke Papers, BL Additional MS 43874.
7 BL Gladstone Papers, 3 January 1883.
8 Journal, 2–4 March 1882.
9 Beloved Mama, p. 116.
10 BL Gladstone Papers, 3 May 1882.
11 Dilke Papers, BL Additional MS 43874, June 1881.
12 BL Gladstone Papers, 18 June 1880.
13 Hansard, Third Series, Vol. CCLIV, 9 July–2 August 1880.
14 RA Add A30/581, 5 January 1881, quoted Zeepvat, p. 200.
15 BL Gladstone Papers, 26 March 1882.
16 Duff, Hessian Tapestry, pp. 87–8.
17 Ibid., p. 88.
18 BL Gladstone Papers, 19 March 1883.
19 All the above, and most of the information about Sir James Reid, from Reid, Ask Sir James, passim.
20 Reid’s diary, 21 March 1883.
21 James Lees-Milne, Ceaseless Turmoil, Diaries 1988–1992, p. 199.
22 Lamont-Brown, passim.
23 He was Chichester Fortescue, elevated to the peerage in 1874, the Irish Secretary in Gladstone’s First Cabinet. He was a valuable ally to Gladstone over the Irish Question, and a witty diarist.
24 Carlingford Papers, Somerset Country Record Office, Lord Carlingford’s journal, 30 May 1883.
25 Victor Mallet (ed.), Life with Queen Victoria, Marie Mallet’s Letters from Court, 1887–1901, 9 October 1895.
26 BL Gladstone Papers, 2 May 1883, Ponsonby to Gladstone.
27 Ibid., passim.
28 Bell, Vol. I, p. 57.
29 Ibid., p. 18.
30 Davidson Papers, Lambeth Palace, 27 January 1884.
31 Ibid., Queen Victoria’s letter to Davidson, Osborne, 28 June 1884.
32 Ibid.
33 This and subsequent quotations from Davidson’s correspondence are from Bell, Vol. I, p. 94.
34 Longford, p. 455.
35 Carnarvon Papers, BL Additional MS 60923. Journal, 10 December 1884.
36 Paget Papers, BL Additional MS 51205, f. 6.
37 Zeepvat, p. 226.
38 Ibid., pp. 227–8.
39 Dilke Papers, BL Additional MS 43,874, f. 137.
40 Zeepvat, p. 233.
41 Ibid., p. 237.
42 Knightley Papers, British Library 29 March 1884.
43 Dilke Papers, BL Additional MS 43874, 29 March 1884.
44 Ensor, p. 87.
45 Papers of the 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, Hatfield, 20 October 1884.
46 Ibi
d., 29 October 1884.
47 Journal, 24 November 1884.
48 Buckle, Second Series, Vol. III, p. 581, 27 November 1884.
21 ‘AN INFLAMMATORY ATMOSPHERE’
1 Journal, 28 March 1884.
2 Duff, Hessian Tapestry, p. 197.
3 Arthur Ponsonby, Henry Ponsonby, Queen Victoria’s Private Secretary, His Life from His Letters, p. 303.
4 Duff, Hessian Tapestry, information in the Family Tree at the end of the book.
5 Ibid., p. 197.
6 An example of which is kept in Sir James Reid’s scrapbook.
7 Dilke Papers, BL Additional MS 43874, f. 13, 30 December 1884.
8 Duff, Hessian Tapestry, p. 201.
9 Dilke Papers, BL Additional MS 43874, f. 13, 30 December 1884.
10 Longford, p. 479.
11 Beloved Mama, p. 180.
12 Tennyson, Poems, Vol. III., p.133.
13 Quoted ibid., p. 134.
14 Duff, Hessian Tapestry, p. 223.
15 Roger Owen, Lord Cromer: Victorian Imperialist, Edwardian Proconsul, p. 177.
16 Ibid., p. 194.
17 Beloved Mama, p. 159.
18 Quoted Owen, p. 200.
19 Ibid., p. 209.
20 Buckle Second Series, Vol. III, p. 597.
21 Ibid., p. 598.
22 Ibid., p. 617.
23 Journal, 11 March 1885.
24 BL Gladstone Papers, 10 April 1885.
25 Ibid., 31 May 1885.
26 Journal, 14 March 1885.
27 Buckle, Second Series, Vol. III, p. 633.
28 BL Gladstone Papers, 18 June 1885.
29 Roberts, p. 351.
30 Ibid., p. 339.
31 Ibid., p. 353.
32 Buckle, Second Series, Vol. III, p. 705.
33 Roberts, p. 350.
34 Journal, 2 December 1885.
35 The Times, 12 December 1885.
36 Morley, Vol. III, p. 220.
37 Agatha Ramm (ed.), Beloved and Darling Child: Last Letters between Queen Victoria and Her Eldest Daughter, p. 32, 7 April 1886.
38 Morley, Vol. III, p. 239.
39 Ibid., p. 243.
40 Roberts, p. 382.
41 Morley, Vol. III, p. 244.
42 Roberts, p. 383.
43 G. E. Buckle, The Letters of Queen Victoria, 1886–1901, Third Series, Vol. I, pp. 111–2.
44 Journal, 4 May 1886.
45 Buckle, Third Series, Vol. I, p. 117.
46 Beloved and Darling Child, p. 32.
47 Buckle, Third Series, Vol. I, p. 117.
48 Ibid., p. 132.
49 Ibid., p. 142.
50 Journal, 8 June 1886.
51 Journal, 10 June 1886.
52 Buckle, Third Series, Vol. I, p. 149.