Victoria: A Life
Page 72
dismissal of Palmerston, 154, 165–6
forms government, 126–7
and Great Exhibition, 156
and honour for General Bruce, 243
and Italian nationalism, 241
and Queen’s letters of complaint, 129
resignation, 167
returns to power, 239–40, 290–1, 300
and Schleswig-Holstein question, 281–3
and Trent affair, 252
visits Balmoral, 141–2
Russell, Elizabeth, 219
Russell, Lady John, 126, 166
Russell, Odo, 241
Russell, William Howard, 188, 224, 369
Russell, Lord Wriothesley, 191
Russia
coronation of Alexander II, 205–6
liberation of serfs, 206, 397
possible threat to India, 211
Zemlya i volya movement, 397
see also Triple Alliance
Russian navy, 508
Russo-Japanese War, 390
Russo-Turkish War, 381–2, 429, 449
Rutland, Duchess of, 513
Sadowa/Königgrätz, Battle of, 302
Sahl, Hermann, 438
Said Pasha, 374
St Alban’s, Holborn, 365
St Aubyn, Giles, 8, 553
St George’s, Wapping, 365
Saint-Laurent, Julie de, 23, 25–6, 31–2, 35
St Paul’s Cathedral, 171, 352, 551
St Peter’s Basilica, Rome, 116
Salisbury, Lady, 453, 563–4
Salisbury, Lord
and appointment of archbishop, 538–9
and appointment of Poet Laureate, 540
appoints Joseph Chamberlain, 523, 529
approach to foreign policy, 382
and Boer War, 561, 563–4
and Bulgarian atrocities, 379
and Bulgarian crisis, 449–50
and coinage, 479
and collapse of Rosebery government, 522–3
and constitutional monarchy, 499–500
and Daisy Brooke scandal, 494
and Duleep Singh’s rebellion, 461
and expulsion of Rafiuddin Ahmed, 546–7
and extension of franchise, 433–5
hostility to Disraeli, 310
and Jack the Ripper murders, 473–4
opposition to Irish Home Rule, 448, 450, 452–3, 455–6, 499, 522
political pragmatism, 381
and Prince Eddy’s marriage, 489
and Queen’s extravagance, 472–3
Queen’s friendship with, 85, 293, 513
and Queen’s Golden Jubilee, 458–9
and Queen’s title Empress of India, 371
and reconquest of the Sudan, 558–9
and Reform Act, 292, 367
returns to power, 456–7
and the Riviera, 545
and saying ‘Bob’s Your Uncle’, 538
and shah’s visit, 478
and Turkey’s war with Greece, 548–9
his view of Gladstone’s radicalism, 513
and Wilhelm II’s state visit, 477
Salonika, Muslim mobs in, 377
Salt, Titus, 160
Samarkand, fall of, 332
Sandringham, 340, 347, 418
Sandwich, Earl of, 70
Sarto, Andrea del, 200
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Alexandrine, Duchess of, 220, 265, 277–8, 516
and Queen’s friendship with John Brown, 320–1, 323
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Alfred, Duke of, see Alfred, Prince
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Charles Edward, Duke of, see Albany, Charles Edward, Duke of
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Ernst I, Duke of, 29, 59, 68, 92, 215, 250, 295
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Ernst II, Duke of, 67–8, 96, 145, 216, 220
his death, 516
fights for Prussians, 304
offered Greek throne, 273
and Prince Imperial’s death, 393
and Queen’s visit to Coburg, 277–9
and vision for Germany, 127–8, 266
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Johann Friedrich II, Duke of, 50
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Luise, Duchess of, 37, 92, 250
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Marie, Duchess of, see Maria Alexandrovna, Grand Duchess
Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Franz, Duke of, 20
Saxe-Hildburghausen, Sophie, 20
Schlegel, August Wilhelm, 115
Schleswig-Holstein, Ernst Gunther, Duke of, 496–7
Schleswig-Holstein, 130, 147–8, 239, 248, 265, 275, 277, 279–84, 303
Schloss Amorbach, 28, 30
Schloss Babelsberg, 227
Schloss Ehrenberg, 29, 277, 516–17
Schloss Friedrichshof, 569
Schloss Rosenau, 278–9, 295
Schneider, Mlle (Russian teacher), 517
Schrötter, Professor von, 465
Scotland, 119–20, 145–6, 260
Scott, Colonel Sir Francis, 533, 535
Scott, Sir George Gilbert, 261
Scott, Sir Walter, 48–9, 120, 197, 253, 295–8
Scout movement, 535
‘Scramble for Africa’, 507, 528
Scutari, 188
Sea of Marmara, 383
Seaman, Sir Owen, 540
Sebastiani, Count, 87
Sedan, French surrender at, 336
Selkirk bannocks, 296
Serbia, 376–9, 397
and Bulgarian crisis, 449–50
Sergei, Grand Duke, 270, 390, 436–7
Sevastopol, siege of, 181, 187–8, 194, 197, 203, 542
Sévigné, Madame de, 73
Seward, Mr (writing-master), 50
Seymour, Lieutenant Francis, 115
Shaftesbury, Lord, 102, 137, 288–9, 350
Shah of Persia, visit to Britain, 477–8
Shakespeare, William, 84, 118, 120, 563
Sheldonian Theatre, Oxford, 65
Shelley, Percy Bysshe, 411
Sherbrooke, Robert Lowe, Viscount, 372
Shield of Faith (Der Glaubenschild), 117
Shuvalov, Ambassador, 372, 378
Sibthorp, Colonel, 102, 150, 157, 159
Sicily, Garibaldi lands in, 241
Sidmouth, 39–40, 360
Siebold, Frau Charlotte, 33, 37
Sikh wars, 186, 192
Sino-Japanese War, 518
Sinope, 181
slavery, abolition of, 67, 252
Slidell, John, 251
smallpox vaccinations, 37
Smiles, Samuel, 115
Smith, Adam, 62
Smith, Rev., Vicar of Whippingham, 569
Smith, W. H., 452
smoking, evils of, 277
Snow, Dr John, 172, 177
Snowden, Philip, 512
Social Darwinism, 528
socialism, 38–41
Society of Arts, 155
Somerset, Algernon Seymour, Duke of, 35
Somerset, Lord Arthur, 489
Somerset, Lady Geraldine, 496
Sonderburg, bombardment of, 283
Sophia, Princess, 23, 52–3, 140, 143
Sophie of Greece, Crown Princess, 569
Sophie of Prussia, Princess, 9, 548–9
‘Souls, the’, 513
South Africa, 392–3, 440, 527–31, 560–6
Boer War, 561–6, 573
concentration camps, 566
establishment of Boer republic, 527–8
gold and diamond mines, 528–9, 560
Jameson Raid, 529–31, 535, 547, 560
Soyer, Alexis, 139
Spain, dynastic succession, 129–30, 135–6
Späth, Baroness, 33, 41, 54, 234
special constables, 139
Spencer, Earl, 352–4
Spenser, Edmund, 118, 543
Stanley, Arthur Penrhyn, Dean of Westminster, 270–1, 284, 360–2, 407
and Prince Imperial’s memorial, 414–15
Stanley, Lady Augusta, 361, 414, 555
Stanley, Lord, 284–5, 301, 305, 321
Starck (Russian prime minister), 437
Stead, W. T., 560
Stephen, Sir Leslie, 34
Sterne, Laurence, 33
Stewart, Dugald, 62–3
Stirling, Walter George, 320
Stockmar, Baron, 24, 40–1, 53–4, 58–60, 62
and breach with Conroy, 72, 80
his death, 276
political influence, 71–3, 81, 91–2, 95, 97, 101, 105–6, 108–9
Prince Albert/Stockmar vision for Germany, 147–8, 206–7, 241–2, 266–7, 272–3, 301, 304
and Princess Victoria’s marriage, 209, 229
and Queen’s burial, 555
and Queen’s marriage, 103–4
Stratford de Redcliffe, Viscount, 178, 180
Sudan, 374, 440, 442–7, 508, 557–9
Suez Canal, 374–5, 465
Sullivan, Sir Arthur, 454, 549
Sumner, John, Archbishop of Canterbury (‘the Crumpet’), 140, 151, 191, 203, 215, 224–5
Sussex, Duke of, 23, 26, 38, 42, 46, 91, 102
his death, 120–1, 483
Sutherland, Duchess of, 308
Sutherland (servant to Prince Leopold), 320
Swinburne, Algernon Charles, 505
Sydney (Australia), 309
Symonds, William, 124
Tait, Archibald Campbell, Archbishop of Canterbury, 361–2, 365, 407–8
Tait, Crauford, 408
Tait, Edith, 407
Tait, Lucy, 408
Taj Mahal, 462
Tashkent, fall of, 332
Tasmania, end of transportation to, 177
Tavistock, Lady, 93
Te Deum, 360, 464, 551
Teba, Count of, 175
Teck, Francis, Duke of, 303
Teck, Princess Mary of Cambridge, Duchess of, 303, 417, 503
telephones, 385, 550
Temple, Frederick, Archbishop of Canterbury, 537–9
Tennyson, Alfred, Lord, 146, 170–1, 189, 219, 426, 439, 454, 505
Terence, 230
Tewfik, Khedive, 441, 443
Thackeray, W. M., 16, 169
Theed, William, the Younger, 118
Thirty Years War, 28
Thurston, Mrs (nurse), 132, 229
Tillett, Ben, 499
Tilney Long, Miss, 23
Times, The, 138, 188, 198, 201, 283, 371, 451, 504
Queen’s dislike of, 9–10 239–40
Tischbein, Johann Henirich, the ‘Elder’, 20
Tolpuddle Martyrs, 82
Tolstoy, Leo, 518
Tom Brown’s Schooldays, 270–1
Torres Vedras, lines of, 186
Torrington, Lord, 249
Tosti, Paolo, 552
Tower of London, 36, 185, 460
trades unions, increase in membership, 507
Trafalgar, Battle of, 477
Trafalgar Square, demonstration in, 467, 499
transportation, of criminals, 63, 82, 177
Transvaal, 440, 511, 528, 559–61, 563
Treaty of Bloemfontein, 528
Treaty of San Stefano, 383–4, 449
Trent affair, 251–2
Trevelyan, G. O., 312, 314–15, 452
and royal finances, 339–41, 418
Triple Alliance, 359, 376
Trnova, siege of, 383
Trollope, Anthony, 193, 252, 292, 539
Truelove (bookseller), 198
Truth, 506
Tuck, Mrs (dresser), 479–80
Tudor dynasty, 14
Turkey
and Crimean War, 173, 176–81, 185–9
war with Greece, 547–9
see also Russo-Turkish War
Turner, J. M. W., 81, 342
Tyler, Dr John, 474
Uganda, 507, 558
‘Upper Ten, the’, 169
Urbach, Katrina, 127
urban population, expansion of, 332, 337
Valetta, Malta, 56
Van Dyck, Sir Anthony, 131, 200
Vane-Tempest, Lord Adolphus, 346
Vane-Tempest, Lady Susan, 346–7
venereal disease, outbreak at Sandhurst, 313
Vera Cruz, blockade of, 129
Vernon, Lord, 64
Victor, Prince of Leiningen, 375–6, 495
Victor Emmanuel, King of Italy, 203, 332, 386–7
Victoria (‘Vicky’), Princess Royal, and Empress of Germany
arrival in Prussia, 220–1
and Battenberg wedding, 436–7
her birth, 106–7
and birth of Wilhelm II, 230–1
childhood, 118, 120, 132, 134, 189
her death and burial, 569–70
and dullness of royal routine, 533
and European affairs, 266–7, 273, 275, 278–9, 283, 301–2, 345, 359
and her father’s death, 256
and Gladstone’s death, 510–11
and husband’s death, 465–6, 469, 471
ill health, 566–7, 569
images of, 118, 134
her intellect, 202, 206–7, 210, 217, 270
her marriage, 202–3, 206, 209–10, 215–16
her name, 120
opinion of Disraeli, 309
pregnancy and childbirth, 221, 226–7, 230–1
and Queen’s death, 569
and Queen’s relationship with John Brown, 324–5
receives Munshi, 524–5
relationship with Wilhelm II, 436, 466, 468, 496–7, 568
religious instruction, 132
and siblings’ marriages, 236–9, 271
and ‘stolen’ key, 475
and Turkish war with Greece, 548
visits Osborne for Queen’s birthday, 235
Victoria of Hesse-Darmstadt, Princess, 388, 390, 436–7, 517
Victoria of Prussia, Princess, 440
Victoria, Queen
ability to endure cold, 284–5
affection for Napoleon III, 173–4
and alcohol, 318, 324–5, 419
appetite for friendship, 402–3
and army command, 217–18, 337–9
artistic tastes, 115
assassination attempts, 109–10, 152–3, 221, 352–3, 398, 411–12
attachment to Munshi, 462, 464–6, 471–2, 486–7
attitudes to her children, 207–10, 226–7, 236, 238–9, 356–7, 425, 430
aversion to Prince of Wales, 131–2, 199, 238, 250, 356, 498, 574
beginning of her seclusion, 279
her birth, 6, 33, 35–6, 71
blamed for nepotism, 217–18
breach with Conroy, 66–8, 70–3, 79–80
and building of Kensington Museums, 276
capriciousness, 59
celebrations of her longevity, 541, 543
charm and humour, 96, 197, 334, 425
cherishes German ancestry, 15
childhood, 42–8, 64–5, 234, 236, 246, 355
christening, 36–7
coming of age, 71
coronation, 85–7
criticisms of her children, 12–13
daily routine as princess, 65–6
and dancing, 71, 106, 201
her death, 567–70
develops political sense, 169, 180, 197, 243, 311
Diamond Jubilee celebrations, 547–53
and Disraeli’s death, 402–3
dullness of royal routine, 531–3, 553
education, 49–50
embodiment of her times, 543–4
and English language, 50, 278, 280, 484
enjoys good health, 247
falls on stairs, 419
fascination with India, 224
fear of hereditary insanity, 208–9, 268–9
friendship with Disraeli, 85, 96, 293, 309, 311, 367, 373, 402–3, 500
friendship with Melbourne, 83–5, 87–90, 97–8, 108–9, 142–3, 285
friendships with servants, 51, 357
her funeral, 483–4, 570–3
and German politics, 264–6
goes unrecognized, 280–1
Golden Jubilee celebrations, 458–64, 467
her greed, 244, 418, 426, 471
and haemophilia, 30–2, 172
and High Church controversy, 362–6
idleness and avoidance of duties, 292–3, 316–20, 333, 335, 350, 427, 446, 458, 553
ignorance of politics, 88–90, 95
images of, 99–100
and immigrant insecurity, 16, 479
increasing obesity, 214, 357, 419, 478, 484
increasing popularity, 335, 367–8, 395, 412
jingoism, 530–1
and John Brown memoir, 426–9, 509
and John Brown’s death, 423–5
her marriage, 85, 96–7, 101–3
and missing brooch, 479–80
and her mother’s allowance, 72–3
and her mother’s death, 44, 235–6, 245–7
and motherhood, 171–4
musical tastes, 64
her name, 37, 44, 49
obsession with titles and medals, 500
personal finances, 16, 339–42, 416–18, 478
plans for her burial, 554–6
political education, 57–8, 63–4, 80, 85
her politics, 152, 173, 292–3, 334, 367, 381, 398, 432, 525
poor dress sense, 200, 214
pregnancies and childbirth, 106–7, 119–20, 152, 230
and Prince Albert’s death, 253–6, 259–60
and Prince Albert’s first visit, 67–8
and Prince Albert’s political influence, 104, 119, 218–19, 259
and Prince of Wales’s education, 225–6
and Princess Victoria’s marriage, 202–3, 226–7
prudishness, 175, 230
psychosomatic illnesses, 343–4
and public opinion, 62–3, 92–4, 243, 292–3, 373, 446
quarrels with Albert, 107–8, 110, 199–200, 209–10, 232–3
relationship with her mother, 43–5, 93, 109, 233–6, 299
relationship with John Brown, 85, 96, 286–7, 297–300, 320–6, 355, 407, 414, 421–4
relationship with Palmerston, 19, 193–4, 204, 288