Alice's Adventures in Wonderland Decoded

by David Day

  1.7. Michelspacher, Steffan, and Raphael Custos. Mittel: Coniunction. 1615. Engraved plates. In The Golden Game: Alchemical Engravings of the Seventeenth Century, by Stanislas Klossowski De Rola. London: Thames and Hudson, 1988.

  1.10. Jackson, A.E, and C.A. Federer. “The rabbit started violently and scurried away”, illustration from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. New York: Garden City Publishing, n.d.

  1.12. Garratt, Arthur. The Hall, illustration from Christ Church, Oxford: An Anthology in Prose & Verse, by Arthur Hassall. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1911.

  1.13. Tarrant, Margaret Winifred. Tiny Alice at Glass Table, illustration from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. London: Ward, Lock & Co., 1916. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.

  1.14. Gandy, Joseph. Temple of Ceres at Eleusis. 1818. Watercolour. Sir John Soane’s Museum, London. Courtesy of the Trustees of Sir John Soane’s Museum, London.

  1.15. Bowring, Josiah. First Degree Tracing Board. 1819. Oil on wood. The Library and Museum of Freemasonry, London. In Alchemy & Mysticism: The Hermetic Museum, by Alexander Roob. Los Angeles: Taschen, 1997.

  CHAPTER 2: THE POOL OF TEARS

  2.2. Nash, A.A. Nine Foot Alice, illustration from Alice in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. London: Juvenile Productions Ltd., 1945.

  2.3. Tarrant, Margaret Winifred. Alice Peering Through the Curtain Door, illustration from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. London: Ward, Lock & Co., 1916. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.

  2.4. Batey, Mavis. Brass Firedog, photograph from Alice’s Adventures in Oxford, by Mavis Batey. Andover: Pitkin Pictorials, 1980. Courtesy of Brasenose College, Oxford.

  2.6. de Champaigne, Philippe. Saint Augustine. c.1650. Oil on canvas. Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Los Angeles. Courtesy of the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Los Angeles.

  44. Soper, George. “The Mouse gave a sudden leap out of the water”, illustration from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. London: Headley, 1911. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.

  2.7. Moreelse, Johannes. Heraclitus. c.1630. Oil on oak. Centraal Museum, Utrecht. Courtesy of the Centraal Museum, Utrecht.

  2.8. Dürer, Albrecht. Melencolia I (Die Melancholie). 1514. Engraving. Städelsches Kunstinstitut und Städtische Galerie, Frankfurt. Courtesy of the Städelsches Kunstinstitut und Städtische Galerie, Frankfurt.

  2.9. Mary Prickett. c.1860s. Photograph. Courtesy of the BBC, Oxford.

  2.10. Rackham, Arthur. The Pool of Tears, illustration from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. London: William Heinemann, 1907.

  CHAPTER 3: A CAUCUS-RACE AND A LONG TALE

  3.2. Nash, A.A. Alice Emerging from the Pool, illustration from Alice in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. London: Juvenile Productions Ltd., 1945.

  3.3. Carroll, Lewis. Edith Mary Liddell. 1860. Albumen print. Emma Butterfield Collection, National Portrait Gallery, London. © National Portrait Gallery, London.

  3.4. Carroll, Lewis. Ina Liddell. 1858. Albumen print. Emma Butterfield Collection, National Portrait Gallery, London. © National Portrait Gallery, London.

  3.5. Pellegrini, Carlo. “A Court parson” (Reverend Canon Robinson Duckworth), illustration from Vanity Fair, January 2, 1886.

  3.6. Savery, Jan. Dodo. 1651. Painting. Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Oxford. Courtesy of the Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Oxford.

  3.7. Zeno of Citium. 1692. Engraving. In Galerie der alten Griechen und Römer, by Georg Wilhelm Zapf and Gottlieb Friedrich Riedel. Augsburg: Bürglen, 1801.

  3.8. Turner, William (Turner of Oxford). Nuneham Courtenay rustic bridge and cottage, near Abingdon. c.19th century. Watercolour and bodycolour on paper. © Chris Beetles Ltd, London and The Bridgeman Art Library.

  3.9. Rackham, Arthur. Dodo and Alice, illustration from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. London: William Heinemann, 1907.

  3.10. Doré, Gustave. Council of Mice, illustration from Les fables de la Fontaine, by Jean de La Fontaine. Paris: Éditions Hachette, 1867.

  3.11. Nash, A.A. Caucus-Race. c.1930s. Illustration. In Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland: A Classic Illustrated Edition, by Lewis Carroll, and compiled by Cooper Edens. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 2010.

  3.12. Carroll, Lewis. Thomas Jones Prout. 1857. Albumen print. Emma Butterfield Collection, National Portrait Gallery, London. © National Portrait Gallery, London.

  3.13. Carroll, Lewis. Mouse’s Tale, illustration from Alice’s Adventures Under Ground, by Lewis Carroll. London: Macmillan, 1886. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.

  3.14. Mouse’s Tale, text design from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. London: Macmillan, 1865.

  3.15. Carroll, Lewis. Arthur Penrhyn Stanley. c.1852–1860. Albumen print. Emma Butterfield Collection, National Portrait Gallery, London. © National Portrait Gallery, London.

  CHAPTER 4: THE RABBIT SENDS IN A LITTLE BILL

  4.2. Newell, Peter. “Why, Mary Ann, what are you doing here?”, illustration from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1901. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.

  4.3. Barth, Ferdinand. Der Zauberlehrling (The Sorcerer’s Apprentice), illustration from Goethe’s Werke, by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. Stuttgart: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 1882.

  4.4. Reeve, Michael. Oxford University Museum of Natural History. 2004. Photograph. Courtesy of Michael Reeve and the Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Oxford.

  4.5. Winter, Milo. Rabbit’s House with Lizard on Ladder, illustration from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. Chicago: Rand McNally & Company, 1916. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.

  4.6. Neve, Cornelius. Elias Ashmole Portrait as Royal Herald. 1664. Painting. Courtesy of the private collection of Sir William Dugdale, Blyth Hall, Warwickshire.

  4.7. Elias Ashmole’s Coat of Arms. 1925. Stained glass. Museum of the History of Science, Oxford. Photograph courtesy of Andrew Gray, 2007, and the Museum of the History of Science, Oxford.

  4.8. Hermes, or Mercury, illustration from Manual of Mythology, by Alexander S. Murray. Philadelphia: David McKay, 1895.

  4.9. Acland, Henry (attributed). James O’Shea at work on carvings for the Oxford Museum of Natural History. 1858. Photograph. Courtesy of the Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Oxford.

  4.11. Pellegrini, Carlo. Statesmen, No. 2 (W.E. Gladstone), illustration from Vanity Fair, February 6, 1869.

  4.10. Pellegrini, Carlo. Right Hon: B. Disraeli, illustration from Vanity Fair, January 30, 1869.

  4.12. Holiday, Henry. “The beaver brought paper, portfolio, pens”, illustration from The Hunting of the Snark, by Lewis Carroll. London: Macmillan, 1876. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.

  4.13. Tissot, James. Men of the Day, No. 33 (Charles Darwin), illustration from Vanity Fair, September 30, 1871.

  87. Walker, W.H. Rabbit Throwing Pebbles, illustration from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. London: John Lane, 1907. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.

  4.14. Pellegrini, Carlo. Men of the Day, No. 19 (Thomas Henry Huxley), illustration from Vanity Fair, January 28, 1871.

  CHAPTER 5: ADVICE FROM A CATERPILLAR

  5.2. Kay, Gertrude. “You!” said the Caterpillar contemptuously. “Who are you?”, illustration from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1923. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.

  5.3. Watson-Gordon, Sir John. Thomas De Quincey. c.1845. Oil on canvas. Emma Butterfield Collection, National Portrait Gallery, London. © National Portrait Gallery, London.

  5.4. Pythagoras. Copy of c.5th century BC original. Marble sculpture. Albani Collection, Musei Capitolini, Rome. Courtesy of the Musei Capitolini, Rome.


  5.5. Bronnikov, Fedor Andreevich. Pythagoreans’ Hymn to the Rising Sun. 1869. Oil on canvas. Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow. Courtesy of the Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow, Russia and The Bridgeman Art Library.

  5.6. Pellegrini, Carlo. “The science of Language” (Max Müller), illustration from Vanity Fair, February 26, 1875.

  5.7. Disdéri, André-Adolphe-Eugène (attributed). Sir Edward Bulwer-Lytton. Date unknown. Photograph. Wellcome Library, London. Courtesy of the Wellcome Library, London.

  5.8. Carroll, Lewis. Alice and the Caterpillar, illustration from Alice’s Adventures Under Ground, by Lewis Carroll. London: Macmillan, 1886. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.

  5.10. Carroll, Lewis. Benjamin Jowett. Date unknown. Photograph. Reprinted with the permission of AP Watt Limited on behalf of the Lewis Carroll Society of North America and the Executors of the C.L. Dodgson Estate.

  5.11. Soper, George. ‘ “Serpent!’ screamed the Pigeon”, illustration from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. London: Headley, 1911. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.

  5.12. Jupiter Dodoneus, illustration from Historia Deorum Fatidicorum, Vatum, Sibyllarum, Phoebadum, by Pierre Mussard. Geneva: Sumptibus Petri Chovet, 1675. Courtesy of the Mary Evans Picture Library, London.

  5.13. Serpent and Egg, illustration from A New System or Analysis of Ancient Mythology, by Jacob Bryant. London: T. Payne, 1774. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.

  5.14. Rossetti, Dante Gabriel. Mnemosyne. c.1875. Oil on canvas. Delaware Art Museum, Wilmington. Courtesy of the Delaware Art Museum, Wilmington.

  CHAPTER 6: PIG AND PEPPER

  6.2. Collier, John. Priestess of Delphi. 1891. Oil on canvas. Art Gallery of South Australia, Adelaide. Courtesy of the Art Gallery of South Australia, Adelaide; Gift of the Rt. Honourable, the Earl of Kintore, 1893.

  6.3. Nash, A.A. Duchess and Cook in the Kitchen, illustration from Alice in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. London: Juvenile Productions Ltd., 1945.

  6.4. Pugin, Augustus Charles, and F.C. Lewis. Kitchen at Christ Church, illustration from A History of the University of Oxford, by William Combe. London: R. Ackermann, 1814. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.

  6.5. Pellegrini, Carlo. Statesmen, No. 25 (Oxford Bishop Wilberforce), illustration from Vanity Fair, July 4, 1869.

  6.6. Ward, Sir L. Men of the Day, No. 57 (Sir Richard Owen), illustration from Vanity Fair, March 1, 1873.

  6.7. Sir Richard Owen. c.1861. Line engraving. Wellcome Library, London. Courtesy of the Wellcome Library, London.

  125 (top). Rackham, Arthur. The Baby Pig, illustration from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. London: William Heinemann, 1907.

  6.8. Sambourne, Linley. Water-Babies Cartoon, illustration from The Water-Babies, by Charles Kinsley. London: Macmillan, 1885. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.

  6.9. Waterhouse, John William. Consulting the Oracle. 1884. Oil on canvas. Tate, London. Provenance ©Tate, London, 2014.

  6.10. Matsys, Quentin. Paracelsus. c.17th century copy of the lost original by Matsys. Oil on wood. Louvre Museum, Paris. Courtesy of the Louvre, Paris. Museum

  6.11. Matsys, Quentin. An Old Woman. c.1513. Oil on oak. National Gallery, London. Courtesy of the National Gallery, London.

  6.12. Nash, A.A. Fish-Footman at Door, illustration from Alice in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. London: Juvenile Productions Ltd., 1945.

  6.14. Garratt, Arthur. Edward Bouverie Pusey, illustration from Christ Church, Oxford: An Anthology in Prose & Verse, by Arthur Hassall. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1911.

  6.13. Christ Church Coat of Arms. Reprinted with permission of the Dean and Chapter of Christ Church, Oxford.

  6.17. The Naxian Sphinx. c.560 BC. Marble sculpture. Delphi Archaeological Museum, Greece. Courtesy of the Delphi Archaeological Museum, Greece and the Hellenic Ministry of Culture.

  6.18. Rubens, Peter Paul, and P. Pontius. Socrates. 1638. Line engraving. Wellcome Library, London. Courtesy of the Wellcome Library, London.

  CHAPTER 7: A MAD TEA-PARTY

  7.2. Rackham, Arthur. Mad Tea Party, illustration from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. London: William Heinemann, 1907.

  7.4. Cundall & Downes. Charles Kingsley. Date unknown. Photograph. Wellcome Library, London. Courtesy of the Wellcome Library, London.

  7.5. Westall, William, and John Bluck. Quadrangle of Trinity College, illustration from A History of the University of Cambridge, by William Combe. London: R. Ackermann, 1815. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.

  7.6. Robinson, John Henry. Julius Charles Hare. 1852. Stipple engraving. Emma Butterfield Collection, National Portrait Gallery, London. © National Portrait Gallery, London.

  7.7. Kilburn, William Edward, and Samuel E. Poulton. (John) Frederick Denison Maurice. c.1860s. Albumen carte-de-visite. National Portrait Gallery, London. © National Portrait Gallery, London.

  7.8. Merian, Matthäus, and T. de Bry. Robert Fludd. 1645. Line engraving. Wellcome Library, London. Courtesy of the Wellcome Library, London.

  7.2. Michael Maier, illustration from Symbola avreae mensae dvodecim nationvm, by Michael Maier. Frankfurt: Typis Antonij Hummij, 1617.

  7.10. Houbraken, Jacobus. Francis Bacon, Viscount St Albans. c.18th century. Line engraving. Wellcome Library, London. Courtesy of the Wellcome Library, London.

  7.11. Vouët, Simon, and Michel Dorigny. Bacchus [Dionysus]. 1645. Intaglio print. Wellcome Library, London. Courtesy of the Wellcome Library, London.

  7.12. Rubens, Peter Paul, and Frans van den Wyngaerde. A bacchanalian scene with Pan sleeping and many drinking vessels left on a table. c.1650. Etching. Wellcome Library, London. Courtesy of the Wellcome Library, London.

  7.13. Faucci, Carlo, after Peter Paul Rubens. Bacchanalian Group. 1768. Print. Courtesy of Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, San Francisco; Achenbach Foundation for Graphic Arts.

  7.14. Old Father Time. Date unknown. Illustration.

  7.15. Siemiradzki, Henryk. Bacchanalia. 1890. Oil on canvas. Serpukhov Historical and Art Museum, Russia. Courtesy of SuperStock.

  7.17. Carroll, Lewis. Edith Mary Liddell; Ina Liddell; Alice Liddell. 1860. Wet collodion glass plate negative. National Portrait Gallery, London. © National Portrait Gallery, London.

  7.18. Burne-Jones, Edward. St. Frideswide Window. 1859. Stained glass. Latin Chapel, Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford. Courtesy of Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford.

  7.19. de Rooy, Lenny. Deanery Garden Door. c.2008. Photograph from Used with the photographer’s permission.

  7.20. van Gent, Justus. John Duns Scotus. c.15th century. Painting. Galleria Nazionale delle Marche, Urbino. Courtesy of the Galleria Nazionale delle Marche, Urbino, Italy.

  7.21. William of Occam. Date unknown. Stained glass. Church of All Saints, Ockham Parish, Guildford, Surrey. Photograph courtesy of Moscarlop, 2007.

  7.22. Board, Ernest. Roger Bacon in his Observatory at Merton College, Oxford. c.late 19th century. Oil on canvas. Wellcome Library, London. Courtesy of the Wellcome Library, London.

  7.23. Tarrant, Margaret Winifred. Alice and Hare with Mad Hatter’s Watch, illustration from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. London: Ward, Lock & Co., 1916. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.

  CHAPTER 8: THE QUEEN’S CROQUET-GROUND

  8.3. Carroll, Lewis. Sisters in Deanery Croquette Garden. c.1860. Photograph. Reprinted with the permission of AP Watt Limited on behalf of the Lewis Carroll Society of North America and the Executors of the C.L. Dodgson Estate.

  8.4. Maier, Michael, and Johann Theodor. Dem Mann ohne Füße bleibt der Philosophische Rosengarten verschlossen. 1618. Engraving. In Alchemy & Mysticism: The Hermetic Museum, by Alexander Roob. Los Angeles: Taschen, 1997.

  8.5. Michelspacher, Steffan, and Raphael Custos. Endt. Multiplication. 1615. Engraved plates. In Alchemy & Mysti
cism: The Hermetic Museum, by Alexander Roob. Los Angeles: Taschen, 1997.

  8.6. Knapp, J. Augustus. Drawing of Pythagoras, illustration from The Secret Teachings of All Ages, by Manly P. Hall. San Francisco: H.S. Crocker Company, 1928.

  8.7. Saenredam, Jan. Antrum Platonicum. 1604. Engraving. British Museum, London. Courtesy of the British Museum, London.

  8.8. Royal Visit of Tom Quad 1863 with Alice Liddell. 1863. Photograph. In Alice’s Adventures in Oxford, by Mavis Batey. Andover: Pitkin Pictorials, 1980. Courtesy of Brasenose College, Oxford.

  8.9. Carroll, Lewis (attributed). Dean Henry George Liddell. c.1870. Photograph.

  8.10. Bouguereau, Adolphe William. Orestes Pursued by the Furies. 1862. Oil on canvas. Chrysler Museum of Art, Virginia. Courtesy of the Chrysler Museum of Art, Virginia; Gift of Walter P. Chrysler, Jr.

  8.11. Carroll, Lewis. Dean Liddell’s wife, Lorina, mother of Alice. c.1860s. Photograph. In Karoline Leach, Shadow of the Dreamchild: A New Understanding of Lewis Carroll. London: Peter Owen, 1999.

  8.12. Christ Church Coat of Arms. Reprinted with permission of the Dean and Chapter of Christ Church, Oxford.

  8.13. Soper, George. Cheshire Cat, King and Executioner, illustration from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. London: Headley, 1911. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.

  CHAPTER 9: THE mock turtle’S STORY

  9.2. Kay, Gertrude. “Tut, tut, child!” said the Duchess, illustration from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. London: J.B. Lippincott, 1923. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.

  9.3. Rackham, Arthur. The Mock Turtle, Alice and Gryphon Seated, illustration from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. London: William Heinemann, 1907.

  9.4. Ward, Leslie. High Church (Henry Parry Liddon), illustration from Vanity Fair, September 16, 1876.

  9.5. Carroll, Lewis. Canon Liddon. 1867. Photograph. In The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll, by Stuart Dodgson Collingwood. New York: The Century Co., 1898.