Spies in Palestine

by James Srodes

  Hibbat Zion, 4

  Hogarth, D. G., 26, 27, 77, 86, 122, 123, 143, 184

  Holmes, Oliver Wendell, 50, 51

  homing pigeons, 136, 163–164

  Hoover, Herbert, 51

  Howeitat, 123, 153

  Hussein, Sharif, 77–78, 123, 126, 144, 158, 162, 181

  I

  Ibn Saud, 158, 162

  industrialization, 4, 5–7, 9, 18, 97

  Iraq, 124

  Israel, xiii–xiv, 23, 42, 96, 133, 145, 179

  Athlit, xvi, xvii, 24, 25, 28–29, 36, 39, 47, 53, 68, 85–86, 87, 93, 94, 96, 102, 106, 108, 116–117, 118, 119, 124, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 135–136, 147, 148, 151, 152, 156, 163, 167–168, 169, 170

  Haifa, xiv, xvii, xviii, xx, 9, 10, 13, 19, 29, 31, 42, 43, 55, 75, 83, 126, 129–130, 144, 149, 152, 164, 168, 171, 186

  Jaffa, xv, 42, 101, 144, 145, 151–152, 161, 165, 173, 176, 177

  Jerusalem, xiv, xviii, xxii, 5, 10, 70, 72, 111, 114, 124, 137–138, 140, 144, 154, 156, 157, 158, 176, 177, 179–180, 188

  Tel Aviv, xiii, xv, 101, 144, 145, 161, 165

  Italy, 35, 67

  J

  Jewish state, 52, 72, 81, 111, 115, 122, 127

  Jews

  Ashkenazi, 4, 5

  conscription, 67–68, 71

  diaspora, 3–5, 10, 12

  Eretz Israel, 2, 4, 10, 11, 23, 27, 73, 93, 102, 177, 186

  finance, 23–24, 27–28, 52, 69–70

  migration, 3, 9–11, 22–23, 33, 38–39

  philanthropy, 23–24

  pogroms, 3

  Sephardic, 5

  Yishuv, 5, 11, 13, 22–23, 38, 146, 148, 152, 153, 162, 165, 180, See also Zionists

  K

  Kaimakan of Haifa, xvii, xviii, xx, 171, 173

  Karmala (ship), 117

  Kerr, Philip, 50, 52, 112

  Kipling, Rudyard, 113

  Knights of the Garter, 6–7

  Kressenstein, Kress von, 66, 165

  Kutal Amara, 95, 113

  L

  Lansing, Robert, 50

  Lawrence, Thomas Edward (T. E.), 24–27, 28, 52, 77, 86, 122, 123, 126–127, 142, 142–144, 150, 153, 155, 158–159, 181, 182–186, 187, 187–190

  Seven Pillars of Wisdom, 183, 184, 187–188

  Lawrence of Arabia, See Lawrence, Thomas Edward (T. E.)

  Libya, 35, 36, 64, 67

  Lippmann, Walter, 50, 51, 52

  Lishansky, Josef, 90–91, 93, 102, 105, 107, 119, 125, 128, 131–133, 135, 136, 137, 138, 144, 146, 147–151, 153, 156, 160, 161–162, 167–168, 169–173, 176–177

  Lloyd George, David, 52, 95–96, 110–112, 124, 145, 153, 154, 158, 179, 180

  M

  Managem (ship), 89, 93, 94, 128, 131, 132, 135, 136, 146, 148, 150, 159, 162, 169

  Marxism, 23, 38

  Mehmed V, Sultan of Turkey, 35, 37

  Meinertzhagen, Richard, 143, 184

  Morgenthau, Henry, 27–28, 52, 69–70

  Mother of Iraq, See Bell, Gertrude Murray, Archibald, 76, 77, 79, 95–96, 112, 113–114, 115, 117, 122, 124, 128, 138, 140–142, 144, 148–149, 153

  Muslims, 3, 22, 33, 34, 41, 182

  N

  Neiman, Dr. Moshe, 106–107

  Newcombe, Stewart, 77, 78, 122, 143

  New Republic, 51

  New York City, 81–82, 106, 108, 132, 165

  New York Evening Post, 109

  New York Times, 21

  Nicholas I, Tsar of Russia, 6, 7

  Nicholas II, Tsar of Russia, 36, 64

  NILI, xix, xx, xxii, 88, 131, 138, 139–140, 144, 145–146, 147, 148, 150, 151, 152–153, 155, 156–157, 159–161, 162, 164, 165, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 173, 174, 176, 177, 180, 181, 185

  Nitzach Isreal lo Ishkari, See NILI

  Northcliffe, Lord, 82

  O

  Oliphant, Laurence, 8–10

  Orient Express, 7–8, 60

  Ormsby-Gore, William, 124, 128, 144, 148, 180

  Oskar II (ship), 99, 109

  Osman I, Sultan of Turkey, 32

  Ottomans / Ottoman Empire, See Turkey

  Oxford University, 25–26, 77, 122

  P

  Paget, Robert, 98

  Palestine, xvi, xx, xxii, 4, 8, 9–11, 17, 19–22, 21, 28, 32, 38, 48, 49, 51, 54, 61–62, 65, 73, 78, 87, 95, 102, 108, 112, 116, 117, 122, 127, 142, 146, 148, 159, 162, 167, 180

  Gaza, xxii, 15, 112, 114, 122, 131, 138, 144, 145, 148, 149, 150–151, 153, 155, 157, 158, 165

  Paris Peace Conference (1919), 180, 181

  Percy, Eustace, 50, 52, 112

  Poalei Zion, See Polish Jewish Socialist Workers Party

  Polish Jewish Socialist Workers Party, 52–54

  Princeton University, 28 Purim, 40

  R

  Rishon-le-Zion, 91, 106, 138, 161, 168

  Romanovs, 3

  Roosevelt, Franklin D., 50, 51, 69

  Roosevelt, Theodore, 24, 50, 51

  Rosh Hashanah, xiv

  Rothschild, Edmond de, xvi, 12–14, 15, 18, 20, 22, 24, 41, 52, 91

  Russia, 3, 4, 6, 7, 36, 60, 64, 67, 78, 79, 110

  S

  Schiff, Jacob, 27

  Schneersohn, Liova, 129–130, 131, 146, 147, 148, 150, 151, 153

  Schwartz, Reuven, 131

  Scotland Yard, 109–110

  Second Aliyah, 22, 23, 38, 52, 67, 146

  Second Battle of Gaza, 141

  Seven Pillars of Wisdom (Lawrence), 183, 184, 187–188

  Shaw, T. E., See Lawrence, Thomas Edward (T. E.)

  spies, xiv, xv–xix, 72, 73, 74, 75, 86, 87, 90, 92

  Gideonites, 54–55, 72, 73, 74, 75, 86, 87–88, 90, 92, 106, 129, 131, 146, 147, 156

  Ha-Shomer, 54, 74, 146, 147, 160–161, 162, 176, 180

  NILI, xix, xx, xxii, 88

  Straus, Oscar, 24, 27, 28

  Sublime Porte, 6, 7, 35, 36, 37

  Suez Canal, xiv, xv, xix, 32, 37, 64, 71, 72–73, 76, 77, 87, 95, 126, 140

  Sukkot, xiv–xv, xvii–xviii, 170

  Sweden, 97–98

  Sykes, Mark, 114–115, 145, 148

  Sykes-Picot agreement, 115, 165

  Syria, 145

  Syria-Palestine, xv, xxi, 2, 5, 13, 22, 26, 60, 63, 64, 66, 67, 69, 81, 95, 97, 113, 115, 123, 124, 135, 137, 144, 149, 163, 165 locust plague, 71–72

  T

  Taft, William Howard, 24

  Talaat, Mehmed (Talaat Pasha), 37, 69, 182

  Third Battle of Gaza, 162, 176–177

  Thomas, Lowell, 183

  Thompson, Basil, 110

  Tolstoy, Leo, 38

  torture, 170–173

  Turkey, xiii, xiv, xv, xvii, xviii, xix, xx–xxii, 2, 6–8, 22, 31–39, 54, 55, 60, 64–69, 71, 72–81, 82, 83, 87–89, 90, 91, 92–93, 95, 96–97, 101, 106, 107, 111, 112–113, 114, 115, 122, 124, 126, 127, 128, 138, 139–141, 144–146, 148, 149, 152, 156–158, 160, 161, 164, 165, 167, 168–169, 170–173, 176–177, 179, 180, 182

  Armenians, xxi, 8, 65, 73, 82, 83, 93, 161, 171, 173, 182

  Fourth Army, xv, xix, 65, 66, 67, 72, 73–74, 112, 113, 137, 139–141, 165, 180

  genocide, xx–xxi, 35, 82, 83, 171

  Muslim Caliphate, 33

  Sublime Porte, 6, 7, 35, 36, 37

  torture, xxi–xxii, 170–173, See also Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey)

  U

  United States, 47–52, 69, 81–82, 92, 98–99, 100, 146, 165

  University of California, Berkeley, 27

  US Department of Agriculture, 49, 100

  V

  Versailles Peace Conference (1919), 51–52

  Victoria, Queen of England, 6–7

  W

  Wallace, Lew, 9

  Ben Hur: A Tale of the Christ, 9

  Warburg, Otto, 27, 97

  Warburg, Paul, 27, 68

  Washington, DC, 49–52, 69

  Watchmen, See Ha-Shomer

  Weizmann, Chaim, 52, 82, 96, 111, 113, 116, 164–165, 166, 181

  Wilhelm II, Kaiser of Germany, 38, 64, 165

  Wilso
n, Woodrow, 28, 50, 52, 69–70, 81–82, 99, 111, 146, 180

  With the Turks in Palestine (Aaronsohn), 82

  Woolley, Leonard, 77, 86–87, 88, 89, 93, 94, 95, 102, 118, 122, 123, 128, 143, 184

  World Zionist Organization (WZO), 116, 164, 165, 166

  Y

  Yaffe, Hillel, 48, 74, 175

  Yishuv, 5, 11, 13, 22–23, 38, 146, 148, 152, 153, 162, 165, 180

  Yom Kippur, xiv

  Z

  Zichron Ya’akov, xiv–xix, xx, 12, 13–15, 19–20, 24, 26–27, 28–29, 36, 38, 40, 42, 43, 47–48, 49, 52–55, 56, 57, 60, 61, 69, 72, 82–83, 85, 88, 89–90, 91, 92, 94, 96, 101, 106–107, 127, 129, 138, 145, 146, 147, 160–163, 167, 169–173, 176, 180, 181, 186

  Zionist Mule Corps, 86

  Zionist Organization, 52–53

  Zionists, 4, 5, 8, 9, 11, 13, 23, 28, 39, 41, 42, 48, 49, 51, 52, 56, 58, 69, 70, 81, 82, 96, 111, 115, 116, 117, 122, 136, 142–143, 144, 146, 148, 153, 159, 164–165, 180, 181