Texas Rising
Page 33
27. Swisher, The Swisher Memoirs, 32.
10. FANNIN’S BATTLE AT COLETO CREEK
1. Jenkins, Papers, 5:51–53; Sowell, Texas Indian Fighters, 10; Sons of Dewitt Colony, Texas, http://www.tamu.edu/faculty/ccbn/dewitt/andrew3.htm, accessed November 1, 2014.
2. Hardin, Texian Iliad, 164.
3. Charles H. Ayers, “Lewis Ayers,” Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association 9 (April 1906).
4. Harbert Davenport and Craig H. Roell, “Goliad Campaign of 1836,” Handbook of Texas Online, http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/qdg02, accessed September 15, 2014. Uploaded on June 15, 2010.
5. Hardin, Texian Iliad, 166–67.
6. Foote, Texas and the Texans, II:245.
7. Hardin, Texian Iliad, 168–69; Shain to father, June 25, 1836, Kemp Papers.
8. Hardin, Texian Iliad, 171–72.
9. Kuykendall, “Recollections of the Campaign,” in Barker, “The San Jacinto Campaign,” 296; Jenkins, Papers, 5:77–78; Forbes v. Labadie, R. B. Blake compilation, II:35.
10. De la Peña, With Santa Anna in Texas, 66.
11. The New Handbook of Texas, 2:402; Tolbert, The Day of San Jacinto, 41–43.
12. Jenkins, Papers, 5:150.
13. Foote, Texas and the Texans, 269–70; Jenkins, Papers, 5:152.
14. Kuykendall, “Recollections of the Campaign,” in Barker, “The San Jacinto Campaign,” 297; Jenkins, Papers, 5:152.
15. Austin’s Old Three Hundred. The First Anglo Colony in Texas (Austin, Tex.: Eakin Press, 1999), 48–49.
16. Filisola, Memoirs, II:210–11.
17. William Physick Zuber, My Eighty Years in Texas (Austin, Tex.: University of Texas Press, 1971), 56–58.
18. Kuykendall, “Recollections,” in Eugene C. Barker, “The San Jacinto Campaign,” Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association 4, no. 4 (April 1901): 298.
19. Hunter, Narrative, 11; Benjamin Fort Smith biographical sketch, Kemp Papers.
20. Foote, Texas and the Texans, 273; N. D. Labadie, “San Jacinto Campaign,” 1859 Texas Almanac, 43; Robert J. Calder, “Recollections of the Texas Campaign of 1836,” 1861 Texas Almanac, 63.
11. “DAMNED ANXIOUS TO FIGHT”
1. Jenkins, Papers, 5:167.
2. Ibid., 5:168–70.
3. Baker to Houston in 1844, in Barker, “The San Jacinto Campaign,” 277; 1860 Texas Alamanac, 57–58.
4. De la Peña, With Santa Anna in Texas, 66, 80; Zuber, My Eighty Years in Texas, 61; C. Edwards Lester, The Life of Sam Houston (Biographical Center for Research, 2009), 102.
5. Barker, “The San Jacinto Campaign,” 245.
6. Daniel Shipman, Frontier Life: 58 Years in Texas (1879, repr., Pasadena, Tex.: The Abbotsford Publishing Co., 1965), 126–28.
7. 1860 Texas Almanac, 57; Swisher, The Swisher Memoirs, 33–34.
8. William T. Sadler PP, R 237, F 95; Daniel Parker Jr. PP, R 232, F 300; Zuber, My Eighty Years in Texas, 62–63.
9. Paul C. Boethel, Colonel Amasa Turner: The Gentleman from Lavaca and Other Captains at San Jacinto (Austin, Tex.: Van Boeckmann-Jones, 1963), 21–22; Ellis Benson biographical sketch, Kemp Papers.
10. John Forbes biographical sketch, Kemp Papers; Stephen L. Moore, Eighteen Minutes: The Battle of San Jacinto and the Texas Independence Campaign (Dallas: Republic of Texas Press, 2004), 120–24.
11. Calder, “Recollections of the Texas Campaign of 1836,” 63.
12. Harbert Davenport and Craig H. Roell, “Goliad Massacre,” Handbook of Texas Online, http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/qeg02, accessed September 17, 2014; Craig H. Roell, “Morgan, Abel,” Handbook of Texas Online, http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fmo47, accessed November 03, 2014. Uploaded on June 15, 2010.
13. Keith Guthrie, Raw Frontier: Armed Conflict Along the Texas Coastal Ben, Volume One (Austin, Tex.: Eakin Press, 1998), 81–82; Shain to father, June 25, 1836, Kemp Papers.
14. Guthrie, Raw Frontier, 78–83; John C. Duval, Early Times in Texas (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1986), 89–99.
15. Lester Hamilton, Goliad Survivor (San Antonio, Tex.: The Naylor Company, 1971), 3–9; Jenkins, Papers, 5:367–68.
16. Spohn account, published in a Pennsylvania newspaper on August 9, 1836, and reprinted in the New York Evening Star.
17. Kathryn Stoner O’Connor, Presidio La Bahía, 1721–1846 (Austin, Tex.: Eakin Press, 2001), 142–43; Hardin, Texian Iliad, 173–74.
18. Jenkins, Papers, 5:209.
19. Haley, Sam Houston, 130.
20. Baker letter to Houston of 1844, published in Barker, “The San Jacinto Campaign,” 279.
21. Hunter, Narrative, 13; James W. Pohl, The Battle of San Jacinto (Texas State Historical Association, 1989), 12.
22. Foote, Texas and the Texans, 283; Isaac Lafayette Hill biographical sketch, Kemp Papers; Baker 1844 letter, in Barker, “The San Jacinto Campaign,” 279; Yoakum, History of Texas, II:268.
23. Labadie, “San Jacinto Campaign,” 44–45.
24. Jenkins, Papers, 5:234–35.
25. Huston, Deaf Smith, 15.
26. Kuykendall, “Recollections,” in Barker, “The San Jacinto Campaign,” 301; Jenkins, Papers, 5:287.
27. Zuber, My Eighty Years in Texas, 67; Jenkins, Papers, 5:253–55, 286.
28. Jenkins, Papers, 5:286–87; Labadie, “San Jacinto Campaign,” 44; Donald Jackson, Voyages of the Steamboat Yellow Stone (New York: Ticknor & Fields, 1985), 124–27.
29. Gambrell, Anson Jones, 64.
30. Jenkins, Papers, 5:245; Thomas F. Corry biographical sketch, Kemp Papers; The Handbook of Texas, II:812–13.
31. Jenkins, Papers, 5:297–300.
32. DeBruhl, The Sword of San Jacinto, 197; Haley, Sam Houston, 135.
33. Swisher, The Swisher Memoirs, 36; Hunter, Narrative, 13; Calder, “Recollections of the Texas Campaign of 1836,” 64.
34. Jenkins, Papers, 5:321.
35. Filisola, Memoirs, II:205–10; De la Peña, With Santa Anna in Texas, 96; Pohl, The Battle of San Jacinto, 11.
36. Ann Fears Crawford (editor), The Eagle. The Autobiography of Santa Anna (Austin, Tex.: State House Press, 1988), 52.
12. THE FORK IN THE ROAD
1. Paul D. Lack, The Diary of William Fairfax Gray. From Virginia to Texas, 1835–1837 (Dallas: SMU, 1987), 144; 1860 Texas Almanac, 59; Pohl, The Battle of San Jacinto, 13.
2. Jenkins, Papers, 5:313, 320.
3. Erath, “Memoirs,” 255.
4. Swisher, The Swisher Memoirs, 35–36.
5. Sparks, “Recollections,” Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association 12 (July 1908): 66–67.
6. Jenkins, Papers, 5:343, 349.
7. Filisola, Memoirs, II:220; Isaac Lafayette Hill biographical sketch, Kemp Papers; Jenkins, Papers, 5:407.
8. Hill biographical sketch, Kemp Papers; Jenkins, Papers, 5:369; Filisola, Memoirs, II:221.
9. Jenkins, Papers, 5:360–61, 382.
10. Jenkins, Papers, 5:404; Filisola, Memoirs, II:221.
11. Jenkins, Papers, 5:415, 417; 1860 Texas Almanac, 60.
12. Jenkins, Papers, 5:428, 406–8; Haley, Sam Houston, 137.
13. Charles Shain account in June 30, 1836, Louisville Journal; Shain biographical sketch, Kemp Papers; Labadie, “San Jacinto Campaign,” 45.
14. Jenkins, Papers, 5:444–45.
15. Houston biographical sketch, Kemp Papers.
16. Gambrell, Anson Jones, 65.
17. Jack C. Ramsay, Jr., Thunder Beyond the Brazos: Mirabeau B. Lamar (Austin, Tex.: Eakin Press, 1985), 1–2; Pohl, The Battle of San Jacinto, 17; Tolbert, The Day of San Jacinto, 86.
18. Samuel E. Asbury (editor), “The Private Journal of Juan Nepomuceno Almonte,” Southwestern Historical Quarterly XLVIII, no. 1 (July 1944) 32; Hardin, Texian Iliad, 187.
19. Delgado, “Mexican Account of the Battle of San Jacinto,” 613.
20. Jenkins, Papers, 5:461–62.
21. De la Peña, With Santa Anna in Texas, 105–6
; Jackson, Voyages of the Steamboat Yellow Stone, 131–33.
22. Filisola, Memoirs, II:221–22.
23. Jenkins, Papers, 5:468–70.
24. Baker letter to Houston of 1844, in Barker, “The San Jacinto Campaign,” 281.
25. Jenkins, Papers, 5:474–75; Haley, Sam Houston, 138.
26. Houston biographical sketch, Kemp Papers.
27. [Coleman], Houston Displayed, 17.
28. Filisola, Memoirs, II:212.
29. Billingsley to Galveston News, September 19, 1857, in Billingsley bio-graphical sketch, Kemp Papers.
30. 1860 Texas Almanac, 61–62; Calder, “Recollections of the Texas Campaign,” 64.
31. Hunter, Narrative, 13–14.
32. James Washington Winters, “An Account of the Battle of San Jacinto,” Southwest Historical Quarterly 6 (October 1902): 140.
13. “DARING CHIVALRY”: THE FIRST DUEL
1. Tolbert, The Day of San Jacinto, 71–73.
2. Dr. George M. Patrick letter, printed in the August 25, 1841, issue of the Telegraph and Texas Register; Pohl, The Battle of San Jacinto, 26.
3. Delgado, “Mexican Account of the Battle of San Jacinto,” 614; De la Peña, With Santa Anna in Texas, 114.
4. Filisola, Memoirs, II:222.
5. Tolbert, The Day of San Jacinto, 73–75; Delgado, “Mexican Account of the Battle of San Jacinto,” 615.
6. “West, Emily D.,” Handbook of Texas Online, http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fwe41, accessed October 12, 2014.
7. Martha Anne Turner, The Yellow Rose of Texas. Her Saga and Her Song. With the Santa Anna Legend (Austin, Tex.: Shoal Creek Publishers, Inc., 1976), 9–10; Tolbert, The Day of San Jacinto, 76–78; Filisola, Memoirs, II:223.
8. Huston, Deaf Smith, 68–69.
9. Bryan to Sherman, July 2, 1859, in Sidney Sherman and Mirabeau Buonaparte Lamar, Jesse Billingsley, et al., “Defence of Gen. Sidney Sherman Against the Charges Made by Gen. Sam Houston, in his Speech Delivered in the United States Senate, February 28th, 1859,” (1859, repr., Houston, Tex.: Smallwood, Dealy & Baker, 1885) 29; Menchaca, “Memoirs,” II:2; Tolbert, The Day of San Jacinto, 94–96; William C. Swearingen biographical sketch, Kemp Papers.
10. Moore, Eighteen Minutes, 244–46.
11. Zuber, My Eighty Years in Texas, 85–86; Menchaca, “Memoirs,” II:3–4.
12. Haley, Sam Houston, 148; “Juan N. Seguin,” Tejano Association for Historical Preservation, Lorenzo de Zavala Chapter, “El Filosofo” newsletter, October 2002.
13. Winters, “An Account of the Battle of San Jacinto,” 141; Labadie, “San Jacinto Campaign,” 50; Erath, “Memoirs,” 265.
14. Alphonso Steele, Biography of Private Alphonso Steele (Deceased). Last Survivor of the Battle of San Jacinto (Privately published pamphlet, 1909), 4.
15. Hardin, Texian Iliad, 201.
16. Jenkins, Papers, 5:513; Labadie, “San Jacinto Campaign,” 51.
17. Delgado, “Mexican Account of the Battle of San Jacinto,” 615; Filisola, Memoirs, II:223; Castaneda, The Mexican Side of the Texas Revolution, 112–13.
18. Pohl, The Battle of San Jacinto, 21; Labadie, “San Jacinto Campaign,” 49; William C. Swearingen biographical sketch, Kemp Papers.
19. Erath, “Memoirs,” 257.
20. Labadie, “San Jacinto Campaign,” 49; Forbes v. Labadie, R. B. Blake compilation, II:14.
21. Labadie, “San Jacinto Campaign,” 49–50.
22. Pohl, The Battle of San Jacinto, 28.
23. Benjamin Cromwell Franklin, “The Battle of San Jacinto. By One Who Fought in It.” Little’s Living Age, September 7, 1844, 259–65. This article was written anonymously by Franklin in 1837 and reprinted in 1844. See Moore, Eighteen Minutes, 481, for more on Franklin being the author.
24. Frank W. Johnson, A History of Texas and Texans (Chicago: The American Historical Society, 1916), I:268–74; [Coleman], Houston Displayed, 21; Labadie, “San Jacinto Campaign,” 49–50; Steele, Biography of Private Alfonso Steele, 4.
25. Delgado, “Mexican Account of the Battle of San Jacinto,” 615; Tolbert, The Day of San Jacinto, 113.
26. Labadie, “San Jacinto Campaign,” 51; Bryan to Sherman, July 2, 1859, in Sherman, “Defence,” 30; Hardin, Texian Iliad, 202. Many accounts of San Jacinto incorrectly state that the Mexican cannon fired first on April 20, but the Golden Standard artillery piece had not yet even been advanced onto the field at this point.
27. Delgado, “Mexican Account of the Battle of San Jacinto,” 615.
28. Bryan to Sherman, July 6, 1859, in Sherman, “Defence,” 36; Menchaca, “Memoirs,” II:6; Labadie, “San Jacinto Campaign,” 51–52.
29. Thomas C. Utley biographical sketch, Kemp Papers.
30. Erath, “Memoirs,” 258.
31. Delgado, “Mexican Account of the Battle of San Jacinto,” 616.
32. Sherman, “Defence,” 4; Foote, Texas and the Texans, II:298.
33. Foote, Texas and the Texans, II:298–303.
34. Delgado, “Mexican Account of the Battle of San Jacinto,” 617.
35. Walter Paye Lane, The Adventures and Recollections of General Walter P. Lane (Austin, Tex.: Pemberton Press, 1970), 12.
36. Foote, Texas and the Texans, II:301–2.
37. Labadie, “San Jacinto Campaign,” 52–53.
38. Lane, The Adventures and Recollections of General Walter P. Lane, 12–16.
39. Hockley in Foote, Texas and the Texans, II:303.
40. Foote, Texas and the Texans, II:300–2; Calder, “Recollections,” 65; Billingsley to Galveston News, September 19, 1857, Billingsley biographical sketch, Kemp Papers.
41. Delgado, “Mexican Account of the Battle of San Jacinto,” 617; Houston’s Official Report to Burnet, April 25, 1836.
42. Heard to Sherman, June 15, 1859, in Sherman, “Defence,” 10.
43. Billingsley to Galveston News, September 19, 1857, Billingsley biographical sketch, Kemp Papers.
44. Erath, “Memoirs,” 259.
14. SLAUGHTER AT SAN JACINTO
1. Hardin, Texian Iliad, 206; Tolbert, The Day of San Jacinto, 124; James, The Raven, 206.
2. [Coleman], Houston Displayed, 24; Filisola, Memoirs, II:223–24.
3. Delgado, “Mexican Account of the Battle of San Jacinto,” 617.
4. Huston, Deaf Smith, 77.
5. Filisola, Memoirs, II:224; Maillard, The History of the Republic of Texas (1842), 107, Battle of San Jacinto Notebook, McArdle Papers.
6. James, The Raven, 190; Sam Houston biographical sketch, Kemp Papers; [Coleman], Houston Displayed, 25.
7. Labadie, “San Jacinto Campaign,” 53; Sam Houston biographical sketch, Kemp Papers; 1860 Texas Almanac, 65.
8. Sherman to Billingsley letter, 1859, Jesse Billingsley biographical sketch in Kemp Papers.
9. Samuel Houston biographical sketch, Kemp Papers; Forbes v. Labadie, R. B. Blake compilation, II:30; Y. P. Alsbury, “Burning of Vince’s Bridge,” 1861 Texas Almanac, 55–58; [Coleman], Houston Displayed, 25; Labadie, “San Jacinto Campaign,” 53.
10. Alsbury, “Burning of Vince’s Bridge,” 57.
11. Declarations of Corporal Juan Reyes and Private Toribio Reyes, 1836 depositions in Archivo General de Mexico, Center for American History, courtesy of Dr. Gregg Dimmick.
12. Erath, “Memoirs,” 260.
13. Calder, “Recollections of the Texas Campaign of 1836,” 65; Erath, “Memoirs,” 260; Tolbert, The Day of San Jacinto, 135.
14. Erath, “Memoirs,” 263. See Moore, Eighteen Minutes, 294–97, 435–58, for the numbers and rosters of the Texans.
15. Houston and Lamar biographical sketches, Kemp Papers; Lamar to Sherman, September 24, 1857, from Sherman, “Defence,” 3.
16. Shain letter of June 25, 1836, Kemp Papers.
17. Bob Tutt, “New Twists Discovered in Saga of ‘Yellow Rose of Texas,’ ” Port Arthur News, March 13, 1997, 4B; Tolbert, The Day of San Jacinto, 144. Stephen Hardigan, in his Texian Iliad, page 286, insists that there “is not a scintill
a of primary evidence to support the oft-repeated myth that Santa Anna was engaged in a tryst with mulatto slave girl Emily Morgan.”
18. James M. Hill to McArdle, October 20, 1895, Battle of San Jacinto Notebook, McArdle Notebooks.
19. “Recollections of S. F. Sparks, 70–71.”
20. Houston biographical sketch, Kemp Papers; Andrew Jackson Houston, Texas Independence (Houston: Anson Jones Press, 1938), 229; Tolbert, The Day of San Jacinto, 143.
21. Erath, “Memoirs,” 263–66.
22. John W. Hassell biographical sketch, Kemp Papers; Turner, The Yellow Rose of Texas, 25; Calder, “Recollections,” 66.
23. Filisola, Memoirs, II:227; Declarations of Corporal Juan Reyes and Private Toribio Reyes, courtesy of Dr. Gregg Dimmick.
24. Filisola, Memoirs, II:225; Foote, Texas and the Texans, II:309; Lane, The Adventures and Recollections of General Walter P. Lane, 14.
25. Foote, Texas and the Texans, II:310–11; Huston, Deaf Smith, 88.
26. Rodriquez, “Memoirs of Early Texas”; Foote, Texas and the Texans, 310.
27. Hassell and Lonis biographical sketches, Kemp Papers.
28. Stevenson letter of April 23, 1836, Kemp Papers; Shain letter, June 25, 1836, Kemp Papers.
29. Delgado, “Mexican Account of the Battle of San Jacinto,” 618; Filisola, Memoirs, II:225; Labadie, “San Jacinto Campaign,” 58.
30. Houston, Texas Independence, 229; Stevenson letter, April 23, 1836, Kemp Papers; Labadie, “San Jacinto Campaign,” 55; Babineck, Mark, “Houston’s 1853 Letter Proves Historians Wrong,” Houston Chronicle, April 21, 2002, 40A. William Huddle’s famous 1886 San Jacinto painting incorrectly shows Sam Houston with a bandaged right leg. Houston wrote to his wife in 1853 complaining about the left leg, which had been wounded at San Jacinto. Houston’s son later wrote that his father had been hit in the left ankle.
31. Calder, “Recollections of the Texas Campaign of 1836,” 69.
32. Lane, The Adventures and Recollections of General Walter P. Lane, 14–15; Deposition of Grenadier Bernardino Santa Cruz, translated by Dr. Gregg Dimmick; Denham letter, May 3, 1836, Kemp Papers; Winters, “An Account of the Battle of San Jacinto,” 142–43.
33. Tolbert, The Day of San Jacinto, 152–53.
34. Labadie, “The San Jacinto Campaign,” 54–55; Forbes v. Labadie, R. B. Blake compilation, II:2–3, 10–11, 95.