48. Asquith, Diaries, 20 May 1916, p. 167.
49. Wemyss, Family Record, p. 375.
50. Ridley and Percy (eds), Letters of Arthur Balfour and Lady Elcho, p. 339; Wemyss, Family Record, p. 373; Asquith, Diaries, 28 June 1916, p. 181.
51. Asquith, Diaries, 1 July 1916, p. 182.
52. Mary Elcho to Arthur Balfour, 3 July 1916 (Letters, p. 339).
53. Mary Elcho to Madeline Wyndham, July 1916, Stanway Papers.
54. Wemyss, Family Record, p. 373. In fact, as Cynthia’s diary shows, the news came on 1 July 1916.
55. Mary Elcho to Arthur Balfour, 3 July 1916 (Letters, p. 339).
56. Ibid.
57. Asquith, Diaries, 4 July 1916, p. 187.
58. The Times, 26 September 1916.
59. Mary Elcho to Ettie Desborough, 26 September 1916, Desborough Papers, HALS DE/Rv/C477/49; see also Wemyss, Family Record, p. 376, where Mary recounts those words, asking, ‘Could a finer epitaph be given by one soldier to another than these two words …?’
60. Mary Elcho to Arthur Balfour, January 1916 (Letters, pp. 334–5).
61. Quoted in Lambert, Unquiet Souls, p. 196.
62. Ibid., p. 198.
63. Cannadine, Decline and Fall, p. 76.
64. Glenconner, Edward Wyndham Tennant, p. 222.
65. Ibid.
66. Ibid., p. 210.
67. Ibid.
68. Ibid., p. 221.
69. Lambert, Unquiet Souls, p. 205.
70. Quoted in ibid., pp. 199–200.
71. Glenconner, Edward Wyndham Tennant, p. 166.
72. Ibid., p. 293.
73. Lambert, Unquiet Souls, p. 199.
74. Glenconner, Edward Wyndham Tennant, p. 229.
75. Ibid., p. 223.
76. Lambert, Unquiet Souls, p. 202.
77. Asquith, Diaries, 19 September 1916, p. 217.
78. Davenport-Hines, Ettie, p. 212.
79. Glenconner, Edward Wyndham Tennant, p. 234.
80. Ibid., p. 115.
81. Ibid., p. 234.
82. Ibid., p. 238.
83. Lambert, Unquiet Souls, p. 202.
84. Ibid., p. 199.
85. The Times, 27 September 1916.
86. Ibid.
Chapter 31: The Remainder
1. Cannadine, Decline and Fall, p. 83.
2. Quoted in ibid., p. 81; Lambert, Unquiet Souls, p. 221.
3. Asquith, Diaries, 11 November 1915, p. 97.
4. Cannadine, Decline and Fall, p. 80.
5. Mary Elcho to Wilfrid Scawen Blunt, 5 December 1915, Blunt Papers, FM 779-1975.
6. Davenport-Hines, Ettie, p. 209.
7. Mary Elcho to Arthur Balfour, 12 September 1916 (Letters, p. 341).
8. Quoted in Davenport-Hines, Ettie, p. 212.
9. Glenconner, The Earthen Vessel, p. 82.
10. Mary Elcho to Arthur Balfour, 21 January 1916 (Letters, pp. 342–3).
11. Ibid.
12. Ibid.
13. Mary Elcho to Ettie Desborough, 23 October 1931, Desborough Papers, HALS DE/Rv/C477/102.
14. Mary Elcho to Arthur Balfour, 21 January 1916 (Letters, pp. 342–3).
15. Mary Elcho to Ettie Desborough, 23 October 1931, Desborough Papers, HALS DE/Rv/C477/102.
16. Mary Elcho to Arthur Balfour, 21 January 1916 (Letters, pp. 342–3).
17. Mary Elcho to Ettie Desborough, 23 October 1931, Desborough Papers, HALS DE/Rv/C477/102.
18. Edward Grey to Edward Tennant, 22 January 1916, Glenconner Papers, NRS GD/510/1/60/4 f. 33r.
19. Edward Grey to Edward Tennant, 26 September 1916, Glenconner Papers, NRS GD/510/1/60/4 ff. 31, 32r.
20. Edward Grey to Edward Tennant, 27 April 1917, Glenconner Papers, NRS GD/510/1/60/2 f. 19r.
21. Blow, Broken Blood, p. 157.
22. Glenconner, The Earthen Vessel, p. 138.
23. Asquith, Diaries, 11 November 1915, p. 97.
24. Glenconner, The Earthen Vessel, p. 141.
25. Pamela Tennant to Mary Elcho, 23 January 1918, Stanway Papers; Glenconner, The Earthen Vessel, p. 79.
26. Hoare, Serious Pleasures, pp. 14–15.
27. Ibid., p. 129.
28. Pamela Tennant to Mary Elcho, 9 June 1916, Stanway Papers.
29. Glenconner, The Earthen Vessel, p. 79.
30. The Times, 8 January 1917. Pamela would appear as a witness for the defence in similar trials on subsequent occasions, such as the case of ‘The Medium in the Mask’ (The Times, 16 March 1920), and was one of those to attend the opening of Earthbound, an American motion picture dealing with spiritualism, at the Covent Garden Opera House, which was released early in the UK due to popular demand (The Times, 26 October 1920).
31. Barbara McKenzie, ‘James Hewat McKenzie: November 11th 1869–August 29th 1929’, Quarterly Transactions of the British College of Psychic Science 8:3 (October 1929): 159–68.
32. Quoted in Ellenberger, ‘The Souls: High Society and Politics’, p. 157.
33. Glenconner, The Earthen Vessel, p. 153.
34. Asquith, Diaries, 19 November 1916, p. 236.
35. Ibid., 16 December 1916, pp. 245–6.
36. Pamela Tennant to Mary Elcho, n.d., Stanway Papers.
37. Marie Stopes, Married Love (New York, The Critic and Guide Company, 1918), pp. 67–8.
38. Ibid.
39. Ibid., p. 68.
40. Marie Stopes to Pamela Tennant, 14 July 1918, BL Stopes Papers, vol. CCXXXVIII, Add. MS. 58684 f. 152.
41. Pamela Tennant to Marie Stopes, 14 July 1918, BL Stopes Papers, vol. CCXXXVIII, Add. MS. 58684 ff. 153–4.
42. Blow, Broken Blood, p. 150.
43. The Times, 9 March 1920.
44. Mary Elcho to Arthur Balfour, n.d. [spring 1917] (Letters, p. 344).
45. Mary Elcho to Madeline Wyndham, 22 September 1916, Stanway Papers.
46. Mary Elcho to Madeline Wyndham, July 1916, Stanway Papers.
47. Quoted in Lambert, Unquiet Souls, p. 222.
48. Ibid.
49. Quoted in Cannadine, Decline and Fall, p. 81; Lambert, Unquiet Souls, p. 221.
50. Davenport-Hines, Ettie, p. 229.
51. Quoted in Cannadine, Decline and Fall, p. 79.
52. Asquith, Diaries, 7 October 1918, p. 480.
Chapter 32: The Grey Dawn
1. Glenconner Papers, NRS GD 510/1/51 f. 24r.
2. Mary Elcho to Arthur Balfour, 10 October 1919, Whittingehame Papers, NRS GD433/2/229/1 ff. 3–6r.
3. Mary Elcho to Arthur Balfour, 23 September 1919, Whittingehame Papers, NRS GR433/2/229/1 f. 1r.
4. The Times, 28 November 1917.
5. Madeline Adeane to Mary Elcho, 18 January 1920, Stanway Papers.
6. Christopher Simon Sykes, Private Palaces: Life in the Great London Houses (Chatto & Windus, 1985), pp. 325–6.
7. Ibid., quoted at pp. 321, 322.
8. Edward Tennant to Margot Asquith, 6 August 1919, Bodleian, Asquith Papers, MS. Eng. c. 6697 ff. 152–3.
9. Earl Haig would also be buried there in 1928.
10. Mary Elcho to Arthur Balfour, 22 May 1920, Whittingehame Papers, NRS GD433/2/229/1 f. 7r.
11. Quoted in Ridley and Percy (eds), Letters of Arthur Balfour and Lady Elcho, p. 351.
12. Asquith, Diaries, 30 July 1918, p. 464.
13. Mary Elcho to Arthur Balfour, 22 May 1920, Whittingehame Papers, NRS GD433/2/229/1 f. 7r.
14. Ridley and Percy (eds), Letters of Arthur Balfour and Lady Elcho, p. 351; Beauman, Cynthia Asquith, p. 273.
15. Mary Elcho to Arthur Balfour, 13 May [1924], Whittingehame Papers, NRS GD433/2/229/3 f. 22r.
16. Quoted in Ridley and Percy (eds), Letters of Arthur Balfour and Lady Elcho, pp. 351–2.
17. Mary Elcho to Arthur Balfour, 22 May 1920, Whittingehame Papers, NRS GD433/2/229/1 f. 7r.
18. Ibid.
19. Mary Elcho to Arthur Balfour, 8 December 1921, Whittingehame Papers, NRS GD433/2/229/1 f. 29r.
20. Ibid.
21. Mary Elcho to Arthur Balfour, December 1921, Whi
ttingehame Papers, NRS GD433/2/229/1 f. 28r.
22. Quoted in Ridley and Percy (eds), Letters of Arthur Balfour and Lady Elcho, p. 349.
23. Mary Elcho to Arthur Balfour, 23 September 1919, Whittingehame Papers, NRS GR433/2/229/1 f. 1r.
24. Mary Elcho to Arthur Balfour, 14 January 1922, Whittingehame Papers, NRS GD433/2/229/2 f. 1r.
25. Mary Elcho to Arthur Balfour, n.d. [1923], Whittingehame Papers, NRS GD433/2/229/3 f. 17r.
26. Lambert, Unquiet Souls, p. 57.
27. Mary Elcho to Arthur Balfour, n.d. [1921/2], Whittingehame Papers, NRS GD433/2/229/2 f. 27r.
28. See Mary Strickland to Wilfrid Scawen Blunt, 13 May 1921, commenting that the ‘great question’ had been whether Bibs and Ivor were in love with one another, and that she, Mary Strickland, used to find Ivor ‘rather a cold fish … but I expect Bibs will transform him’. Blunt Papers, FM 190-1975.
29. Mary Elcho to Wilfrid Scawen Blunt, n.d. [1921], Blunt Papers, FM 193-1976.
30. Mary Elcho to Dorothy Carleton, 1 March 1920, Blunt Papers, FM 988-1975.
31. Quoted in Hoare, Serious Pleasures, p. 16.
32. Pamela Tennant to Mary Elcho, 17 March 1920, Stanway Papers. Stephen had gone with Pamela, and was impressed by the reading. One medium had told them ‘things unknown to us both, which we checked in England. She couldn’t have read our minds.’ Hoare, Serious Pleasures, p. 16.
33. Quoted in Hoare, Serious Pleasures, p. 16.
34. New York Times, 7 January 1920.
35. Quoted in Hoare, Serious Pleasures, p. 16.
36. Pamela Tennant to Margot Asquith, 13 January 1921, Bodleian, Asquith Papers, MS. Eng. c. 6676 f. 154.
37. Hoare, Serious Pleasures, pp. 17–18.
38. Pamela Tennant to Dorothy Carleton, 1 October 1921, Blunt Papers, FM 248-1976.
39. Mary Elcho to Ettie Desborough, 29 November 1920, Desborough Papers, HALS DE/Rv/C477.
40. Pamela Tennant to Margot Asquith, 17 January 1921, Bodleian, Asquith Papers, Add. MS. Eng. c. 6676 f. 155.
41. Pamela Tennant to Margot Asquith, 11 January 1921, Bodleian, Asquith Papers, Add. MS. Eng. c. 6676 f. 151.
42. Pamela Tennant to Margot Asquith, 17 January 1921, Bodleian, Asquith Papers, Add. MS. Eng. c. 6676 f. 155; Margot Asquith to Pamela Tennant, n.d., ff. 152–3.
43. Pamela Tennant to Margot Asquith, 17 January 1921, Bodleian, Asquith Papers, Add. MS. Eng. c. 6676 f. 155.
44. Pamela Tennant to Mary Elcho, 28 February 1921, Stanway Papers.
45. Hoare, Serious Pleasures, pp. 14–15.
46. Blow, Broken Blood, p. 164.
47. Hoare, Serious Pleasures, p. 97.
48. The Times, 17 February 1922.
49. The Times, 6 June 1922.
50. Pamela Tennant to Lucy Graham Smith, n.d. [summer 1921], Bodleian, Asquith Papers, Add. MS. Eng. c. 6676 f. 157.
51. Pamela Tennant to Wilfrid Scawen Blunt, 1 October 1921, Blunt Papers, FM 248-1976.
52. ‘The Romantic Miracle of England’s Loneliest Man’, American Feature Press, 1922.
53. Hoare, Serious Pleasures, p. 63.
54. Wemyss, Family Record, p. 235.
55. Baddeley, The Unsinkable Hermione Baddeley, p. 47.
56. Pamela Tennant to Lucy Graham Smith, n.d. [summer 1921], Bodleian, Asquith Papers, Add. MS. Eng. c. 6676 f. 157.
57. Pamela Tennant to Wilfrid Scawen Blunt, 11 June 1922, Blunt Papers, FM 286-1976.
58. Belloc Lowndes, A Passing World, p. 175.
59. Pamela Tennant to Marie Stopes, 1 February 1923, BL Stopes Papers, Add. MSS. 58693 ff. 31–2.
60. Pamela Tennant to Marie Stopes, 9 February 1921, BL Stopes Papers, Add. MSS. 58688 f. 7; and see also letters of 27 May 1921, Add. MS. 58689 f. 69; and 27 June 1921, Add. MSS. 58689 f. 139.
61. Pamela Tennant to Marie Stopes, June 1922, BL Stopes Papers, Add. MSS. 58691 f. 224.
62. Founded as the Eugenics Education Society in 1906, it changed its name to the Eugenics Society in 1926.
63. Marie Stopes, Radiant Motherhood (G. B. Putnam’s Sons, 1920), p. 220; The Times, 29 October 1918; Glenconner, The White Wallet, pp. 372–5.
64. Pamela Tennant to the Stopes Society, 10 November [post-1922], BL Stopes Papers, Add. MSS. 58702 f. 111.
65. Pamela Tennant to Marie Stopes, June 1922, BL Stopes Papers, Add. MSS. 58691 f. 224.
66. Madeline Adeane to Mary Elcho, 11 December 1925, Stanway Papers.
67. Grey of Fallodon, Twenty-Five Years, 1.xxii.
68. See Keith Robbins, Sir Edward Grey: A Biography of Lord Grey of Fallodon (Cassell, 1971).
69. Baddeley, The Unsinkable Hermione Baddeley, p. 13.
70. Ibid., pp. 44–9 and 53–4; Hoare, Serious Pleasures, p. 52. In this, David resisted Pamela’s attempts to match-make him more successfully than Christopher, whom Pamela persuaded to marry her goddaughter Pamela Paget (offspring of her erstwhile suitor, Arthur). Stephen Tennant designed the bride and bridesmaids’ medieval-themed dresses for the Paget–Glenconner wedding, which was billed by Vogue as one of the ‘most important social events of 1925’. The marriage was a disaster and ended in divorce a decade later (see: Hoare, Serious Pleasures, p. 51).
71. Hoare, Serious Pleasures, p. 63.
72. Dakers, Clouds, p. 219.
73. Ibid., p. 220.
74. Pamela Tennant to Mary Elcho, 13 March 1928, Stanway Papers.
75. Baddeley, The Unsinkable Hermione Baddeley, p. 48.
76. Ibid., pp. 57–8.
77. Ibid., p. 62.
78. Miami News, 4 January 1931.
79. Pamela Tennant to Mary Elcho, 14 May 1928, Stanway Papers.
80. Quoted in Hoare, Serious Pleasures, p. 114.
81. Beck had been one of the speakers at the luncheon that Pamela and Eddy had attended on their American tour in 1920, promoting Anglo-American relations. It seems likely that when Pamela had advocated extending the arm of friendship, this was not quite what she had meant.
82. Pamela Tennant to Mary Elcho, 14 June 1928, Stanway Papers.
83. Pamela Tennant to Mary Elcho, 14 May 1928, Stanway Papers.
84. Pamela Tennant to Mary Elcho, 14 June 1928, Stanway Papers. Doubtless it was Romer Wilson’s All Alone: The Life and Private History of Emily Jane Brontë (1928).
85. Blow, Broken Blood, p. 172.
86. The Times, 20 November 1928.
87. Madeline Adeane to Mary Elcho, 5 December 1928, Stanway Papers.
88. Hoare, Serious Pleasures, pp. 125–6.
89. Ibid., p. 128.
90. Ogden Standard Examiner, 17 February 1929.
91. Baddeley, The Unsinkable Hermione Baddeley, p. 68.
Chapter 33: The End
1. Madeline Adeane to Mary Elcho, 5 December 1928, Stanway Papers.
2. Madeline Adeane to Mary Elcho, 2 January 1929, Stanway Papers.
3. Madeline Adeane to Mary Elcho, 11 December 1925, Stanway Papers.
4. Ibid.
5. Madeline Adeane to Mary Elcho, 19 November 1929, Stanway Papers.
6. Ibid.
7. See, for example, Mary Elcho to Arthur Balfour, 7 March 1929 (Letters, p. 353).
8. Quoted in Ridley and Percy (eds), Letters of Arthur Balfour and Lady Elcho, pp. 351–2.
9. Ibid.
10. The Times, 3 May 1937.
11. Arthur Balfour to Mary Elcho, 17 November 1920, Whittingehame Papers, NRS GD433/2/229/1 f. 12r.
12. Ibid.
13. The Times, 17 January 1929.
14. The Times, 21 January 1929, letter from ‘X’; 26 January 1929, letter from ‘Q’; Ettie Desborough to Mary Elcho, 25 January 1930, Desborough Papers, HALS DE/Rv/C1100/257; and 9 November 1935, DE/Rv/C1100/166.
15. The Times, 21 January 1929, letter from ‘X’; 26 January 1929, letter from ‘Q’.
16. Ridley and Percy (eds), Letters of Arthur Balfour and Lady Elcho, p. 352.
17. Quoted in ibid., p. 353.
18. Ibid., p. 354.
19. Quoted in Abdy and Gere, The Souls, p. 41.
>
20. Mary Elcho to Arthur Balfour, 7 March 1929 (Letters, p. 353).
21. Ettie Desborough to Mary Elcho, 25 January 1930, Desborough Papers, HALS DE/Rv/C1100/257.
22. Ettie Desborough to Mary Elcho, 16 June 1936, Desborough Papers, HALS DE/Rv/C1100/176.
23. Dakers, Clouds, p. 226.
24. Ibid., pp. 225–7, 239–44.
25. Ettie Desborough to Mary Elcho, n.d. [1935], Desborough Papers, HALS DE/Rv/C1100/167.
26. Evelyn de Vesci to Evan Charteris, n.d. [summer 1936], De Vesci Papers, DD/DRU/5/3/2.
27. Evan Charteris to Evelyn de Vesci, n.d. [summer 1936], De Vesci Papers, DD/DRU/5/3/2.
28. Evelyn de Vesci to unknown correspondent, n.d., DD DRU 5/3/2.
29. Dorothy Charteris to Evelyn de Vesci, 18 August 1936, De Vesci Papers, DD/DRU/5/3/2.
30. Evan Charteris to Evelyn de Vesci, n.d. [summer 1936], De Vesci Papers, DD/DRU/5/3/2.
31. Ibid.
32. Ibid.
33. Ibid.
34. Madeline Adeane to Mary Elcho, 3 February 1937, Stanway Papers.
35. The Times, 3 May 1937.
36. Ibid., 4 August 1941.
37. Ibid., 2 August 1941.
38. Pamela slightly misquoted this, as she so often did, as ‘the Light of the Just shineth more & more unto the perfect Day’.
39. Again, Pamela misquotes, giving the boy’s name as ‘Hans’.
40. Pamela Tennant to Mary Elcho, 13 March 1928, Stanway Papers.
Bibliography
MANUSCRIPT SOURCES
Where an abbreviation is used for a publicly accessible manuscript source in the Notes, it is appended in square brackets.
Papers in publicly accessible archives
Bodleian Library: papers of Margot Asquith, Countess of Oxford and Asquith, 1862–1945 [Bodleian, Asquith Papers, MS. Eng.]
British Library:
Avebury Papers
Papers of Arthur James Balfour
Burns Papers
Cockerell Papers
Eccles Bequest of Manuscripts (Lady Eccles Oscar Wilde Collection)
Papers of Allan Fea
Papers of Viscount and Viscountess Gladstone
Papers of Mary Gladstone (Mrs Drew)
Letters to John Lane
Papers of Robert Ross
Society of Authors Archive
Stopes Papers
Watts-Dunton Papers
Papers of Douglas Young
Those Wild Wyndhams Page 47
