Gazetteer of the Kangra District, 1924-25 [1926], Kangra Cultural Society, Dharamsala, 1995
Gazetteer of the Peshawar District, 1897-98 [ 1898], Civil and Military Gazette Press, Lahore, 1989
Gazetteers of the District and States of the Undivided Punjab (prior to Independence) [1904, 1914], 4 vols, Low Price Publications, Delhi, 1993
Gill, Avtar Singh, Lahore Darbar and Rani Jindan, Central Publishers, Ludhiana, 1983
Gordon, Sir John J.H., The Sikhs [1904], Panjab University (Languages Department), Chandigarh, 1988
Goswamy, B.N., Piety and Splendour: Sikh Heritage in Art, National Museum, New Delhi, 2000
Gough, Sir Charles and Arthur D., The Sikhs and the Sikh Wars: The Rise, Conquest and Annexation of the Punjab State [1897], Deepak, Gurgaon, 1993
Grewal, J.S., Maharaja Ranjit Singh, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 1982
Grewal, J.S. and Indu Banga, Early Nineteenth Century Panjab, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 1975
Grey, C. and H.L.O. Garrett, European Adventurers of Northern India, 1785 to 1849 [1929], Asian Educational Services, Madras, 1993
Griffin, Sir Lepel H., The Punjab Chiefs [ 1890], Civil and Military Gazette Press, Lahore, 1909
Griffin, Sir Lepel H., The Rajas of the Punjab, Trubner and Co., London, 1873
Griffin, Sir Lepel H., Rulers of India: Ranjit Singh [ 1911], S. Chand and Co., Delhi, 1967
Gupta, Hari Ram, History of the Sikhs, 5 vols, Munshiram Manoharlal, New Delhi, 1991
Gupta, Hari Ram, Later Mughal History of the Punjab, Sang-e-Meel Publications, Lahore, 1996
Gupta, Hari Ram, Marathas and Panipat, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 1961
Gupta, Hari Ram, Punjab, Central Asia and the First Afghan War, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 1987
Gupta, Hari Ram, Punjab on the Eve of First Sikh War, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 1956
Hardinge, Viscount Charles, Rulers of India, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1900
Hasrat, Bikrama Jit, Anglo-Sikh Relations, 1799-1849: A Reappraisal of the Rise and Fall of the Sikhs, V.V. Research Institute Book Agency, Hoshiarpur, 1968
Hasrat, Bikrama Jit, Life and Times of Ranjit Singh: A Saga of Benevolent Despotism, V.V. Research Institute Book Agency, Hoshiarpur, 1977
Hasrat, Bikrama Jit, The Punjab Papers (1836-1849), V.V. Research Institute Book Agency, Hoshiarpur, 1970
Henry, G.A., Through the Sikh War [ 1921], Panjab University (Languages Department), Chandigarh, 1970
Honigberger, John Martin, Thirty-Five Years in the East [ 1852], Sundeep Prakashan, New Delhi, 1995
Hugel, Baron Charles, Kashmir and the Punjab [ 1845], Light and Life Publishers, Jammu, 1972
Hugel, Baron Charles, Kashmir Under Maharaja Ranjit Singh [1845], Atlantic Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi, 1984
Hutchison, J. and J.P. Vogel, History of the Punjab Hill States [1933], 2 vols, Department of Language and Culture, Simla, 1982
Ibbetson, Sir Denzil, A Glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North-West Frontier Province [ 1883], 3 vols, Panjab University (Languages Department), 1989
Irvine, William, Later Mughals [ 1922], 2 vols, Oriental Books, New Delhi, 1971
Johar, Surinder Singh, The Heritage of Amritsar, Sundeep Prakashan, New Delhi, 1978
Johar, Surinder Singh, The Secular Maharaja: A Biography of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, Manas Publications, New Delhi, 1985
Kapur, Prithpal Singh and Dharam Singh (eds), Maharaja Ranjit Singh Commemoration Volume, Panjabi University, Patiala, 2001
Kaur, Madanjit, The Golden Temple, Past and Present, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 1983
Khan, Ahmad Nabi, A History of the Saddozai Afghans of Multan, Research Society of Pakistan, Lahore, 1977
Khan, Ahmad Nabi, Multan: History and Architecture, Institute of Islamic History, Culture and Civilization, Islamabad, 1983
Khan, F.A., The Princess Bamba Collection (Antiquities of the Sikh Period), catalogue, Ministry of Education and Scientific Research, Karachi, 1961
Khan, Khan Mohammad Waliullah, Sikh Shrines in West Pakistan, Ferozsons, Karachi, 1962
Khullar, K.K., Maharaja Ranjit Singh, Prominent Printers, New Delhi, 1980
Kiernan, Victor G., Metcalfe’s Mission to Lahore (1808-1809), Punjab Government Record Office, Monograph No. 1, Lahore, 1950
Kirpa, Ram Diwan, Gulabnama: History of Maharaja Gulab Singh of Jammu and Kashmir, Light and Life Publishers, New Delhi, 1977
Kohli, Sita Ram, Sunset of the Sikh Empire, Orient Longman, New Delhi, 1967
Kohli, Sita Ram, The Trial of Diwan Mulraj, Panjabi University (Languages Department), Patiala, 1971
Lafont, Jean-Marie, French Administrators of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, National Book Shop, New Delhi, 1988
Lafont, Jean-Marie, Maharaja Ranjit Singh: Lord of the Five Rivers, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2002
Lal, Mohan, Travels in the Punjab, Afghanistan, and Turkistan [ 1834], Nirmal Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi, 1986
Latif, Syad Mohammad, ‘The Early History of Multan’ [1891], Calcutta Review
Latif, Syad Mohammad, History of the Panjab from the Remotest Antiquity to the Present Time [1891], Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi, 1989
Latif, Syad Mohammad, Lahore: Its History, Architectural Remains and Antiquities, [ 1892] Sang-e-Meel Publications, Lahore, 1994
Lawrence, Major H.M.L., Adventures of an Officer in the Punjab [1846], 2 vols, Panjabi University (Languages Department), Patiala, 1970
Leigh, M.S., The Punjab and the War, Sang-e-Meel Publications, Lahore, 1997
Login, E. Dalhousie, Lady Login’s Recollections: Court Life and Camp Life 1820-1904 [1916], Panjabi University (Languages Department), Patiala, 1970
Login Lady, Sir John Login and Duleep Singh (1809-1886) [1889], Panjab University (Languages Department), Patiala, 1970
Macauliffe, M.A., The Sikh Religion [ 1909], Vol. 6, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1995
Malcolm, Lieutenant Colonel, Sketch of the Sikhs [ 1812], Asian Educational Services, 1986
Mulk Raj, Anand (ed.), Maharaja Ranjit Singh as Patron of the Arts, Marg Publications, Bombay, 1981
Masson, Charles, Narrative of Various Journeys in Balochistan, Afghanistan and the Punjab, 1826 to 1838 [1842], 3 vols, Munshiram Manoharlal, New Delhi, 1997
McGregor, W.L., The History of the Sikhs [1846], Rupa, New Delhi, 2007
Mehra, Parshotam, North-western Frontier and British India, 1839-42, 2 vols, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 1982
Moin, Major S., Chillianwala: Some Aspects of Leadership, National Publishing House, Lahore, n.d.
Moorcroft, William and George Trebeck, Travels in the Himalayan Provinces of Hindustan and the Punjab in Ladakh and Kashmir; in Peshawar, Kabul, Kunduz, and Bokhara, 1819-1825, John Murray, London, 1837
Murray, W.M., History of the Punjab and of the Rise, Progress, and Present Condition of the Sect and Nation of the Sikhs [ 1846], 2 vols, Deepak, Gurgaon, 1993
Narang, Sir Gokul Chand, Transformation of Sikhism, New Book Society, Lahore, 1912
Nayyar, G.S., Life and Accomplishments of Sardar Hari Singh Nalwa, Marshal of the Khalsa, Harinder Singh Khalsa Publishers, Amritsar, 1993
Orlich, Captain Leopold von, Travels in India Including Sinde and the Punjab [ 1845], 2 vols, Usha Publications, New Delhi, 1985
Osborne, W.G., The Court and Camp of Runjeet Sing, Henry Colburn, London, 1840
Parshad, Dewan Ajudhia, Waqai Jang-I-Sikhan [Events of the (First) Anglo-Sikh War -1845-6], Punjab Itihas Prakashan, Chandigarh, 1975
Payne, C.N., A Short History of the Sikhs, Thomas Nelson, London, 1915
Pearse, Major Hugh, Memories of Alexander Gardner (Colonel of Artillery in the Service of Maharaja Ranjit Singh) [1898], Deepak, Gurgaon, 1993
Political Diaries: Delhi Residency and Agency Records, 1807 to 57, Vol. 1, Pioneer Press, Allahabad, 1911
Political Diaries: Ludhiana Agency Records, 1808 to 1815, Vol. 2, Pioneer Press, Allahabad, 19
11
Political Diaries of the Resident at Lahore and His Assistants, 1846 to 1849, Vols 3-5 (Lahore Political Diaries), 1911
Prinsep, Henry T., Origin of the Sikh Power in the Punjab and the Political Life of Muha-Raja Runjeet Singh [1834], Military Orphan Press, Calcutta, 1965
Randhawa, T.S., The Sikhs: Images of a Heritage, Prakash Books, New Delhi, 2000
Raza, Hanif M., Lahore Through Centuries, Colorpix, Islamabad, 1996
Rehatsek E., ‘A Notice of the Zafarnama-I-Ranjit-Singh of Kanihayya Lal’, The Indian Antiquary (Bombay), 1887-8
Rehmani, Dr Anjum, Masterpieces of Lahore Museum, Lahore Museum, Lahore, 1999
Ross, David, The Land of the Five Rivers and Sindh, Nirmal Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi, 1970
Saggar, Balraj, Who’s Who in the History of Punjab (1800-1849), National Book Organization, New Delhi, 1993
Seetal, Sohan Lal, The Sikh Misals and the Punjab, Lahore Book Shop, Ludhiana, 1981
Sethi, R.R., Trial of Raja Lal Singh (The Lahore Minister), Nirmal Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi, 1986
Sidhu, Colonel Kuldip Singh, Ranjit Singh’s Khalsa Raj and Attariwala Sardars, National Book Shop, New Delhi, 1994
Singh, Bhagat, A History of Sikh Misals, Panjabi University, Patiala, 1993
Singh, Fauja, Maharaja Kharak Singh, Panjabi University, Patiala, 1977
Singh, Fauja, Sirhind Through the Ages, Panjabi University, Patiala, 1984
Singh, Fauja and A.C. Arora, Maharaja Ranjit Singh: Politics, Society and Economy, Panjabi University, Patiala, 1984
Singh, Ganda, A Bibliography of the Punjab, Panjabi University, Patiala, 1966
Singh, Ganda, History of the Gurdwara Shahidganj, Lahore, from Its Origin to November 1935, self-published, Amritsar, 1935
Singh, Ganda, Life of Banda Singh Bahadur, Panjabi University, Patiala, 1990
Singh, Ganda, The Punjab: Past and Present, Panjabi University, Patiala, 1983
Singh, Ganda, Sardar Jassa Singh Ahluwlia, Panjabi University, Patiala, 1990
Singh, Gopal, A History of the Sikh People, 1469-1978, World Sikh University Press, New Delhi, 1979
Singh, Harbans, The Heritage of the Sikhs, Manobar Publications, New Delhi, 1985
Singh, Kapur, Parasharprasna or the Baisakhi of Guru Gobind Singh: An Exposition of Sikhism, Hind Publishers, Jullundur, 1959
Singh, Khushwant, The Fall of the Kingdom of Punjab, Orient Longman, New Delhi, 1962
Singh, Khushwant, A History of the Sikhs, 2 vols, Princeton University Press, New Jersey, 1963
Singh, Khushwant, Ranjit Singh: Maharajah of the Punjab, 1780-1839, George Allen and Unwin, London, 1962
Singh, Mohinder and Rishi Singh, Maharaja Ranjit Singh, UBS Publishers’ Distributors/National Institute of Panjab Studies, New Delhi, 2002
Singh, Patwant, The Golden Temple, Times Books International, New Delhi, 1989
Singh, Patwant, The Sikhs, John Murray, London, 1999
Singh, Sohan, Life and Exploits of Banda Singh Bahadur, Panjabi University, Patiala, 1915
Singh, Teja (ed.), Maharaja Ranjit Singh: First Death Centenary Memorial [1939], Deepak, Amritsar, 1993
Smith, Bosworth R., Life of Lord Lawrence, 2 vols, Smith, Elder and Co., London, 1883
Smyth Major G., A History of the Reigning Family of Lahore [1847], Nirmal Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi, 1987
Steinbach, Henry, The Country of the Sikhs [1846], KLM Book House, New Delhi, 1978
Stronge, Susan, The Arts of the Sikh Kingdoms, Victoria and Albert Museum Publications, London, 1999
Suri, Lala Sohan Lal, Umdat-Ut-Tawarikh, Daftar III [1889], Parts 1-5, S. Chand and Co., New Delhi, 1961
Thackwell, Edward Joseph, Narrative of the Second Sikh War in 1848-49 [1851], Nirmal Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi, 1986
Thorburn, S.S., Musalmans and Money Lenders in the Punjab, Mittal Publications, New Delhi, 1983
Thorburn, S.S., The Punjab in Peace and War [1883], Panjab University (Languages Department), Chandigarh, 1989
Vigne, G.T., Travels in Kashmir: Ladak, Iskardo [1842], 2 vols, Indus Publications, Karachi, 1987
Waheeduddin, Fakir Syed, The Real Ranjit Singh, Panjabi University, Patiala, 1965
DOCUMENTS ON THE PUNJAB, 1847-9
Press Lists of Old Records in the Punjab Secretariat:
Volume IX: Lahore Agency and Residency, 1846-47
Volume X: Correspondence of the Resident to the Governor-General, 1848-49
Volume XI: Board of Administrationnjab, 1849-53
Volume XII: Board of Administration, Punjab, 1849-53
Report on the Select Committees on Indian Territories, 1852
Report on the Select Committees on Indian Territories, Vol. X
General Report upon the Administration of the Punjab Proper, 1849-51
‘The Return of Ordnance’, in Despatches of Lord Hardinge, Lord Gough and Sir Harry Smith and Other Documents, Oliver and Ackerman, London, 1846
BOOKS AND PAPERS ON SIKH NUMISMATICS
British Parliamentary Papers, Accounts and Papers, Vol. XXXIX, 1865
British Parliamentary Papers, Accounts and Papers, Vol. XLII, 1864
British Parliamentary Papers, Accounts and Papers, Vol. XLIII, 1857-8
British Parliamentary Papers, Accounts and Papers, Vol. XLV, 1856
British Parliamentary Papers, Accounts and Papers, Vol. LXXI, 1870
British Parliamentary Papers, Report Relating to a Gold Currency for India, 1865
British Parliamentary Papers, Report of the Committee to Enquire into Indian Currency, London, 1899
Herrli, Hans, The Coins of the Sikhs, Munshiram Manoharlal, New Delhi, 2004
Rai, Jyoti, ‘Unidentified Sikh Mints: Proof of the Existence of the Mint at Nimak’, Newsletter of the Oriental Numismatic Society (United Kingdom), No. 143, 1995
Rai, Jyoti, ‘Rediscovering Sikh Mints: Peshawar, Dera, Rawalpindi’, Newsletter of the Oriental Numismatic Society (United Kingdom), No. 146, 1995
Rodgers, C. J., Coins of Ahmad Shah Abdali, Vol. LIV, Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta, 1885
Rodgers, C. J., On the Coins of the Sikhs, Vol. L, Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta, 1881
Singh, Saran, ‘The First Coins of the Sikhs’, Newsletter of the Oriental Numismatic Society (United Kingdom), No. 144, 1995
Thornton, Thomas, The East India Calculator, London, 1823
Index
For consistency and to preserve the general usage in the text, names of non-European historical personages are all indexed by the first element.
Abbott, James, Captain, 255
Abdus Samad Khan, governor, 53
Abul Fazl, 122
Adams, Robert, 22–4
Adeena Beg Khan, 53
Adi Granth see Guru Granth Sahib
Afghan War (1839), 234–5
Afghans/Afghanistan
Anglo-Sikh invasion plans, 234–5
conflicts with Sikhs, 20, 49–51, 52–3, 65–7, 72–3, 114–24
Ranjit Singh’s dealings with, 88, 111–24, 130, 183, 205
Ahmad Khan (Chatha leader), 58
Ahmed Khan Chahanshibashi (Afghan general), 65, 66–7
Ahmed Shah Abdali, 20, 49–51, 53, 56–7, 65, 66, 88, 114, 115, 183
Ahmed Shah of Baltistan, 120
Ajit Singh (son of Guru Gobind Singh), 42
Akal Takht (‘Almighty’s Throne’ (seat of temporal power), 32, 157, 177
Akali sect
military activities, 81, 102–3, 115
sentencing of Ranjit Singh, 157, 201–2
Akbar, Emperor, 27, 30, 122
Ala Singh, Raja of Patiala, 66
Ala-ud-din Khilji, Sultan, 114
Alberuni, A.D., 121
Alexander I, Tsar, 103–4
Alexander the Great, 15, 19–20, 74, 115, 258
Ali Mardan Khan, 76
Aliwal, Battle of (28 January 1846), 244
Allard, Jean-François, General, 125, 12
6–9, 142, 176–7, 180
Amar Das, Guru, 25–7, 73
Amar Singh ‘Darhiwala,’ 174
‘Amazons’ (female army unit), 143, 158–60
Amirs (of Sind), relations with British, 138–9, 146, 149–50
amputation, as criminal punishment, 103, 135
Amritsar see Golden Temple
Anandpur, fortress of, 35, 84
assaults on, 37–8, 41, 43
siege/abandonment, 41–2
Angad, Guru, 25
Anglo-Sikh Wars see First Anglo-Sikh War; Second Anglo-Sikh War
Archer, W.G., 174
Arjan Dev, Guru, 27–31, 34, 86, 200–1
Army see British Empire; Sikh army
art, under Ranjit Singh’s rule, 173–9
artillery, role in Sikh military strength, 102, 128, 241–2
Ashburnham, Brigadier, 246
Aso Sircar (wife of Ranjit Singh), 170
Ata Mohammed, 112
Attar Khan, 97
Attar Singh Sandhanwalia, 215
Attock, conflicts at/over, 112–13, 115, 148–9
Auckland, George Eden, 1st Earl, Governor-General, 150–1, 160, 164, 178, 198, 221, 229, 234, 236, 258
Aurangzeb, Emperor, 34–6, 37–8, 41–3, 52, 87
Avitabile, Paolo di Batolomeo, General, 127–8, 135
Azam, Prince (son of Aurangzeb), 43
Azim Khan, governor, 109, 123
Aziz-ud-din (Azizud-din), Fakir, 86, 133–4, 175, 198, 199
Babur, Emperor, 114, 121–2
Bahadur Shah (Muazzam), Emperor, 38, 43, 44, 46, 47
Bahlol Khan, 22, 23
Bairagi, Madho Dass see Banda Singh Bahadur
Baksh, Imam, 85
Bala (follower of Nanak), 175, 178
Banda Singh Bahadur (Madho Dass Bairagi), 45–6, 53, 56
coinage, 184–6, 187
conversion, 43–4
death, 46, 186, 187
Barr, William, Lt, 176, 182
Bashiran see Billo
Basti Ram, Treasurer, 134
Beli Ram, Treasurer, 134
Bentinck, Lady, 157–8, 176
Bentinck, Lord William, Governor-General, 128, 133, 136, 141, 142–3, 144–5, 157–8, 176, 180, 195
Bhangi misl, 63–4, 73–4, 76–7, 169
coinage, 187–8
Bhawani Das, 131–2
Bhim Singh, governor, 190
Billo (Amazon favourite of Ranjit Singh), 160
Empire of the Sikhs Page 28
