Kenneth Clark
Page 59
55. Letter to Dr Melville B. Miller, 28 January 1971, Stirling Library, Yale
56. Clark, The Other Half, pp.34–5
57. Lycett Green, John Betjeman: Letters, Vol. I: 1926–1951, p.289
58. Memos from Norman Brook to Walter Monckton, 9 July 1941. Also Monckton to Brook, 11 July 1941, Kew National Archive, TNA, INF 1/869
59. Nicolson diary, 29 August 1941, Balliol College Archive
60. Clark, The Other Half, p.22
Chapter 20: Artists at War
1. Tate 8812/1/4/441a
2. Letter to Mr Waddams, 7 December 1981, Tate 8812/1/4/444
3. See letter from Henry Lewes to Clark, 6 May 1969, in which he quotes Jane Clark, Tate 8812/1/4/55
4. Letter to Mr Waddams, 7 December 1981, Tate 8812/1/4/444
5. Letter to Betjeman, 20 September 1939, Tate 8812/1/4/441a
6. Clark believed that he was considered ‘a dangerous revolutionary’ in RA circles; see Clark, The Other Half, p.23. ‘Interfering bloody nuisance’ would be closer to the mark
7. ‘The Artist in Wartime’, The Listener, 22 October 1939
8. Letter from Edward Bawden to Clark, 12 December 1939, Tate 8812/1/4/441a
9. ‘The Artist in Wartime’, The Listener, 22 October 1939
10. Letter to Sir Ronald Storrs, 19 March 1941, Tate 8812/1/1/10. Clark added facetiously: ‘If only it were possible to discourage the Jews from painting’
11. Letter to Cecil Day-Lewis, 16 October 1942, Tate 8812/1/1/27
12. Letter to Paul Nash, 19 February 1941, Tate 8812/1/1/4
13. Foss, War Paint: Art, War, State and Identity in Britain 1939–1945, p.167
14. Letter from Jane to Lord Crawford, 1 September 1941, Crawford Papers, National Library of Scotland
15. Lycett Green, John Betjeman: Letters, Vol I: 1926–1951, pp.542–51
16. Letter from Jane to Lord Crawford, dated ‘Monday’, Crawford Papers, National Library of Scotland. In fact the first invoice in January 1941 was for thirty-two guineas
17. Clark, The Other Half, p.24
18. Clark, Henry Moore: Drawings, p.150
19. ‘War Artists at the National Gallery’, The Studio, January 1942, p.5
20. Harries, Meirion and Susie, The War Artists, p.188
21. Letter to Mervyn Peake, 7 May 1942, Tate 8812/1/3/2451
22. Note ‘To whom it may concern’, 20 August 1942, Tate 8812/1/1/6
23. Quoted in Thomas Dilworth ‘Letters from David Jones to Kenneth Clark’, Burlington Magazine, Vol. CXLII, April 2000, p.215
24. Ibid., p.216
25. Letter to J.M. Keynes, 10 January 1941, King’s College, Cambridge, JMK/PP/45/147
26. Foss, War Paint: Art, War, State and Identity in Britain 1939–1945, p.175
27. Letter from Paul Nash to Clark, undated, Tate 8812/1/3/2210
28. Ibid., Tate 8812/1/3/2215
29. Letter to Paul Nash, 1 May 1942, Paul Nash Archive, Tate 7050/348–362
30. Ibid., 3 October 1944
31. Letter from Wyndham Lewis to Augustus John, 17 August 1943; see Meyers, The Enemy: A Biography of Wyndham Lewis, pp.271–4
32. Letter from Betjeman to Clark, 14 March 1941, Tate 8812/1/3/299
33. Letter to Betjeman, 19 March 1941, Tate 8812/1/2/300
34. Letter to P.N.S. Mansergh, 10 February 1942, Tate 8812/1/1/3
35. Letter to Frank Pick, 9 January 1941, Tate 8812/1/1/6
36. Ibid., 28 May 1941
37. ‘War Artists at the National Gallery’, The Studio, January 1942, p.3
38. Nicolson diary, 22 May 1941, Balliol College Archive
39. Letter from Mary Kessell to Clark, 6 September 1945, I Tatti
40. BBC, 19 October 1941, British Library National Sound Archive, Disc 210
Chapter 21: The Home Front
1. Letter to his mother, 1 March 1942, Saltwood
2. Trewin, Alan Clark: The Biography, p.252
3. Alan started at St Cyprian’s, and was moved to Cheltenham
4. Letter from Jane to Lord Crawford, 25 June 1940, Crawford Papers, National Library of Scotland
5. Ibid., undated
6. See letter from Clark to Michael Kennedy, 13 September 1968, Tate 8812/1/4/43. The daughter used the surname Elgar
7. Casino of Pius IV in the Vatican gardens
8. See Clark, Another Part of the Wood, pp.178–80
9. Hinks, The Gymnasium of the Mind, p.80
10. Letter, 27 March 1941, Saltwood
11. Letter from Jane to Lord Crawford, undated, Crawford Papers, National Library of Scotland
12. Jane Clark, diary, 1 January 1941, Saltwood
13. Ibid.
14. Interview with Colette Clark
15. Letter to his mother, 8 September 1944, Saltwood
16. Interview with Mrs Catriona Williams
17. Letter to his mother, 25 September 1945, Saltwood
18. Letter to John Piper, undated, Piper Archive, Tate 200410/1/1/793
19. Mostly by Duncan Grant and Graham Bell; see list at Tate 8812/1/4/110
20. He attached special importance to her letters, and gave them to the Morgan Library in New York. See also his article in Horizon, July 1947, Vol. XVI, ‘On the Development of Miss Sitwell’s Later Style’. Clark later said: ‘Edith Sitwell is not only a good poet but a great poet. I think she used the word gold too often and I suggested that her confessor [she had become a Catholic] should ban her from using the word for six months.’ With Great Pleasure, BBC, 12 September 1976
21. Letter to Myfanwy Piper, undated, Piper Archive, Tate 200410/1/1/793
22. Letter from T.S. Eliot to Jane Clark, 13 November 1943, Saltwood
23. Thomas asked Clark for help in avoiding army service; see letter to Clark, 16 March 1940, Tate 8812/1/3/3201–3251. Thomas and Clark shared a love of detective fiction
24. Quennell (ed.), A Lonely Business: A Self Portrait of James Pope-Hennessy, p.31. Letter to Clarissa Avon, 6 November 1940
25. Lees-Milne, Ancestral Voices, p.270 (entry for 18 November 1943)
26. Ibid., p.163 (entry for 2 March 1943)
27. Letter to Berenson, 14 September 1939, Cumming (ed.), My Dear BB, p.231
28. Letter to Harold Nicolson, 19 December 1942, Tate 8812/1/1/30
29. See letter to Osbert Peake, 22 August 1940, and to Asquith, 29 August 1940, Tate 8812/1/4/182
30. Letter from Helen Roeder to Clark, 3 September 1940, Tate 8812/1/4/182
31. Letter to the Chief Constable of Cornwall, 8 June 1940, Tate 8812/1/4/182
32. Speech by Clark at opening of the Warburg exhibition ‘British Art and the Mediterranean’, 2 December 1941
33. See letter from Fritz Saxl to Clark, 28 June 1940, Warburg
34. Draft letter from Fritz Saxl to Clark, apparently unsent, May 1941, Warburg
35. Jane Clark, diary, 7 March 1942, Saltwood
36. Letter to Roger Hinks, 20 January 1942, Saltwood
37. Letter to Prof. Albert Richardson, 8 August 1944, Tate 8812/1/1/58
38. Letter from Jane to Lord Crawford, undated, Crawford Papers, National Library of Scotland
39. See correspondence with Savoy, Tate 8812/1/1/34–35
40. Berenson, Sketch for a Self-Portrait, p.15
41. Letter, 14 June 1941, Tate 8812/1/12
42. Evening Standard, 28 December 1942, Tate 8812, Press cuttings
43. Mount Square, Hampstead, and her studio on Downshire Hill
44. Interview with author
45. Letter from Mary Kessell to Clark, postmarked 21 February 1943, I Tatti
46. Letter from Mary Kessell to Clark, 2 October 1944, I Tatti
47. Letter from Mary Kessell to Clark, undated, I Tatti
48. Letter from Myfanwy Piper to Clark, undated, I Tatti
49. Letter to his mother, 25 September 1945, Saltwood
50. Letter from Myfanwy Piper to Clark, undated, 1940s, I Tatti
Chapter 22: The Best for the Most
1. Horizon, 7 J
anuary 1943, p.5
2. See letter to John Grierson, 1 July 1947, Tate 8812/1/4/433
3. Radio interview, 12 February 1940, ‘The Artist in the Witness Box’, Tate 8812/2/2/736. A truncated version with the quote removed was published in The Listener, 22 February 1940, No. 380
4. Letter to The Times, 7 April 1941
5. Reprinted in E.M. Forster, Two Cheers for Democracy, p.102
6. Briggs, The BBC: The First Fifty Years, p.211
7. Michael Gill, unpublished notes for autobiography, p.2, John Murray Archive
8. Letter to Harold Nicolson, 8 July 1942, Tate 8812/1/1/30
9. There is a lot of argument about who approached whom. This account follows Clark’s (see below)
10. ‘State Patronage of Music and the Arts, The Work of C.E.M.A.’, manuscript in Tate 8812/2/2/223
11. See Clark’s Introduction to ‘Civil Defence Artists’ exhibition, Cooling Gallery, London, January 1942
12. Sinclair, Arts and Cultures, p.31
13. See letter to R.A. Butler, 11 December 1944, Saltwood
14. Clark, The Other Half, pp.26–7
15. Sinclair, Arts and Cultures, p.43
16. Lewis, Penguin Special: The Life and Times of Allen Lane, p.188
17. Letter to Jim Ede, 10 May 1943, Tate 8812/1/1/20
18. Lewis, Penguin Special: The Life and Times of Allen Lane, p.256
19. See Sue Breakell, ‘The Exercise of a Peculiar Art-Skill’: Kenneth Clark’s Design Advocacy and the Council of Industrial Design, unpublished at the time of going to press
20. Ruskin, Lectures on Art, inaugural lecture, para 6
21. Letter to Oscar Lundberg, 23 June 1942, Tate 8812/1/1/1–64
22. See letter from Clark to Henry Kowal, 5 May 1942, Saltwood. Kowal had written to Clark after hearing him on The Brains Trust
23. Tate 8812/2/5/1
24. Clark, The Other Half, pp.71–2
25. Clark, review in New Statesman, November 1944
26. Letter, 3 August 1945, Tate 8812/1/2/6601–6650
27. Letter from Myfanwy Piper to Clark, undated 1945, I Tatti
28. Letter from Berenson to Clark, 30 August 1945, Cumming (ed.), My Dear BB, p.255
29. Interview with author
30. Letter from Gulbenkian to Clark, 12 May 1946, Tate 8812/1/4/1650
31. Letter from Morshead to Clark, 13 January 1947, I Tatti
32. Letter from Clark to the Lord Chamberlain, 28 September 1944, Tate 8812/1/4/248
33. Letter to Eric Maclagan, 10 October 1944, Tate 8812/1/4/248
34. Letter from Morshead to Clark, 25 October 1944, I Tatti
35. Letter from John Pope-Hennessy to Clark, 28 July 1945, Tate 8812/1/3/2551–2600
36. Clark, The Other Half, p.77
37. Letter from Morshead to Clark, 27 November 1945, I Tatti
38. Glasgow, The Nineteen Hundreds: A Diary in Retrospect, p.199
39. Clark, The Other Half, pp.74–5
Chapter 23: Writing and Lecturing
1. Clark, The Other Half, p.87
2. Interview with author
3. Letter to Michael Radcliffe, 10 August 1976, Tate 8812/1/4/426
4. Rothenstein, Time’s Thievish Progress, p.48
5. Interview with author
6. Letter to Berenson, December 1945, Cumming (ed.), My Dear BB, p.256
7. Letter from Gulbenkian to Clark, 23 January 1946, Tate 8812/1/4/165c
8. Clark, The Other Half, p.126
9. On 21 March 1948 Clark gave a brilliant radio talk on Ruskin, interweaving his social and artistic theories and demonstrating how interchangeable they were
10. BBC, ‘Interview with Basil Taylor’, 8 October 1974, British Library National Sound Archive, Disc 196
11. Letter to Herbert Read, 10 March 1948, Tate 8812/1/2/5402–5450
12. Letter from Stephen Spender to Clark, 2 May 1963, Tate 8812/1/3/3001–3050
13. Professor J.R. Hale. Information from Sheila Hale
14. Letter to the Warden of New College, 18 April 1950, Saltwood
15. Letter from Colin Anderson to Clark, 31 March 1949, Tate 8812/1/4/285
16. See letter to Kurt Wolff, 5 October 1956, Tate 8812/1/4/286
17. John Walker in the Burlington Magazine, Vol. XCII, No. 573, December 1950, pp.357–8
18. Lees-Milne, Midway on the Waves, p.214 (entry for 24 October 1949)
19. Clark, Landscape Into Art, p.68
20. Ibid., p.143
21. Letter to Jock Murray, 3 May 1950, Tate 8812/1/4/285
22. Radio broadcast, BBC Third Programme, 13 June 1948
23. Pope-Hennessy, Learning to Look, p.120
24. See lecture, March 1964, Tate 8812/2/2/1042
25. Stonard, ‘Looking for Civilisation’ catalogue, 2014, p.24
26. Letter to Janet Stone, 7 May 1954, Bodleian Library
27. For a full discussion on the subject see Elam, ‘Roger Fry and the Re-Evaluation of Piero della Francesca’, Council of the Frick Collection Lecture Series
28. Letter to Dr Bela Horovitz, 16 June 1950, Tate 8812/1/4/336
29. Mario Salmi did, however, publish continuously about the artist from the 1940s onwards
30. I owe these observations to Caroline Elam
31. Letter to Carel Weight, 29 December 1949, Tate 8812/1/2/6851–6900
32. Burlington Magazine, June 1952, pp.175–8
33. Letter from Bowra to Clark, 27 March 1951, Tate 8812/1/4/342
34. See letter of resignation to Nikolaus Pevsner, 10 February 1948, Tate 8812/1/4/331
35. Letter to Jock Murray and list, undated, Tate 8812/1/1/29
36. Letter to Philip Lake, 3 July 1944, Tate 8812/1/4/151
37. Letter to Henry Kissinger, 17 April 1952, Tate 8812/1/2/1542
38. Sunday Times, 16 September 1984, p.42
39. Letter to Ben Nicolson, 5 September 1947, Tate 8812/1/3/2250–2300
40. Letter to Leonard Russell, 28 September 1951, Tate 8812/1/4/192
41. Letter to Charles Tennyson, 14 December 1943, Tate 8812/1/1/36
42. Letter to Berenson, 22 May 1948, Cumming (ed.), My Dear BB, p.289
43. Letter to Lord Ismay, 10 November 1948, Tate 8812/1/4/151
44. Letter to Berenson, 16 November 1949, Cumming (ed.), My Dear BB, pp.321–2
45. Letter to E.L. Woodward, 18 July 1949, Tate 8812/1/2/7152–7200
46. Letter to Gavin Stamp (who had reminded him of this fact), 20 April 1979, Stamp Archive
47. Letter to Janet Stone, 29 March 1958, Bodleian Library
48. ‘Ornament in Modern Architecture’, Architectural Review, December 1943
49. See letter to Betjeman, 20 December 1951, Tate 8812/1/3/328
50. Letter to M. Salaman, 26 July 1949, Tate 8812/1/2/5854
Chapter 24: Upper Terrace
1. The article later appeared in English in Vogue
2. Cooper (ed.), Great Private Collections, Introduction, p.15
3. Lees-Milne, Midway on the Waves, p.168 (entry for 31 March 1949)
4. Ibid., p.184
5. Jebb (ed.), Diaries of Cynthia Jebb, 23 June 1947
6. Interview with author
7. The present Earl of Crawford in an interview with author
8. Interview with author
9. Letter from Jane to John Sparrow, undated, All Souls College
10. The highly romanticised film based on Colin’s books The Prince, the Showgirl and Me and My Week with Marilyn
11. Letter to Berenson, 23 August 1948, Cumming (ed.), My Dear BB, p.294
12. Interview with author. The following year Jane had a twisted intestine. See letter from Clark to Myfanwy Piper on the subject, 4 October 1952, Tate 200410/1/1/793
13. Letter to Berenson, 6 October 1951, Cumming (ed.), My Dear BB, p.352
14. Trewin, Alan Clark: The Biography, p.73
15. Letter from Betjeman to Jane Clark, 16 November 1949, Lycett Green (ed.), John Betjeman: Letters, Vol. I: 1926–1951, p.496
1
6. Letter from Jane to Colin Anderson, undated, private collection
17. Grigson, Recollections: Mainly of Writers and Artists, p.163
18. Colin Clark, Younger Brother, Younger Son, p.20
19. See letter to Hugh Brigstoke, 14 March 1973, Tate 8812/1/4/111
20. See letter to Frederick Hartt, 22 June 1972, Tate 8812/1/4/15
21. Letter to Francis Brennan, 22 January 1952, Tate 8812/1/2/6438
22. Letter from Jane to Eric Westbrook, 16 February 1949, Tate 8812/1/4/107
23. Bowness, British Contemporary Art 1910–1990, Introduction, p.9
24. See list at Tate 8812/1/4/232
25. Bought from Agnew in 1951 for £6,000. It initially hung in the dining room at Upper Terrace House
26. Letter from Mary Kessell to Clark, undated, 1945, I Tatti
27. Letter to Berenson, 5 April 1947, Cumming (ed.), My Dear BB, pp.261–2
28. Letter from Berenson, 2 April 1951, ibid., pp.343–5
29. Letter from Mary Kessell to Clark, 4 November (no year), I Tatti
30. Information from the family
31. Letter to Mary Potter, 27 March 1949, private collection
32. Letter to Mary Potter, undated, c.1950, private collection
33. Interview with Colin Clark in John Wyver’s film K: Kenneth Clark 1903–1983, 1993
34. Letter to Morna Anderson, 23 April 1949, private collection
35. Letter to Morna Anderson, 25 September 1949, private collection
36. Clark, The Other Half, p.42
37. Letter from Janet Stone to Clark, dated ‘Wed’, c.1948, Bodleian Library
Chapter 25: Town and Country
1. Letter to Ben Nicolson, 14 February 1952, Burlington Magazine Archive
2. Information from Peter Rumley
3. Clark had first spotted Berger’s writing in the New Statesman; when the Faber publisher Charles Monteith asked for his opinion of a book on recent developments in the arts, Clark responded: ‘I would find it more amusing if you commissioned Mr Henry [sic] Berger whose criticisms…are uneven but stimulating and written from what might be called an enlightened (and therefore unorthodox) Marxist point of view.’ Letter to Charles Monteith, 8 March 1954, Tate 8812/1/2/2143
4. Letter to Janet Stone, 24 February 1959, Bodleian Library
5. Letter to Colin Agnew, 6 February 1947, Tate 8812/1/2/51–100, probably referring to the Immaculate Conception at Melbourne
6. See report by Director of National Gallery of Victoria, Tate 8812/1/4/269
7. £14,000 from the Radnor Collection