The Generals

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The Generals Page 58

by Thomas E. Ricks


  Patton praised by, 63–64

  Patton’s slapping incidents and, 61–62

  persona of, 42–43

  political career of, 44–45

  relief policy of, 53–56, 57

  Simpson praised by, 108–9

  war aims memo of, 48–49

  World War II strategy of, 45–47

  Eisenhower, John S. D., 207, 478n

  Eisenhower, Mamie Doud, 186, 473n

  Eisenhower, Milton, 44

  11th Armored Cavalry Regiment, U.S., 236, 318

  11th Light Infantry Brigade, U.S., 294

  Eliot, George Fielding, 35, 45, 210, 212, 500n

  Elliott, David, 507n

  Ellis, John, 87–88, 481n, 485n

  Ellsberg, Daniel, 270

  El Salvador, 426

  Elsenborn Ridge, Battle of, 4

  Elsey, George, 498n

  Elton, Robert, 493n, 495n, 496n

  Emerson, Henry, 124, 486n

  English, John, 109, 475n, 485n

  Enter the Dragon (Spurr), 166

  Ewell, Julian, 316, 516n

  “Experience in Command and Battle Deaths,” 279

  Ezell, Robert, 159–60

  Faith, Don, Jr., 136–39, 141–44, 145, 146, 148, 159, 370

  leadership failure of, 169–70

  Faith, John, 391, 526n

  Falaise pocket, 362–63

  Falk, Sayce, 532n

  Falklands War, 70

  Fallon, William, 430

  fascism, 28

  of Willoughby, 140–41

  Fautua, David, 494n

  Fay, George, 529n

  Fehrenbach, T. R., 176, 492n, 494n

  Ferguson, Ernest, 499n

  Ferrari, John, 390

  Ferrell, Robert, 482n, 483n, 484n, 498n, 502n

  Fick, Nathaniel, 405, 528n

  V Corps, U.S., 56

  5th Infantry Division, U.S., 22

  5th Marine Regiment, U.S., 136, 151–52, 160–61, 163, 164, 173

  5th Mechanized Division, Iraqi, 377

  15th Evacuation Hospital, U.S., 60

  15th Infantry Regiment, U.S., 74, 177, 340

  Fighter Weapons School (Top Gun), 338

  Fiji, 46

  Filkins, Dexter, 423, 530n

  Finkel, Meir, 91, 482n

  Fire Support Base Mary Ann massacre, 329–30

  1st Armored Division, U.S., 56, 76, 111, 379, 414–15

  First Army, U.S., 6, 92, 111

  1st Cavalry Division, U.S., 187, 316

  I Corps, U.S., 184

  1st Infantry Division (Big Red One), U.S., 3, 23, 60, 75, 77–79, 110, 111, 241–42, 245, 246, 247, 250, 251, 270, 273, 318

  1st Marine Division, U.S., 132, 139, 148, 155–59, 162, 164, 167–68, 170

  1st Marine Motor Transport Battalion, U.S., 147

  Fisher, Eddie, 4

  502nd Infantry Regiment, U.S., 428

  flexible response, 209

  FM 22–100 (field manual), 211–12

  FM 100–5 (field manual), 344–48, 356

  Foreign Affairs, 383

  Fort Benning, 45, 208, 331, 344

  Airborne School of, 235

  Infantry School of, 124, 177

  Fort Bragg, 209

  Fort Dix, 207

  Fort Donelson, 38

  Fort Douglas, 19

  Fort Leavenworth, 331–32, 348, 356, 388

  Cushman’s symposia at, 341–44

  Fort Ord, 352

  Fort Sam Houston, 40

  Fort Sill, 56

  Fort Ticonderoga, 22

  Fortune, 212–13

  Foster, Chad, 388

  Fourth Army, U.S., 187

  4th Infantry Division, U.S., 304, 413, 422, 443

  42nd Infantry (Rainbow) Division, U.S., 96

  45th Infantry Division, U.S., 4, 66, 114, 520n

  409th Sapper Battalion, Viet Cong, 329–30

  Fox Company, 7th Marine Regiment, U.S., 159, 161, 168, 174

  France, 23, 24, 29, 36, 42, 83, 130

  France, Donald, 139

  Franco, Francisco, 140

  Frank, Benis, 492n, 509n

  Frank, Richard, 472n

  Frankfurter, Felix, 34

  Franks, Frederick M. Jr., 380–82, 525n

  Franks, Tommy R., 9, 31, 343, 359, 396, 397–404, 411, 414, 440, 447, 527n, 528n

  civi-military discourse and, 403–4

  Cushman on, 398

  failure of, 398–401

  leadership of, 402–3

  memoir of, 402–3, 404

  Operation Anaconda and, 399–401

  political career of, 418–19

  political nature of war and, 397–98

  Tora Bora battle and, 398–99, 403

  Fredendall, Lloyd, 18, 57, 58, 75, 182

  relief of, 51–52, 54–55

  Frederick, Jim, 428, 530n

  Frizzell, Donaldson, 510n, 517n

  Fulton, William, 249

  Funderburk, Raymond, 475n

  Gabriel, Richard, 517n

  Gallipoli, Battle of, 69

  Ganderson, Martin, 514n

  Garfield, James, 115

  Garland, Albert, 479n, 510n, 511n

  Gates, Henry Louis, Jr., 370, 523n

  Gates, Horatio, 22

  Gates, John, 239, 284, 504n, 508n, 511n

  Gates, Robert, 430, 436, 440, 443, 445

  Gavin, James, 50, 63, 67, 118, 203, 485n

  Marshall system criticized by, 109–10

  Gay, Hobart “Hap,” 186–87

  Gelb, Leslie, 503n

  Gelb, Norman, 83, 480n, 481n

  Gembara, Vivian, 422, 424, 530n

  General Electric, 449

  General Motors Corporation, 203

  generalship:

  accountability and, 213, 445

  brigadier level of, 9

  chain of command and, 152–53

  civil-military relations and, 252–59

  corporate mode of, 117–18, 204–5

  education and, 420–21

  “feel of battle” and, 67–68

  of MacArthur, 125–26, 127, 130–31

  Marshall’s approach to, 38–39

  Marshall system and, 10–11

  personality and, 7–9

  prebattle decisions and, 151–52

  presidency and, 114–16

  SAMS training and, 357–59

  Simpson and ideal of, 108

  successful, 43

  team playing and, 26–27, 37–38

  traits required for, 9–10, 24–27, 57–58

  Yingling’s critique of, 441–44

  see also strategy

  General’s Life, A (Bradley), 479n

  George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies, 444

  Germany, Federal Republic of (West Germany), 347

  Germany, Nazi, 18

  Kristallnacht in, 27

  Germany, occupied, 119

  Gerow, Leonard, 43–44, 53–54

  Giap, Vo Nguyen, 260

  Gibbons, William Conrad, 512n

  Gillem, Alvan, 107

  Gillon, Steven, 471n

  Ginder, P. D., 2–3, 5

  Gittinger, Ted, 503n, 505n

  Gladstone, William, 448

  Glass, Carter, 112

  Glover, Rupert, 497n

  Godsil, Russell, 414–15

  Góis Monteiro, Pedro Aurélio de, 32

  Goldich, Robert, 383r />
  Goldman, Russell, 479n

  Gole, Henry, 6, 213, 337–38, 346, 467n, 468n, 474n, 499n, 500n, 501n, 505n, 519n, 521n

  Gonzalez, Ernest, 159

  Gooch, John, 493n

  Goodpaster, Andrew, 207, 499n, 502n

  Goodwin, Donald, 518n

  Goodwin, Doris Kearns, 252, 258, 291, 506n, 507n, 512n

  Goodwood, Operation, 82

  Goolrick, Robert E. M., 112

  Gordon, Andrew, 489n

  Gordon, Michael, 376, 380–81, 524n, 525n

  Gore, Al, 526n

  Gorman, Paul, 246, 276, 317–18, 338, 447, 467n, 505n, 510n, 516n, 519n

  Goulden, Joseph, 487n, 488n

  Graff, Henry, 230, 503n

  Graham, Donald, 248

  Graham, Miles, 481n

  Grant, Ulysses S., 26, 38, 114

  Grau, Lester, 528n

  Gray, Colin, 393, 527n

  Great Britain, 24, 49, 83, 238

  Great Depression, 46

  Greenfield, Kent Roberts, 478n

  Griffith, Thomas, Jr., 469n

  Griswold, Oscar, 100

  Guadalcanal, Battle of, 173

  Guam, 150

  Guderian, Heinz, 29

  Gugeler, Russell A., 476n, 490n

  Gulf of Tonkin incident, 256

  Gulf War of 1991, 335, 339, 346, 349, 398, 462, 526n

  air campaign in, 373–75, 377

  as the anti–Vietnam War, 372, 384–86

  assessment of, 384–85

  Cheney’s intervention in, 376

  civil-military divide and, 382–83

  containment phase in aftermath of, 386–87

  failure of U.S. generalship in, 377

  ground offensive in, 377–78, 379

  Israel and, 375–76

  Khafji battle in, 376–77

  Medina Ridge battle in, 379

  no-fly zones and, 387

  Powell-Schwarzkopf exchanges in, 377–78

  proposed rotation system in, 373

  relief issue in, 362–63, 365, 379–82

  SAMS-trained officers in, 358–59

  Saudi Arabia in, 376–77

  Schwarzkopf as commander in, 371–74

  Schwarzkopf-Franks clash in, 380–82

  Scud missiles in, 375–76

  Shiite uprising in, 383

  termination of, 382–83, 386

  Weinberger Doctrine and, 372–73

  Haditha massacre, 427

  Hagood, Johnson, 19

  Haig, Alexander, Jr., 115, 122, 246, 266, 303, 335–36, 486n, 505n, 519n

  Haislip, Wade Hampton “Ham,” 79, 186, 480n, 496n

  Haiti, 389

  Haldeman, H. R., 335, 519n

  Hamilton, David, 477n, 478n

  Hamilton, Nigel, 475n

  Hammer, Richard, 513n

  Hammond, Jeffery, 443

  Hammond, William, 486n

  Hannibal, 57

  Hansen, Laurence, 481n

  Harding, Edwin, 17

  Harkins, Paul, 221, 229–30, 231, 291, 462

  Harmon, Ernest, 50, 56–57, 59, 107, 111, 476n, 484n, 485n

  Harrell, Margaret, 530n

  Harriman, Averell, 125

  Harrington, Myron, 292

  Harrison, Benjamin, 115

  Harrison, Gordon, 467n

  Harrison, William, 114

  Hart, B. H. Liddell, 481n

  Hart, Jessica, 532n

  Harvard Business School, 235, 248

  Hauser, William, 517n, 518n

  Hawaii, 46

  Hayes, Rutherford B., 114

  Hayne, Frank, 485n

  Hazen, David, 513n, 515n

  Hearst Newspapers, 201

  Hébert, Edward, 308

  Heinl, Robert D., 498n

  Henderson, Oran, 298, 300–302, 305, 306, 514n

  My Lai report of, 301–2

  Hennessy, Michael, 269, 508n

  Henry, William, 204, 499n

  Herbert, Paul, 342, 344, 346–47, 348, 520n, 521n

  Hermes, Walter G., 509n

  Herring, George, 509n

  Herrington, Alan, 135

  Herrington, Stuart, 249, 506n

  Hersh, Seymour, 513n

  Hess, Jerry, 482n

  Hickey, Doyle, 184

  Hitler, Adolf, 27

  Hix, Bill, 426

  Hixson, Walter, 516n

  Hobbs, Joseph, 474n, 475n, 476n, 477n

  Ho Chi Minh Trail, 271, 274

  Hodes, “Hammerin’ Hank,” 138, 143, 149

  Hodges, Courtney, 50, 79, 111

  Hodson, Kenneth, 308

  Holbrooke, Richard, 290

  Holcomb, Bankson, 492n

  Holgrun, Peter, 158

  Holland, Matthew, 474n

  Hollingsworth, James, 243–44, 520n

  Holloway, Charles, Jr., 162, 164, 488n, 492n, 493n

  Holmes, David, 280, 510n

  Holmes, Oliver Wendell, 151

  Hooker, Joseph, 22

  Hoover, Herbert, 61, 103, 126

  Hopkins, Harry, 483n

  Hopkins, William, 158, 488n, 492n, 497n

  Horan, Becca, 504n

  Horne, Alistair, 481n

  House of Representatives, U.S., 461

  Armed Services Committee of, 362

  Hovell, Bergen, 502n

  Howard, Michael, 285, 450, 532n

  Hue, Battle of, 283

  Huebner, Clarence, 50, 77–78, 474n, 485n

  Hue massacre, 292

  Hunt, H. L., 198

  Hunt, John, 245

  Hunt, Richard, 272, 509n

  Huong Van Ba, 282, 323

  Hürtgen Forest, Battle of, 4

  Hussein, Qusay, 435

  Hussein, Saddam, 362, 372–73, 383–84, 386–87, 402, 410, 526n

  Hussein, Uday, 435

  Imparato, Edward, 497n

  Indian wars, 19

  Infantry, 213

  Infantry Journal, 43

  Information Age, 385, 389, 451, 455

  Instant Thunder campaign, Operation, 373

  Iran, 48, 367

  hostage rescue debacle in, 361

  Iraq conflict and, 526n

  Iran-Contra scandal, 370

  Iraq war, 7, 8, 11, 12, 18, 31, 118, 248, 271, 272, 319, 335, 337, 343, 349, 361, 372, 387, 401, 462

  Afghan war as sideshow to, 438–39

  Black Hearts incident in, 427–29

  civil-military divide and, 403–4, 411–13, 432, 434–35, 487n

  civil war in, 429–30

  counterinsurgency in, 420–21, 436–37

  Curveball (defector) and, 395–96

  democracy mission in, 412–13

  in Franks’s memoir, 402–3, 404

  Haditha massacre in, 427

  insurgency in, 393–94, 398, 415, 417, 429–30, 437

  Joint Chiefs and, 412, 417

  leadership failure in, 419–22, 429

  Petraeus’s revamped policy in, 433–34, 436

  Powell’s UN speech and, 394–96

  relief of Dowdy in, 405–7

  relief policy in, 421–25, 432

  rotation policy in, 456

  Sunni-Shiite conflict in, 436–38

  “surge” in, 424, 436

  U.S. generalship in, 410–12

  WMDs and, 416

  Irish, Kerry, 483n–84n

  Irving, Frederick, 37

  Isby, David, 531n

  iso
lationism, 28, 99, 167

  Israel, 374

  Gulf War and, 375

  Italy, 37, 153

  Anzio landings in, 68–71, 132, 381

  Salerno landings in, 65–66, 69

  Iwo Jima, Battle of, 173–74

  Jackson, Andrew, 114

  Jackson, Jonathan, 486n

  Jackson, Thomas J. “Stonewall,” 19, 22, 26, 33

  Jaffe, Greg, 531n

  James, D. Clayton, 476n, 483n, 484n, 488n, 489n, 491n, 498n

  Japan, 46, 104, 119, 190, 384

  U.S. occupation of, 126

  Jensen, Richard, 497n

  Jeter, John, 184–85

  Joffre, Joseph, 23, 470n

  John Birch Society, 115

  Johnson, Harold K., 123, 185, 189, 231–32, 248, 250, 258, 263, 276, 295, 332, 505n, 506n

  DePuy’s conflict with, 242–47

  Johnson, Louis, 30, 128

  Johnson, Lyndon B., 13, 99–100, 105, 202, 220–21, 229, 235, 254, 268, 289, 319, 321, 332

  civil-military relations and, 252–53

  escalation strategy and, 205

  Joint Chiefs excoriated by, 256–58, 325–26

  Reserves decision of, 317

  running in 1968 campaign declined by, 291

  Westmoreland’s relationship with, 237, 290–91

  Johnson, Richard, 78, 479n

  Johnson, Shoshana, 406

  Johnson Administration, 416

  Joint Chiefs of Staff, U.S., 12, 13, 31, 91, 116, 129, 131–32, 142, 158, 159, 174–75, 208, 234, 237, 247, 262, 290, 372, 374, 394, 433, 435, 436, 445, 447–48, 457

  failure of, to confront LBJ, 256–58, 367–68, 371

  Iraq war and, 412, 417

  Kennedy’s distrust of, 220–22

  Korean War debate in, 190–91, 193, 197–98

  Powell as chairman of, 367–68, 371

  Taylor and dissent memo of, 256–57, 258

  Taylor as chairman of, 220–22

  Vietnam conflict and, 222, 227–29

  Joint Readiness Training Center ( JRTC), 353

  Jones, Charles W., 507n

  Jones, Seth, 530n, 531n

  Jones, Steven, 211, 392, 422, 451, 500n, 527n, 530n, 532n

  Jordan, Amos, 232

  Jordan, Earle, 146

  Jordan, Jonathan, 480n

  Junction City operation, 270

  Jungle Warfare School, British, 260–61

  Kaplan, Fred, 531n

  Karnow, Stanley, 235, 504n

  Karp, Walter, 498n

  Karpinski, Janis, 415

  Kasserine Pass, Battle of, 53, 56, 233

  Kean, William, 186–87

  Keane, Jack, 388, 430, 434–35

  Keegan, George, 281, 510n

  Keegan, John, 470n

  Keiser, Laurence, 133, 185, 187

  Kellen, Konrad, 512n

  Kelly, John, 406–7

  Kelly, Justin, 525n

  Kelly, Robert, 160

  Kennedy, David, 471n

 

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