The Pioneers
Page 32
“And are you Ephraim Cutler’s daughter!”: Crawford, “Rufus Putnam and His Pioneer Life in the Northwest,” Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society, New Series, Vol. 12, 1899, 453.
“My sun is far past its meridian”: Rufus Putnam to the Grand Lodge of Masons, Masonic Eclectic, Vol. 3, 1867, 276.
“Dr. Cutler and General Putnam”: Williams, History of Washington County, Ohio, 34.
Rufus Putnam’s last will and testament: A copy of Putnam’s will and estate inventory were kindly provided to the author by Bill Reynolds of the Campus Martius Museum in Marietta, Ohio.
“General Lafayette”: Andrews and Hathaway, History of Marietta and Washington County, Ohio, 228–29.
“I knew them well”: Cutler, Life and Times of Ephraim Cutler, 203.
“practically the whole population”: Galbreath, “Lafayette’s Visit to the Ohio Valley States,” Ohio History Journal, Vol. 29, No. 1, January 1920, 245.
And so to Barker he turned to design: Southwick, “S. P. Hildreth and His Home,” Ohio Historical Quarterly, Vol. 64, No. 1, January 1955.
“We passed nearly an hour”: Waters, The History of St. Luke’s Church, Marietta, Ohio, 33.
“So far as I am able to form a judgment”: Ephraim Cutler to Sally Parker Cutler, December 21, 1823, Cutler, Life and Times of Ephraim Cutler, 139.
“put constantly on the defensive”: Ephraim Cutler to Sally Parker Cutler, January 15, 1824, ibid., 140.
“a fine man”: Ephraim Cutler to Sally Parker Cutler, December 28, 1824, ibid., 154.
“schools and education shall be forever encouraged”: Poole, The Ordinance of 1787 and Dr. Manasseh Cutler as an Agent in Its Formation, 34.
“enterprising”: Andrews and Hathaway, History of Marietta and Washington County, Ohio, Vol. 1, 312.
David Putnam: Ibid., 208.
“keep school”: Knight, “History of Educational Progress in Ohio,” in Howe, Historical Collections of Ohio, An Encyclopedia of the State, Vol. 1, 1889, 141.
“discretion”: Cutler, Life and Times of Ephraim Cutler, 44.
“as to pour out our thoughts to one we love”: Ephraim Cutler to Sally Parker Cutler, April 4, 1808, Ephraim Cutler Papers, MCSC.
“incessantly”: Ephraim Cutler to Sally Parker Cutler, January 15, 1824, Cutler, Life and Times of Ephraim Cutler, 141.
“You know when my mind is intensely engaged”: Ephraim Cutler to Sally Parker Cutler, January 17, 1824, ibid., 141.
“entirely insufficient”: Ephraim Cutler to Sally Parker Cutler, January 19, 1824, ibid.
“To say that I am concerned”: Sally Parker Cutler to Ephraim Cutler, December 26, 1824, Ephraim Cutler Papers, MCSC.
“dashed to the ground”: Ephraim Cutler to Sally Parker Cutler, February 12, 1824, Cutler, Life and Times of Ephraim Cutler, 143.
“These matters”: Ibid., 142.
“favorite wish of my heart”: Ephraim Cutler to Sally Parker Cutler, December 28, 1824, ibid., 154.
“Dear Sir—You are doing nobly”: Caleb Atwater to Ephraim Cutler, January 22, 1825, ibid., 165–66.
“I have little doubt the revenue law”: Ephraim Cutler to Sally Parker Cutler, January 23, 1825, ibid., 166–67.
“Lord, now lettest thou thy servant”: Ephraim Cutler, ibid., 168.
“the blessings of an enlightened education”: Ephraim Cutler speech, August 11, 1824, ibid., 178.
“a considerable number of strangers”: Meeting of the Agricultural Show Committee, October 20, 1829, as reported in American Friend and Marietta Gazette, November 28, 1829, MCSC.
“the snowy whiteness and handsomely ornamented corners”: Ibid.
“It is said that certain epochs in the history of nations”: Ephraim Cutler, October 20, 1829, Cutler, Life and Times of Ephraim Cutler, 198. Only portions of Ephraim Cutler’s speech were included in Life and Times. For a full rendition of Cutler’s speech, see the American Friend and Marietta Gazette, November 28, 1829, MCSC.
“a natural outgrowth”: Williams, History of Washington County, Ohio: With Illustrations and Biographical Sketches, 397.
“genuine college of the New England type”: Ibid., 400.
9. The Travelers
“The use of traveling is to regulate imagination by reality”: Curley, Samuel Johnson and the Age of Travel, 49.
“The autumns of every part of our country are beautiful”: Flint, Recollections of the Last Ten Years, 19.
“There is something, too, in the gentle”: Ibid., 27–28.
“Our passage down the river”: Buckingham, The Eastern and Western States of America, Vol. 2, 237–38.
“and when we had put out into the middle of the river”: Martineau, Retrospect of Western Travel, Vol. 2, 35–36.
“truly does ‘La Belle Rivière’ ”: Trollope, Domestic Manners of the Americans, 47.
“Trollope’s folly”: Foster, Ohio Frontier: An Anthology of Early Writings, 188.
“reality”: Trollope, Domestic Manners of the Americans, 106.
“spoken openly by all”: Ibid., 73.
“All men are born free and equal”: Ibid.
“mischievous sophistry”: Ibid.
“every trace”: Ibid., 106.
“the detestable mosquitoes”: Ibid., 90.
“There is no charm, no grace”: Ibid., 56.
“all work and no play”: Ibid., 244.
“I am quite serious”: Forster, The Life of Charles Dickens, Vol. 1, 1812–1842, 376.
“All the passengers are very dismal”: Dickens, A Thousand Gems from Charles Dickens, F. G. De Fontane, ed., 490.
“the general absence of neatness and cleanliness”: Buckingham, The Eastern and Western States of America, Vol. 2, 446.
“Where slavery sits brooding”: Tambling, Lost in the American City, 43.
“They will owe their origin”: Tocqueville, Democracy in America, trans., Henry Reeve, Vol. 2, 315.
“You call upon a gentleman”: Dickens, A Thousand Gems from Charles Dickens, 197.
“ardent spirits”: Trollope, Domestic Manners of the Americans, 105.
“the free and unrestrained use of ardent spirits”: Clark, Gleanings by the Way, 1801–1843, 1842, 84.
“necessity of life”: Howe, Historical Collections of Ohio, Vol. 3, 524.
“their red noses, blotched cheeks”: Hildreth, Genealogical and Biographical Sketches, 48.
“Here I found a number of neighbors”: Journal of John Mathews, November 11, 1786, Hildreth, Pioneer History, 177.
“graphically described”: Ibid., 177–78.
“At dinner, there is nothing to drink upon the table”: Dickens, A Thousand Gems from Charles Dickens, 490.
“propriety and necessity”: Cutler, Life and Times of Ephraim Cutler, 269.
“beautiful . . . cheerful, thriving”: Dickens, Pictures from Italy and American Notes, 347.
“intelligent, courteous, and agreeable”: Ibid., 349.
“particularly pleased”: Ibid., 347–48.
“Nor did I ever once, on any occasion”: Dickens, Pictures from Italy and American Notes, 331.
“as to the gentlemen in traveling”: Martineau, Society in America, Vol. 2, 129.
“scraped away without mercy”: Cuming, Cuming’s Tour to the Western Country, 1807–1809, 208.
“found a dozen stout young fellows”: Ibid., 210.
“If the American character may be judged”: Trollope, Domestic Manners of the Americans, 180.
“a moving account of their strong attachment”: Dickens, Pictures from Italy and American Notes, 381.
Hildreth journey to Cleveland: Hildreth, Genealogical and Biographical Sketches, 211–93.
“In the short space of 55 years”: Ibid., 217.
“To a person unacquainted with the grandeur”: Ibid.
“angry billows”: Ibid., 218.
“rested from our labors”: Ibid.
“one dense, continuous forest”: Hildreth, Pioneer History, 484.
“On the bottoms, or all
uviums”: Ibid., 485–86.
“Arrived at the harbor”: Hildreth, Genealogical and Biographical Sketches, 220.
“As we approached the falls”: Ibid., 221.
“or a mile in two minutes”: Ibid., 225.
“very grand”: Ibid., 227.
“very striking and annoying”: Ibid., 229.
“The Path Finder”: Fulton and Thomson, Benjamin Silliman: Pathfinder in American Science, 1779–1864, 1949.
Hildreth report to Benjamin Silliman on shells and grapes: See letters of Samuel Hildreth to Benjamin Silliman, October 14, 1833, July 21, 1835, and June 9, 1835, Silliman Family Papers, Sterling Library, Yale University.
“vast period of time to hollow”: Hildreth, Observations on the Bituminous Coal and Deposits of the Valley of the Ohio, and the Accompanying Rock Strata, 4.
“recognize the enormous amount”: Annual Report: United States National Museum, 330.
“classic neatness”: Hildreth, Genealogical and Biographical Sketches, 230.
“imposing”: Ibid.
“richly endowed by nature physically as he was mentally”: See sketch of Silliman in Dictionary of American Biography, Vol. 17, 162.
“Death loses half its terrors”: Hildreth, Genealogical and Biographical Sketches, 230.
“without ready means of support”: Trumbull, Autobiography of John Trumbull, 10.
“very interesting”: Hildreth, Genealogical and Biographical Sketches, 231.
“very large”: Ibid.
“All the avails of the exhibitions of this gallery”: Ibid., 232.
“superior to that of any other in America”: Ibid.
“exceedingly rare and beautiful”: Ibid.
“He is now 84 years old”: Ibid., 232–33.
“very extensive”: Ibid., 236.
“My wife is highly gratified with the visit”: Ibid., 265.
“Examined with much interest”: Ibid., 246.
“the beautiful Delaware”: Ibid., 280.
“Here we were drawn up”: Ibid., 285–86.
“Pittsburgh is a very dirty”: Hildreth, Pioneer History, 289.
“We found the family all well”: Hildreth, Genealogical and Biographical Sketches, 293.
“We often think and speak”: Samuel Hildreth to Benjamin Silliman, January 20, 1840, Silliman Family Papers, Sterling Library, Yale University.
“Let no New England man ever visit”: Marietta Intelligencer, September 5, 1839, MCSC.
10. Journey’s End
“I am glad to have Pa”: Julia Perkins Cutler to William Parker Cutler, November 14, 1843, MCSC.
“I have had rather an eventful life”: Cutler, Life and Times of Ephraim Cutler, 1.
“admirable talkers”: Ibid., 264.
“most satisfactory to themselves”: Ibid.
When in the summer of 1843: Boston Emancipator and Free Press, August 24, 1843; Ohio State Journal, October 17, 1843.
“Old Man Eloquent”: Levy, John Quincy Adams, 95.
“My task is to turn this transit gust”: Adams, Memoirs of John Quincy Adams: Comprising Portions of His Diary, 1795–1848, Vol. 11, 1876, Charles Francis Adams, ed., 409.
His plan was to leave his home: For Adams’s diary account of his journey to Cincinnati, Marietta, and Pittsburgh, see the Diaries of John Quincy Adams, Adams Family Papers, October 25, 1843–November 16, 1843, Massachusetts Historical Society, Boston, Massachusetts. See also Ohio State Journal, September 20, 1843, November 2, 1843; Scioto Gazette, October 27, 1843.
“There is no uniformity in human life”: Adams, Memoirs of John Quincy Adams, Vol. 11, 413.
“a complimentary address”: Ibid., 425. For additional accounts of Adams’s visit to Cincinnati, see Cincinnati Daily Commercial, November 7, 1843, and Ohio State Journal, November 7, 1843.
“Worn down with fatigue, anxiety, and shame”: Ibid., 425.
“covered with an auditory of umbrellas”: Ibid., 426.
“Light House of the Skies!”: Traub, John Quincy Adams: Militant Spirit, 503.
“In hospitality, he was unsurpassed”: Hildreth, Memoirs of the Early Pioneer Settlers of Ohio, 462; Catherine Barker Memoirs, Vol. 11, 1880, 27, MCSC.
It was yet another rainy day: For weather, see account book of Samuel Hildreth, Hildreth Papers, MCSC.
“taken a deep interest in the whole west”: Adams, Memoirs of John Quincy Adams, Vol. 11, 432.
“From this source”: Williams, History of Washington County, Ohio, 433.
“wisdom and firmness”: Cutler, Life and Times of Ephraim Cutler, 195.
“I saw the tears gather in his eyes”: Ibid., 196.
“Jack is a very handsome Negro”: Items from Marietta, Ohio, newspapers 1825–1853 compiled in the MCSC.
“very handsome”: Ibid.
Sam “very black” and “free and easy” to talk to: Ibid.
“conductors”: Banta, The Ohio, 462.
“magnificent reception”: Adams, Memoirs of John Quincy Adams, Vol. 11, 433.
“My strength is prostrated”: Parsons, John Quincy Adams, 259.
“We have never seen a family that were united by stronger”: Cutler, Life and Times of Ephraim Cutler, 270–71.
“retiring disposition”: Ibid., 280.
“Pa’s health has been better this winter”: Julia Perkins Cutler to William Parker Cutler, January 13, 1846, Ephraim Cutler Papers, MCSC.
“The stage left Marietta at 11 o’clock”: Cutler, Life and Times of Ephraim Cutler, 281–82.
“Let us glance around the hall of the lower house”: Ibid., 282.
“a lively manner, joy respecting your success”: Ephraim Cutler to William Cutler, December 29, 1946, Ephraim Cutler Papers, MCSC.
“How little did we anticipate”: William Parker Cutler to Julia Perkins Cutler, January 1, 1847, MCSC.
“A year ago we had not heard of the gold”: Julia Perkins Cutler Journals, March 26, 1849, MCSC.
“to think of his dying away from home and friends”: Julia Perkins Cutler Journals, June 16, 1849, MCSC.
Marietta population 1850: Baldwin and Thomas, Gazetteer of the United States, 658.
first established Catholic church: Andrews and Hathaway, History of Marietta and Washington County, Ohio, 366–67.
“the best shaded town in the state”: Howe, Historical Collections of Ohio, Vol. 2, 787.
“monopolize”: Hildreth, Genealogical and Biographical Sketches, 200.
“be ever honorably associated with the early history”: Benjamin Silliman to Samuel Hildreth, February 13, 1851, 223, MCSC.
“The doctor’s excellent and highly cultivated taste”: Julia Perkins Cutler Journals, July 24, 1838, MCSC.
“We did not intend to have any guests”: Julia Perkins Cutler Journals, November 23, 1848, MCSC.
“My health and strength have thus far sustained me”: Ephraim Cutler to William Parker Cutler, May 22, 1850, Ephraim Cutler Papers, MCSC.
Harriet Beecher Stowe: McCullough, Brave Companions, 37–51.
“public enemy”: Cutler, Life and Times of Ephraim Cutler, 341.
“plundering everybody without fear or favor”: Andrews and Hathaway, History of Marietta and Washington County, Ohio, 593.
“We are getting accustomed to warlike sights and sounds”: Julia Perkins Cutler Journals, July 23, 1863, Ephraim Cutler Papers, MCSC.
“In his private life”: Silliman, “Obituary,” American Journal of Science and Arts, Vol. 36, November 1863, 313.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Manuscript and Archival Sources
Special Collections and Archives, Legacy Library, Marietta College, Marietta, Ohio (hereinafter abbreviated MCSC)
Joseph Barker Papers
Ephraim Cutler Family Papers
Samuel Hildreth Papers
Ichabod Nye Papers
Ohio Company Papers
Rufus Putnam Papers
William Rufus Putnam Papers
The following newspapers held by the Marietta College Library were also used:
<
br /> American Friend and Marietta Gazette
Marietta Intelligencer
Marietta Register
The Ohio Gazette, and Virginia Herald
Ohio Herald
Ohio Statesman
Western Spectator
Special Collections and Archives, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
Manasseh Cutler Papers
Ohio History Connection, State Historical Society, Columbus, Ohio
Campus Martius Collection
Putnam Family Papers
Backus-Woodbridge Collection
Special Collections and Archives, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
Manasseh Cutler Papers (microfilm edition)
Senator John Heinz Pennsylvania History Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Ebenezer Denny Papers
Special Collections, Brown University Library, Providence, Rhode Island
Drowne Family Papers
Massachusetts Historical Society, Boston, Massachusetts
Winthrop Sargent Papers
Sterling Library, Special Collections and Archives, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
Silliman Family Papers
American Antiquarian Society, Worcester, Massachusetts
Early American Newspaper Collection
Books
Abernethy, Thomas Perkins. The Burr Conspiracy. New York: Oxford University Press, 1954.
Adams Family Correspondence. Vol. 9, Margaret A. Hogan, C. James Taylor, et al., eds. Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2009.
Adams, John Quincy. Memoirs of John Quincy Adams: Comprising Portions of His Diary, 1795–1848. Vol. 11. Charles Francis Adams, ed. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1876.
Allman, C. B. The Life and Times of Lewis Wetzel. New York: Devin-Adair, 1961.
Ambler, Charles Henry. History of Transportation in the Ohio Valley. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1970.
American National Biography. Vol. 5. John A. Garraty and Mark C. Carnes, eds., New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.
Andrews, Martin R., and Seymour J. Hathaway. History of Marietta and Washington County, Ohio and Representative Citizens. La Crosse, WI: Brookhaven Press, 2003.
Annual Report: United States National Museum. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1906.
Ashe, Thomas. Travels in America, Performed in 1806. London: Edmund M. Blunt, 1808.