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The Righteous: The Unsung Heroes of the Holocaust

Page 53

by Gilbert, Martin


  Liem, Jean-Louis and Betty: rescuers

  Lille (France): a Dutch escape route through

  Lillehammer (Norway): Jews in hiding in

  Limbourg (Belgium): a Jewish girl in hiding in

  Limburg province (Holland): rescuers from

  Limoges (France): Jews smuggled to; a Jewish family given shelter near

  Lindenberg, Renée: saved, xvii

  Lingens-Reiner, Ella: saves a Jewish girl; helps a Jew escape, and punished

  Lipke, Alfred: helps his father hide Jews

  Lipke, Janis: saves Jews

  Lipke, Johanna: helps her husband hide Jews

  Liptovsky St Mikulas (Slovakia): refuge in

  Liszewski, Wladyslaw: helps Jews in hiding

  Lithuania: paucity of rescuers in, xvii; Jews flee through; and Vilna; acts of rescue in

  Lithuanian Nationalists: murder a rescuer of Jews

  Lithuanians: and collaboration: xix

  Litka (a rescuer’s daughter):

  Lito, Dr Spiro: intercedes on behalf of Jews

  Litovsky, Fira: given shelter

  Litovsky, Masha: in hiding

  Litvin family: in hiding

  Liwarek, Rosa (Lady Lipworth): the saga of her rescue

  Lobith-Tolkamer (Holland): rescuers in

  Lodz (Poland): a rescuer from; deportations to

  Lomna (Eastern Galicia): Jewish girls hidden in

  Lomza (Poland): Jews in hiding in villages near

  Londner-Conforti, Dora: given shelter

  London (England): a Righteous Polish couple honoured in; testimony about two Righteous Poles given in; a Righteous Dutch woman honoured in

  Loosdrecht (Holland): a Zionist kibbutz at

  ‘L’Or, Josie’: an assumed identity

  Lorraine: refugees from, in hiding with Jews

  Louvain (Belgium): Jews hidden in

  ‘Loverina, Maria’: an assumed identity

  Lowenthal, Isidore and Régine: smuggled into Switzerland

  Löwi family (from Germany): given refuge in Italy

  Lowy, Temi: found refuge

  Lubartow (Poland): Jews in hiding in

  Lubbeek (Belgium): six Jewish girls in hiding at; Photo

  Lubetkin, Zivia: and Polish weaponry given to Jews; given shelter

  Lublin (Poland): Council for Assistance to the Jews in

  Luckner, Gertrud: helps Jews

  Ludwikowski, Alojzy: helps Jews

  Luisa, Maria de: finds a place of refuge for her former employers

  Lukiszki Prison (Vilna): two Jews released from

  Lukow (Poland): acts of betrayal at

  Lund, Sigrid: helps Jews

  Luserna San Giovanni (Italy): a Jewish family given refuge in

  Lushnja (Albania): Jews find refuge in

  Lustig, Hana (Hana Greenfield): recalls ‘good people’ near a slave labour camp

  Lustig, finds refuge

  Lutheran Evangelical Church (Slovakia): protests

  Lutherans: save Jews, xvi

  Lutjen family: rescuers, in Holland

  Lutsk (Poland): murder and rescue in

  Lutz, Carl: his rescue efforts in Budapest; remains in Budapest; provides a safe haven in his bomb shelter; his stepdaughter reflects on his motivation; Photo

  Lutz, Gertrude: helps her husband in Budapest

  Luxembourg: and two rescuers

  Luzzati, Adriana: in hiding

  Lvov (Eastern Galicia): acts of rescue in; rescuers on trial in; and a sewer hiding place; and an orphanage hiding place; a survivor from; refugees from; a rescuer’s journey to; Council for Assistance to the Jews in; an escapee from; German rescuers in; Italian soldiers in, help Jews

  Lyons (France): rescue efforts in, and around; a rescuer imprisoned in; a journey through, to safety; order for arrest of Jews cancelled in

  Lyrer, Eugen: helps shelter Jewish children

  Maastricht (Holland): rescuers in

  Macedonia: Jews deported from; Italian consular protection in

  Macenavicius, Antanas and Maria: save Jews

  Machay, the Reverend Dr Ferdynand: gives shelter

  Madritsch, Julius: a Righteous Austrian, in Poland

  Maglione, Cardinal: reports ‘gross infraction’ of principles

  Mahler, Selik and Salomon: helped to escape

  Mährisch-Ostrau (Moravska Ostrava, Czechoslovakia): Emilie Schindler’s mission of mercy to

  Majdanek concentration camp (German-occupied Poland):; a Polish prisoner in, helps Jewish prisoners

  Malach, Madame: and her Italian rescuer

  Malickis (husband and wife): save Jews

  Malines (Belgium): a detention camp at; medical help in a convent at; a Jewish couple find safety in; deportations from

  Malle, Louis: his film tribute to a rescuer

  Maltzan, Countess Maria von: helps Jews, and hides Jews

  Mandil, Irena and Gavra: in hiding, with their rescuers, Photo

  Manielewicz, Celina: rescued, after a massacre

  Manker, Khemie and Lily: saved

  Mann, Gertrude (Gertrude Krol-Mann): smuggled out of Holland

  Mannheim (Germany): a young deportee from a village near, hidden and saved

  Mantoudis, Michael and Adamantia: hide a family of Greek Jews

  Maplewood (New Jersey): a rescuer commemorated in

  Marcinelles (Belgium): two Jewish boys in hiding in

  Marconi, Monsignor Giuseppe: intervenes to help Jews

  margarine and sausages: in a labour camp

  Margoshes, Dr S.: meets a ‘legendary’ rescuer

  Maria and Stefan (husband and wife): rescuers

  Marianne and Adèle (Catholic sisters): give refuge to two Jewish children

  Maribor (Slovenia): Jewish girls helped in

  ‘Marina and Gilberto Carnazzi’: an assumed identity

  Marienburg (East Prussia): British rescuers from a prisoner-of-war camp at

  marmalade: a gift of

  Marneffe (Belgium): internment at

  Marquet, Abbé: helps Jews

  Marseilles (France): Jews helped to leave; Jews hidden in; a route to safety through

  Marszalkowska Street (Warsaw): refuge near

  Marten family (Belgium): shelters Jews

  Masing, Dr Uku and Eha: save a Jewish student

  Masse, Albert: saves a nine-year-old Jewish boy

  Masutti family: help a Jewish family

  Mat, Abbé: his acts of rescue

  Matassini (an Italian peasant): helps a Jewish family

  Matusiewicz, Josef and Paulina: shelter a Jewish girl

  Matuson, Sara: saved by British prisoners of war

  Matuszynski family: given shelter

  Maurits, Willem and Jeanne: Dutch rescuers

  Maury, Monseigneur Jean-Baptiste: helps save Jewish children

  Mauthausen concentration camp: a rescuer deported to; deportation of Jews to; and a warning in Holland; deportations to, from Budapest; Jewish women released from, and taken to Switzerland; a train reaches Switzerland from, Photo

  Maxwell, Dr Elisabeth: reflects on rescue, xx; describes an ecumenical rescue effort; describes a Belgian rescuer; describes the rescue activities of a nun in a concentration camp

  Mayer, Hans and Nel: look after Jewish children

  Mazia, Frieda: witnesses an execution

  Meed, Benjamin: reflects on rescue

  Meed, Vladka: reflects on rescue; records acts of rescue

  Meijer family: in hiding

  Melamed, Joseph: recalls clergymen who rescued Jews

  Memel: a German from, and an act of kindness in Dachau

  Mende (France): a Jewish girl at school at

  Mendes, Aristides de Sousa: helps Jews

  Mendon, Madame: saves two Jewish children

  Mersi, Captain Lucillo: helps Jews in Greece

  Methodists: help Jews

  Metz (France): refugees from, given false identity cards

  Metz, Loekie: a Jewish girl, and a Dutch rescuer
/>   Meulemeester family: Belgian rescuers

  Meyer, Ernie: writes about a Righteous German Army officer

  Meyers, Odette: in hiding

  Miami (Florida): a survivor visits

  Michalewska, Marja: helps Jews to survive

  Michalowice (Poland): execution of Righteous Poles at

  Michman, Dr Jozeph: writes about Dutch rescuers

  Miessen, Heinrich: helps Jews in Holland

  Mihai (Michael), King of Romania: his mother’s pressure on

  Mikulai, Gusztav: saves Jews in Budapest

  Milan (Italy): deportation and rescue in

  Milanowek (near Warsaw): Council for Assistance to the Jews moves to

  Milch, Baruch: saved, amid betrayal and slaughter

  Milford, Charles (Klaus Mühlfelder): reflects on a protest in Berlin

  Milis Institute (Prague): the head of, helps Jews

  Millau (France): a Jewish girl in hiding in

  Millieux, Roger: hides two Jews

  Milowski, Helena and Waclaw: hide a Jewish couple

  Milowski, Lucek: brings Jews water

  Minneapolis (Minnesota): a survivor speaks in

  Minsk (Byelorussia): rescue in

  Minsk Mazowiecki (Poland): a rescuer in

  Mironiuk, Okseniya: saves a Jew

  Mironiuk, Sawko: saves a Jew

  Mirow (Poland): water brought from

  Misiuna, Wladislaw: his courageous act

  Miskolc (Hungary): an act of rescue in; a ‘miracle’ in

  Mitrani-Andreoli family: give shelter to a Jewish boy

  Mizhantz (eastern Poland): a Jew finds shelter in

  Mizocz (eastern Poland): slaughter in, and an act of rescue; and a Righteous German

  Mkrtchyan, Arakel: saves two Jews

  Mkrtchyan, Vartan: saves Jews, but later killed in action

  Modena (Italy): a Jewish boy given refuge in

  Modlin (Poland): survival in

  Modra (Slovakia): Jewish children given refuge in

  Mogilevskyi family: in hiding

  Momignies (Belgium): two Jewish boys given sanctuary in

  Moncalieri (Italy): a Jewish family given refuge in

  Monowitz (East Upper Silesia): see Buna-

  Monowitz Mons (Belgium): and a Jewish girl in hiding

  ‘Monsieur Albert’: an assumed identity

  Mont César (Belgium): rescue work at

  Montauban (France): a defiant French engine driver at; an energetic cyclist at

  Monte Subasio (Italy): an escape to safety at

  Montefalco (Italy): Jews given refuge in

  Mopty, Pierre: helps Jews escape

  Morand, Joseph and Leonie: rescuers

  Moreali, Giuseppe: an Italian rescuer

  Morgan, Keith: records a story of rescue

  Mornet, Professor Daniel: a rescuer

  Morpurgo, Marcello: rescued, in Italy, with his family

  Moscow (Soviet Union): Wallenberg taken to

  Moscow Declaration (1943): and Austria

  Moser, Rudl: an Austrian rescuer

  Moses: saved, xv–xvi; and a Dutch baby saved in a basket

  Moskalik, Krystyna: a rescuer

  Mostar (Bosnia): an escape to

  Mother Maria: see Skobtsova, Elizabeth

  motivation: and rescue

  Motor Vehicle Repair Park (Vilna): and a German rescuer

  Motzko, Bruno: a rescuer

  Mount Zion (Jerusalem): and Oskar Schindler, xv

  ‘Moustache’ (a German soldier): his cruelty

  Mozes, Gustel: finds refuge in Holland

  Muchman, Beatrice and Henri: given safe haven

  Mulder, Marguerite: a Dutch rescuer

  Müller, Heinrich: persuaded to let fourteen Jews leave Germany; two protests to, about Italian refusal to share German view of ‘the Jewish question’

  Munkacs (Hungary): a Jewish boy saved in

  Munnik, Albert: and his new ‘son’

  Munnik, Nora: ‘my new…“sister”’

  Munnik, Violette: a rescuer, in Holland

  Murt, Mother Marie-Angélique: a rescuer

  Muslims: save Jews, xvi; help Jews

  Mussolini, Benito: his anti-Jewish laws; a German protest to, about ‘pro-Jewish zeal’ of Italian officials in France; overthrown

  Musya (a Jewish woman): saved

  Mylner, Gitele: saved

  Myrtle (a Norwegian woman): helps Jews

  Myto (Czechoslovakia): Jewish children smuggled to

  Naef, Roesli: protects Jewish children

  Nagy, Laszlo: helps provide shelter

  Nakonieszny, Jan: hides five Jews

  Naktiel, Alida: finds a refuge for her child

  Naktiel, Siny: found a safe haven

  Namur (Belgium): refuge in a monastery in; Jews hidden in

  Nansen, Odd: helps Jews escape

  Naples (Italy): Allies land south of

  Napoleon Square (Cracow): and a blackmail note

  Natalia (a Jewish woman): saved in Warsaw

  National Agency for Children (Belgium): the director of, saves many Jewish children

  Naumiestis (Lithuania): a Jewish girl saved in

  Nazi Party: a member of, unwittingly employs a Jew; a member of, helps Jews

  Nazi-Soviet Pact (August 1939): and Eastern Galicia

  Nek, Sister Felicja: saves a Jewish girl

  Nel (a Dutch woman): helps hide a Jewish girl

  Neofit of Vidin: protests

  Neri, Emilio: saves Jews, in Salonika

  Netherlands, the: see Holland

  Neuengamme concentration camp: a rescuer dies in

  Neugraben (near Hamburg): and ‘good people’ near a slave labour camp

  Neumann, Dr Ziga: a refugee from Zagreb, hidden in Italy

  Nèvejean, Yvonne: saves many Jewish children

  New Jersey (USA): a gathering in, to commemorate a rescuer

  New York: ‘Hidden Children’ gather in, xvi; a reunion in; help for rescuers from; a survivor in; seven orphaned children, previously in hiding, reach, Photo

  New York Times: and a report on a Belgian rescuer; and a rescuer commemorated; and the reunion between a father and son

  Niccaci, Father Rufino: saves Jews in Assisi

  Nice (France): safe haven in, disrupted

  Nicholls, Stephen: records Righteous acts in Pomerania

  Nickel, Maria: her Righteous act

  Nicolai (a Russian prisoner of war): in hiding

  Nicolini, Bishop of Assisi: saves Jews

  Nieuwlande (Holland): Jewish children from Amsterdam found hiding places in

  Nieuw Vennep (Holland): a rescuer in

  Nilsen, Pastor: helps Jews

  Nisenbaum, Maria: given shelter

  Nitsch, Mathilda: helps Jews to escape

  Noble, Tommy: helps save a Jewish girl

  Nojar, Mieczyslaw: saved

  Nonantola (Italy): Jewish refugee children given refuge in; Jewish children taken to Switzerland from

  Normandy Landings (1944):

  North Sea: Jews smuggled across

  Norway: round-ups in, xix; acts of rescue in

  Norwegian Lutheran Church: bishops of, protest

  Norwegian Resistance: helps Jews; thanked

  Novel (France): a crossing point into Switzerland

  Novozybkov (Russia): nine Jews saved in

  Nowacka, Helena: hidden with her baby son

  Nowak, Felicja: given refuge

  Nowak, Ludwig and Aniela: their act of rescue

  Nowogrodek (eastern Poland): escapees from, rescued

  Nowy Dwor (Poland): the fate of a priest in; a German helps a Jewish girl reach

  Nozyk Synagogue (Warsaw): the cantor of, rescued on a Death March

  Nunspeet (Holland): rescuers in

  Nuovo (Pesaro, Italy): a hiding place at

  Nuremberg Trials: a German witness at

  Oberlungwitz (Germany): a ‘righteous man’ in

  O’Brien, Agnes: receives an award for her
sister

  Occupied Zone (of France):; Jews smuggled out of

  Ocskay, Captain Laszlo: saves Jews, in Budapest

  Odler, Szaje: given sanctuary, then murdered

  Oegstgeest (Holland): a Jewish girl in hiding in

  Oesterweiler (a Jew): saved by a German

  Olczak, Genowefa (Genia): a rescuer

  ‘Old Testaments’: and French defiance

  Old Town (Warsaw): Jews hidden in

  Oliner, Samuel: finds refuge; reflects on the altruistic behaviour of the Righteous

  Olsza (a suburb of Cracow): and a rescuer

  Olszewicz, Moishe: saved

  Oolbekking, Hein and Jeanne: hide a Jewish girl

  Opalka, Mr: provides false identity papers

  Opdyke, Irene Gut: helps Jewish women

  Opinja (‘Opinion’): a Jewish newspaper

  Oppenheim, Dr A. N.: seeks recognition for a British woman

  Oradour-sur-Glane (France): rescue and destruction at

  Orange (France): and an assumed identity

  Order of St Basil: nuns of, shelter three Jewish boys

  Orlender, Zygmund: given shelter, with his sister

  Orsi, Hermine: hides Jews

  Oster, Colonel: helps a Righteous German

  Ostrog (eastern Poland): a Jewish family saved in; and a Righteous German

  Ostrowiak, Anna: recalls two ‘decent’ German soldiers; recalls acts of kindness

  Ott, Emma: helps shelter Jewish children

  Otter, Baron Göran von: passes on details of mass murder

  Ottignies (Belgium): a school in, saves twenty Jewish children; two more Jewish children given sanctuary in

  Otwock (near Warsaw): a nun keeps a ‘terrible secret’ at

  Our Lady of Zion Convent (Rome): shelters more than a hundred Jews

  Ovart, Madame: her courage, and her fate

  Overduijn, Leendert: a Dutch pastor, and rescuer, heads a rescue organization

  Ozhenitsa (Poland): a Jew seeks refuge in

  Paasche, Joachim: and his wife’s defiance

  Padrabé (Lithuania): rescuers in

  Page, Anthony: directs a film about a rescuer

  Pais, Dr Abraham: his release secured

  Pajewski, Teodor: helps a Jewish historian

  Palatucci, Giovanni: helps five hundred Jews, then sent to Dachau

  Palazzini, Pietro (later Cardinal): saves Jews in Rome

  Paldiel, Mordecai: and a Lithuanian rescuer; and Polish rescuers; and German rescuers; and a German rescuer in Holland; and a German rescuer in Poland; and the rescuers of Albania; and a ‘turning point’ in Roman Catholic attitudes; and a French rescuer; and the people of Le Chambon; his own rescuer; and a Belgian village; and a Belgian boarding school; and a Dutch rescuer; and a Hungarian rescuer; and Raoul Wallenberg; and an Italian rescuer, in Budapest; reflects on the behaviour of the Righteous; and the ‘moral duty’ of honouring the rescuers; and the ‘bright and shining side of man’

 

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