Corsair

by Tim Severin

  Chabrillan fixed the clerk with a questioning stare. ‘So why do you think they were condemned to the oar?’

  The clerk shifted uneasily. ‘It’s hard to say, sir,’ he answered after a short pause. ‘My guess is that they are Protestants, those who call themselves the Reformed. They have made problems for those of the Apostolic and Roman faith.’

  ‘Excellent. The Reformed make reliable oarsmen. They are serious and honest men compared to the usual felons and rogues who are condemned to the oar. I shall be glad to have them aboard,’ and without another word, Adrien Chabrillan left.

  ‘HECTOR, did you find out anything more about where your sister might be?’ asked Dan as he wriggled his shoulders inside the red and black woollen prison jacket he had just received from the Arsenal stores. Clothes issued to prisoners came in just two sizes, small and large, and the Miskito’s jacket was too tight on him. It was a warm afternoon in early summer and the two friends, together with Bourdon the pickpocket and a dozen Turks taken captive from the Izzet Darya, were being led along the Marseilles quay by an elderly warder whose relaxed manner indicated that he did not believe they would try to escape.

  ‘I asked everyone I could for information about where the Barbary corsairs land and sell their captives, but I didn’t learn anything more than I already knew. She could have been landed in any one of half a dozen ports,’ Hector answered. He too was uncomfortable in his new clothes. In Algiers he had grown used to loose-fitting Moorish clothing and, working in the Arsenal, he and Dan had continued to wear the garments they had been wearing when captured. Now his legs felt constrained by the stiff canvas trousers issued by the Arsenal stores. The trousers fastened with buttons down the outer seams so that they could be put on over leg chains while his other new garments – two long shirts, two smocks in addition to a jacket, and a heavy hooded cloak of ox wool – could all be put on over his head. He had also been issued with a stout leather belt, which was there not just to hold up his trousers. It was fitted with a heavy metal hook over which he could loop his leg chain while he was at work so that leg irons did not hamper him. ‘I wrote a letter to an old friend of my father’s, a clergyman in Ireland who had been a prisoner of the Moors. I asked him if he had heard anything. But when I tried to send the letter, I was told that prisoners in the Arsenal were forbidden from communicating with the outside world. I had enclosed a note for my mother in case she is still living in Ireland, though I suspect she has moved back to Spain to live with her own people. Maybe she has heard directly from my sister. It’s impossible to know. Life as a convict galerien in the Arsenal is as cut off from the outside world as being a slave in the Algiers bagnio.’

  ‘Maybe that will change now that we’re being transferred to a galley,’ Dan tried to cheer up his friend.

  ‘I doubt it. Look over there,’ Hector nodded towards the far side of the docks. ‘Aren’t those the masts and spars of galleys? At least ten, I would say. All neatly lined up side by side.’

  ‘Which one’s ours?’

  ‘Can’t tell from this distance. But I heard that she’s hired to the royal Galley Corps by her commander who’s a Knight of one of the Orders. It’s being said that he is a fire-eater and his premier comite is a cold-hearted tyrant.’

  ‘Maybe someone aboard her can give you the information you’re looking for,’ Dan responded. As usual he was quick to point out the best possible outcome. ‘Don’t the Knights take their galley slaves and convicts from wherever they can get them?’

  ‘That’s true. I’ve not given up hope of tracing Elizabeth. The thought of finding her helps to keep me going. I sometimes wonder why you never get discouraged.’

  Dan gave his companion a steady look. ‘I have often thought about my homeland and the mission I was given by my people, but when that sour-faced man from London came to Algiers to ransom the English prisoners and he refused to help me, I realised the world is a much larger and more complicated place than the Miskito imagine. Now I’m resigned to the fact that I am unlikely ever to deliver the council’s message to the King of England. Yet I feel that my travels may turn out to be for my people’s benefit. Something tells me that I will surely get back home. When I do, I intend to bring something worthwhile with me.’

  The prisoners had turned the corner of the harbour basin, and were approaching what looked like a busy pedlars’ market. The wharf was covered with open-sided stands and booths which served as shops and stalls. As the convicts threaded their way between the booths, Hector saw men repairing shoes and doing metalwork, butchers and barbers, tailors, a man making hats, and stallholders selling every conceivable item from haberdashery to pots and pans. For some odd reason nearly every stall had dozens of pairs of knitted socks for sale, which hung up like strings of onions. Looking more closely, Hector realised that every one of the stall holders was a galerien.

  ‘Same old junk,’ Bourdon spoke up. ‘I wouldn’t be surprised if some of those goods were on sale when I was last here.’ The pickpocket was staring hard into the face of a man standing by a barrow on which lay a strange mixture of items – a pair of scissors, several fine handkerchiefs, some carved buttons, a snuff box, and various small articles which Hector could not immediately identify. ‘Some of the vendors are no different either.’

  Hector saw the stallholder’s right eyelid flicker very slightly as he winked at Bourdon.

  ‘Who is he?’ he whispered to Bourdon.

  ‘A thief like myself,’ came back the quiet reply. ‘I would say that he also fences stolen goods on the side, though it looks as if trade is a bit thin at the moment.’

  ‘But how . . .’ began Hector. They had paused while the Arsenal warder stopped to examine some lace on sale in one of the stalls.

  ‘These baraques?’ said Bourdon. ‘They’re run by the comites of the galleys. The port officials rent the stalls to the comites from the galleys, and the comites then put their galeriens into the booths to staff them. If the galerien has a useful skill, a carpenter or lacemaker for instance, he conducts his trade from the baraque, and the townsfolk come there for his services. Any money he earns is handed over to the comite. If he’s lucky, the comite may let him keep a bit of it for himself. But if the galerien doesn’t have a trade, then he has to learn to make himself useful in some other ways. That’s why you see so many knitted socks. The comites hand out wool and knitting needles to their most useless galeriens, and they have to take up knitting. Naturally the comites claim that by keeping the galeriens busy in port they are less likely to make trouble. But of course the main reason is that the comites earn a nice living from their charges.’

  He gave Hector a nudge. ‘Look. Over there. That’s someone who’s either so clumsy or so stubborn that he cannot earn his comite any money, at least not yet.’ Hector saw a man dressed in a galerien’s parti-coloured uniform. He was wearing leg irons and cradling a cannonball in his arms. ‘His premier comite will make him carry that cannonball around until he learns something that’ll earn a bit of money,’ Bourdon explained.

  Their easy-going guard had finished at the lacemaker’s stall and was strolling towards the far end of the quay. There he turned aside and pushed his way between two booths to bring his charges before what Hector thought for a fleeting moment was a fairground tent of blue and white striped canvas. It took a second glance to establish that the tent was a great canopy which covered the full length of a 26-bench war galley of the first class.

  A halberdier stood on sentry duty at the foot of the gangplank. Dressed entirely in scarlet and white, from the red stocking cap on his head to his spotless red breeches with a contrasting white belt and coat lapels, he came smartly to attention, and bawled out at the top of his voice – ‘Pass the word for the premier comite!’ From somewhere inside the huge tent the call was repeated, and Hector heard the summons passing down the length of the galley. Then came a pause filled with the incessant background noise of the shoppers at the baraques, the mewling of the gulls, and the distant shouts of watermen. F
inally, after a delay of about five minutes while Hector and the other prisoners waited patiently on the quay, a man appeared at the head of the gangplank and stood there, quietly surveying them. Dangling from a cord around his neck was a silver whistle which glinted in the sun.

  Hector was taken by surprise. He had expected a rough brute of a man, violent and coarse. But the man who now stood looking them over had the appearance of a mild-mannered shopkeeper. He was of medium height and dressed in sober dark clothing. He would have passed unnoticed on the street except for his skin, which was uncommonly pale, and the fact that his close-cropped hair was a light sand colour. He did not wear a wig. ‘That will be all, warder. You may leave the prisoners with me and return to your work,’ the comite spoke quietly, barely raising his voice, yet every word carried clearly. His duty done, the elderly guard strolled off. But the comite made no move. He stayed at the head of the gangplank, gazing down on the prisoners, judging them. ‘You are joining the galley St Gerassimus, and from now on you belong to her,’ he announced. ‘My name is Piecourt, and I am the premier comite, so you also belong to me. Serve the vessel well and you will become proud of her. Serve her badly, and you will regret the day you were born.’ He spoke in French with an Italian accent. Then, to Hector’s surprise, he repeated his warning, this time in fluent Turkish. Hector felt the odjaks around him stir uneasily. A moment later, Piecourt was repeating his caution a third time, using lingua franca. Aware of the impression he had made, the premier comite of the St Gerassimus reached for the silver whistle hanging around his neck and held it up for them to see. ‘From now on the only language that matters to you is the language of this whistle, because this whistle is my voice. Everything you do will be controlled by it. You will soon be like dogs, the best-trained dogs. Obedient dogs are fed and cared for; disobedient dogs are whipped. Remember that.’

  Without turning, Piecourt called back over his shoulder – ‘Rowing master Yakup! New recruits for the oar. Introduce them to their benches.’

  This time the creature who emerged from beneath the canvas awning was what Hector had anticipated, a broad-set, squat, dark-skinned man with a shaven head, enormously developed shoulder muscles, naked to the waist and wearing a pair of loose drawers. Also he sported a luxuriant mustache. Branded on his forehead was an eight-pointed cross. Hector deduced that St Gerassimus’s rowing master was a Christianised Turk, a renegade who had scarred on himself the symbol of the Knights.

  ‘Get in line, tallest to the rear!’ Yakup demanded, padding barefoot down the gangplank. Bourdon hesitated for a moment and opened his mouth to speak. Immediately the rowing master casually cuffed the pickpocket on the side of the head. The blow seemed lightweight, but the Frenchman gave a gasp and nearly fell. ‘You heard what the comite said, no chattering.’ Confused as to what they were meant to do, the prisoners milled around until they were in some sort of order. Hector, smaller than most of the prisoners, found himself near the head of the little column which followed the rowing master up the gangplank and on to the St Gerassimus.

  His first impression was that the galley was identical to Turgut Reis’s Izzet Darya, but then he realised that St Gerassimus was less ornate, more workmanlike. The blue and white canopy was held above head level on posts and under it three or four dozen of her crew were hard at work. Some were scrubbing and cleaning the woodwork, others were industriously splicing and mending ropes, and one squad had formed a human chain to empty one of the vessel’s stores, handing up boxes and bales through a hatch and stacking them neatly amidships. Hector followed the rowing master almost halfway up the central gangway, heading towards the galley’s bows, before he identified what was unusual. There were upwards of sixty men aboard, yet there was no sound of human voices. The men were working in total silence. Whenever one of them looked up from his chores to glance at the new arrivals, he took only the quickest glance before hurriedly looking back down again at his work. The quiet aboard St Gerassimus was eerie.

  Yakup came level with the last half-dozen oar benches, halted, and turned to face the prisoners. As they advanced towards him in single file along the narrow gangway, the rowing master pointed to one side or the other, indicating to which bench each prisoner should go. Hector stepped down from the gangway to his bench and, looking back, saw that his new overseer was distributing the prisoners in balanced groups, so that each rowing bench had at a mix of large and small oarsmen, old and young. The last man assigned to each bench was an odjak. ‘Tomorrow you begin to learn. Now you clean,’ grunted the rowing master. He pulled up the plank which covered the gangway. Beneath was a cavity which served as a locker. From it Yakup extracted a long-handled deck brush and an iron scraper which he tossed to the prisoners. ‘Clean!’ Hector noticed the padded leather covering on the bench where he stood was stained. It appeared to be dried blood. The bulwark next to him was newly patched. Someone had made a temporary repair where, by the look of it, a cannonball or a hail of grapeshot had damaged the vessel.

  ‘Pretend to be busy!’ hissed Bourdon out of the side of his mouth. The pickpocket had been assigned to a place on the bench beside Hector. ‘This is worse than I thought.’

  ‘What do you mean?’ whispered Hector, keeping his head down so that the rowing master could not see his lips move.

  ‘This is a ship of fanatics,’ answered Bourdon. ‘No booze, no rest, plenty of lash.’

  For the rest of the afternoon Hector and the other prisoners worked in silence, scrubbing and cleaning the area around the benches they had been assigned. When they finished, they replaced the brushes, scrapers and swabs into the locker under the gangway, and stowed their spare clothing in the same space. Yakup, who had been hovering on the gangway, suddenly jumped down among them. Bending down he picked up a length of heavy chain lying under the oar bench. One end of the chain was fastened to a beam, and now he threaded the loose end through the leg irons of each man, tethering them to their place. Finally he secured the end to a metal hoop with a heavy padlock. They were chained in place. Pointing to the central gangway he said ‘Coursier!’ Next he slapped the padded seat of the oar bench with his hand and growled ‘Banc, banc trois!’ Placing his foot on a removable board raised about a foot off the deck, he declared ‘Banquette!’ Using this board as a step, he braced his other foot on a wooden bar attached to the oar bench in front, which he called the ‘contre pedagne’. He mimicked rising up with both hands extended as if holding an oar, then falling back with all his weight. ‘Vogue! Tomorrow vogue!’

  The sound of singing interrupted the demonstration. Hector turned to see a column of galeriens shuffling along the gangway. All of them wore leg irons, and the chains between their ankles were looped and held up on their large metal belt hooks. They were singing a hymn as they advanced, and they must have been the galley’s regular oarsmen for they made their way straight to their allocated benches and sat down, five men to a bench. The leader of each group then leaned down and picked up the deck chain by their feet, passed it through their ankle fetters and meekly held up the loose end so that an argousin could come forward and attach a padlock. Only then did the galerians end their hymn, and wait silently.

  A whistle sounded. At the far end of the galley, a figure appeared on the stern deck. It was Piecourt again. ‘A galerien has uttered execrable blasphemies against the Virgin Mary and all the saints in Paradise,’ he said. His soft voice contained a tone of menace which Hector found unsettling. Piecourt descended the short ladder down from the stern deck, and walked along the gangway until he was about a third of the way down the vessel. Turning towards the port side he ordered, ‘Quarterol, strip. Vogue avant administer punishment. Black bastinado.’ Hector watched as the fourth man along the nearest oar bench stood up and began to peel off his shirt. The man’s hands were shaking. An argousin released the padlock on the bench chain so that the half-naked galerien could clamber up on the gangway. There he lay down, face to the deck. His arms and legs were seized and held firm by the oarsmen on the nearest benches so t
hat he was stretched out, spreadeagle across the walkway. Slowly the largest oarsman from his bench climbed up and stood over his prostrate companion. Piecourt handed him a length of tarred rope. Then Piecourt stepped back and waited. The man hefted the rope in his hands. Hector could see that the rope flexed but did not curl. The dried tar, he concluded, must make it almost as stiff as a wooden stave. ‘Strike!’ ordered Piecourt. The oarsman took an upward swing with the rope and brought it down on the victim’s back with all his strength. From where he sat Hector could see the red slash where the blow had cut the flesh. ‘Strike again!’ snapped Pie-court, expressionless. Only after twenty strokes and the victim appeared to have fainted, did the premier comite stop the punishment. ‘Send for the barber surgeon. Vinegar and salt. Then put him in the cable locker till he heals.’

  ‘Doesn’t want the poor bastard to get gangrene and die,’ muttered Bourdon. ‘They never waste a trained oarsman.’

  Hector had been feeling sick to his stomach. ‘Does that happen often?’ he enquired quietly.

  ‘Depends on the premier comite,’ Bourdon told him. ‘Don’t let it put you off your food. That should be next.’

  Another whistle sounded, and this time it signalled the distribution of the evening meal. A small kitchen had been set up on the port side, where the eighteenth bench had been removed. There three galeriens were tending a large cauldron of soup. This broth was now ladled into small buckets and carried along the coursier by trusted galeriens, who slopped the broth into wooden bowls held up by the chained prisoners. Another trusty followed, handing out fist-sized loaves of bread. When the food arrived at Bench Three where Hector waited, he noticed that the big odjak seated nearest to the gangway received a larger portion. Beside him Bourdon whispered, ‘Don’t complain. The vogue avant always gets a larger helping than the others. It’s to keep up his strength. You’ll not begrudge it, I can promise you that. The vogue avant is the key man on the rowing team.’ The pickpocket bit into his bread. ‘At least the food’s good aboard this ship. Something to be thankful for.’