Eve of a Hundred Midnights
Page 36
257 “MacArthur, he said”: Ibid, p. 15.
257 Nevertheless, the military: Lee, They Call It Pacific, p. 160.
260 “The Rock [Corregidor] was teeming”: MJ, “This Is Our Battle,” p. 16.
262 “Help is on the way”: General Douglas MacArthur, “Message from General MacArthur,” January 15, 1942, Miscellaneous Papers, Fort Mills, 1941– 42, “General Correspondence Files Relating to Civilian Employees, 1941–1955,” Records of the Adjutant General’s Office, 1917– [AGO], RG 407, National Archives, College Park, MD.
263 “It is a matter of fact”: AWJF, “With MacArthur: An Eyewitness Report,” Liberty, April 18, 1942, p. 19.
263 Clark Lee would later pointedly: Lee, They Call It Pacific.
263 “subdivision of hell”: AWJF, “With MacArthur,” p. 19.
263 According to a War Department: “FM 30-26,” in Regulations for Correspondents Accompanying U.S. Army Forces in the Field (Washington, D.C.: U.S. War Department, January 21, 1942).
264 “Pressmen are allowed”: MJ, “Bataan Writers Allowed to File 500 Words Daily,” Editor and Publisher, February 7, 1942, p. 7.
264 “In Bataan the troops”: MJ, “Corregidor Cable No. 79,” Field Artillery Journal, The United States Field Artillery Association, Baltimore, MD, Vol. 32, No. 4, p. 267.
264 “The pictures of Bataan”: C. Gerston, “Bataan Wounded,” letter to the editor in Life Magazine, May 11, 1942, p. 4.
265 “Now they’ve gone through weeks”: AWJF, “With MacArthur,” p. 19.
266 The same morning: Colonel Carlos P. I Saw the Fall of the Philippines. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Doran & Co., 1943, p. 92.
267 “They were the sweethearts”: Ibid.
267 “We were of all ages”: Amea Willoughby, I Was on Corregidor: Experiences of an American Official’s Wife in the War-Torn Philippines. New York: Harper & Bros., 1943, p. 134.
268 “That was her only concession”: Fadiman, July 31, 2014 conversation.
269 “eloquent of self-reliance”: Willoughby, I Was on Corregidor, p. 138.
269 “frilly, helpless”: Fadiman, July 31, 2014 conversation.
269 “We were impressed”: Willoughby, I Was on Corregidor, p. 138.
269 More often than not: AWJF, “With MacArthur,” p. 19.
270 Pursuit Hal orchestrated: MJ, “Melbourne Cable (Jacoby No. 1)” (dispatch to DH), April 18, 1942, Melbourne, Australia, p. 1.
271 “Since the troops”: MJ, “Corregidor Cable No. 75” (telegram dispatch to DH). February 7, 1942, Corregidor, the Philippines.
271 Corregidor was “not the best place”: Dunn, Pacific Microphone, p. 160.
272 Her daughter Anne Fadiman would recall: Fadiman, email to the author, January 21, 2013.
272 In their January 2, 1942: Louella O. Parsons, “Ruth Hussey to Play ‘War Bride,’ Story of Honeymoon Under Fire,” Los Angeles Examiner, January 2, 1942.
273 “there could be no Dunkirk”: AWJF, “With MacArthur,” p. 19.
274 In mid-January: Francis B. Sayre, “Confidential for Time Inc.” (telegram), January 15, 1942, Fort Mills, in Francis B. Sayres Papers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
274 “We have informed your families”: DH, telegram to MJ and AWJF, January 21, 1942, New York, NY, in Francis B. Sayres Papers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
274 The first of Mel’s cables: MJ, “Philippines Cable No. 65,” January 18, 1942, Corregidor, the Philippines.
275 Mel’s second “magnificent” dispatch: MJ, “Manila Cable No. 66,” January 18, 1942, with USAFFE headquarters, Corregidor, the Philippines.
276 “On Bataan, Mel”: Melville Jacoby: 1916–1942 (memorial pamphlet), Division of Journalism, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 1942, p. 8.
276 What Mel was hearing: “Jack Can’t Get a Date on His Birthday” (episode synopsis for The Jack Benny Show), available at Jack Benny in the 1940s, “The 1941–1942 Season,” sites.google.com/site/jackbennyinthe1940s/Home/1941-1942-season.
278 “Annalee will be able”: Churchill, “Bull Session,” February 23, 1942.
278 “There is keenest rivalry”: MJ, “Philippines Cable No. 72,” February 1, 1942, Bataan, the Philippines.
279 “Do you want to go”: MJ, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” pp. 1–2.
281 “must have been boiling”: MJ, “This Is Our Battle,” p. 21.
284 “I believe you will make it”: MJ, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 2.
284 “We could say goodbye”: Ibid., p. 1.
285 “I will be very busy”: MJ, “Corregidor cable—Part I” (cable to DH), February 23, 1942, received over telephone from Army Radio, Corregidor, the Philippines.
285 “We sit by”: MJ, “CEBU (Philippines) Cable” (cable to DH), March 17, 1942, somewhere in the Philippines.
286 “impregnable as the mountain”: Ibid., p. 1.
287 “It was hard to realize”: Charles Van Landingham, “Escape from Bataan,” Saturday Evening Post, October 3, 1942, p. 63.
288 “too bright moon”: MJ, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 2.
289 “We talk very little”: Ibid.
Chapter 11: False Convoy
292 “Two Japanese cruisers”: AWJF, “Ours Is Full of Holes,” p. 39.
292 Once scouts: MJ, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 5.
294 “We heard the same thing”: AWJF, “Ours Is Full of Holes,” p. 39.
294 “We stuffed ourselves”: Van Landingham, p. 63.
294 Wine flowed readily: MJ, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 6.
295 “It was warm”: Van Landingham, p. 63.
295 “Each little fishing boat”: MJ, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 6.
296 “Every night on the ship”: AWJF, April 10, 1942 letter.
297 wearing Mickey Mouse: MJ, “CEBU (Philippines) Cable,” p. 7.
297 “They are short on food”: Ibid.
299 On the third day: Lee, They Call It Pacific, p. 255.
300 “We had forgotten there”: Ibid.
300 As soon as the Princesa: MJ, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 6.
300 “Fine. Travelling”: Anne Whitmore, letter to ESM and MM, February 27, 1942.
300 In Los Angeles: MJ, telegram to ESM and MM, February 27, 1942, Cebu, the Philippines.
301 In Barili: Lee, They Call It Pacific, p. 256.
303 “Cebu brought back”: Van Landingham, p. 63.
303 “It is amazing”: MJ, “Background on Cebu” (cable to DH), April 11, 1942.
304 Cebu City seemed: Lee, They Call It Pacific, p. 256.
305 “jittery as race colts”: MJ, “Background on Cebu.”
305 532-foot light cruiser: Bob Hackett and Sander Kingsepp, “IJN Kuma: Tabular Record of Movement” (revision 9), 2014, available at: Junyokan! Stories and Battle Histories of the IJN’s [Imperial Japanese Navy’s] Cruiser Force, combinedfleet.com/kuma_t.htm.
305 The shelling destroyed: Kemp Tolley, “Target: Corregidor,” World War II Journal 5, ed. Ray Merriam (Bennington, VT: Merriam Press, 1999), p. 22.
306 “One [shell] struck”: Van Landingham, p. 63.
306 “postcard beauty”: MJ, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 7.
307 Given as much privacy: Lee, They Call It Pacific, p. 257.
307 Mel described Elza’s gardens: AWJF, “Dear Mother and Dad #2,” letter.
309 “The moon rising, shadows”: MJ, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 7.
309 “progressing as rapidly”: AWJF, Cable to DH, Feb. 28, 1942, Cebu, the Philippines.
311 “All kinds of men make up”: MJ, “Corregidor Cable No. 79,” p. 267.
311 “We keep thinking”: AWJF, April 10, 1942 letter.
312 “Some of the most courageous”: Tolley, p. 22.
312 At first, Cebu: “Report of Army Transport Service in Philippines. 8 Dec 1941–6 May 1942,” Records Relating to War Support Services
, 1941–1947, Records of the Adjutant General’s Office, 1917– [AGO], RG 407, National Archives, College Park, MD.
313 Pons had led: “Blockade Runner: Gallant Captain Outwits Japs in Small Philippine Freighter,” San Francisco Chronicle, November 6, 1942.
313 Colonel Alexander Johnson: Gibson and Gibson, Over Seas, p. 249.
313 Pons, who had been: Van Landingham, p. 65.
313 At 4:00 A.M. on March 10: Lee, They Call It Pacific, p. 259.
315 “Don’t be damn fools”: Ibid., p. 260.
315 Doña Nati’s crew: Fadiman, July 31, 2014 conversation.
316 “cross-legged, cross-fingered”: MJ, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 8.
317 “like a brick chimney”: Ibid.
317 No planes came, but: Van Landingham, p. 63.
318 Pons later said: San Francisco Chronicle, “Blockade Runner.”
318 “To me, the trip”: Van Landingham, p. 65.
320 On that anxious night: Lee, They Call It Pacific, p. 266.
320 Captain Pons told: Ibid., p. 267.
321 “right through a hornet’s”: MJ, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 9.
321 Pons was trying to: San Francisco Chronicle, “Blockade Runner.”
322 Annalee filed: MJ, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 9.
322 “I only wish”: DH, letter to ESM, March 16, 1942, New York.
322 On the morning: “USN Deck Log USS Lexington March 1942,” USN Deck Logs, Records of the Bureau of Naval Personnel, 1798–2007, RG 24, National Archives, College Park, MD.
323 “With little to do”: MJ, “This Is Our Battle” (unpublished manuscript), March 18, 1942, Somewhere at Sea, p. 1.
324 that same night: USS Lexington Deck Log.
325 Mel noted that none: MJ, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 10.
325 Crewmen played: Ibid.
325 “I wish I knew”: DH, memorandum to F. D. Pratt, Time Inc., March 30, 1942, New York, NY, p. 1.
326 Around the same time: DH, letter to Selective Service headquarters, Local Board 98, March 23, 1942.
326 “We had come far enough”: MJ, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 11.
327 “Our first glimpse of the country”: Ibid.
Chapter 12: “Almost Too Good to Be True”
328 “No details yet”: DH, March 30, 1942 memorandum, p. 1.
329 Shortly after the Doña Nati: MJ, “Personal Statement by Alien Passenger,” Commonwealth of Australia.
329 After filling out the forms: Lee, They Call It Pacific, p. 269.
330 “In Bataan at night”: MJ, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 1.
331 “I found, you know”: THW, letter to family, June 12, 1942, somewhere in the Indian Ocean, copy courtesy of Heyden White Rostow.
332 “Time’s Corregidor correspondent”: THW, cable to Robert Haas and Bennett Cerf, undated (April, 1942), Melbourne, Australia.
332 “There are a lot of familiar”: MJ, “Melbourne Cable” (cable to DH), April 9, 1942.
332 “Unbelievably in months”: “Philippine Epic” (Composite Story), Life, April 13, 1942.
334 All the comforts: AWJF, April 10, 1942 letter.
335 “At last Bataan fell”: “Bataan Wounded Lived with Pain,” Life, April 20, 1942, p. 33.
335 “If ever men were”: MJ, “Melbourne Cable,” p. 1.
336 “In Australia we saw”: AWJF, “Ours Is Full of Holes,” p. 39.
336 “Being married is wonderful”: AWJF, April 10, 1942 letter.
338 But when the announcer: March of Time, radio rebroadcast, May 17, 1942.
339 “Indeed, it was a case”: Allison Ind, Bataan: The Judgment Seat, New York: Macmillan, 1944, p. 373.
340 “short hop”: Lee, They Call It Pacific, radio adaptation from “Words at War,” NBC, July 10, 1943, available at: archive.org/details/WordsAtWar_995.
340 Two days before: “Jacoby, M., Correspondent Killed in Crash, Gave His $1,600 Savings to Chinese Relief,” Evening Star (Washington, D.C.), April 30, 1942.
340 Before Mel left: Romulo, p. 315.
341 “[Mel and Annalee] had”: Diller, February 2, 1944 letter.
342 “had narrow escapes”: MJ, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 12.
343 “We heard of unspeakable”: Romulo, p. 314
343 “I hope something”: MJ, cable to DH, April 8, 1942, Melbourne, Australia.
344 “manly, handsome”: Ind, p. 375.
344 “especially dark”: AWJF, cable to DH, May 28, 1942, p. 4.
346 Lieutenant Jack Dale: Bob Alford, Darwin’s Air War: 1942–1945: An Illustrated History (Knoxville, TN: Coleman’s Printing, 2011).
348 Colonel Ind recounted: Ind., p. 377.
Chapter 13: Soldier of the Press
349 Early in the morning: AWJF, telegram to ESM, April 30, 1942, Melbourne, Australia.
351 But Annalee was furious: Fadiman, July 31, 2014 conversation.
352 “Mel’s career was”: THW, letter to ESM, May 28, 1942, p. 2, Melbourne, Australia.
352 “I think that those last weeks”: Fadiman, July 31, 2014 conversation.
352 “When we heard”: THW, May 28, 1942 letter, p. 2.
352 Finally, one afternoon: THW, letter to Mary White, June 12, 1942, Somewhere in the Indian Ocean, p. 1.
354 “There is nothing”: AWJF, letter to ESM, date unknown (probably late May or June 1942).
355 “There was so many”: Ibid.
356 She instantly felt: AWJF, “Dear Mother and Dad #2.”
357 “spent an hour in a movie”: Ibid.
359 He died almost immediately: “Whitmore Rites Today” (news clipping from unknown publication), October 1942.
359 Tom Seller: Thomas Seller, letter to ESM, January 24, 1943, p. 1.
359 1943 Veronica Lake: “So Proudly We Hail: Realistic Story in the Philippines Draws on ‘LIFE’ Pictures for Authentic Detail,” Life, October 4, 1943, p. 69.
360 On the afternoon: C. Mydans, personal notes, “Dec. 31, 1943,” in Notebook 6 (courtesy of the Mydans’ family).
361 Shortly after Leland’s: S. Mydans, “Book-of-the-Month Author,” p. 6.
361 Among the interned: Fadiman, July 31, 2014 conversation.
361 Annalee persuaded her mother: Fadiman, email to the author, August 1, 2014.
362 “She would really have”: Fadiman, July 31, 2014 conversation.
362 writing Pacific and Asia: S. Mydans, “Annalee Jacoby,” p. 6.
363 “Inflation had increased”: MacKinnon and Friesen, China Reporting, p. 51.
363 “After all this censorship”: Fadiman, July 31, 2014.
365 “It was more than destiny”: “Philippine Epic.”
365 “Somehow, I feel there”: THW, letter to ESM, May 29, 1947, New York, NY, p. 2.
366 “It was a remarkable”: Walter Sullivan, “1983: . . . The Crucial 1940’s,” Nieman Reports (Spring 1983), niemanreports.org/articles/1983-the-crucial-1940s/.
366 In 1985, Annalee: “Memories Come Flooding Back as Chongqing Is Revisited,” China Daily, April 10, 1985, chinadaily.com.cn/epaper/html/cd/1985/198504/19850410/19850410004_1.html.
367 But Annalee: Fadiman, July 31, 2014 conversation.
368 “There is a tremendous”: MJ, letter to HRL, January 28, 1942, Corregidor, the Philippines.
368 “I’ve often wondered”: Fadiman, July 31, 2014 conversation.
Epilogue
372 “I remember it like”: Peggy S. Cole, interview, May 30, 2013.
373 “He was wealthy, handsome”: Ibid.
INDEX
The pagination of this electronic edition does not match the edition from which it was created. To locate a specific passage, please use your e-book reader’s search tools.
Abend, Hallett, 64–65, 116, 147, 149
Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA), 133–35
American Clipper, 160–65
American Volunteer Group (Flying Tigers), 118, 178–79, 226
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br /> Andy Hardy Meets Debutante (film), 135–36, 137, 138–39
anti-Communism, 363, 364
Arcadia conference (1942), 262
Asia magazine, 149, 177–78
Austerland, Shirlee, 53, 58, 78, 93, 110–11, 120–21, 156
Australia sojourn, 328–38
arrival, 328–31
fall of Bataan and, 334–36
MJ’s Darwin trip planning, 339–44
reporting, 332–34, 337
Bai Chongxi (Pai Chung-hsi), 26
Barnett, Eugene E., 145
Barnett, Robert, 359
Bataan Death March, 335
Bataan Peninsula, 5–6
air defense, 270–71
surrender of, 334–35
U.S. troops removal to, 5–6, 8, 236, 241, 259–61
“The Battling Bastards of Bataan” (Hewlett), 278
Bean, Nancy, 365
Belden, Jack, 80
Bellaire, Robert, 104, 107, 110, 111, 112
Blaine, James G., 145
Blind Date with Mars (Moats), 115
Brett, Lt. Gen. George, 339
Brines, Russell, 221–22
Buck, Pearl, 145, 157–58, 361
Bulkeley, Lt. John D., 288, 326
Bullitt, William C., 145
Burgess, R. Louis, 134–35
Bush, Chilton, 55, 56, 119, 127, 364
Buss, Claude, 237
Byrd, Maj. Cornelius, 304, 306, 313, 315
Canton, 24
Canuto, Joaquin, 231
Carlson, Evans, 153
Carson, Lew, 308
arrival in Australia, 329
Cebu sojourn, 302, 305, 306, 307, 308
Doña Nati escape, 313, 315
Princesa de Cebu escape, 287, 299–300
Carter, Jack, 30–31
Casey, Gen. Hugh, 242
Catholic Church, 258
Caulfield, Harry, 35–36, 40–41, 43, 48, 148
CBS, 119
Cebu, 279–80, 282
Cebu sojourn, 300–313
Cebu environment, 303–4, 306–7
defenses, 305, 307
escape plans, 309, 312–13
Japanese attack, 305–6
MJ-AWJ relationship during, 307–9
personal radio messages, 300–301, 302–3, 309
photographs of, 308
reporting, 309–11
“This Is Our Battle” book manuscript work, 310