Voodoo Histories: The Role of the Conspiracy Theory in Shaping Modern History
Page 43
11 J. T. Flynn, radio address, March 8, 1941.
12 War Is a Racket, 49-50.
13 Ibid., 55.
14 Founding public statement of the America First Committee, September 4, 1940.
15 Lindbergh, speech, Des Moines, Idaho, September 11, 1941.
16 Charles Lindbergh, The Wartime Journals of Charles Lindbergh, September 18, 1941.
17 Ibid., October 4, 1941.
18 Ibid., December 8, 1941.
19 John T. Flynn, The Final Secret of Pearl Harbor, reproduced at http://geocities.com/Pentagon/6315/flynnfs.html.
20 Ibid.
21 Ibid.
22 Ibid.
23 Gore Vidal, The Last Empire, 260.
24 New York Review of Books, May 17, 2001.
25 Harry Elmer Barnes, Pearl Harbor After a Quarter of a Century, cited in Gordon W. Prange, At Dawn We Slept, 841.
26 John Toland, Infamy: Pearl Harbor and Its Aftermath, 324.
27 Prange, 843.
28 Stephen E. Ambrose, “Writers on the Grassy Knoll,” New York Times, February 2, 1992.
29 Robert Stinnett, Day of Deceit, 5.
30 Stephen Budiansky, “Closing the Book on Pearl Harbor,” Cryptologia, vol. 24, issue 2, April 2000, 119-30.
31 Vidal, 265.
32 Adolf Hitler, speech to Reichstag, December 11, 1941.
33 H. E. Barnes, “Revisionism and the Promotion of Peace,” reprinted in the Journal of Historical Review, Spring 1982.
34 H. E. Barnes, “The Public Stake in Revisionism,” Rampart Journal of Individualist Studies, Summer 1967.
35 H. E. Barnes, “Zionist Fraud,” American Mercury, Fall 1968.
36 For what follows, see John E. Moser, “Gigantic Engines of Propaganda: The 1941 Investigation of Hollywood,” The Historian, Summer 2001.
37 Cited in Eric Bentley, ed., Thirty Years of Treason. Excerpts from Hearings Before the House Committee on Un-American Activities, 1938-1968, 24-25.
38 David M. Oshinsky, A Conspiracy So Immense, 92.
39 Ibid., 140.
40 Ibid.
41 Cited ibid., 105.
42 Cited ibid., 83.
43 Cited ibid., 107.
44 Ibid., 109.
45 Ibid.
46 Senator Joseph McCarthy, speech to the United States Senate, June 14, 1951.
47 John T. Flynn, The Decline of the American Republic and How to Rebuild It.
48 . Oshinsky, 507.
49 Richard Hofstadter, The Paranoid Style in American Politics, 24.
50 Raymond Williams, The County and the City, 9-12.
51 Lawrence Levine, “Frank Capra’s America,” The Journal for Multi-Media History, vol. 2, 1999.
52 Hofstadter, 45.
53 H. E. Barnes, “The Public Stake in Revisionism.”
4. Dead Deities
1 Gerald Posner, Case Closed, 402.
2 Mark Lane, “Defense Brief for Oswald,” National Guardian, December 19, 1963.
3 Cited in I. F. Stone, “The Left and the Warren Commission Report,” I. F. Stone’s Weekly, vol. 13, no. 33, October 5, 1964.
4 Annie Hall, director Woody Allen, 1977.
5 Bill Hicks, Rant in E-Minor, 1997.
6 Todd Gitlin, The Sixties, 311.
7 Richard H. Popkin, “The Second Oswald,” New York Review of Books, July 28, 1966.
8 Ibid.
9 Ibid.
10 Ibid.
11 Ibid.
12 I. F. Stone, “Report.”
13 Sid Blumenthal, ed., Government by Gunplay, Foreword.
14 Ibid., 265.
15 Oglesby, 189.
16 James Di Eugenio and Lisa Pease, eds., The Assassinations, 635.
17 Ibid., 639.
18 Evidence to the Warren Commission, cited in Posner, Case Closed, 113.
19 Warren Commission, Exhibits, vol. 16, 106-16.
20 Di Eugenio and Pease, 314. The most comprehensive history of the Kennedy assassination, debunking subsequent conspiracy theories, is Vincent Bugliosi’s massive 1,600-page Reclaiming History: The Assassination of President John F. Kennedy (New York: W. W. Norton, 2007).
21 . For a full discussion of this, see Posner, chapters 11, 14, 19 and appendices; Vincent Bugliosi, Reclaiming History, 450-512.
22 John K. Lattimer, et al., Journal of the American College of Surgeons, May 1994.
23 Peter Knight, Conspiracy Culture, 83.
24 Ibid., 87.
25 Irving Howe, “The Fate of the Union: Kennedy and After,” New York Review of Books, December 26, 1963.
26 Dwight MacDonald, ibid.
27 Andrew O’Hagan, “St. Marilyn,” London Review of Books, January 6, 1999.
28 Matthew Smith, Victim, 186.
29 Sarah Churchwell, The Many Lives of Marilyn Monroe, 334.
30 Los Angeles Times, August 5, 2005.
31 Anthony Summers, interview with Dan Abrams, MSNBC Television, August 8, 2005.
32 Ibid.
33 Seymour Hersh, The Dark Side of Camelot, 104-5.
34 Robert Sam Anson, Vanity Fair, November 1997.
35 New York Times, September 27, 1997.
36 Smith, Foreword.
37 Churchwell, 328.
38 http://www.larouchepub.com/tv/index.html.
39 Sunday Express, June 23, 2002.
40 Gordon Thomas, Gideon’s Spies, 1.
41 Ibid., 17.
42 “Mugabe ‘Paid Israeli Spy to Frame Opposition Leader,’ ” Independent, July 10, 2002.
43 David Cohen, Diana, Death of a Goddess, 6.
44 Ibid., 219.
45 Ibid., 230.
46 Ibid., 237.
47 Ibid., 236.
48 http://www.cesnur.org/testi/Grace.htm.
49 Richard and Judy, Channel 4, June 15, 2005.
50 Umberto Eco, Foucault’s Pendulum, 200.
51 . Who Killed Diana? Sky One television, August 21, 2006.
52 Stephen Glover, “It Is No Longer Possible to Scoff at the Idea that Diana Was Murdered,” Spectator, October 25, 2003.
53 Colin Randall, Daily Telegraph blog, September 21, 2006.
54 Independent, December 15, 2006.
55 Stephen Bates, Guardian, April 8, 2008.
56 Daniella Relph, February 13, 2008.
57 http://www.scottbaker-inquests.gov.uk.
58 http://www.scottbaker-inquests.gov.uk/hearing_transcripts/230108pm.htm.
59 “Princess DVDiana,” Sunday Mirror, May 25, 2008.
60 Truman Capote, In Cold Blood, 224.
61 Churchwell, 324.
62 Gitlin, 311.
5. A Very British Plot
1 Guardian, March 21, 1994.
2 Judith Cook, Unlawful Killing: The Murder of Hilda Murrell, 18.
3 Ibid., 19-20.
4 Ibid., 13.
5 “Thatcher Makes Falklands Link Attack on ‘Enemy Within,’ ” Times, July 20, 1984.
6 20/20 Vision, “MI5’s Official Secrets,” Channel 4, March 1985.
7 True Spies 3, BBC2, September 2002.
8 True Spies 2, “Something Better Change,” BBC2, September 2002.
9 David McKittrick et al., Lost Lives, 973.
10 Cook, 33.
11 Ibid., 10.
12 Ibid., 36.
13 Laurens Otter, cited ibid., 39.
14 Ibid., 45.
15 Andrew Brown, Guardian, April 13, 2002.
16 Ibid.
17 This and quotations in the following paragraph: Hansard (transcript of parliamentary debates), December 20, 1984.
18 Paul Keel and Richard Norton-Taylor, Guardian, December 21, 1984.
19 Cited in Cook, 112.
20 Ibid., 103.
21 Richard Norton-Taylor, Guardian, April 22, 1985.
22 Cook, 69.
23 Ibid., 73.
24 “Death of an English Rose,” World in Action, Granada television, March 4, 1985.
25 Cook, 183.
26 Ibid., 120.
27 Neil Mackay, “The Hate Machine,” Sunday He
rald, July 2, 2002.
28 http://www.hildamurrell.org/home.htm.
6. Holy Blood, Holy Grail, Holy Shit
1 Daily Telegraph, October 3, 2004.
2 Financial Times, April 8, 2006.
3 Observer, February 26, 2006.
4 For this and what follows, see Michael Baigent, Richard Leigh, and Henry Lincoln, The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail, preface.
5 Time Shift, “The Da Vinci Code—The Greatest Story Ever Told,” BBC4, May 2006.
6 Baigent et al., The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail, preface.
7 Ibid., 12.
8 Ibid., 14.
9 Ibid., 379.
10 Michael Baigent, Richard Leigh, and Henry Lincoln, The Messianic Legacy, 311.
11 Henry Lincoln interviewed in Da Vinci Code Decoded, DVD, 2004.
12 Richard Barber, The Holy Grail, 17.
13 Paul Smith, http://priory-of-sion.com/psp/id174.html.
14 Ibid.
15 Smith, http://priory-of-sion.com/psp/id174.html.
16 Ibid.
17 Ibid.
18 Lincoln, interviewed in Da Vinci Code Decoded.
19 . The Real Da Vinci Code, Channel 4, 2005.
20 Baigent, et al., The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail, 469.
21 Baigent, et al., The Messianic Legacy, 294.
22 Interview with Jonathan Milne, New Zealand Herald, March 12, 2006.
23 Smith, http://priory-of-sion/baigent.html.
24 Spectator, March 25, 2006.
25 Lincoln interviewed in Da Vinci Code Decoded.
26 . Norman Cohn, Warrant for Genocide, 34-35.
27 Baigent, et al., The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail, 200.
28 Ibid., 199-203.
29 Immanuel Velikovsky, Worlds in Collision, viii.
30 Erich von Däniken, In Search of Ancient Gods, 197-98.
31 Erich von Däniken, Chariots of the Gods, 1.
32 http://www.grahamhancock.com/library/sats/default.htm.
33 Graham Hancock, interviewed on Horizon, November 4, 1999.
34 http://www.grahamhancock.com/supernatural.
35 http://luckymojo.com/hancocklecture.html.
36 Hugh J. Schonfield, The Passover Plot, 125.
37 Lynn Picknett and Clive Prince, The Sion Revelation, 17.
38 Dan Burnstein, Secrets of the Code, introduction.
39 Ibid.
40 Umberto Eco, Foucault’s Pendulum, 261.
41 David Mamet, Three Uses of the Knife, 12.
7. A Few Clicks of a Mouse
1 Washington Post, September 6, 2006.
2 “Click Here for Conspiracy,” Vanity Fair, August 2006.
3 Ibid.
4 Ibid.
5 The survey was conducted by telephone between July 6 and 24, 2006, at the Scripps Survey Research Center at the University of Ohio.
6 The Alex Jones Show, GCN radio network, March 2006.
7 Wereldgasten, VPRO television, December 3, 2006.
8 “Click Here for Conspiracy.”
9 Marco Thompson cited on http://www.911myths.com/html.
10 Bill Strauss, et al., http://www.spectrum.ieec.org/mar06/3069.
11 http://www.serendipity.li/wot/operation_pearl.htm.
12 David Ray Griffin, The New Pearl Harbor, foreword.
13 Ibid., xxiii.
14 Washington Post, September 6, 2006.
15 “Debunking 9/11 Myths: Why Conspiracy Theories Can’t Stand Up to the Facts,” Popular Mechanics, March 2005.
16 Griffin, 27.
17 Ibid., 30-31.
18 Ibid.
19 http://www.aerospaceweb.org/question/conspiracy/q0265.shtml.
20 Griffin, 40.
21 http://www.aerospaceweb.org/question/conspiracy/q0274.shtml.
22 Ibid.
23 Griffin, 28.
24 New Statesman, September 11, 2006.
25 Jim Fetzer Radio Show, Republic Broadcasting Network, June 29, 2006.
26 New York Times, June 22, 2002.
27 http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/1907955.stm.
28 http://www.periodico26.cu/english/opinion/ivashov011806.html.
29 Ibid.
30 http://petras.lahaine.org/articulo.php?c=1&p=138/.
31 James Petras and Robin Eastman-Abaya, The Caricatures in Middle East Politics, http:/petras.lahaine.org/articulo.php?c=1¬e=1&p=9.
32 http://www.rumormillnews.com/cgi-bin/archive.cgi?read=83815.
33 Le Journal du Dimanche, February 8, 2004.
34 Ha’aretz, January 19, 2006.
35 Ibid.
36 John Lichfield, Independent on Sunday, March 26, 2006.
37 http://www.amnistia.net/news/articles/voltaire/voltaire_552.html.
38 http://www.erichufschmid.net/wingTV/BollynPickeringwingTV.html.
39 http://www.erichufschmid.net/Hufschmid-Dylan-Korey-Jason.mp3.
40 American Free Press, April 10, 2005.
41 Der Spiegel, September 8, 2003.
42 James Hollander, CounterPunch, March 11, 2004.
43 Guardian, April 6, 2004.
44 New Statesman, September 11, 2006.
45 Guardian, June 27, 2006.
46 Griffin, 139.
47 Interview with Amy Goodman, Democracy Now! WBAI radio, May 26, 2004.
48 Griffin, 127.
49 David Hackett Fischer, Historians’ Fallacies, 209-11.
50 David Ray Griffin, The 9/11 Commission Report: Omissions and Distortions, 189.
51 Noam Chomsky, e-mail, November 17, 2002.
8. Mr. Pooter Forms a Theory
1 Matthew Parris on the BBC Today program, June 14, 2002.
2 Peter Oborne, Daily Mail, February 16, 2007.
3 http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm200607/cmhansrd/cm070115/text/70115w0018.html.
4 http://www.martinfrost.ws/htmlfiles/sept2006/uncovering.html.
5 http://beyondbelief.blogspot.com/.
6 Norman Baker, The Strange Death of David Kelly, 196.
7 Ibid., 192.
8 http://www.bahai-library.com/introductory/suicide.html.
9 Baker, 38.
10 Ibid., 36.
11 Ibid., 193.
12 Nadine Melhem et al., “Familial Pathways to Early-Onset Suicidal Behavior,” American Journal of Psychiatry, 164, September 2007, 1364-70.
13 Baker, 7.
14 Ibid.
15 Ibid., 197.
16 Ibid.
17 Ibid., 36.
18 Ibid., 38.
19 Ibid., 39.
20 Ibid., 37.
21 http://news.scotsman.com/huttoninquiry/Dr-Kellys-bitter-end.2445290.jp.
22 Baker, 14.
23 Ibid., 19.
24 Ibid., 21.
25 http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programs/conspiracy_files/6378681.stm.
26 Baker, 368.
27 http://news.bbc.co.uk/nolpda/ifs_news/hi/newsid_6269000/6269157.stm.
28 Channel 4 News, March 9, 2004.
29 http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programs/conspiracy_files/6378681.stm.
30 Baker, 17.
31 Ibid., 21.
32 Ibid., 22.
33 Ibid., 19.
34 Ibid., 20.
35 Ibid.
36 Ibid.
37 Ibid., 58.
38 Ibid., 27.
39 Ibid., 41.
40 Ibid., 43.
41 Ibid., 46.
42 Ibid., 47.
43 Ibid., 53.
44 Ibid., 66.
45 Ibid., 52.
46 Ibid., 307.
47 Ibid., xiii.
48 Ibid.
49 A. Jay Cristol, The Liberty Incident, 2002.
50 According to its synopsis, the book Who Killed Diana? (cowritten with Derek McAdam) “casts doubt on the assumption that the driver was three times over the legal limit. It assembles the evidence that Diana and Dodi had become a threat to the British Establishment. It shows who might have intervened in the most brutal fashion, examining their motives and how an assassination could have b
een carried out.”
51 Peter Hounam, Operation Cyanide, 3.
52 Baker, 96-97.
53 Ibid., 98.
54 Ibid., 110.
55 Ibid., 60.
56 Ibid., 50.
57 Ibid., 49.
58 Ibid., 302-3.
59 Ibid., 333.
60 Ibid., 345.
61 http://www.prisonplanet.com/022504shrimptontranscript.html.
62 http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/programs/if/transcripts/david_kelly.txt .
63 Baker, 348.
64 Ibid.
65 Melanie Phillips, “The ‘Facts’ About David Kelly’s Death Just Don’t Add Up. This Was Murder,” Daily Mail, February 28, 2007.
66 Fritz Tobias, The Reichstag Fire: Legend and Truth, 16.
9. “I Want My Country Back!”
1 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9V1nmn2zRMc&feature=related.
2 www.publicpolicypolling.com.
3 AIM press release, August 4, 2009.
4 http://www.newsmax.com/ruddy/Obama_birth_certificate/2009/08/05/244380.html.
5 A good example of the Corsi defense can be found at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n8foOU6n9S4.
6 http://frontpagemag.com/readArticle.aspx?ARTID=7741.
7 http://www.wnd.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=30762.
8 http://www.wnd.com/index.php?fa=PAGE.view&pageId=56626.
9 For a sympathetic but revealing portrait of Farah as editor of the Union, see Tom Bethell, “Fighting for the Union,” National Review, September 9, 1991.
10 Ambrose Evans-Pritchard, The Secret Life of Bill Clinton: The Unreported Stories (Washington, DC: Regnery, 1997), xii.
11 Ibid.
12 Ibid., xiii-xiv.
13 Ibid., xiii.
14 Ibid.
15 David Brock, Blinded by the Right: The Conscience of an Ex-Conservative (New York: Crown, 2002), 204.
16 Ibid., 204-5.
17 Evans-Pritchard, The Secret Life of Bill Clinton, xv.
18 Gore Vidal, “The Meaning of Timothy McVeigh,” Vanity Fair, September 2001.
19 Evans-Pritchard, The Secret Life of Bill Clinton, 5.
20 Ibid., 94.
21 Ibid., 268-69.
22 Ibid., 238.
23 Ibid., 243.
24 Ibid., 248.
25 Ibid., 251.
26 WND website, September 24, 1998. http://www.wnd.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=14583 .
27 Moldea’s book, published in 1998, was A Washington Tragedy: How the Death of Vincent Foster Ignited a Political Firestorm (Washington, DC: Regnery, 1998).
28 Evans-Pritchard, The Secret Life of Bill Clinton, 226.
29 Christopher Ruddy, The Strange Death of Vince Foster: An Investigation (New York: Free Press, 1997), 249-50.
30 Moldea, A Washington Tragedy, 14.
31 “First Lady Launches Counterattack,” Washington Post, January 28, 1998.