by Fergal Keane
Clashmealcon caves 244
Cléirigh, Bean Uí 11
Clounmacon national school 164, 224
Clune, Dr Patrick, Archbishop of Perth 202
Cnoc an Óir (Hill of Gold) 44–5, 55
Collins, James 94, 114
Collins, Michael 15, 20, 25, 69, 162, 183, 241n; ambush, death and burial 30, 213, 232–4; character and description 25, 213, 218, 229–30; confronted with Republican counter-demonstration at Tralee 223; defends the Treaty in the Dáil 220–1; develops new form of guerrilla warfare 27; directed campaign of terror against government 272; as full of optimism and confidence 209; as hero and wartime leader 217–18; idealised counter-factualism concerning 254–5; informed of meeting between de Valera and Lloyd George 212; loyalty to 217–18, 229; orders dawn mission against British intelligence agents 152; orders killing of RIC Oswald Swanzy 147n; orders Mee back to Listowel to form police underground unit 145–6; orders to target British spy network 97; prepares to talk with Lloyd George and Churchill 207; quoted by the Provisional IRA 273; reputedly hides in Scoil Bhríde school 10; sends Forde to Kilmallock area 121; signs Peace Treaty 214–15; steeped in tradions of secrecy 29; thanks troops for recapturing Tralee 232; tracks down police constables, spies, informers 26; Truce and peace-making 201, 202, 204–5
Collins, Thomas 97
Colum, Mary 89
‘Come all ye loyal heroes wherever you may be …’ (anon) 41
Connolly, Joseph 88
Connor, Toddy 162
Cooleen faction 50
Cope, Sir Alfred 202–3, 205
Cork 5, 37, 147, 152, 173, 266, 271; City Library 16; Grammar School 266
Cork, Cornelius Lucey, Bishop of 266
Cork and County Club 111
Cork Examiner 60, 226, 231
Cornamona, Co. Galway 33
Cosgrave, W.T. 234
Costello, James 188, 189
Coughlan, James 149–50 and note
County Clare 43, 49, 87, 88, 154, 240
County Cork 32, 97, 266
County Donegal 247
County Galway 19, 24, 32–3, 87
County Kerry 29, 87, 222, 223–4
County Leitrim 191
County Limerick 3, 4, 39, 87, 125, 127, 153, 276n
County Mayo 40, 69, 297
County Monaghan 214
County Sligo 37
County Tipperary 36, 51, 53, 102, 210, 247
County Waterford 14
County Wicklow 132
Cowley, T. 125
Creagh, Bertha 74, 135, 136, 138
Croagh Patrick 297
Cromwell, Oliver 5, 8, 54, 105, 133
Crossmaglen 13
Crotta 139
Cú Chulainn 11, 12
Cumann na mBan 89, 98, 144, 165, 214, 289, 329
Cumann na nGaedheal 292–3
Cunningham, Phil 53
Curtayne, Father 102
Curtin family 74
Curtin, John 73–4
Cush, Nathaniel 271
Dáil Eireann 92, 213, 225, 237
Daily Mail 131
Dalton, General Emmet 233
Dalton, Patrick 199–201, 212
Dan, uncle 2
Darcy 145, 290
Davitt, Michael 33n, 69–70, 75, 76
Dee, Con 100, 198, 199–201, 214, 239–40, 279
Deenihan, Jimmy 276
Defence of the Realm Act (DORA) (1914) 93
Delaney, Constable 90
Delaney, Enda 285n
Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) 276
Denny, Rev Edward 57
Dermot O’Brien and his Clubmen, ’The Merry Ploughboy’ 9
Derry 14n, 273
Devlin, Joseph 110–11
Devlin, Michael 271
Dillon, Eamonn 267
Dillon, John 88
Dingle 3
Doodle campaign (1951) 251 and note
Drumcondra 29
Dublin 3, 7–9, 23–5, 27–8, 78, 84, 97, 111, 151–2, 153, 225, 227, 229, 244, 260, 266, 289; Abbey Theatre 10, 283; Blackrock College 298; Curragh camp 84; Four Courts 225, 249; Garden of Remembrance 7; Gate Theatre 7; General Post Office 9, 26, 87, 124, 265, 272; Glasnevin cemetery 8, 173, 300; Kilmainham jail 236; Mansion House 213; Phoenix Park 27, 36; St Stephen’s Green 28; Scoil Bhríde school 10; Shelbourne Hotel 28; Terenure College 9; Trinity College 36; Vaughan’s Hotel 205
Dublin Castle 39, 91, 92, 108, 130, 131, 145, 155, 204, 241n
Dublin Guards Regiment 227 and note, 241, 242, 243
Dublin Metropolitan Police 24
Duffy, Louise Gavan 10
DUP see Democratic Unionist Party
Easter Rising (1916) 26, 80, 120, 141; All-Ireland Republic declared 16; anniversaries and commemorations 8–9, 12, 299–300; events of 86–8; execution of leaders 38, 88; Garden of Remembrance for 7; legacy of 272; as political success 95; punitive state response after 270; release of Republican prisoners 92–3; see also Civil War (1922–23); Irish Revolution (1911–23); War of Independence (1919–21)
Edward VII 130, 131
Edward VIII 26
Edwards, Hilton 7
Elizabeth I 4, 16, 105, 133
Emergency Powers Bill (1920) 235
emigration 61–3, 65–6, 285 and note
Emmet, Robert 8, 132–3
Enright, Dan 193, 247
Enright, Thomas 209–11, 212
European Economic Community 296
evictions 33–5, 68–9, 72, 76, 119, 168
Farnlow (Tan marksman) 191, 206
Farrell, Dan 165–6, 168–9, 171
Farrell, William 9
Fenians 10; 1867 rebellion 83; attack on Kilmallock barracks 119–20; belief in force to drive British from Ireland 120; boys sworn into the ranks of 84; influence of 28–9; IRB as official name of 82 and note, 330; launches bombing campaign in Britain 28 and note; official name of 28; organisation and financial support for 82n; play set during struggles 10; secretly prepare for insurrection 86–7; seek complete independence 82
Fenit 230
Ferris, Martin 276 and note
Fianna Fáil (the Soldiers of Destiny) 18, 126, 250, 272
Fianna legend (Diarmuid & Gráinne) 44–5
Fine Gael 18, 219 and note, 244, 252, 276
Finucane, Michael 207–8
Finuge 72
Fisher, Lydia Jane 47
Fitzgerald, Elizabeth 139
Fitzmaurice, Rev George 136
Fitzmaurice, Sir James 118–19
Fitzmaurice, John, Baron of Kerry 192
Fiver Feale 226
Flavin, Danny 93, 94, 197, 224–5, 244
Flavin, Peter 85
Flynn, Desiree 40, 172, 298–9
Foley, Catherine E. 64n
Foran, John 74
Foran, Patrick 227
Forde, Seán 120 and note, 121, 124, 127, 152–3
Franklin, Benjamin 135
Fraser, James 47
Free State 17–18, 164, 214, 248, 249, 250, 289, 290, 330; during the Civil War 219–20, 223, 226–7, 228, 232, 234, 235, 236, 237, 240
Free State army 222–3, 225, 227, 230, 238, 241, 242, 244, 246
Fuller, Stephen 18–19, 242
GAA see Gaelic Athletic Association
Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) 38, 83–4 and note, 292
Gaelic League 83 and note, 93, 98, 271
Gale cemetery 64, 187
Gallogly, Denis 176
Galvin, Garret 61
Galvin, John 235
Galvin, Mary 61
Galvin, Michael ’Mick’ 128–9, 186–7, 188
Garda Síochána 243
Gardai 252n, 299
Gaughan, Father Anthony 165, 168n, 192, 219
Gilbert, Sir Humphrey 4, 118
Gladstone, William 69
Good Friday Agreement (1998) 274, 278
Gortatlea police barracks 96
Gortglanna 198
Government of Ireland Act (1920) 212–13
Great Depressi
on 280 and note
Great Famine see Potato Famine (1845–49)
Great War 24, 25–6, 40, 85–6, 91, 95, 106, 140, 141, 170, 189, 210, 230, 270
Greenwood, Sir Hamar 111, 171
Gregory, Isabella Augusta, Lady 37
Greogy XIII, Pope 4
Griffiths, Arthur 214, 215
Grousset, Paschal 71
Guardian newspaper 14
Gunn-Mahony family 129–30
Gunsboro 138
Gurtenard Wood 103, 167, 192, 226
Hannan, Susie 176
Harrel, David 37
Harrington, Niall 238, 242, 243
Harris, Breda 24
Harris, Sergeant Jamesie 24–5
Hassett, John 37
Hassett, Paddy 5, 17, 266, 271
Hassett, Patrick 35, 37–8
Headfort, south Kerry 169–70
Heaney, Seamus 7
Henry IV 192
Hewitt, John, ‘Neither an Elegy nor a Manifesto’ 269
Highland Clearances 63
Hitler, Adolf 251, 258
Ho Chi Minh 25, 27
Hoffman family 140n
Hoffman, Frank 140n
Holmes, Phillip 174, 192
Home Rule 26, 29, 38, 39–40, 75, 76, 80–1 and note, 82, 84, 85, 91–2, 141, 218, 260, 270
Home Rule bills 81 and note
Homer, Iliad 11, 122
Hornibrook, Johnny 266
Houlihan, James 148–9
Houlihan, John 148–9, 212
Houlihan, Timothy 182, 219
Howth 84
Huckerby, Thomas 113
Hume, John 275
Humphries, Thomas 147
Hussey, S.M. 72
Hutchinson, Billy 295
Hyde, Douglas 37
Hyde, Sean 248
Hynes, John 113
ILP see Irish Labour Party
Inchagoill, Lough Corrib 33
India 24, 26
Ingledew, Charles 175–7
Inglis, Brian 265–6
IRA 3rd Battalion 219
IRA see Irish Republican Army
IRA Cork No.1 Brigade 202
IRA Flying Columns 13, 27, 118, 126, 127, 188, 208, 235, 239; East Limerick Flying Column 125, 126, 127; north Kerry Flying Column 178–84, 197–8, 214, 217, 264, 290; West Limerick Flying Column 198
Iraq 25–6
Ireland: aftermath of the Civil War under de Valera 246–61; bloody history of 3, 4, 17–20; British attempt to meet terror with terror 27; challenges to certainty and authority 89–90; chronology of major events 325–8; considered nest of potential traitors 4; on cusp of irreversible decline 40; death, violence and bombs 14–19, 83; decline of British power in 25–6; desire for stability in 282–3; Doodle campaign 251; events leading up to the Troubles 12–15; executions, shootings and guerrilla war following the Rising 88–102; faction fighting and retribution in 49–54; failure of 1798 and 1867 rebellions 28 and note; famine, eviction and emigration 33–4, 57–69, 72; fighting and atrocities following signing of the Treaty 225–45; flourishing of poets and playwrights in 257; Great Depression and economic war with Britain 280 and note; Home Rule movement 26, 29, 38, 39–40, 75, 76, 80–1 and note; and the hunger for land 47–9; killing, ambush and retaliation in 29–32, 94–100, 120–7, 143–4, 146, 147–50, 151–3, 155, 157–8, 159–60, 169–70, 174–84, 189–96; land agitation, death and eviction 33–5, 70–6, 204–5; memories, shadows and repercussions of the Revolution 270–3; memory and self-examination 299–300; myth of Irish as nation of natural rebels 256; and Partition 260; paternalism in 280–1; rich cultural references in 11–12; sectarianism and violence during the Troubles 12–16, 271–3 and note, 274–5; sin, sex and female emancipation 281–2; Treaty debates 219–21; Truce and peace-making 201–15
Irish Church Act (1869) 56n
Irish Citizen Army 88
Irish ghettos (US) 67
Irish Labour Party (ILP) 5
Irish National Land League 33 and note, 69, 70–1, 73, 75, 137
Irish Party (at Westminster) 69, 76, 81
Irish Republican Army (IRA) 31, 330; aftermath of Civil War 247–51; assassin group known as the ’Squad’ 26, 152, 229, 230, 239; attack and kill O’Sullivan, Kane and Vicars 152, 153, 154–5, 156–7, 159–60, 189–91, 191–6; attack on Kilmallock barracks 120–7; Ballyseedy mine incident 18; banned by the Government 98; become more ruthless and efficient 96; blow up Free State armoured car outside school 9; complaints against 231; continues to claim the right to kill its enemies 254; drift to the left 8; and elimination of Protestants 262–4; enforces shadow writ of the Dáil 92; fighting and atrocities during the Civil War 227–8, 229; forewarned of escalation of military campaign against 202; guerrilla war waged by 94–100, 120–7, 169–70, 178–84, 185–6, 188, 211, 247; hide in plain sight 80; ignore the Truce in Northern Ireland 213; increased recruitment after the Truce 208; informants and local intelligence 96–100; killing of Kevin O’Higgins 5–6; learn to fear the Auxies 107; membership of 13; military/political factions 274; splits for and against the Treaty 219–21; splits in 254; suffer from the ’IRA itch’ (scabies) 197–8; support for during the Troubles 273–4; targeting of police, spies and British intelligence agents 38–9, 96, 97–8, 101–2, 108, 113, 120–7, 152, 181; traditions of silence and communal solidarity 75; and the Troubles 271–4; Truce and peace-making 201–6; unhappy that war had ended 209–11; UVF warnings against 12–13; violence, vengeance and retaliation 29, 111, 113, 143, 147–50, 151–2, 169–70, 178–84, 206, 211; weapons, food and messages smuggled to 96–7, 98–9, 104; see also Official IRA; Provisional IRA
Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB) see Fenians
Irish Revolution (1911–23): as challenge to authority 89–90; children of 15; discussion and questions concerning 16–17; early events and tensions 80–6; guerrilla war and violence after the Rising 88–102, 94–100, 120–7, 169–70, 178–84, 185–6, 188, 211; marching song 259; memories, shadows and repercussions 270–3; peace talks 201–5; and threat of excommunication 89; see also Civil War (1922–23); Easter Rising (1916); War of Independence (1919–21)
Irish Times 119
Irish Volunteers 222, 330; ambush Captain Watson 185–6; and attack on Kilmallock barracks 121; as broad coalition of separatists and nationalists 80–1, 82; conflict, confrontation and grievances 93–4; damned from the pulpit and told to go home 88; firearms obtained by 93; formation of 78n; Listowel branch 80, 84, 86; membership of 84, 91; ready to launch guerrilla war 90; swear allegiance to Dáil Eireann 92; women as allies of 89
Irregulars 214
‘Jack the Dead’ 64
Johnston, Gillian 271
Jordan, Niall 246
Joyce, James 118, 147, 265
Kane, James 159–60, 191–6, 212, 214, 223, 249, 252, 294
Kavanagh, Paddy 198
Kean, Edmund 8
Keane, Anne 285, 285n, 289
Keane, Bill: character and description 83, 102, 286; death of 287; John B.’s poem about 286, 287; lives with his parents and siblings 280; love of words and literature 83, 103, 224; meets and marries Hannah 102–3, 174, 206; member of the Gaelic League 83, 271; refuses to acknowledge Father O’Connor in the street 283; seeks refuge from reality in alcohol 285–6; teaches at Clounmacon national school 164, 224
Keane, Dan 103, 164, 177, 206, 256, 281
Keane, Denis 285
Keane, Eamonn: as accomplished actor and storyteller 2–3, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 19, 44–5, 283–4; alcoholism of 12, 14; attitude towards Irish history 8; character and description 6, 8, 9, 287; confounded by the Troubles 13–14; discussion on holding on to the land 48; education of 283; final visit to Belfast before his death 277–8; involved in public fracas and sent to England 284; pantheon of greats 69, 70; relationship with his mother and aunt Juleanne 287–8; as romantic nationalist 5; schooled in classical literature 11–12; takes Fergal to watch anniversary parade in Dublin 9–10
Keane family 103–4, 163, 173
Keane, Fe
rgal: attends hundredth anniversary of Easter Rising 299–300; attitude towards history and mythology 7, 11–12; childhood and education in Dublin 7–9, 10–11, 43–4; contemplations on legacy of Revolution 270–6; early memories of the Troubles 13–15; effect of parents’ separation on 16–17; family connections to RIC 35, 37; feels pride in his family’s involvement in the Revolution 300; haunted by memories of the dead and the revolutionary generation 294–6; interviews men involved in the Troubles 294–5; learns about heroism in battle 11; named after dead IRA man 6; re-visits Church Street 161–5; reasons for writing memoir of his family and the Civil War 19–21; takes his father on a final tour of Belfast 277–8; visits Kilmorna 129; as war correspondent 79–80; witnesses his father ’dying’ on stage 10
Keane, Hannah Purtill 1, 41, 78, 162, 271, 300; accepts life as it is 283, 291; ambitious for her children 285; birth of children 280; birth and family background 42–5; brought up with stories of the Famine 63; character and description 89, 288; death of 287; family life with Bill and the children 285–6; favourite story 46; fears the shadow of drink 287; feels effect of schism 214; involvement in revolutionary violence 95–6, 290; joins the Blueshirts 251; leaves no diaries, letters or recorded interviews 3, 17, 20, 291; meets and marries Bill Keane 102–3, 206, 224, 279; proud of her role in Cumann na mBan 289; refused war service medal and military pension 289–90; relationship with her son Eamonn 287; remains loyal to Collins and accepts peace 206–7, 251; returns to working on the farm 209; smuggles weapons, messages and food to IRA 13, 80, 98–9, 104, 115, 144, 163, 174; studio photograph of 291; suffers bouts of depression 288; threatened by notorious Tan 145; weeps over death of Michael Collins 232; welcome’s Eoin O’Duffy despite threats 252–3; works for draper’s in Listowel 90, 103, 145, 164, 174, 209
