by Lisa Hilton
Ponty, Janine: Les Polonais en France (Du Rocher, Paris, 2008)
Pugh, Martin: We Danced All Night: A Social History of Britain Between the Wars (Random House, London, 2008)
Rioux, Jean-Pierre: La France de la Quatrième République, 2 vols. (Seuil, Paris, 1980)
Saumarez-Smith, John (ed.): The Bookshop at 10 Curzon Street: Letters between Nancy Mitford and Heywood Hill 1952–73 (Frances Lincoln, London, 2004)
Smith, Colin: England’s Last War Against France: Fighting Vichy 1940–1942 (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London, 2009)
Spears, Edward: Assignment to Catastrophe, 2 vols. (Heinemann, London, 1954)
Taylor, D.J.: Bright Young People (Vintage, London, 2008)
Thompson, Laura: Life in a Cold Climate: Nancy Mitford (Review, London, 2003)
Tombs, Isabelle and Robert: That Sweet Enemy: Britain and France, the History of a Love-Hate Relationship (Pimlico, London, 2007)
Ziegler, Philip: Diana Cooper (Hamish Hamilton, London, 1981)
Articles
Published by the Institut Charles de Gaulle, Paris:
André-Brunet, Adolphe: ‘A la société des amis de Marcel Proust’
André-Gillois, Maurice: ‘Enfance et adolescence’
Brouillet, René: ‘Rue Saint-Dominique 25 août 1944–21 janvier 1946’
Burin des Rosiers, Etienne: ‘Ambassadeur à Rome’
Burrus, Manuel: ‘L’association France-Italie’
Charles-Roux, François: ‘A Londres en 1942 et 1943’
Chatenet, Pierre: ‘Président du Conseil constitutionnel (1964–1974)’
Curien, Gilles: ‘Un grand ministre de la recherche’
Debré, Michel: ‘Au cabinet de Paul Reynaud’
Decaris, Albert: ‘A 1’académie des Beaux-Arts’
De Courcel, Geoffrey: ‘Gaston Palewski et le général de Gaulle’
Druon, Maurice: ‘Du côté de chez Gaston’
Durosoy, Maurice: ‘Avec Lyautey au Maroc en 1925’
Fornari, Giovanni: ‘Le dernier des Stendhaliens’
Fouquer, R.P.: ‘Mission en Ethiopie’
Frey, Roger: ‘Un militant’
Gaussen, Gérard: ‘Au comité français pour la sauvegarde de Venise’
Giron, Charles: ‘A l’association des amis de René Capitant’
Guillaumat, Pierre: ‘Une action décisive en matière nucleaire (1955)’
Horbette, Jean-Louis: ‘Rue Royale 1962–1965’
King, Harold: ‘Un homme d’une loyauté totale’
Lefranc, Pierre: ‘La bataille des tribunes 1947–1951’
Lelong, Pierre: ‘Ministre d’état, chargé dé la recherche scientifique et des questions atomiques et spatiales’
Offroy, Raymond: ‘A Alger 1943–44’
Palewski, Dominique: ‘Oncle Gaston’
Polaillon-Kerven, Gisèle: ‘Un proche de Eugène Delacroix’
Rosenberg, Pierre: ‘Au conseil des musées de France’
Zimmer, Paul: ‘A la Fondation Lyautey’
Viansson-Ponte, Pierre: ‘Gaston Palewski ou le gaullisme prehistorique’ in Après de Gaulle, qui?, ed. Le Seuil, 1968
Yverneau-Glaser, Elisabeth: ‘Gaston Palewski, acteur et temoin d’un demi-siècle de vie politique française 1924–1974’, unpublished doctoral thesis (supervisor: Maurice Vaisse), Centre d’histoire de Sciences Politiques
‘Memoirs of the late Princesse Edmond de Polignac’, Horizon No. 68 (August 1945)
INDEX
Abrami, Mme, 231
Abyssinia see Ethiopia
Acton, Sir Harold, 34, 132–3, 186, 245
Addis Ababa GP in, 3, 125
Africa French colonies rally to de Gaulle, 116–17
Alan, Bill, 96
Allary Jean, 217
Alexander VI, Pope, 216
Algeria French administration, 137–8, state of emergency (1955), 213
Algiers GP in, 137, 146
Allied Military Government for Occupied Territories (AMGOT), 127, 149
Alsop, Susan Mary (earlier Patten), 200–3, 226, To Marietta from Paris, 201
Amis, (Sir) Kingsley, 196
Anderson, Marion, 148
Anfa, near Casablanca, 137
Arenberg, Gabrielle, 235
Argenlieu, Admiral Georges Thierry d’, 146
Arletty, 163, 165
Arnold, General Henry Harley (‘Hap’), 147
Arnold, Matthew, 225
Asquith, Elizabeth (later Bibesco), 68
Asthall Manor, Cotswolds, 27
Astier de la Vigier, Emmanuel d’, 257
Austen, Jane, 5, Pride and Prejudice, 44
Austria Germany annexes, 77
Balmain, Pierre, 186
Balzac, Honoré de Comédie Humaine, 13
Bardot, Brigitte, 244
Batsford Park, Moreton-in-Marsh, Gloucestershire, 25, 27
Bauer, Gerard, 242
Baumel, Jacques, 173
Beaton, Sir Cecil, 34, 84–5, 123, 132, 183, 193
Beauvau-Craon, Marc de, 243
Beauvoir, Simone de, 151
Beecham, Sir Thomas, 84
Beit, Clementine, Lady (née Mitford, NM’s cousin), 84
Bell, Clive Civilization, 224–5, 227, 230, 243
Berard, Christian (‘Bébé’), 183, 185, 190
Berenson, Bernard, 236, 242
Berners, Gerald Tyrwhitt-Wilson, 14th Baron, 37, 62, 85, 132
Bessborough, Vere Ponsonby, 9th Earl of, 120–1
Bestegui, Carlos de, 190, 257
Betjeman, Sir John, 34
Bevin, Ernest, 144
Bibesco, Prince Antoine, 68–70, 199
Bibesco, Pnncesse Marthe, 69
Bidault, Georges, 150, 151
Birkett, Norman (later 1st Baron), 98
Blanche, Jacques-Emile, 31, 69
Blenheim Palace, Oxfordshire, 18
Blomfield Road, Maida Vale, 1, 79, 128
Blum, Leon, 69, 77, 167
Boislambert, Claude Hettier de, 146
Boothby, Robert (later Baron), 183
Boris, Georges, 122–3
Bourbon-Parme, Pnncesse de, 179
Bourdet, Edouard, 183
Boutmy, Emile, 16
Bowen, Elizabeth, 219
Bowles, Dorothy (NM’s Aunt Weenie), 21
Bowles, George (NM’s uncle), 23
Bowles, Thomas (‘Tap’, Nancy’s maternal grandfather), 21–2
Bradley, General Omar, 150
Brando, Marlon, 243–4
Brandolini, Cristiana, 27
Bref (journal), 170
Bremond, Henri, 70
Bremond, Yvonne de, 234
Brighton College, 14, 16
Bnssac, Due de, 172
Bnssac, Duchesse de, 178
Bnssac, Pierre de, 177
British Union of Fascists (BUF), 44, 61, 63, 65, 96–7
Brooks, Mel The Producers (comedy), 66
Brown Book of the Hitler Terror, The, 62
Bulletin Quotidien, 71
Bullitt, William, 150
Byron, Robert, 34, 41, 63, 83
Cable Street march and riots (1936), 96
Cadogan, Sir Alexander, 144
Caetam, Cora, 234
Caetam, Marguerite, 234
Caffery, Jefferson, 172–3
Campbell, Ronald, 106–7
Capote, Truman Answered Prayers, 200
Casablanca Conference (1943), 137
Cassin, René, 257
Castellane, Bom de, 70, 163, 200, 251
Castellane, Comte Jean de, 163
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 239
Chamberlain, Neville, 104
Chambre, Guy la, 100
Chanel, Coco (Gabnelle), 163
Channon, Sir Henry (‘Chips’), 92, 121, 190, 199
Chantilly, 192
Chartens, Ann (Viscountess Rothermere, later Fleming), 204–5, 247
Chautemps, Camille, 114–15
Chenu, Marie-Dominique, 231
Chevalier, Maurice, 177
Choltitz, General Dietrich von, 149–50
Churchill, Clementine, Lady (née Hozier), 203
Churchill, Randolph, 166, 230
Churchill, (Sir) Winston GP arranges victory lunch for, 18, and Rumbold’s views on Nazism, 63, on de Gaulle, 73, 104, first receives de Gaulle, 102, meets French government (June 1940), 103, considers British union with France, 105, and de Gaulle’s move to London, 107–8, urges Pétain to continue to resist, 108, speech to Commons (June 1940), 109, authorizes destruction of French fleet, 112, meets GP on arrival in London, 114–15, defends de Gaulle’s actions at Dakar, 116, and administration of Algeria, 137, informs de Gaulle of invasion date, 143, quarrel with de Gaulle over invasion plans, 144–6, fails to invite de Gaulle to visit Normandy front, 145, visits Pans on way to holiday (1945), 170, supports European union, 211
Cicogna, Anna-Maria, 241–2
Clark, Kenneth (later Baron), 63
Clemenceau, Georges, 170
Cocteau, Jean, 164, 177, 183, 185, 252
Cohn-Bendit, Daniel, 246–8
Colefax, Sibyl, Lady, 84, 136
Colombey-les-Deux-Eglises, 161, 256
Colonna, Prince de, 232
Combattante (French ship), 146
Comité de Vigilance des Intellectuels Annfascistes, Paris, 63
Common Market see European Union
Communists in French elections (1945), 167, 169–70, denied office by de Gaulle, 171, French opposition to, 173–4, oppose RPF, 210, and worker priests, 231
Connolly, Cyril homosexual experiences, 36, patronizes Heywood Hill, 132, on NM’s sexual limitations, 136, portrayed in The Blessing, 136, 154, edits Horizon, 252
Constitutional Council GP appointed president, 240, 249, 256–7
Cooper, Artemis and Antony Beevor, 150
Cooper, Lady Diana (née Manners) lunches wih Churchill in Paris, 10, meets GP in London, 138–9, and GP’s relations with NM in Paris, 156, as ambassadress in Paris, 176–7, 179, 182–4, friendship with NM, 176, and husband’s affairs, 179, 201, 204–5, leaves Embassy (1947), 190, and GP’s appointment to Rome, 215–16, portrayed in Don’t Tell Alfred, 224
Cooper, Duff (later 1st Viscount Norwich) authorizes de Gaulle’s broadcast speech from London, 108, in North Africa, 138, relations with GP, 139, 180–1, affair with Daisy Fellowes, 163, on de Gaulle’s political style, 167, lunches with Churchill in Palis, 170, as ambassador in Paris, 176–9, friendship with NM, 176, on Pucheu’s execution, 177, affair with Louise de Vilmorin, 178–81, leaves Embassy, 190, visits brothels, 197, affair with Susan Mary Alsop, 201, womanizing, 204–5, writes life of Talleyrand, 251, death, 257
Costa de Beauregard, Comtesse, 192, 216, 244
Couture, Jean la, 112
Couve de Murville, Maurice, 247
Coward, (Sir) Noel, 134, 183–4
Cresson, Edith, 2
Crewe, Robert Offley Ashburton CreweMilnes, Marquess of, 175
Croisset, Ethel de (née Woodward), 199–200, 235
Croisset, François de, 199
Croisset, Philippe de, 199
Crowell, Ann, 199–200
Crussol, Marquise de, 78
Cullen Castle, Scotland, 35, 38
Cunard, Emerald (Maud Alice), Lady, 84–5, 123, 204, 220
Cunard, Sir Victor, 215–16
Cunningham, Admiral Andrew (later Viscount), 116
Curzon, Baba see Metcalfe, Lady Alexandra
Curzon, Cynthia see Mosley, Cynthia, Lady
Czechoslovakia Nazis occupy, 89, 96
Daily Herald, 63
Dakar de Gaulle’s failed attempt on, 115–17
Daladier, Édouard, 77–8
Darlan, Admiral Jean François, 111-12
Dashwood, Helen, Lady, 83, 131
Debré, Michel, 238, 240
Dejean, Maurice, 125
Democratic Alliance, 71, 109
Desplats-Pilter, Roy André (‘André Roy’), 131–2, 135
Devonshire, Andrew Cavendish, IIth Duke of marriage to Deborah, 93
Devonshire, Deborah, Duchess of (née Mitford, NM’s sister) on GP’s knowledge of nursery rhymes, 18, birth, 25, 28, on Nancy as debutante, 32, on Nancy’s unawareness of St Clair Erskine’s homosexuality, 37, interior decorating, 57, suffers stillbirth, 82, at outbreak of war, 89, brings back Unity from Switzerland, 90, marriage, 93, interest in fashion, 187, on Palazzo Farnese staircase, 216, visits GP in Rome, 220, and GP’s marriage to Violette, 253–4, visits NM during final illness, 255
Diamant-Berger, Dr Marcel (GP’s cousin), 48, 70, 75, death, 113
Diamant-Berger, Yvan-Joseph (GP’s maternal grandfather), II
Dicks, Laura (‘Nanny Blor’), 23
Dill, General Sir John, 103
Dior, Christian, 185, 187–8
Djibouti, 125–7
Dorchester Hotel, London (the ‘Dorch’), 133
Dreyfus, Alfred, II
Driberg, Tom (later Baron Bradwell), 34
Dronne, Captain Raymond, 150
Druon, Maurice, 17
du Deffand, Marie de Vichy de Chamrond, Marquise, 161
Duclos, Jacques, 171
Dumaine, Jacques, 190
Dunkirk evacuation (1940), 119–20
Dunn, Kit, 45
Dunne, Dominick The Two Mrs Grenvilles, 200
Eaton Terrace, London, 133
Eckersley, Peter and Dorothy, 96
Eden, Anthony (later Ist Earl of Avon), 81, 103, 145–6
18B see Regulation 18B
Eisenhower, Dwight D, 144, 149
Eliot, TS, 40, 223
Elizabeth II, Queen, 202
El Khattabi, Abdelkrim, 49
Elwes, Simon, 79
Erlanger, Leo d’, 123–4
Ethiopia (Abyssinia), 76, 125–6, see also Addis Ababa
European Coal and Steel Community (ECST), 212
European Union proposed, 211–12, and Treaty of Rome (1956), 217, GP supports, 218
Fabre-Luce, Alfred, 178
Fabre-Luce, Charlotte, 178
Fakrin, Prince Ahmed, 201
Farnese, Giulia, 216
Fascism Mitford family views on, 59, 88–9, in Wigs on the Green, 60–2, 65–7, 94–5, opposition to, 63–6, NM condemns, 81, 87, and Munich Agreement, 85
Faucigny-Lucinge Jean-Louis de, 178
Fellowes, Emmeline, 163
Fellowes, Marguerite (‘Daisy’, née Decazes, then de Broglie), 159, 163, 201, 205
Févner, Jacques, 183
Fleming, Ann see Charteris, Ann
FNL see National Liberation Front of Algeria
Fontaine-les-Nonnes, 192, 216, 229, 245
Forbes, Alistair, 135–6
Forbes-Adam, Virginia, 196–7
Fouchet, Marcel, 68
France and war threat, 76–8, and Spanish Republican refugees, 86–7, falls to Germans (1940), 94–5, refugees from German advance, 103, navy attacked by British at Mers el-Kebir, 112, Vichy regime recognized by USA, 117, British view of after fall, 119–20, refugees in Britain, 119–21, British relations with Vichy, 121, repatriation of servicemen in Britain, 121, and administration of North Africa, 137–8, recognition of post-liberation provisional government, 146, épuration (post-war purging of collaborators), 162–4, 167, conditions and shortages after liberation, 165–6, elections (October 1945), 166–9, nuclear tests, 239, constitution, 240–1, presidential election (1969), 257
France-Italy Association, 242
Francis Holland school, Belgravia, 24
François, Colonel, 105, 107
Frederick II (the Great), King of Prussia, 256
Free French de Gaulle heads, 115, 121, African colonies rally to, 116–17, GP appointed director of political affairs, 116–17, British support for, 121, low recruitment figures, 121, discounted in Normandy invasion plans, 144
Freeman-Mitford, Clement (NM’s uncle) killed, 24–5
French Welfare, Department of (British), 120–1
Friese-Green, Molly, 132
Funck-Brentano, Christian, III
Gaillard, Felix, 213
Galtier-Boisière, Jean, 149
Gardner, Evelyn (Mrs Evelyn Waugh), 42
Gascoigne, Alvary Douglas (Trench-Gascoigne), 114
Gaulle, Charles de attempted escape with Marcel Diamant-Berger, 48, GP meets, 73, 75–6, qualities and character, 73–4, Roosevelt’s relations with, 73, 117, 121, marriage and children, 74, wartime actions and defiance, 74–5, and pre-war defence policy, 77, joins government (June 1940), 101, 103, and collapse of France, 102–3, first meets Churchill, 102, encounter with Pétain, 103, meets British delegation at Tours (June 1940), 103–4, mission to London, 104–5, GP allies with, 106, on GP’s prescience, 106, leaves France for London, 107–8, returns to Bordeaux and resigns from government, 107, broadcast speech to French people from London, 108–10, learns of British destruction of French fleet, 113, British wariness of, 115, forms and heads Free French, 115, 121, sails for Dakar, 115–16, appoints GP director of political affairs, 116–17, resentment of USA, 117–18, visits French refugee camps in Britain, 119, manner and self-belief, 121–2, 151, life in London, 123, appoints DG director of Cabinet, 127–8, and French position in East Africa, 127, in Algiers, 137–8, told of plans for Normandy invasion, 143–5, quarrel with Churchill over invasion plans, 144–5, not invited by Churchill to visit Normandy front, 145, recognized by Allied governments-in-exile, 145, meets Roosevelt in USA, 146–8, returns to France (1944), 146, enters liberated Pans, 150–2, confirms GP as Cabinet director in France, 160, Paris headquarters, 160, residence, 161, on épuration, 164, Communist support for, 167, and elections (1945), 167–9, popular French attitude to, 167–8, relations with GP, 168–9, denies office to Communists, 170–1, retained as prime minister (1945), 170, resigns, 172, and formation of RPF, 173, post-war relations with British, 181, visits brothels, 197, political tours, 210, supports European community, 211, loses seat in 1956 election, 214, returns as president of France (1958), 214, 232, recommends GP for EU post, 215, politics of grandeur, 230, Italian wariness of, 232, state visit to Italy (1959), 233, asks Pompidou to form government, 238, stands in presidential election (1965), 240, and student protests (1968), 246–7, 249, resigns and retires to Colombey (1969), 256–7, death, 257, Mémoires, 102, 109
Gaulle, Henri and Jeanne de (Charles’s parents), 74
Gaulle, Yvonne de (née Vendroux, Charles’s wife), 74, 76, 107, 139, 161, 169, 249, 254
Gensoul, Admiral Marcel-Bruno, 112–13
Germany as threat, 76, annexes Austria, 77, advance in western Europe, 101, 103
Girard, Lieut Henri, 126
