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Who We Are and How We Got Here

Page 37

by David Reich


  7. I. Lazaridis et al., “Genomic Insights into the Origin of Farming in the Ancient Near East,” Nature 536 (2016): 419–24.

  8. I. Olalde et al., “The Beaker Phenomenon and the Genomic Transformation of Northwest Europe,” bioRxiv (2017): doi.org/​10.1101/​135962.

  9. P. F. Palamara, T. Lencz, A. Darvasi, and I. Pe’er, “Length Distributions of Identity by Descent Reveal Fine-Scale Demographic History,” American Journal of Human Genetics 91 (2012): 809–22; D. J. Lawson, G. Hellenthal, S. Myers, and D. Falush, “Inference of population structure using dense haplotype data,” PLoS Genetics 8 (2012): e1002453.

  10. S. Leslie et al., “The Fine-Scale Genetic Structure of the British Population,” Nature 519 (2015): 309–14.

  11. S. R. Browning and B. L. Browning, “Accurate Non-parametric Estimation of Recent Effective Population Size from Segments of Identity by Descent,” American Journal of Human Genetics 97 (2015): 404–18.

  12. M. Lynch, “Rate, Molecular Spectrum, and Consequences of Human Mutation,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A. 107 (2010): 961–68; A. Kong et al., “Selection Against Variants in the Genome Associated with Educational Attainment,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A. 114 (2017): E727–32.

  13. J. K. Pritchard, J. K. Pickrell, and G. Coop, “The Genetics of Human Adaptation: Hard Sweeps, Soft Sweeps, and Polygenic Adaptation,” Current Biology 20 (2010): R208–15.

  14. S. Haensch et al., “Distinct Clones of Yersinia pestis Caused the Black Death,” PLoS Pathogens 6 (2010): e1001134; K. I. Bos et al., “A Draft Genome of Yersinia pestis from Victims of the Black Death,” Nature 478 (2011): 506–10.

  15. I. Wiechmann and G. Grupe, “Detection of Yersinia pestis DNA in Two Early Medieval Skeletal Finds from Aschheim (Upper Bavaria, 6th Century AD),” American Journal of Physical Anthropology 126 (2005): 48–55; D. M. Wagner et al., “Yersinia pestis and the Plague of Justinian 541–543 AD: A Genomic Analysis,” Lancet Infectious Diseases 14 (2014): 319–26.

  16. S. Rasmussen et al., “Early Divergent Strains of Yersinia pestis in Eurasia 5,000 Years Ago,” Cell 163 (2015): 571–82.

  17. P. Singh et al., “Insight into the Evolution and Origin of Leprosy Bacilli from the Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium lepromatosis,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A. 112 (2015): 4459–64.

  18. K. I. Bos et al., “Pre-Columbian Mycobacterial Genomes Reveal Seals as a Source of New World Human Tuberculosis,” Nature 514 (2014): 494–97.

  19. K. Yoshida et al., “The Rise and Fall of the Phytophthora infestans Lineage That Triggered the Irish Potato Famine,” eLife 2 (2013): e00731.

  20. C. Warinner et al., “Pathogens and Host Immunity in the Ancient Human Oral Cavity,” Nature Genetics 46 (2014): 336–44.

  21. T. Higham et al., “The Timing and Spatiotemporal Patterning of Neanderthal Disappearance,” Nature 512 (2014): 306–9.

  22. E. Callaway, “Ancient Genome Delivers ‘Spirit Cave Mummy’ to US Tribe,” Nature 540 (2016): 178–79.

  About the Author

  Professor David Reich, of the Department of Genetics at Harvard Medical School and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, is a pioneer in analyzing ancient human DNA to learn about the past. In 2015, Nature magazine named him one of “10 people who matter” in all of the sciences for his contribution to transforming ancient DNA data “from niche pursuit to industrial process.” He has received numerous awards, including the 2017 Dan David Prize in the Archaeological and Natural Sciences for the computational discovery of intermixing between Neanderthals and modern humans.

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