Vatican Exposed, The (Williams), 600n
Vatican Library, 44, 58
Vatican Museum, 54, 156
Vaticano S.p.A. (Nuzzi), 439–40
Vatican Radio, 256, 267, 488, 504, 568n
Vatileaks scandal, 467–71, 472, 473–74, 475, 478–79, 480, 483, 491, 492
Gabriele trial in, 485–86
inept Vatican response to, 469
Venice, Italy, 206, 208, 597n
Vetco Offshore Industries, 208–9
Via col vento in Vaticano (Gone with the Wind in the Vatican; Marinelli), 463
Vianini, 343, 348
Victor Emmanuel III, King of Italy, 70, 99, 200n
Vietnam War, 200, 264, 587n
Viganò, Carlo Maria, 451, 455n, 469, 474, 577n
Benedict XVI and, 458–59, 460
Bertone’s exile of, 458, 460
reform efforts of, 467–68
Villot, Cardinal Jean-Marie, 249, 251, 253, 254, 255–56, 258, 264–73, 276, 633n, 634n
Vincenza Taffarel, Sister, 265, 267, 269, 270, 273n, 632n, 633n
Vittor, Silvano, 3, 4
Volpi di Misurata, Giuseppe, 50–51, 56, 90, 127–28, 158, 159, 547n, 577n–81n, 583n, 620n
aristocratic lifestyle, 578n
arrest by SS of, 129
competing with Germans for wartime business, 124
death of, 129
as Generali’s head, 122–25, 127
as Italy’s Finance Minister, 121
as Libya Governor, 121
Nogara and, 120–22, 124, 126, 128–129, 130
view of World War II Vatican-Italian business relationship, 126
Wagner, Gustav, 146–47
Wagner, Robert, 336, 337
Wagon-Lits, 121–22
Walesa, Lech, 306, 308, 310n, 646n
Wall Street, 53, 54, 58, 131, 160, 512
Wall Street Journal, 181, 204, 205, 218n, 219, 319, 442, 483
Walters, Vernon, 306–7, 310, 646n
Watergate scandal, 214, 240
Weber, Anton, 147–48
Weber, Max, 23, 539n
Weizsäcker, Ernst von, 100, 102, 103
“Why the Vatican Kept Silent on Nazi Attrocities: The Failure to Act” (Posner), xii
Wiesenthal, Simon, 339, 590n
Wiesenthal Center, 339–40, 341, 384, 385–86, 390
WikiLeaks, 408, 426, 428, 576n
Willan, Philip, 440, 666n
Williamson, Richard, 435, 685n
Wilson, William A., 307, 334–37, 655n, 659n
Marcinkus intervention of, 335–37, 349–50
Wiseguy (Pileggi), 299
Wojtyla, Karol Józef, see John Paul II, Pope
World Jewish Congress, 383, 385, 387, 389, 393, 589n, 669n
World War I, 23n, 39–43, 45, 51, 53, 55n, 63, 83, 85, 112, 113, 123, 124, 134, 164, 259, 424, 572n, 573n
Vatican finances affected by, 40, 43
World War II, xi–xiii, 76, 85–110, 111–19, 120, 134, 137, 138–39, 141, 145n, 148, 160, 164, 168, 176, 180, 221, 248, 278, 279, 307, 312, 340, 359, 373n, 385, 390, 424, 457, 540n, 552n, 553n, 561n, 566n, 572n, 576n, 581n, 586n, 589n, 600n, 605n, 616n, 620n, 671n
Benedict XVI in, 422–23
Generali and, 124
gold looted during, 130–31, 384, 387, 388, 389, 391, 392, 393
insurance companies during, 122–29
onset of, 85–86
see also Holocaust
Wyszyński, Cardinal Stefan, 275, 276, 282, 296
Yad Vashem Holocaust Memorial, 104n, 393, 572n
Yallop, David, 272n–73n, 349, 635n, 639n
Yugoslavia, 87, 124, 139n, 140, 142, 143, 146n, 149, 564n, 587n
Zembrzuski, Michael, 281–82
Zitropo Holding S.A., 244, 322, 614n, 615n, 625n, 640n
and IOR loan, 625n
liquidation of, 322
Zorza, Lorenzo, 314n, 315–16, 329, 330, 644n, 649n
Illustration Credits
Wikipedia Commons: 1, 3, 5, 6, 9, 11, 13, 22, 30, 37
Wikipedia Commons (Courtesy Museum of Fine Arts, Boston): 2
Museo Centrale del Risorgimento: 4
Library of Congress: 7, 17, 19
Wikipedia Commons (Courtesy of U.S. Department of the Interior): 8
German Federal Archives: 10, 14, 18, 20
Courtesy of Elan Steinberg: 12
Collezione Cartoline Albertomos: 15
AP Photo: 16, 28, 29, 31, 33
National Archives: 21, 35
© Bettmann/CORBIS: 23, 25, 26, 34, 36
© Corbis: 24
© Gianni Giansanti/Sygma/Corbis: 27
AP/Raul Fornezza: 32
© Andrzej Grygiel/epa/Corbis: 38
© KNA-Bild/dpa/Corbis: 39
© Gianni Giansanti/Immaginazione/Corbis: 40
Author photo of Vanity Fair cover: 41
© Stringer/Italy/Reuters/Corbis: 42
AP Photo/El Salvador School: 43
Author photo of Time cover: 44
© Alessandro Bianchi/Reuters/Corbis: 45
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Posner, Gerald L.
God’s bankers : a history of money and power at the Vatican / By Gerald Posner.
pages cm
1. Catholic Church—Finance. 2. Catholic Church—Corrupt practices. 3. Istituto per le opere di religione—Corrupt practices. 4. Banks and banking—Vatican City. 5. Catholic Church—History—20th century. 6. Catholic Church—History—21st century. 7. Catholic Church—Controversial literature. I. Title.
BX1950.P68 2015
364.16'8—dc23 2014021061
ISBN 978-1-4165-7657-0
ISBN 978-1-4391-0986-1 (ebook)
God's Bankers: A History of Money and Power at the Vatican Page 118
