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Trials of Passion

Page 45

by Lisa Appignanesi


  Delorme, Mathilde, 138, 143, 189

  delusion, 2, 5, 49, 57, 103, 106, 116-17, 124, 133, 398

  Cockburn’s views on, 97-9

  crimes as way of attaining ‘justice’, 3, 94-5, 305, 315, 323, 383

  Edmunds’ claims of pregnancy, 109, 110-11

  erotomania, 5, 6, 8, 23, 61, 63-4, 65, 386-7, 393

  Hadfield case, 91-2, 102, 103

  hallucinative (lucid mania), 181

  as at heart of monotheism, 313

  John Bellingham case, 94-5

  Kraepelin and, 332, 355

  M’Naghten case, 95-6, 97, 98-9, 103

  M’Naghten rules, 100-1, 105, 307, 333, 357, 388

  need for prison programmes, 398

  persecutory, 233, 303, 313, 320, 324, 386

  rescue scenarios, 387, 389

  stalking and, 387, 389, 390, 393-4

  sudden/unexpected violence, 8, 18-19, 22, 106, 122

  Thaw case and, 303, 305, 314, 315, 320, 321-3, 333, 337, 355, 362, 364

  Thomas Erskine arguments on, 91-2, 93, 103

  dementia praecox, 332

  DeMille, Mrs, 282, 288, 290, 326

  Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental

  Disorders (DSM), 347, 354, 389

  Dickens, Charles, 69, 76

  Dietz, Park, 389

  Diffendorf, Allen Ross, 329

  divorce, 4, 171, 201, 240

  legislation in France (1884), 203

  trials, 17-18, 19, 50, 60-1, 77

  Dix, Dorothy, 341

  Doctorow, E.L., Ragtime (1975), 300, 373

  doctors, medical

  high status in Third Republic, 170-1

  high status in US, 308

  illicit passions for, 56-7, 59-61, 62, 65

  see also Beard, Dr Charles Izard; mind-doctors

  domestic violence, 8, 114-15, 161-2, 187, 194, 341, 382, 392

  Doré, Gustave, 73

  Dover, Kent, 41-2

  Dowling, Victor J., 348, 357-8

  Dreyfus, Captain Alfred, 238, 242, 301

  Drummond, Edward, 96

  Drysdale, George, 52-3

  The Elements of Social Science (1861), 52, 53-4

  Drysdale, Mary, 60

  du Maurier, George, 231

  Dubourg, Madame, 200

  duels, 242, 243, 244

  Dumaire, Hélène, 201-2

  Dumas fils, Alexandre, 174, 178-9, 197, 203

  La Dame aux Camélias, 139, 140

  La Princesse Georges (play, 1872), 200

  L’Affaire Clemenceau (1867), 200

  Les Femmes qui tuent et les femmes qui votent (essay, 1880), 200-1

  L’Homme-Femme (essay, 1872), 199-200

  Earlswood Asylum in Reigate, 46, 81

  Eddy, Mary Baker, 310

  Edison, Thomas, 270

  Edmunds, Ann Christiana (mother of Christiana), 16, 18, 20, 21, 31, 40, 44, 46, 47, 125

  death of (1893), 48, 132

  husband’s insanity and, 42-3, 81

  memorial to Home Secretary, 116

  visits to Broadmoor, 128, 130

  as witness at Old Bailey, 42, 57, 81-2

  Edmunds, Arthur (brother of Christiana), 42, 44, 46

  Edmunds, Christiana

  amorous letters to Dr Beard, 18, 19, 20-2, 25, 28, 35-8, 45, 57, 64, 79, 107, 122

  arrest of, 22-3

  Baron Martin’s letter to Home Secretary, 111-12, 116

  Brighton Gazette and, 22, 25

  at Broadmoor, 120, 123, 125-33

  charge against rises to murder, 32, 33, 35

  claim of pregnancy, 108-11, 123

  cost of maintenance at Broadmoor, 125-6

  death of (1907), 133

  death penalty respited (24 January 1872), 119-21

  demeanour and appearance during hearings and trial, 28, 32, 33, 34, 69-72, 80, 85, 105-6, 108

  Dr Beard’s attempts to cool relationship, 18, 20, 21-2, 26, 37

  as Dr Beard’s patient, 18, 57, 79, 110

  erotomanic category and, 23, 64, 65

  family background, 16, 39, 40-8, 81-2, 102, 111, 116, 119, 123

  forces sweet into Emily Beard’s mouth, 18-19, 20, 35, 36, 69, 74, 80, 95, 102, 106, 110, 122, 123, 382

  health of at time of poisonings, 57-8, 81, 82

  ‘hysterical paralysis’ (around 1853), 46, 49, 56-7, 81, 123

  image of Victorian femininity and, 74-5, 122-3, 131

  insanity of father, 42-5, 81, 111, 119

  Inspector Gibbs’ investigation and, 15, 16, 22-3, 31, 74, 80

  letter to the Home Office from (October 1880), 131-2

  medical appraisal of for Home Secretary, 117-19

  memorials and petitions to Home Secretary, 43, 47, 116-17, 123-4

  at Newgate prison, 66-7, 82, 109, 116

  obsessive love for Beard, 18-19, 35, 37, 53-4, 57, 59, 78-9, 103, 105-7, 110-11, 116-17, 122, 249, 387

  obtaining of poison by, 26-7, 29-31, 36, 74, 81, 104

  preliminary hearings (August-September 1871), 25-34, 35-8

  remanded in custody, 27, 66

  sends chocolates for chemical examination, 15-16, 21, 35-6

  at Sidney Barker inquest, 15, 20, 21, 25, 35, 36, 37-8, 104, 122

  status and social class issues, 45, 54, 64, 66-8, 75, 128

  as ‘suggestible’, 229

  as ‘victim of poisoning’, 15-16, 19, 20, 21, 22, 31

  see also Old Bailey trial of Christiana Edmunds

  Edmunds, Louisa Agnes (sister of Christiana), 42, 47, 119

  Edmunds, Mary (sister of Christiana), 42, 47-8, 129, 132

  Edmunds, William (brother of Christiana), 42, 47, 128

  Edmunds, William (father of Christiana), 16, 40, 41-5, 119

  Education Act (1870), 68

  Eickemeyer Jr, Rudolf, 278-9

  Eiffel Tower, 219

  electrotherapies, 56

  Ellis, Ruth, 112, 379-80

  Ellis, Sir William Charles, 43-4

  erotomania, 5, 6, 8, 23, 61, 63-4, 65, 386-7, 393

  Erskine, Thomas, 91-2, 93, 103

  Escudier, Leon, 179

  Esquirol, J.-E. D., 6, 98, 121, 168, 169, 170

  Mental Maladies (1838, 1845), 63-4, 65

  eugenics, 310, 311

  European Union, 395

  Evans, Britton D., 311, 320-3, 324, 326-7, 329, 330-1, 332, 334, 344-6, 347, 354

  evolutionary ideas, 83, 161, 310

  execution, judicial

  anxiety of liberal Victorians at, 113

  appeal period after sentence, 113

  death penalty eliminated for most property offences (1837), 113

  electric chair, 270

  in France, 232

  of insane persons as immoral, 88, 89, 111-12, 121

  of John Bellingham, 93

  last in Britain (13 August 1964), 114

  nineteenth-century statistics, 114

  psychiatry and, 378, 397

  public, 78, 113-14

  reduction in number of capital offences, 113

  for sheep-stealing, 121

  suspension and abolition (1965, 1969), 113, 380

  of women, 112, 113, 114, 380 exhibitionism, 169

  expert psychiatric witnesses, 2, 3, 9, 10

  calls for impartiality after Thaw trial, 344, 347, 377

  at Christiana Edmunds trial, 82-7, 102, 103

  difficulties of, 331-2, 375-8

  at Eyraud-Bompard trial, 230-1

  at Ferrers trial, 4

  in French legal system, 168-9, 171-2, 181-8, 189, 224-7, 310

  in Kitty Byron case, 249-50

  at M’Naghten trial, 98-9

  Ruth Ellis case and, 380

  in US legal system, 307, 308-13, 314-16, 318-24, 326-7, 329-35, 337-8, 344-7, 348-9, 354, 363, 375, 380

  Eyraud, Michel, 219-21, 222-3, 224, 227, 228, 232, 233

  Fairfax, Beatrice, 340

  family, 7

  affects of madness in, 42, 44-7, 81-2, 102, 111, 116, 119, 123, 204, 311

  domestic violence,
8, 114-15, 161-2, 187, 194, 341, 382, 392

  hereditarian explanations of insanity, 42, 45-6, 81-2, 84, 86, 103-4, 111, 116, 119, 169, 183-4, 185, 204

  idealized space of the home, 114-15, 251, 306, 336

  see also childhood; marriage

  family courts, 381-2

  Farnham, Frank, 395

  Fatal Attraction (Adrian Lyne, 1987), 394

  Faure, President Félix, 162

  La Fée des Bruyères (The Briar Fairy) (comic opera), 145

  FelidaX, 217-18

  feminism, 53, 199, 236, 251

  slippage between madness and, 200-1

  Fenayrou, Madame, 228

  Ferncliff (Astor estate), 257

  Ferrers, 4th Earl, 3-4

  Ferrie, Albert Warren, 329

  first trial of Harry Kendall Thaw

  ‘brain storm’ term, 322, 326-7, 329, 330-1, 334, 347, 357, 364

  calls for impartial experts after, 344, 347, 377

  commission of expert witnesses (‘sanity commission’), 310, 334-5

  defence case, 305-6, 314-24, 327-8, 331-2, 336

  ‘dementia Americana’ diagnosis, 336, 337, 388

  Evelyn Nesbit’s testimony, 279-80, 300, 301-2, 317-18, 325-6, 339, 341-3, 363

  Evelyn’s demeanour and appearance during, 302, 304, 317-18, 325-6, 339, 341, 343

  expert psychiatric witnesses, 307, 308, 309-13, 314-16, 318-23, 324, 326-7, 329-35, 337-8, 363

  ‘honour’ defence, 268, 292, 305-6, 336, 339 hypothetical questions during, 330, 331, 344-5, 377

  jury fails to reach a verdict (12 April 1907), 338

  jury sequestered by judge, 301

  mother Mrs Thaw’s testimony, 327-8, 350

  non-payment of defence fees, 303, 347, 363

  press reporting of, 262, 300, 301-2, 304, 307, 324, 327, 334, 335, 339-43

  pre-trial Grand Jury hearing, 300

  prosecution case, 304-5, 325-31, 332-3, 336-7

  rational ability to distinguish between right and wrong, 315, 319-20, 329-30, 332, 333, 334, 337-8

  ‘temporary insanity’ plea, 305-6, 307, 310, 313, 323, 324, 325, 328, 332-3, 334-5, 344

  Thaw briefs the press during, 327, 334, 335

  Thaw denies insanity, 303, 327

  Thaw legal team, 302-4, 305

  Thaw’s demeanour and appearance during, 304, 305, 317, 341, 342

  as ‘the Trial of the Century’, 300, 301

  use of Thaw money to influence, 304, 310, 340, 344, 364

  verdicts open to jury, 336-7

  First World War, 236, 244, 246, 312

  Fish family in New York, 286

  Fisher, John C., 274

  Fishkill, New York State, 358, 360

  Fitzgerald, Justice James, 301, 337-8

  Flint, Austin, 312, 329, 330, 366, 367-8, 370-1

  Follett, Sir William Webb, 97

  food poisoning, 14, 15

  Fordham University, New York, 311

  forensic science, 217, 220

  Forgerol, Hippolyte, 186

  Foster, Jodie, 388-9, 391

  France

  belle époque, 133-4, 137-9, 167-8, 188, 193-4, 198, 235-6, 240-1

  Catholic Church in, 134, 167, 171, 194, 203, 238, 240-1

  courtly code of the homme galant, 143-4, 151-2, 155, 168, 180, 190, 191, 193, 387

  crimepassionnel in, 36, 111, 134, 186-8, 193-4, 198, 199, 200, 201-5, 218, 235-6, 242, 245-6

  growth of medico-legal specialization in Third Republic, 170-1, 251

  honour in pre-WW 1 period, 242, 243-4, 397

  Revolution (1789), 168, 170

  separation of Church and state (1905), 194

  women’s rights campaigns, 200-1

  see also judicial and legal system, French; Paris

  France, Anatole, 215, 216

  Franco-Prussian War (1870), 169, 236

  Freud, Anna, 382

  Freud, Sigmund, 6, 46, 53, 59, 130, 188, 250, 309, 355, 388

  Anna O (Bertha Pappenheim) and, 201

  on criminality, 396-7

  lectures at Clark University (1909), 308

  Nancy school and, 225-6

  on paranoia, 287-8

  Friend, Adelaide Ann, 31

  Friends’ Asylum in Frankford, Pennsylvania, 349

  Gall, Franz-Joseph, 71

  Galvanism, 56

  Garanger, Monsieur, 221, 223

  Garibaldi, Giuseppe, 17

  Garland, James, 275, 277

  Garrett, Isaac, 15, 26-7, 29-30, 31, 32, 79

  Garvey, District Attorney, 304-5

  gender

  anxieties about, 5, 9, 71-2, 110-11, 130, 236

  British criminal justice system and, 3, 4-5, 9, 40, 112, 113, 114-15

  crime passionnel in France and, 187-8, 193-5, 198, 199, 200, 201-5, 235-6, 242, 245-6

  in flagrante delicto mitigation and, 187

  honour in pre-WW 1 France, 242, 243-4, 397

  honour in pre-WWl USA, 267-8, 292, 336, 339

  ‘honour killings’, 384-5

  mind-doctors’ diagnoses and, 1, 6, 49-51, 61, 63-4, 81-2, 83-4, 119, 172, 183, 250-1

  poisoning as feminine crime, 25, 69, 114, 199

  stalking and, 387-93

  Victorian notions of masculinity, 114, 115, 339

  see also women

  Gentien, Robert

  abortion issue and, 146, 147, 148, 164, 165, 166, 176, 177-8, 180

  absences from Paris, 144-5, 148-9

  ‘ceremonial visits’ to Marie, 152-3

  courtly code of the homme galant, 143-4, 151-2, 155, 180, 190, 191, 193, 387

  courtship of Marie, 141-3, 175-6, 191

  daughter’s wet-nurse and, 150, 151, 153, 178, 179

  house in Rue Auber, 137, 158

  letters to Marie, 141, 142, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 155

  Marie’s pregnancy and, 146, 147, 148, 164-5

  Marie’s threatened suicide scene, 154-5, 177

  new mistress of, 137, 15A-7, 158

  pays Marie a monthly sum, 155-6, 157, 158, 190

  pre-trial inquiry (instruction) and, 164-6, 190

  reaction to death of daughter, 153

  refusal to acknowledge daughter, 150-2, 176-7, 178-9, 189

  rooms in the Rue de Hanovre, 143

  sends money to Marie, 145, 179-80

  shooting of, 137-8, 139, 158-9, 175, 189-90

  as trial witness, 177-8

  tryst with Marie (16 October 1877), 142, 143, 164, 176

  wounds, 164

  George III, King, 91-2

  George Washington University, 311

  Georget, Étienne-Jean, 168-9

  Georgetown University, 311

  germ theory of disease, 185, 207, 308

  Germany, 10, 171, 207, 236, 238, 347, 381

  Gibbs, Inspector, 15, 16-17, 22-3, 27, 31, 34, 74, 80

  Gibson, Charles Dana, 259

  Gibson, Mr (surgeon to Newgate Prison), 84

  Glaisyer and Kemp (Brighton chemists), 26-7, 29, 32

  Glasgow Mechanics’ Institute, 95 Gleason, John B., 305, 314-15, 316

  Glueck, Bernard, 375-6

  Goldman, Emma, 300, 312

  Goldstein, Joseph, 382

  Goodrich, Edna, 275, 276

  Goron, Marie-Franjois, 220

  Gosette, Amy, 349

  Gouffe, Toussaint-Augustin, 219-21, 223, 233

  governesses, 70

  Government Hospital for the Insane in Washington, 311

  GPS tracking systems, 392

  Grabbam, George W., 81

  graphology, 156

  Gras, Eugénie, 140

  Gray, Effie, 72

  Greeley-Smith, Nixola, 325, 341-2, 343

  Grille, Magdeleine, 212-16, 217, 218

  Gueydan, Berthe, 237-8, 239-40

  Guillot, Adolphe, 159, 163, 166, 189, 190

  Marie Bière and, 163-4

  Gull, Sir William, 117-19, 126, 127, 128, 133

  Gully, Dr James Manby, 61-3

  Gump Jr, Frederick, 371-2

&nb
sp; Guy’s Hospital, London, 118

  habeas corpus, 358, 360-8

  Hadfield (or Hatfield), James, 91-2, 102, 103

  Hale, Lord Justice, 88-9, 97-8, 105

  Hamilton, Allan McLane, 309-10, 313, 329-30, 332-3, 334, 347, 367, 371

  Hammond, Graeme M., 310-11, 312, 316, 331, 332, 334, 344

  Hanwell Asylum in Middlesex, 43

  Harnett, Charles, 302

  Harrington, Sydney Cornish, 43, 47, 116-17

  Harris, Ruth, Murders and Madness (1989), 194

  Hartridge, Clifford W., 364

  hatred, 7, 8, 106, 151, 154, 184, 288, 300, 357, 384- 5, 393

  Havers, Mr Justice, 112, 380

  Hickock, Dick, 378

  Hinckley Jr, John, 388-91

  Hindley, Myra, 219

  Hippocratic oath, 171, 397

  Hippodrome in London, 365

  Hirsch, William, 312-13, 329, 330

  Holland, 381

  Homicide Act (1957), 113

  homosexuality, 217, 380

  Thaw’s penchant for boys, 286, 290, 291-2, 294, 350, 371-2

  ‘honour killings’, 384-5

  Howard University, 311

  Hume, David, Commentaries on the Law of Scotland, 98

  Hummel, Abe, 297, 329

  hydrotherapy, 181

  hypnotic states

  automatisms or altered states, 2, 6, 169, 181, 183, 208, 230, 244-5, 246, 250

  Chambige trial and, 212-14, 216, 217-18

  crime and, 6, 169, 210, 211, 212-14, 216, 217-18, 219, 223-30

  criminal responsibility and, 169, 183, 210, 219

  Eyraud-Bompard case, 219, 223-30

  fear of, 231-4

  Harry Thaw and, 363-4

  Henriette Caillaux case and, 244-5

  hysteria and, 209, 210, 211, 219, 226

  modern mass public and, 207, 219

  Nancy school and, 210-11, 219, 225-6, 227, 228-30, 231, 232-3

  Paris school and, 219, 224-5, 226-7, 230-1

  as popular spectacle, 56, 208, 209, 232

  shooting of Tourette and, 233-4

  sleepwalking (somnambulist) states, 169, 183, 210, 223, 226, 227

  theatrical performances of banned in France (1892), 232

  therapeutic, 211

  hypochondriacal melancholy, 118, 184

  hysteria, 55-6, 58, 63, 84, 119, 249-50

  Charcot and, 209-10

  Christiana Edmunds and, 46, 49, 56-7, 81, 123, 127

  double personality (‘doublement de la vie’), 217-18, 244-5, 246

  electrotherapies, 56

  French diagnoses of, 188

  Freud’s ‘conversion hysteria’, 188

  grande hystérie, 209, 225

  hypnotic states and, 209, 210, 211, 219, 226

  neurological analyses, 51-2, 53-4, 55, 209-10, 225

  petite hystérie, 204, 227

  sexual desire and, 6, 52, 53, 61, 62

  treatments for, 55-8, 61-2

  uterine or ovarian theorists, 49-51, 55

  imitative behaviour, 210, 217, 299

  infanticide, 4-5, 126, 170

 

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