Tennessee Williams: Mad Pilgrimage of the Flesh
Page 90
Flight into Egypt (Tabori), 253
Flora Goforth (char.), 442, 444–48, 467–68, 662n
Foote, Horton, 14, 15
TW’s letters to, 31, 621n
Ford, Ruth, 471, 522
Foresman, Margaret, 491, 497
Forster, E. M., 156
Frank E. Campbell funeral parlor, 589
Frankfurter Allgemeine, 553–54
Freeman, Lucy, 354, 373, 399
Freud, Anna, 634n
Freud, Sigmund, 663n
Fricks, Jack, 494
Fugitive Kind, The (film), 330, 339–41, 339, 340, 395, 677n
see also Battle of Angels (Williams); Orpheus Descending (Williams)
Garbo, Greta, 152
Gardner, Ava, 440, 466
Garfield, John, 133–35
Gauguin, Paul, 18
gay liberation movement, 521
TW attacked by, 532–34
Gay Sunshine, 532
TW’s letter to, 533–34
Gazzara, Ben, 303
Gentleman’s Agreement (film), 133
Gershwin, Ira, 23
ghosts:
TW as, 42, 65, 87, 483, 550, 554, 555, 557, 625n, 714n, 715n
TW’s characters as, 35, 59–60, 179, 183, 205, 209, 332, 549, 555, 556, 560, 562, 563, 567, 578, 601, 628n
Gibbs, Wolcott, 343, 369
Gielgud, John, 156, 159–60
Gigi (dog), 457, 493–94
Gilman, Richard, 455
Gionataiso, Frank, Merlo’s letters to, 165–67
Glass Menagerie, The (film), 169, 173–74, 184, 185, 186
bad reviews of, 187
Breen office objections to, 225–26
negotiations on, 111–12
rewritten ending of, 186–87
TW’s disparaging of, 187–88
Glass Menagerie, The (Williams), 7, 10, 43, 51, 52–55, 73, 88, 95, 126, 355–56, 376, 468, 475, 558, 620n
absent father in, 42, 59
Broadway opening of, 1–4, 13–15, 32–33, 60–64, 63
casting of, 5, 7–8
Chicago reviews of, 12–13
Chicago tryout of, 8–9, 11–13, 621n
early versions of, 30, 31–32, 34–35, 39–40, 367–69
Edwina given half of royalties on, 62–63
ghostliness in, 59–60
London production of, 155–57
new dramatic style unveiled by, 65–67
New York reviews of, 32–33, 61–62, 63–64
quest for redemption in, 66
road company of, 630n, 643n
success of, 68, 69
TW on, 5
Glavin, Bill, 491, 493
TW’s letters to, 501, 505–6
TW’s relationship with, 494–97, 507–8, 705n, 707n
Glenville, Peter, 525, 527, 539
Gnadiges Fraulein, The (Williams), 474–75, 477–82, 481, 494–95
reviews of, 482
Goforth, Flora (char.), 442, 444–48, 467–68, 662n
Golden Age, The (Vidal), 222
Goldman, Milton, 519, 571, 587
Goodman, Lord Arnold, 595–96
Goodman Theatre (Chicago), 573, 579
Gotham Book Mart, 599
Gov’t Inspected Meat and Other Fun Summer Things (Rader), 522
Gray, Bill, 280, 494
Gross, Elliot M.:
on cause of TW’s death, 587–88
New York Times exposé of, 588
Grotowski, Jerzy, 476
Group Theatre, 16, 22, 130, 342, 631n, 657n
Grove Weidenfeld, 599
Guardian (London), 591–92
Guggenheim, Peggy, 236
Guys and Dolls (musical), 210
Hack, Keith, 560
Hadrian (char.), 75, 76–77
Haigh, Kenneth, 564, 567
Halberstam, David, 223
Hall, Peter, 555, 596, 597
Hamlin, Harry, 557
Hammerstein, Oscar, 275
Hancock, John, 442–43, 483, 517, 556–58, 695n
Hannah Jelkes (char.), 414, 416, 421, 424, 440
Harford, Carl, 497, 500
Harper’s Bazaar, 526
Harrison, Rex, 213–14
Harris, Ralph, 474
Hart, Moss, 23, 348, 372
Hartman Theatre (Stamford), 597
Harvard University:
as TW’s designated literary trustee, 592
TW’s honorary degree from, 579, 581
TW’s papers donated to, 579, 595
Harvey, Laurence, 238–40
Havana, TW’s trips to, 349–50, 400
Haydon, Julie, Glass Menagerie and, 8, 9, 10, 60
Hayes, Helen, 114, 156, 157, 158
Hazan, Joseph, 89, 635
TW’s letters to, 29, 99
Healy, Jo, 364
Heartsong, 126
Heavenly (char.), 378–79
Helburn, Theresa, 20, 27
Hellman, Lillian, 468
Hemingway, Ernest, as character in Clothes for a Summer Hotel, 563–64
Henderson, Bobby, 302
Henderson, Cathy, 596
Henderson, Mary, 164–65, 167
Hepburn, Katharine, 414, 424–25, 468
Herlie, Eileen, 509–10, 511
Herlihy, James Leo, 457
Hidden Selves (Khan), 670n–71n
Hickey, William, 531
Hide and Seek (film), see Baby Doll (film)
Hill, George Roy, 412
Hines, Robert, 450–51, 494
Hobson, Laura Z., 348
Hoctor, Emmett, 681n–82n
Holly, Catharine (char.), 356, 357, 359, 367, 369, 398, 420
Hollywood:
anti-Communist hysteria in, 248–49
TW in, 184–88
Hollywood’s Tennessee (Palmer and Bray), 227
Holman, Libby, 275
homosexuality, homosexuals:
bigotry toward, 222–23, 258, 534
Brick as repressed, 304–5
TW as, 79, 82–83, 521, 532–34, 545
Walter Dakin as possible, 41–42
see also gay liberation movement
Hook, The (film), 198
Hooks, Bobby, 470–71
Hopkins, Konrad, TW’s letters to, 267, 272
Hopkins, Miriam, Battle of Angels and, 22–25, 24, 27
Horowitz, Vladimir, 348
Hotel Elysée, 582
House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC), Kazan’s testimony to, 248, 249, 251–52
House Not Meant to Stand, A (Williams), 572–73, 575–79, 575, 580, 597
reviews of, 579
“How Can I Tell You?” (Williams), 328
“Humble Star” (Williams), 191–92
Hunt, William:
Small Craft Warnings and, 521, 529
TW’s letters to, 521–22, 527
Hunter, Kim, 145, 151–52, 249
Hunter, Mary, 475
Hunter, Tab, 468–70, 471, 472
Huston, John, 127, 298, 440, 466
If You Don’t Dance They Beat You (Quintero), 385
Infantile Neurosis and Other Works, An (S. Freud), 663
Inge, William, 210, 275, 311, 348, 406, 412, 482
Splendor in the Grass and, 390, 406, 410
TW’s influence on, 406
TW’s jealousy of, 311, 406
International Creative Management (ICM), 518–19, 568, 571
International Shoe Company, 35, 46, 56–57, 344
In the Bar of a Tokyo Hotel (Williams), 485–90, 486, 491–92, 506
as examination of TW’s self-loathing, 485–86
reviews of, 492, 703n–4n
struggle between creativity and self-destruction in, 488–89
Ionesco, Eugene, 476, 479
Iowa, University of, 16, 77, 78, 366
“Iron Is the Winter” (Williams), 99
“Iron Man” (Williams), 353
Isherwood, Christopher, 156, 169, 302, 324, 403
“Isolated” (Williams)
, 59
Ivanhoe Theater (Chicago), 509
Ives, Burl, 303, 308, 309
Jabe (char.), 17, 19, 332, 335
Jackson, Anne, 163, 566
Jackson, Charles, 348
Jacobson, Max (“Dr. Feelgood”), 431–32, 478, 494–95
J.B. (MacLeish), 394
Jelkes, Hannah (char.), 414, 416, 421, 424, 440
John Buchanan (char.), 79, 94, 97, 103, 122
Jones, Margo, 137, 158, 649n
death of, 314
Glass Menagerie and, 8–9, 12, 15
Summer and Smoke directed by, 115, 125, 150, 152, 162–64
TW on, 163
TW’s letters to, 31–32, 100, 106, 139, 151, 221, 639n, 644n, 646n
Jones, Robert Edmond, 1, 33
Jordan, Richard, 557
Jouvet, Louis, 152
Junior Life, 59
Jurado, Katy, 551
Kafka, Franz, 151
Kalem, Ted, 288, 530
Katselas, Milton, 549
Kauffmann, Stanley, 482
Kazan, Athena, 242–43, 244
Kazan, Elia, 71, 128, 132, 152, 162, 260, 274, 342, 465, 501, 549
Academy lifetime achievement award of, 252–53
acting style influenced by, 129–30
Actors Studio co-founded by, 130
All My Sons and, 129, 131
Baby Doll and, 245–46, 317–20, 408
as best-selling novelist, 410
Brando on, 130
Camino Real and, 253, 254, 256, 257, 258, 259–74
Cat on a Hot Tin Roof and, 291–92, 302–8, 312, 313, 408–9, 673n
Communist Party and, 243, 248–49, 251–53
competitiveness of, 243–44, 390
in creative break with TW, 313, 408–11
Death of a Salesman and, 194
directing methods of, 130, 244–45, 268–71
director-producer relationship reinvented by, 131, 132
dramatic collaboration of TW and, 241, 245, 261–62, 292, 296, 304, 308, 312, 313–14, 384–85, 388–89, 405, 409
family background of, 242–43
as father figure for TW, 245
Gentleman’s Agreement and, 133, 194
in growing frustration with role of director, 389–90, 673n
HUAC testimony of, 248, 249, 251–52
Man on a Tightrope and, 254, 259
as most powerful director in U.S., 194, 410
Night of the Iguana and, 435, 436
On the Waterfront and, 262
Orpheus Descending and, 289–91, 679n–80n
as outsider, 242, 243
Period of Adjustment and, 396, 405–6, 412
personality of, 129
as reliant on Thacher’s critical judgment, 262–63
Rose Tattoo and, 183, 193–94, 195–96, 198–201, 203, 204, 240
on St. Just, 157
Selznick’s relationship with, 131, 132–33, 145, 253
Splendor in the Grass and, 390, 406, 410
Streetcar (film) and, 226–28, 230–32, 249
Streetcar (play) and, 119–20, 122, 129, 139, 141, 142–43, 142, 145, 146, 149, 610n
structural insight of, 194
Sweet Bird of Youth and, 377, 378, 383–91, 392, 394, 399–400, 408, 673n
TW’s correspondence with, 56, 136, 152, 153, 171, 182, 185, 192, 194, 199–200, 211, 212–13, 219, 232–33, 235, 241, 254, 255, 256, 260, 280, 290, 291–92, 294–95, 296–97, 303, 304–5, 312, 313, 319, 330, 337, 349, 352, 356, 371–72, 373, 377, 378, 388–91, 394–95, 396, 406, 408, 409, 410–11, 440, 452, 550, 567, 679n–80n, 689n
on TW’s death, 588
on TW’s expressed desire for children, 249–50
on TW’s need for success, 409
on TW’s newly relaxed manner, 371–72
TW’s personal relationship with, 130–31, 215, 240–42, 244, 245, 253, 410–11, 412
TW’s post-HUAC loyalty to, 253
on TW’s psychoanalysis, 378
on TW’s relationship with Pancho, 143
Wild River screenplay of, 390, 410
womanizing by, 243–44
Kazan, George, 242
Kazan, Molly, see Thacher, Molly Day
Kazan, Nick, 262
Keathley, George, 327, 327, 399, 509, 510–11, 680n
Kelly, Grace, 312
Kennedy, John F., assassination of, 471
Kennedy Center Honors, 554, 567, 568–69
Kerr, Deborah, 440, 466
Kerr, Walter, 273, 311, 392, 440, 442, 482, 560
TW’s letters to, 274–75, 554, 703n–4n
Key West, Fla.:
homophobia in, 222, 223, 534
TW in, 116–17, 188–90, 214, 233, 277–78, 283–84, 315, 457, 473, 491, 496–97, 507–8, 540–41
TW’s house in, 188–90, 189, 223, 324, 419, 450, 457
TW’s sale of house in, 580–82
Walter Dakin in, 42, 116–17, 188–89, 283–84, 414
Williams family visits to, 219, 223
Khan, Masud, 287, 670n–71n
Kiely, Robert, 579
Kiernan, Kip (Bernard Dubowsky), 89–94, 91, 413, 569
as prototype of TW male heroes, 94
TW’s relationship with, 90–92, 635n, 636n
Kilgallen, Dorothy, 222
Kilroy (char.), 254, 256, 264, 269, 271
Kingdom of Earth (Williams), see Seven Descents of Myrtle, The (Williams)
Kinsey, Alfred, 223
Kluz, Mark, 525
Knight, Shirley, 597
Korda, Michael, 545, 713n
Korean War, 219, 233
Kosmonopolis, Princess (char.), 375–76, 385, 389–90
as surrogate for TW, 380–81, 390–91
Kowalski, Stanley (char.), 94, 95, 118–19, 122, 229
Brando on, 137, 138
Kazan on, 146, 942n
Pancho as model for, 143
TW on, 122–23
Kowalski, Stella (char.), 99, 118–20, 122, 229
Kramer, Hazel, 78, 632n
Krause, Frank, 351
Kretzmer, Herbert, 549
Kroll, Jack, 492
Kronenberger, Louis, 273
Kubie, Lawrence S., 347, 680n
professional career of, 347–48
on Suddenly Last Summer, 370–71
TW psychoanalyzed by, 346–47, 348–49, 350–56, 372–73, 375, 377, 395, 402, 684n
Kunes, Steven, 579–80
Kushner, Tony, 369, 476
“Lady and Tennessee, The” (Lahr), xv
Lady in the Dark (musical), 23, 348
Lady Torrance (char.), 331–36
La MaMa, 477
Landesman, Rocco, 597
Langner, Lawrence, 26, 27–28, 126, 623n
Lanier, Sidney, 461, 473, 589
Lasky, Floria, 520
La Touche, John, 167, 275
Laughlin, James, 82, 170, 502
and Leverich’s biography of TW, 599–600
on Rose Tattoo, 203
St. Just and, 298–99, 300–301, 514
TW’s correspondence with, 9–10, 27, 49, 70, 71, 105–6, 145, 154–55, 210, 211, 272, 278, 299, 300–301, 442, 492, 631n
and TW’s death, 583
TW’s encomium to, 582
Laura (char.), see Wingfield, Laura (char.)
Laurence, Paula, 157, 362, 363, 431, 474–75, 594
Lawford, Pat Kennedy, 564, 566
Lawrence, D. H., 1, 29
Lawrence, Gertrude, 23, 186
Leavitt, Richard, 346, 462
Lee, Gypsy Rose, 22, 275
Lee, Ming Cho, 480
Lee, Robert, 450
Legion of Decency, 229–32, 320
Leigh, Vivien, 199, 228, 249
Leighton, Margaret, 475, 480–81, 514
in Night of the Iguana, 425, 426, 427, 428, 433, 436
Lenya, Lotte, 275
Lerner, Max, 686n
LeRoy, Joseph, 491, 704n
“Let It All Hang Out” (Williams), 51<
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Letter to His Father (Kafka), 151
Leverich, Lyle, xiii, 56, 359
as TW’s personally authorized biographer, xiv–xv, 598–600, 601
Levy, Dr., 503, 504, 506
Lewis, Robert, 199
Liebling, William, 1, 3, 112, 125, 135, 253, 310, 311, 400, 582, 639n, 677n
death of, 516–17
Liebling-Wood agency, 2
Life, 476, 492
Life, A (Kazan), 317, 390, 410
“Life Story” (Williams), 568
Little Foxes, The (Hellman), 468
Living Theatre, 476
Lobdell, David, 519, 534
TW’s letters to, 485, 506–7, 625n
Logan, Josh, 156, 348, 372
London Evening Standard, 591
Longacre Theatre, 494–95
Look Back in Anger (Osborne), 467
Loomis, David, 497
Losey, Joseph, 448, 485
Loss of a Tear Drop Diamond, The (Williams), 372
“Love and the Rind of Time” (McCullers), 107, 639n
Ludlam, Charles, 476
Lumet, Sidney, 340–41, 340
Luther (Osborne), 467
Lyndon, Andrew, 507
Lyon, Sue, 466
MacGregor, Robert, 420, 455, 491, 493–94, 503
Machiz, Herbert, 441, 454–55, 489, 492
MacLeish, Archibald, 241, 394
Madden, Donald, 509, 511
Maggie (char.), see Pollitt, Maggie
Magnani, Anna, 174, 325, 417
on Brando, 678n
Brando on, 339, 340–41
in Fugitive Kind, 339–41, 339
Orpheus Descending and, 336–37, 339
Rose Tattoo and, 202–3, 291, 315, 317, 317, 337
TW’s relationship with, 202–3, 315, 336–37, 376
Mailer, Norman, 527
Malden, Karl, 249, 318, 318
“Malediction, The” (Williams), 633n
Mamet, David, 715n
Man for All Seasons, A (Bolt), 440
Mangiacavallo, Alvaro (char.), 94, 182–83, 200, 204, 205–8, 206
Merlo as model for, 190–91, 209, 233
“Man in the Overstuffed Chair, The” (Williams), 253–54, 344–45
Mankiewicz, Joseph, 290, 424
Mann, Danny, 199
Rose Tattoo and, 211
Mann, Eric, 525
Manners, Hartley, 3
Man on a Tightrope (film), 254, 259
Mansfield, Katherine, 29
Man Who Bit the Sun, The (Nicklaus), 454
“Many Writers, Few Plays” (Miller), 665n
Mao Zedong, 219
March, Fredric, 275
Mark (char.), 486–90
TW on, 489
Martin Beck Theatre (New York), 336, 386, 392
Massie, Jordan, 110, 111, 293, 297, 672n
Matilda (char.), 75, 77
Maxine Faulk (char.), 414, 425, 439–40
Maxtone-Graham, John, 426, 427, 428–29, 433, 435
Maxwell, Gilbert, 346, 399, 401, 449, 462, 680n, 687n
May, Elaine, 441
McCann, Elizabeth, 596
McCarthy, Joseph, 222