Tolkien and the Great War
Page 42
Grove, Jennie (EMT’s cousin) 134, 232, 234, 240, 246, 249
Guingelot (Wade’s boat) 86-7
Gwendeling (queen of Artanor) 262, 271
Habbanan (purgatorial plain) 112, 113, 127
Haggard, Henry Rider 290
She 20fn., 78, 79, 80
Haig, Field-Marshal Sir Douglas (British Army commander-in-chief) 147, 200, 305
Hammer of Wrath (battalion of Gondolin) 294, 295, 299
Hammond, Wayne G. 281
Hardy, Thomas: Tess of the D’Urbervilles 266
Harrison (11th LF batman) 171
Harrogate, Yorkshire 232, 233
Havelock the Dane 63
Hédauville, France 178, 190
hemlock 238 and fn.
Hengest 43, 224-5
Henley, W. E. 93
Heorrenda (Eriol’s son) 229, 273
heroism see courage
Herrick, Robert 102
Hessian Trench, France 194, 195, 196-7, 198, 199
Higgins, H. L. (KES) 250fn.
High Heath, Battle of the 273-4, 278
High Wood, France 182
Hill of Death 266
Hitler, Adolf 42, 96, 223, 293
The Hobbit, see under Tolkien, J.R.R., stories
hobbits 226, 264, 282-3, 305
Holderness peninsula 234-9, 242-4
Homer 13, 17
Iliad 42, 43
Odyssey 116, 135
Hornsea, Holderness 234, 239, 240
Horsa 43, 224-5
Housman, A. E.: A Shropshire Lad 26
Huan (talking hound) 263
Hull: Brooklands Officers’ Hospital 239-40, 242, 246, 247-8
humans see Men
Humber Garrison 234, 238, 245, 248; see also Lancashire Fusiliers, 3rd, and Royal Defence Corps, 9th
Huxley, Aldous: ‘Glastonbury’ 67fn.
Huxtable, Leslie Risdon (11th LF subaltern) 190, 193, 194, 235, 239
Hynes, Samuel: A War Imagined 287, 289, 301-2
Ibsen, Henrik 105
Icelandic and Old Norse 33, 34, 63, 95, 281
Idril (Elf of Gondolin) 214, 217
Ilmarinen 51
Ilmatar 25
Ilu (high airs) 127
ilúindo (heavenly dwellings) 127
Iluvatar 125, 254, 255, 258, 265, 266, 275, 276-7, 301, 306
immortality and death 109, 112-13, 126, 260, 264-5, 275-7, 283, 306, 309
in fairy tradition 78, 107
Smith’s views 118, 181-2, 210, 211-12
Wiseman’s views 232, 253
see also Peter Pan under Barrie and She under Haggard
Incledon, Marjorie (JRRT’s cousin) 83, 225
Incledon, Mary (JRRT’s cousin) 83, 225
and Nevbosh 15
Incledon, May (JRRT’s aunt) 83
Incledon, Walter (JRRT’s uncle) 83
Indian Civil Service 57
Indo-European 15, 60, 96, 98
Ing (in Germanic legend) 34
Ingil (Inwë’s son) 126; Ingilmo 127
Ingilnórë (England) 126
Ingwë (in the ‘Silmarillion’) 228
Inklings 282
Invincible, HMS 142
Inwë (Elven king over the sea) 126, 228
Inweli (royal house of fairies) 126; see also Teleri
Inwinórë (‘Faëry’) 80, 126
Ireland 141, 273
Eriu 96
Home Rule 22, 230
irony 124, 137, 262, 267-8, 271, 302-5, 309
Irminsûl (Germanic totem) 98
Jellicoe, Admiral Sir John (British Grand Fleet commander) 78
Johnson, Dr Samuel 81, 101
Jutland, Battle of (1916) 142, 146 Kalevala (Finnish epic) 25-6, 50-1, 52, 53, 59, 60, 85, 123, 213, 215, 231, 241, 254, 272
Kalimban (Germany) 128
kalimbardi
(1) Germans 128
(2) goblins 218 and fn.
Kampo 63; see also Eärendel
Karkaras (wolf of Angband) 263, 265
Keats, John 13, 82
‘Ode to a Nightingale’ 89
Kempson, Valentine Harold (11th LF adjutant) 172, 206
Kendrick, Mrs (EMT’s landlady) 134
Kershaw (11th LF batman) 171
King, Estelle 100, 101, 115, 116, 146
King, Wilson (former U.S. consul) 100
King Edward’s Horse 24-5
King Edward’s School, Birmingham 5, 12, 13, 16, 18
anthem 22
Chronicle 8, 20, 23, 25, 27, 28, 52, 249
classicism 19fn., 290
debating society 21-2, 27, 183
Greek Plays 18
houses (Measures’, Richards’) 4-5, 6, 7, 20, 106
Library 5, 6, 25, 27, 78-9
Literary Society 5
Officer Training Corps 21, 22-4
Old Edwardians 14, 31, 41, 182, 183, 185, 206
rugby 3, 4-5, 6-8, 18, 32
Sports Day 156
war casualties 250 and fn.
Kipling, Rudyard 93
Kirkby, W. H. (KES master) 23
Kitchener, Lord Horatio 23, 37, 40, 42, 143
Koivië-néni 241; see also Waters of Awakening
Kôr (capital of Elvenhome) 78, 79-81, 83, 91, 107, 108, 113, 126, 213, 216, 226, 227, 241, 259, 260, 272, 294
in Haggard’s She 78-80
Kortirion (Warwick) 107, 108, 109, 110, 126, 187, 207fn., 226, 228; see also ‘Kortirion among the Trees’ under Tolkien, J. R. R., poetry
Kullervo 26, 241; see The Story of Kullervo under Tolkien, J. R. R., stories
La Boisselle, France 161, 163, 164, 166, 167, 295
battle for 154, 155, 158
Laketown 308
Lamps (that light the world) 258, 259
Lancashire Fusiliers
3rd (Reserve) Battalion 232, 234, 235, 239
11th (Service) Battalion xii, 144, 147-50, 152, 157-8, 161-7, 168, 170-3, 176 and fn., 178-9, 188-90, 191-5, 196-201, 206, 239, 245, 246, 294, 295
13th (Reserve) Battalion 88, 89, 93-5, 103-4, 114-15, 190
19th (Service) Battalion (‘3rd Salford Pals’) 64fn., 67, 68-9, 82, 89, 101, 103, 110-12, 118, 119, 154, 159-60, 161, 177, 178, 209, 210, 245, 246, 295
Lang, Andrew: Fairy Books 13, 77, 263
Larkin, Philip 21
Latin 4, 13, 14, 16, 18, 22, 30, 52, 184
Leeds University 278
Le Havre, France 111, 205
Leipzig Salient, France 159, 160, 163, 188
Lemminkäinen 25, 51
Lenin, V. I. 223, 242
Le Touquet: Duchess of Westmorland Hospital 201, 205
Lewis, C. S. 281-2, 290, 311, 312
Lichfield, Earls of 103, 134
Lichnowsky, Prince Karl Max (German ambassador) 37
limpë (fairy drink) 126
Lincolnshire Regiment, 10th Battalion (Grimsby Chums) 153
Lindo (Elf of the Cottage of Lost Play) 225, 227
Lindrick Camp, Yorkshire 82
Lirillion (first half of January) 128fn. Lirillo (Vala of song) 126, 128
London 23, 104-5, 133, 143
Routh Road, Wandsworth 47, 57, 58, 105
Lonely Isle 127-8; see also under Tolkien, J. R. R., poetry
Lönnrot, Elias: Kalevala 50-1
Loos, Battle of (1915) 102
The Lord of the Rings, see under Tolkien, J.R.R., stories
Lórien Olofantur (Vala of dreams) 241, 256, 262
Loseby, Geoffrey (11th LF subaltern) 171
Lothlórien 228
Loyal North Lancashires, 9th Battalion 148, 198
Louvain, destruction of 41, 133
Lucas, Frank Laurence 56-7
Tragedy: Serious drama in relation to Aristotle’s Poetics 306
Mabinogion 7, 55, 122, 195, 213, 236, 296
Macaulay, Thomas Babington: Lays of Ancient Rome 20, 229, 230, 290
Macdonald, Alexander: The Lost Explorers 79
MacDonald, George
‘Curdie’ books 76
‘The Fantastic
Imagination’ 77
The Princess and the Goblin 13, 77
Machen, Arthur: ‘The Bowmen’ 86
machines 43, 165, 190-1, 220-3, 300, 308, 311
Mailly-Maillet, France 173
Makar (Vala of battle) 125, 128, 257
Manchester Regiment, 2nd Battalion 117fn.
Mandos
(1) hell 127
(2) Vala of death 241, 256, 265, 283
manimuinë (Purgatory) 127
Manning, Frederic: The Middle Parts of Fortune 299
Manwë (chief of the Valar) 241, 256, 257, 266; see also Súlimi
Marlowe, Christopher 81
Marsh, Edward (ed.): Georgian Poetry 64
Marston Green, Warwickshire (Gilson family home) 95, 101, 102, 156
Mar Vanwa Tyalieva 225, 228; see also Cottage of Lost Play
Masefield, John: The Old Front Line 163
Mash Valley, France 154, 161, 164
Mavwin (mother of Túrin Turambar) 266, 268
Méassë (Vala of slaughter) 257
Measures, A. E. (‘Algy’, KES master) 18
medievalism 14, 34, 39-40, 121, 244, 288-92; see also Middle Ages
Meglin 218, 222, 223
Melko (fallen Vala) 215, 216, 218, 222-3, 240, 241, 255-8, 260, 264, 266, 268, 269, 271, 272, 275, 277, 294, 300, 305; Melkor 222; Morgoth 222, 236
Mellor, R.: ‘Ode to a Fullerphone’ 192fn. Men (mortals, humans) 35, 48, 74, 75, 76, 86, 94, 95-100, 121, 123, 126, 127, 215, 217, 219, 258, 269-70, 272, 273-7, 296-7
Mercia (Anglo-Saxon kingdom) 95
Meril-i-Turinqi (Elf-queen of the Lonely Isle) 228
Messines, Battle of (1917) 239
Metcalfe, John Christian Prideaux
Eamonson (11th LF officer) 172, 190, 198, 295
Middle-earth xi, 3-4, 39, 113, 236, 258fn., 287, 289, 293, 299, 304, 309
Middangeard (Old English) 43, 44
Middle Ages 251, 256
Middle English 15, 51-2, 63, 64, 278
Mielikki 25
Milne, A. A. 114
Milford-on-Sea, Hampshire 283, 284
Milton, John 13, 221, 296, 298, 306
Paradise Lost 50, 255
Minas Tirith 312
Minden, Battle of (1759) 68, 173, 192, 239, 240
miruvórë (divine drink) 97, 126
Mitton, Mabel (née Tolkien; JRRT’s aunt) 207
Mitton, Thomas Ewart (JRRT’s cousin) 207, 250
Mitton, Tom (JRRT’s uncle) 207
modernism 288, 290, 291, 293
Mons, Battle of (1914) 40, 41, 85-6
Moon 45-6, 60, 65-6, 81, 84, 91, 126-7, 258, 261
Man in the Moon see Uole-mi-Kume and ‘Why the Man in the Moon came down too soon’ under Tolkien, J.R.R., poetry
Morannon (Black Gate of Mordor) 310
Mordor 96, 310
Morgan, Father Francis (JRRT’s guardian) 12, 16, 29, 48, 129, 138, 242
Morgoth 39, 222, 236; see also Melko
Moria 80
Mormakil (Túrin Turambar) 269
Morris, William 14, 26, 34, 40, 290, 312
The Earthly Paradise 185, 224, 296
The House of the Wolfings 35, 219, 310
The Life and Death of Jason 35
The Roots of the Mountains 310
Volsunga Saga (trs) 35
The Well at the World’s End 215, 296
Morris Jones, John: A Welsh Grammar 35
mortals see Men
Morton, Major Philip (Cambridgeshires) 155-6, 170 and fn.
Morwen (Jupiter) 62, 127; see also Voronwë
Mount Kemmel, Belgium 247
Mouquet Farm, France 194, 195
Munday, E. (11th LF adjutant) 206
Murphy, C. C. R.: History of the Suffolk Regiment 150
Naffarin (invented language) 16
Naimi (Eriol’s elven wife) 229
Napier, A. S. (Oxford professor of Anglo-Saxon) 33
Nardi (flower fairy) 126 National Observer 93
nationalism 21, 51-2, 58, 110, 229-30 The Navy Book of Fairy Tales 78
Neave, Jane (JRRT’s aunt) 41, 44
Necklace of the Dwarves 271-2
Neuve-Chapelle, Battle of (1915) 64
Nevbosh (invented language) 15
New English Dictionary 249
Newbolt, Sir Henry: ‘Vitaï Lampada’ 21
Niëliqi (maiden of the Valar) 125
Nierninwa (Sirius) 127
Níniel 267, 268, 269, 270
Nînin Udathriol (Battle of Unnumbered Tears) 241
Noldoli (Gnomes; sg. Noldo) 121, 124, 126, 128, 214, 216, 219-20, 221, 259; Noldor (in the ‘Silmarillion’) 213
Noldomar (land of Gnomes) 126
Noldor 213
Noldorin (a Vala) 128, 241, 257fn.; see also Lirillo
No Man’s Land 147, 155, 248
Normans 34, 52, 130, 133
Norse mythology and sagas 5, 33, 34, 86-7, 127, 222, 227, 257, 271
nostalgia 72, 73, 106, 108, 109, 132, 136, 181, 189, 297-8
Númenor 53, 236
Oaritsi (mermaids) 125
Odin 256, 257
Oedipus 270
Officer Training Corps (OTC) see under King Edward’s School and Oxford
Old English (or Anglo-Saxon) 16, 34, 42, 44-5, 51-2, 96, 220, 277, 278, 291
Old High German 15
Old Norse see Icelandic
Onions, Oliver 311
Orcs 127, 220, 241, 268-9, 299, 308; see also Goblins
Orkney Islands 141, 143
Oromë (huntsman of the Valar) 241, 256
Orwell, George 300
Nineteen Eighty-four 223
Ossë (Vala of the seas) 237, 241, 259
Ottor Wœfre (Eriol) 225
Ovillers, France 161, 163-8, 171, 172, 177, 189, 194, 195, 299
Ovillers Post, France 195, 196, 199
Owen, Wilfred 117fn., 288, 289, 291, 295, 300, 301, 302, 303, 312
‘Anthem for Doomed Youth’ 288
‘Dulce et decorum est’ 300-1
‘Soldier’s Dream’ 266
The Owl and the Nightingale (Middle English poem) 64
Oxford 35, 49, 95, 105, 128, 130, 133, 216, 225, 243, 248, 278, 294
St John Street 49, 67, 72, 83, 249, 250, 277
Oxford Magazine 57, 116
Oxford Poetry 1915 101, 102, 116, 120
Oxford University 35, 48-9, 57, 68, 82, 131-2; see also Exeter College
Anglo-German Club 37
Corpus Christi College 7, 31, 52
Magdalen College 57, 64, 281
Merton College 249, 283
Newdigate Prize 67 and fn.
Officer Training Corps 24, 37, 50, 83
war casualties 9, 250
see also Exeter College
Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry 48
8th Battalion 57, 67
‘Pals’ battalions 68
Paracelsus 76
Paris 129, 147, 189
Passchendaele, Battle of (‘Third Ypres’, 1917) 239, 250
Path of Dreams (to Valinor) 227; cf. ‘the magic track’ 73
Patterson, H. (KES) 250fn.
Payton, Ralph Stuart (‘the Baby’; TCBS member) 19fn., 27, 31, 57, 68, 110, 182, 250
Payton, Wilfrid Hugh (‘Whiffy’; TCBS member) 18, 19fn., 21, 23, 27, 55, 57, 182-3
Penkridge Camp, Cannock Chase 104, 110, 246
Penmaenmawr, Wales 67, 82
Peter Pan see Barrie, J. M.
Pinero, Sir Arthur Wing: The Big Drum 105
Poetic Edda 33
Pools of Twilight (scene of battle) 241
Pope, Alexander 116, 281
Potts, G. A. (11th LF subaltern) 173
Pound, Ezra 289, 290, 291
Pozières, France 172
Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood 14, 185
Priestley, J. B. 19, 26
primitivism 60
Princess Caroline (troop ship) 111
Purkiss, Diane: Troublesome Things 292
Qenya (invented language) 60, 61-3, 76, 80, 81, 86, 96, 97, 98, 107, 112, 123, 124-5, 212-13, 218, 220, 225, 228fn., 247, 255
Ramandor 125; see also Makar
Ranon (JRRT) 207fn.
‘Rapunzel’ 263
Reade, Father Vincent (Birmingham) 40, 94
Rednal, Worcestershire 12, 72
Regina Trench, France 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 247
Reynard the Fox 263
Reynolds, Richard William (‘Dickie’; KES master) 13, 76, 93, 101, 120, 279, 280, 290
Reynolds, Lt W. H. (11th LF and 74th Bde signals officer) 144, 158, 171, 176fn.
Rickettsia quintana 200
Rivendell 255
Roberts, Earl Frederick 23
Rodothlim (a Gnomish people) 267, 269
Roman Catholicism 5, 12, 33, 36, 41, 121, 157, 251
romance 14, 35, 47, 85, 215, 218, 219, 288, 290, 296, 302, 305, 312
Romans 15, 219, 229, 310
Romanticism 5, 28, 35, 36, 47, 51, 62, 64, 105, 122, 216, 229, 261, 288, 290, 294, 299
Roos, Holderness 234, 237, 238, 240, 242, 261
Rowson, Stanley (11th LF subaltern) 193
Royal Defence Corps, 9th Battalion 243, 245
Royal Engineers 165, 172, 178, 207
Royal Field Artillery 57, 111
Royal Irish Rifles, 2nd Battalion 149, 157, 164, 167, 168, 197, 198
Royal Warwickshire Regiment
1/5th Battalion (Charles Carrington’s) 162, 167-8, 299
14th Battalion (1st Birmingham Battalion) 41 and fn., 48, 57, 68, 182-3
16th Battalion (3rd Birmingham Battalion) 41 and fn., 48, 68, 182fn.
Ruamórë 127; ‘home of Night’ 53
Ruan Minor, Cornwall 40
Rubempré, France 148
Rugeley Camp, Cannock Chase 103