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A History of Britain, Volume 2

Page 61

by Simon Schama


  Plumb, J. H., The Growth of Political Stability in England, 1675–1725 (Penguin 1967)

  Plumb, J. H., The Making of a Historian: Collected Essays (Harvester–Wheatsheaf 1988)

  Porter, Roy, Enlightenment: Britain and the Creation of the Modern World (Penguin 2000)

  Prebble, John, The Darien Disaster (1968)

  Richards, E., A History of the Highland Clearances, 2 vols (Croom Helm 1982 and 1985)

  Sanderson, M. H. B., Robert Adam and Scotland (HMSO 1992)

  Scott, P. H., Defoe in Edinburgh (Tuckwell 1995)

  Scott-Moncrieff, Lesley (ed.), The ’45: To Gather an Image Whole (Mercat 1988)

  Smart, A., Allan Ramsay (Yale UP 1992)

  Smout, T. C., A History of the Scottish People (Penguin 1969)

  Spadafora, David, The Idea of Progress in Eighteenth Century Britain (Yale 1990)

  Speck, W. A., Stability and Strife, England, 1714–1760 (Arnold 1977)

  CHAPTER SIX

  Anderson, Fred, Crucible of War: The Seven Years’ War and the Fate of Empire in British North America, 1754–1766 (Knopf 2000)

  Armitage, David, The Ideological Origins of the British Empire (CUP 2000)

  Ayling, Stanley, The Elder Pitt (Collins 1976)

  Bailyn, Bernard, The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution (Harvard UP 1992)

  Bailyn, Bernard, The Ordeal of Thomas Hutchinson (Harvard UP 1974)

  Bailyn, Bernard, Voyagers to the West. A Passage in the Peopling of America on the Eve of the Revolution (Random House 1988)

  Bayly, C. A., Empire and Information: Intelligence Gathering and Social Communication in India, 1780–1870 (CUP 1997)

  Bayly, C. A., Imperial Meridian: The British Empire and the World, 1780–1830 (Longman 1989)

  Bayly, C. A., Rulers, Townsmen and Bazaars: North Indian Society in the Age of British Expansion, 1770–1870 (CUP 1983)

  Bayly, C.A. et al. (eds.), The Raj: India and the British, 1600–1947 (Nat. Portrait Gallery 1990)

  Bayly, Susan, Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age (CUP 1999)

  Beckles, Hilary, A History of Barbados (CUP 1990)

  Blackburn, Robin, The Making of New World Slavery. From the Baroque to the Modern 1492–1800 (Verso, 1997)

  Butler, Jon, Becoming America: The Revolution before 1776 (Harvard UP 2000)

  Canny, N. (ed.), The Origins of Empire: British Overseas Enterprise to the Close of the Seventeenth Century. The Oxford History of the British Empire, Vol. 1 (OUP 1998)

  Chaudhuri, S. (ed.), Calcutta: The Living City, Vol. 1: The Past (OUP 1990)

  Cohn, Bernard S., Colonialism and Its Forms of Knowledge. The British in India (Princeton 1996)

  Conway, Stephen, The British Isles and the War of American Independence (OUP 2000)

  Cook, Don, The Long Fuse: How England Lost the American Colonies, 1760–1785 (Atlantic Monthly Press 1995)

  Dickinson, H.T. (ed.), Britain and the American Revolution (Longman 1998)

  Draper, T., A Struggle for Power: The American Revolution (Abacus 1997)

  Dunn, Richard S., Sugar and Slaves. The Rise of the Planter Class in the English West Indies 1625–1713 (Norton 1973)

  Games, Alison, Migration and the Origins of the English Atlantic World (Harvard UP 1999)

  George, Dorothy M., English Political Caricature to 1792 (Clarendon Press 1959)

  Greene, Jack P., The Intellectual Construction of America: Exceptionalism and Identity from 1492 to 1800 (University of North Carolina Press 1993)

  Handler, J. S., and Lange, E W., Plantation Slavery in Barbados (Harvard UP 1978)

  Harvey, Robert, Clive: The Life and Death of a British Emperor (Hodder and Stoughton 1998)

  Hibbert, C., Redcoats and Rebels: The American Revolution through British Eyes (Avon 1990)

  Inikori, Joseph E., and Engerman, Stanley L. (eds.), The Atlantic Slave Trade: Effects on Economies, Societies and Peoples in Africa, the Americas and Europe (Duke UP 1992)

  James, L., Raj: The Making and Unmaking of British India (Abacus 1997)

  Keay, John, The Honourable Company: A History of the English East India Company (HarperCollins 1991)

  Labarée, Benjamin Woods, The Boston Tea Party (OUP 1964)

  Lawson, Philip, The East India Company: A History (Longman 1987)

  Maier, Pauline, American Scripture. Making the Declaration of Independence (Random House 1997)

  Maier, Pauline, From Resistance to Revolution. Colonial Radicals and the Development of American Opposition to Britain, 1765–1776 (Routledge & Kegan Paul 1973)

  Marshall, P. J., Bengal: The British Bridgehead, Eastern India, 1740–1828 (CUP 1987)

  Marshall, P. J. (ed.), The Eighteenth Century: The Oxford History of the British Empire, Vol 2 (OUP 1998)

  Marshall, P. J., Trade and Conquest: Studies on the Rise of British Dominance in India (Variorum 1993)

  Mintz, S. W., Sweetness and Power: The Place of Sugar in Modern History (Penguin 1985)

  Mintz, S. W., Tasting Food, Tasting Freedom. Excursions into Eating, Culture and the Past (Beacon 1996)

  Moorhouse, G., Calcutta (Weidenfeld and Nicolson 1971)

  Padfield, P., Maritime Supremacy and the Opening of the Western Mind (Pimlico, 2000)

  Pagden, Anthony, Lords of All the World, Ideologies of Empire in Spain, Britain and France c. 1500–1800 (Yale UP 1995)

  Peters, Marie, The Elder Pitt (Longman 1998)

  Pocock, Tom, Battle for Empire: The Very First World War, 1756–63 (Michael O’Mara 1998)

  Sandiford, Keith, A., The Cultural Politics of Sugar. Caribbean Slavery and Narratives of Colonialism (CUP 2000)

  Sheridan, R. B. Sugar and Slavery: An Economic History of the British West Indies, 1623–1775 (Caribbean UP 1974)

  Sinha, N.K., The Economic History of Bengal from Plassey to the Permanent Settlement, 2 vols (Calcutta 1956 and 1962)

  Spear, Percival, The Nabobs: A Study of the Social Life of the English in Eighteenth-century India (OUP 1998)

  Walvin, James, Black Ivory: A History of Slavery (HarperCollins 1992)

  Walvin, James, Making the Black Atlantic: Britain and the African Diaspora (Cassell 2000)

  Walvin, James, Questioning Slavery (Routledge 1996)

  Weller, Jac, Wellington in India (Longman 1972)

  Wickwire, F. and M., Cornwallis: The Imperial Years (University of North Carolina Press 1980)

  Wild, A., The East India Company: Trade and Conquest from 1600 (HarperCollins 2000)

  Young, Alfred E, The Shoemaker and the Tea Party. Memory and the American Revolution (Beacon 1999)

  Zobel, Hiller, The Boston Massacre (Norton 1970)

  INDEX

  The page references in this index correspond to the printed edition from which this ebook was created. To find a specific word or phrase from the index, please use the search feature of your ebook reader.

  Abbey Dore 67–9

  Abbot, George 35, 84

  Abel, John 68

  Abercromby, General 358

  Aberdeen, sack of 125

  Adam, Robert 315–16

  Adams, John 369, 374, 378, 384

  Adams, Sam 368, 370, 374, 378–9 passim, 382, 383

  Addison, Richard 285, 293

  ‘Agreement of the People’ 135, 151, 154–5

  agriculture 292–3, 312

  Ahmed Shah Durrani 404

  Aislabie, John 288

  Aix-la-Chapelle, Treaty of 346, 397

  Akbar I 395, 421

  Alfred the Great 64, 317, 319–20 passim, 322

  Aliens Act 274

  Alivardi Khan, nawab of Bengal 397, 400

  America, North 31, 72, 83, 191, 262, 313, 325–28, 346, 348–3 passim, 354–60, 366–86, 387–8, 405, 413

  Declaration of Independence 362, 385

  Indians 350–1, 356, 357, 360, 366

  New England 83, 191, 245, 349, 352, 366–8, 385 see also Boston

  Ohio country 351–3, 355

  and taxation
366–75, 380, 381, 387

  War of Independence 473–7, 480

  Amherst, Gen. Jeffrey 357–60 passim, 361

  Andrewes, Lancelot 35, 55, 67

  Andros, Sir Edmund 245

  Anne of Denmark 25, 36, 37

  Anne, Princess 232–3, 247, 258

  Queen 274, 282, 321

  Antigua 324, 341, 342

  Arcot, siege of 399

  Arlington, Lord 233, 234

  Arminius, Jacob 56

  army 77, 85–7, 123–4, 126–7, 129–32, 133–4, 148–9, 151–2, 154–5, 180, 181, 201–2, 253, 255, 258, 261, 277, 313, 323, 366

  Arne, Thomas 317, 319–20, 323

  Ashley Cooper, Anthony, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury 185–6, 188, 201, 233, 236–46 passim, 252

  Astley, Sir Jacob 112, 127

  Aston, Sir Arthur 167, 169

  Aubrey, John 17, 142, 143, 144

  Audley End 39, 41

  Augusta, Princess 363

  Aurangzeb I 395, 396

  Bacon, Francis 19, 28, 41, 50, 63, 321

  Baillie, Robert 89

  Baksar, battle of 404

  Balfour, Sir William 112

  Banqueting House, Whitehall 33, 138

  Barbados 331–4, 341–4 passim, 346, 363

  Barbon, Praisegod 185

  Barré, Isaac 370

  Barwell, Richard 409

  Basing House 16, 128

  Bastwick, John 80, 81, 87

  Baxter, Richard 334

  Becher, Richard 406

  Beckford, William 301, 344, 348

  Bedford, Earl of 66, 83, 87, 92

  Benburb, battle of 124, 126

  Bernini, Gian Lorenzo 225, 228

  Berwick-on-Tweed, Pacification of 77–8

  Bible 35

  Bill of Rights 59, 323, 381, 385

  bishops 25, 29, 35, 45, 71–2 passim, 73, 74, 75, 84, 88, 94, 150, 211–12, 255 see also individual entries

  Blair, Robert 72, 73

  Blake, Admiral 178

  Bludworth, Sir Thomas 217, 218

  Bohemia 48, 49

  Bolton, massacre 16

  Bonaparte, Napoleon 420

  Booth, Col. George 202

  Boscawen, Admiral 356

  Boston 368–9, 371–4, 376–9

  Boulton, Matthew 314

  Boyle, Robert 192, 215

  Boyne, battle of the 253, 264

  Braddock, General 353–4, 356, 357

  Bradshaw, John 137, 138, 159, 176, 208, 210

  Brampton Bryan 108–9, 118–19

  Brazil 330, 331

  Breadalbane, Earl of 266, 267

  Breda, Declaration of 210

  Bristol 117, 128, 344

  Britain 13, 18, 21, 22, 120, 139, 263, 264, 275, 276, 277

  Empire 268, 313, 324–422 passim

  Broghill, Lord 192, 203

  Brooke, Lord 77, 82, 83, 87, 88, 94, 111, 113

  Buchanan, George 24, 25, 36

  Buckeridge, John 55

  Buckingham see Villiers

  Burke, Edmund 386, 388, 391, 406, 412–13 passim

  Burton, Dr Henry 80, 81, 87

  Bute, Lord 363, 366

  Byng, Admiral 356

  Calvinists 22–5, 35, 36, 45, 56, 69–73 passim, 74, 85, 89, 93, 157, 211

  Camden, William 13, 18, 21, 22, 31, 49

  Cameron of Lochiel 303–4

  Campbell, Archibald, 8th Earl of Argyll 95, 125, 126, 129, 173

  Florence 16

  John, 4th Earl of Loudoun 355, 356

  Canada 346, 349, 350, 354, 355–7, 359–61, 362, 366, 379

  Quebec Act 379

  Capel, Lord Arthur 152

  Carew, Sir Alexander 104, 116

  Caribbean 83, 194, 231, 325, 332–3, 340, 343–4, 345, 348–9, 359, 363

  Carleton, Sir Dudley 82

  Carr, Robert 42, 43–5

  Carteret, Sir George 214

  Carteret, John 289, 318, 347

  Castlemaine, Lady 213

  Catesby, Robert 36–7

  Catherine of Braganza 221, 232, 393

  Catholics 33, 35–7 passim, 49, 55, 230–1, 232–42 passim, 247, 248–9, 250–2, 323

  Cecil, Robert 27, 36, 37, 40, 41, 63

  Chalgrove Field, battle of 119

  Chanda Sahib 398, 399

  Charles I 15, 18, 41, 49–140, 230, 323

  and civil war 109–29

  Eikon Basilike 145–7 passim

  family 64–5, 136

  ideology 64–5, 94–5, 135–6, 139–40

  and parliament 53–7, 59–62, 79, 85–8, 99–102, 109–29, 135–8, 146–7, 177

  and Scotland 71–3, 85, 86, 95, 127, 129, 134

  trial 136–8

  Charles II 109–10, 135–6, 143, 144, 148, 165, 172–5, 202, 206–48, 249, 250, 333

  and Catholicism 233, 246

  court 213, 232, 246

  Charles Edward Stuart 173, 302–12 passim, 315

  Charnock, Job 401

  Chesterfield, Earl of 289, 296

  Chidley, Katherine 153

  Child, Josiah 393, 395–7 passim

  China 422

  chocolate 328

  Church of England 34–5, 66–7, 68–9, 145, 211–12, 231, 235, 243, 249, 251, 281

  Churchill, John, 1st Duke of Marlborough 253, 259, 321

  Clarendon see Hyde

  Clarkson, Laurence 157

  Clavering, Lt-Gen. John 409

  Clifford, Thomas 233, 234

  Clinton, Gen. Sir Henry 387–8

  Clinton, Theophilus, Earl of Lincoln 57

  Clive, Robert 346, 356, 359, 398–9, 402–8 passim, 422

  Clotworthy, Sir John 90

  clubs 237, 280, 293

  Cobham see Temple

  Codrington, Christopher 344

  coffee 328; -houses 237, 280, 293

  Coke, Sir Edward 26, 27

  Coleman, Edward 240

  Commonwealth 141–88, 202–5, 242

  Compton, Bishop Henry 251

  constables 65, 86, 195

  Cook, James 323

  Cook, John 137

  Cope, Lt-Gen. Sir John 304, 305

  Coram, Thomas 298–9

  Foundling Hospital 299–300

  Cornwallis, Earl 385–8 passim, 391, 413–17 passim

  Coryton, William 57, 58, 104

  Council of Officers 185, 187

  Council of State 187–8, 190, 193

  Covenant, National 74–5, 134, 172

  Covenanters 23, 75–6, 79, 82, 84–6 passim, 95, 119, 124–6, 134, 173

  Cowper, William 334

  Craig, James 315

  Cranfield, Lionel 48, 52, 63

  Croke, Judge George 81

  Cromwell, Henry 192, 202

  Oliver 89, 119–24 passim, 127–8, 130, 134–7, 138, 140, 146, 147, 149–52 passim, 155, 160–99, 204, 208, 210, 230, 231, 242, 250, 322, 333

  as general 164

  ideology 122–4

  and Ireland 165–72

  and kingship 180–1, 188, 197

  as Lord Protector 187, 188–98

  and parliament 165, 178–86

  and Scotland 173–4

  Richard 193, 201, 202

  Culloden, battle of 309–10, 311

  Cumberland, Duke of 307–10 passim, 353

  Curzon, Nathaniel, 1st Baron Scarsdale 315

  Dalrymple, John, Master of Stair 267

  Danby, Lord 235–7, 240, 242, 245, 247, 249, 253, 257, 258

  Darien expedition 269–75, 313

  Davies, Sir John 32

  Dawes, William 382

  Debt, National 277, 287

  Declaration of Rights 261

  Declarations of Indulgence 212, 231, 234–5, 252, 255, 257, 258

  Defoe, Daniel 216, 270, 274, 275, 283, 297, 313, 334

  Dekker, Thomas 19–22 passim

  Dering, Sir Edward 99

  Derwentwater, Earl of 284

  De Witt brothers 234, 256, 257

  Dickinson, John 384

  Dickson, David 72, 73

 
Digby, Sir Everard 36

  Digby, Lord George 100, 101

  ‘Diggers’ 155

  Dinwiddie, Robert 351

  Dissenters see Nonconformists

  Dorchester 46–7, 48, 66, 80, 83, 117, 118

  Dover, Treaty of 234, 254

  Downes, John 138

  Drax, James 332

  Drogheda, siege of 166–9

  Dryden, John 201, 213

  Dugdale, William 68, 94, 223

  Dunbar, battle of 173, 204

  Dundas, Henry 413

  Dupleix, Marquis de 397, 398, 399

  Dutch Republic see Holland

  East India Company 270, 328, 346, 356, 359, 375, 376, 388, 389–411 passim, 416, 418, 419, 422

  Eastern Association 115, 122, 151

  Edgehill, battle of 110–16 passim

  Edinburgh 315

  elections 57, 82, 212, 242, 246, 258, 261, 278–81 passim, 290

  Elector Frederick 42, 48, 49

  Eliot, Sir John 58., 60, 62, 79, 104

  Elizabeth I 19, 24, 38, 39, 40, 49, 50, 52, 53, 138, 178, 243, 321, 322, 375

  Elizabeth, Princess 37, 42, 48

  Ellesmere, Lord 41

  Equiano, Olaudah 335–6, 338, 339, 358, 362, 363

  Essex, Earl of 42, 83, 87, 100, 109, 110, 111–14, 120–3 passim, 151, 164

  Evangelicals 34, 36

  Evelyn, John 175–7 passim, 197, 203, 207, 208, 213, 215, 217, 218, 220, 221, 222, 225, 227, 231, 241, 246

  Exclusion crisis 238, 242–4, 247, 249

  Fagel, Gaspar 257

  Fairfax, Sir Thomas 121, 124, 127, 131, 132, 136–7, 150, 155, 165, 173, 198, 206

  Falkirk, battle of 308

  Falkland, Lord 84, 88, 91, 99, 104, 110, 143

  Fawkes, Guido 36–7, 240

  Feake, Christopher 185–7 passim, 203

  Felton, John 59

  Fens, drainage of 66

  Fergus, King of Scotland 73

  Ferguson, Adam 315

  Fielding, Henry 295

  Fifth Monarchists 148, 157, 186, 203, 211

  Filmer, Sir Robert 242, 244

  Finch, Sir John 60, 87, 94, 101

  Fleetwood, Charles 171, 193, 197, 201, 204

  Fletcher, Andrew 270, 275

  Fortescue, Sir Faithful 112

  Fowey, battle of 121–2

  Fox, Charles James 388

  Fox, George 158–9, 161, 196, 203, 334

  France/French 55, 56, 79, 233, 234, 251, 253, 254, 256, 273, 283, 284, 306, 308–9

  Empire 345–7 passim, 348–52, 385–6, 387, 388, 397

  war with 253, 273–4, 322, 353, 355–63, 398, 399, 418–19

  franchise 149, 185

  Francis, Philip 409

  Franklin, Benjamin 349–50, 352, 353, 362, 366, 372–3, 375, 381

  Fraser, Simon, 12th Baron Lovat 311

  Frederick, Prince of Wales 317, 318–19, 348

 

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