Walras, Léon 150
Wanamaker, John 339
Wang Mang, emperor of China 162
Wang Ping-hsieh, scholar 108
Ward, William George 327
Warocqué, Raoul 379
Washington Consensus, on economic growth 136–7, 182
water
household use 68
see also sewerage
water supplies 69, 70, 73
Watteau, Antoine 106
Wavell, Archibald, Lord, Viceroy of India 418
wealth 63–8
from agricultural exports 122–3, 127–9
and consumption 340–42
and industry 127–8
and inequality 70–71, 73, 83, 233, 265–6
popular attitude to 226–7, 512
Webb, Beatrice 298
Webb, Sidney 146, 298, 331, 371
Weber, Max xxxii, 160, 308, 424
national capitalism 155–6
The Protestant Ethic 156, 387–9
The Religion of China 99
Wekerle, Sándor 188
welfare 346–7
role of state 177, 353
social 265–6
tax funding 342
see also insurance; pensions; philanthropy; poor relief
welfare state 514
origins 190, 354–5
Scandinavia 355
and taxation 524
Wells, H. G. 459
A Modern Utopia 511
Welsh nation 28
Wendel, François de 172
West, The 89–90
China and 34–5, 100, 136
ideological imports from 120
Japan and 110, 111–12, 116
Russia and 199–200, 204, 278
wheat production
and exports 122, 123–4, 188
price falls 484
White, Arnold, The Modern Jew 295
White, Linda 53
Whitman, Walt 221, 230–31
Leaves of Grass xxxviii
Wilberforce, William 185, 409
Wilhelm II, Kaiser 402–3
Williams, Ernest E., Made in Germany (1896) 175
Wilson, Charlotte 310
Wilson, Henry Lane 275
Wilson, James, The Economist 152
Wilson, Joseph Havelock 307
Wilson, Woodrow, US President 294, 334, 345, 346, 442
Winch, Donald 139
wine production
France 488, 497
Portugal 440
Witte, Count Sergei 205, 206, 208–10
and industrial development 209, 212–13, 215–16
and Jews 292
labour market reforms 370
and political reforms 281–2, 284–5
and protectionism 495
on taxation 164, 167
Wolseley, Sir Garnet 457, 459–60
women 43, 90–91
as domestic servants 67
and franchise 314, 315, 325–6, 334
French welfare assistance 353–4
in Iran 270
in labour force 79, 116, 354, 526
labour regulations 368
maternity reforms 354
as modernizers 90–91
Woodall, William, MP 66
Woolworth, F. W. 339
Wordsworth, William, ‘The World Is Too Much with Us’ xxix
work, right to 351–2
workers, minimum age 367
workhouses 62
working classes
conditions for 264–5
depictions in novels 372
discontent with capitalism 310
education of 326
food and diet 72–3
and free trade 494
life expectancy 72–3
and suffrage 326–31
working hours
and accidents 373
eight-hour day 370, 374
regulation 367–8, 370–71
variations 373–4
World Bank 136, 519, 524
and development theory 182
World Trade Organization 519
writers, longevity of 71
Wysłouch, Izydor Kajetan 397
Xenopol, Alexandru Dimitrie, historian 121, 496–7
Xhosa tribes, Dutch Cape Colony 431
Xi’an, China 46
Yan Fu 90, 103–4, 144
and suffrage 313
Yang Shen 117
Yeats, W. B., ‘The Second Coming’ 507–8
Yellow River, flooding (1855) 97
Yeltsin, Boris 17
Yokoi Shōnan 109
York, urban poor 62
Yoruba people 19
Young Czech Party 148
Young Turks movement 119
modernity of 269
Younghusband, Francis 427
Yû Yueh 108
Yuan Dynasty 92, 93
Yugoslavia 15–16, 25, 28
Zanardelli, Giuseppe 312, 382–3
Zanichelli, Domenico 187
Zasulich, Vera 203, 281
Zeletin, Ştefan 121
Zeng Guofan 98, 100
Zephaniah, prophet 44
Zhang Zhidong 101, 102
Exhortation to Learning (1898) 103
on opium 94
Zheng He 3
Ziber, Nikolai 214
Zimbabwe 34
Zimmerman, Maurice 277, 462
Zionism 35, 251, 291
Zola, Émile 227, 257, 373, 471
Germinal 372
Zongli Yamen 99
Zulu Wars 431
THE BEGINNING
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First published 2019
001
Copyright © Donald Sassoon, 2019
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Cover photograph from Brooklyn Museum Costume Collection at The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Gift of the Brooklyn Museum, 2009
ISBN: 978-0-241-31517-0
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The Anxious Triumph Page 111
