Rendezvous with Destiny: Ronald Reagan and the Campaign that Changed America

by Shirley, Craig

  38. United Press International, “Reagan Is a Winner, If Not an Intellectual, Baker Says,” New York Times, June 30, 1980, B13.

  39. Maurice Carroll, “Javits Says He'll Spend $1 Million in Battle to Win GOP's Primary,” New York Times, July 1, 1980, B6.

  40. Bernard Weinraub, “Study Finds Networks ‘Infatuated’ with Anderson,” New York Times, July 1, 1980, B6.

  41. Associated Press, “Reagan Explains Idea of Presidency's Limits,” New York Times, July 3, 1980, A15.

  42. Howell Raines, “States' Rights Move in West Influencing Reagan's Drive,” New York Times, July 5, 1980, 7.

  43. Steven R. Weisman, “Warm Greeting for President,” New York Times, July 4, 1980, A1.

  44. Herbert Denton and Lou Cannon, “Reagan Would Turn Judiciary to Right, Carter Tells Blacks,” Washington Post, July 5, 1980, A1.

  45. Eleanor Randolph, “Carter in L.A., Hits Reagan Tax Plan as ‘Free Lunch,’” Los Angeles Times, July 4, 1980, A1.

  46. Associated Press, “Line-Up of the Delegates for Presidential Contest,” New York Times, July 17, 1952, 7.

  47. George Will, “If Only Reagan Could Run Alone,” Washington Post, July 3, 1980, A15.

  48. Richard Bergholz, “Reagan Looks for No. 2 Methodically,” Los Angeles Times, July 4, 1980, A1.

  49. Barry Sussman, “Bush Top Choice of Delegates to Run with Reagan,” Washington Post, July 5, 1980, A1.

  50. Associated Press, “Bleak Poll for Democrats,” Washington Post, July 4, 1980, A4.

  51. Jack W. Germond and Jules Witcover, Washington Star, July 1, 1980, A3.

  52. Rowland Evans and Robert Novak, “Belted in the Bible Belt,” Washington Post, July 4, 1980, A15.

  53. Ibid.

  54. Lou Cannon and Bill Peterson, “Reagan at Odds with Conservatives on ERA Platform Plank,” Washington Post, July 4, 1980, A3.

  55. “Reagan Appoints Greenspan as Chief Adviser on Budget,” Washington Post, July 6, 1980, A4; David S. Broder, “Helms Accuses GOP Platform Panel of ‘Hardball’ Tactics,” Washington Post, July 6, 1980, A3.

  CHAPTER 22: SUMMER IN THE CITY

  1. Allan J. Mayer and James C. Jones, “A Renaissance in Trouble,” Newsweek, July 21, 1980, 54.

  2. Mitchell Ross, “'detroiters Are Simply Awaiting This Chance to Applaud Themselves,'” New York Times, July 8, 1980, A17.

  3. Bill Brock, in discussion with the author, October 15, 2006.

  4. Iver Peterson, “Ribs and Beer and Much More Are Features of a ‘Good Party,’” New York Times, July 14, 1980, A11.

  5. Richard Bergholz, “Script All Set for Reagan to Steal Scene at Detroit,” Los Angeles Times, July 13, 1980, A1.

  6. Betty Anne Williams, “Black Delegates Meet with Carter,” Associated Press, August 15, 1980.

  7. Kathy Sawyer, “It'll Be Gee Whiz and Show Biz,” Washington Post, July 14, 1980, A1.

  8. Bill Peterson, “Job-Conscious GOP Watches an Incumbent Woo the Jobless,” Washington Post, July 9, 1980, A3.

  9. Bill Peterson, “Auto Union Chief Fraser Sees Reagan Tide Rising,” Washington Post, July 12, 1980, A7.

  10. Mike Feinsilber, “Republican Convention a Glittering Sign of Detroit Renaissance,” Associated Press, July 13, 1980.

  11. Keith Richburg, “Detroit News to Print Its Strikebound Rival,” Washington Post, July 14, 1980, A15.

  12. Phil Gailey, “Detroit GOP Are Hoping for Better Images,” Washington Star, July 13, 1980, A4.

  13. Peterson, “Job-Conscious GOP.”

  14. Angus Deming, Elaine Sciolino, and Christopher Ma, “A Hostage Returns,” Newsweek, July 28, 1980, 45.

  15. Robert G. Kaiser, “Conservatives Prying ERA from GOP Draft Platform,” Washington Post, July 9, 1980, A1.

  16. Bill Peterson, “GOP Moderates March in Protest of ERA Stance,” Washington Post, July 15, 1980, A1.

  17. Bill Peterson, “In Her Farewell, Mary Crisp Blasts GOP ‘Sickness,’” Washington Post, July 10, 1980, A1.

  18. Ibid.

  19. Adam Clymer, “GOP Retains Brock as Chief,” New York Times, July 19, 1980, A4.

  20. Phil Galey, “Made-for-Reagan Platform Is ‘Radical’ on Economics,” Washington Star, July 11, 1980, A1.

  21. David S. Broder, “Democratic Camps Spar Over Delegates,” Washington Post, July 2, 1980, A4.

  22. Tom Raum, “Highlights of GOP Platform as Approved by Resolutions Panel,” Associated Press, July 10, 1980.

  23. Gregory Nokes, “GOP Platform Most Conservative in 16 Years,” Associated Press, July 16, 1980.

  24. Warren Weaver Jr., “GOP Policy Panel, in Platform, Says ‘Carter Must Go!’” New York Times, July 11, 1980, A1.

  25. Warren Weaver Jr., “Platform Drafters Prove Pragmatic,” New York Times, July 12, 1980, 6.

  26. Phil Gailey, “GOP Rightist Tamed by Ex-Pro Quarterback,” Washington Star, July 12, 1980, A3.

  27. Martin Schram, “Reagan Would Rather Go It Alone, but Choose He Must,” Washington Post, July 10, 1980, A3.

  28. Albert R. Hunt, “As Ronald Reagan's Star Rises, So Does That of the Conservative Newspaper Human Events,” Wall Street Journal, July 9, 1980, 44.

  29. Francis X. Clines, “Roads to the Vice Presidency,” New York Times, July 8, 1980, B6.

  30. Martin Tolchin, “Kemp's Friends Push Him as Vice-Presidential Choice,” New York Times, July 12, 1980, 6.

  31. Phil Galey, “Made-for-Reagan Platform Is ‘Radical’ on Economics,” Washington Star, July 11, 1980, A1.

  32. Schram, “Reagan Would Rather Go It Alone.”

  33. Joseph F. Sullivan, “Will Reagan Tap Simon?” New York Times, July 13, 1980, nj13.

  34. Lou Cannon and Katharine MacDonald, “Reagan Rules Out Laxalt of Nevada as Running Mate,” Washington Post, July 12, 1980, A1.

  35. Judy Bachrach, “Richard Lugar Might Just Be Too Honest,” Washington Star, July 11, 1980.

  36. Cannon and MacDonald, “Reagan Rules Out Laxalt.”

  37. James R. Dickenson, “Reagan's List for Ticket Is Still Open,” Washington Star, July 10, 1980, A3.

  38. Stuart Spencer, in discussion with the author, September 28, 2006.

  39. Ibid.

  40. Howell Raines, “Reagan Words Often Conflict with Strategy,” New York Times, July 13, 1980, 1.

  41. Ibid.

  42. Adam Clymer, “Republicans Are Buoyed by Survey on Party's Image,” New York Times, July 7, 1980, A1.

  43. Phil Gailey, “Detroit, GOP Are Hoping for Better Images,” Washington Star, July 13, 1980, A1.

  44. Lou Cannon with David S. Broder and Maralee Schwartz, “Ahead: Prime Time for Reagan Campaign,” Washington Post, July 13, 1980, A1.

  45. David S. Broder with Maralee Schwartz and Lou Cannon, “Republicans Dream of Watershed Year,” Washington Post, July 13, 1980, A1.

  46. Mike Feinsilber, “Here's How the Republicans Have Done It, from Ike to Bush,” Associated Press, August 16, 1992.

  47. Mary McGrory, “Clamor on ERA Fails to Wake Sleeping Party,” Washington Star, July 15, 1980, A4.

  CHAPTER 23: AT CENTER STAGE

  1. Adam Clymer, “A State of Some Confusion,” New York Times, July 14, 1980, A14.

  2. Jack Nelson, “Decisions by Reagan May Affect Campaign,” Los Angeles Times, July 14, 1980, B1 .

  3. Ibid.

  4. Don Devine, in discussion with the author, September 14, 2006.

  5. “Choosing a Vice President,” New York Times, December 12, 1963, 38.

  6. Francis X. Clines, “No. 2 Spot on Ticket: Party's Last Surprise,” New York Times, July 14, 1980, A10.

  7. Ibid.

  8. “TV Convention-Watching Should Give Few Thrills,” New York Times, July 14, 1980, A10.

  9. “Mr. Reagan's Second Choice,” New York Times, July 18, 1980, A24.

  10. Haynes Johnson, “The Reagan Faithful Savor Their Moment of Vindication,” Washington Post, July 15, 1980, A1.

  11. Michele Davis, “My Recollections of Detroit; 1980 Diary,” July 17, 1980, Michele Davis Arc
hives Collection.

  12. Jack W. Germond, “Gift for Talk, TV Era Put Reagan Up Front,” Washington Star, July 14, 1980, A1.

  13. Lionel Trilling, The Liberal Imagination: Essays on Literature and Society (New York: Viking Press, 1950), xv.

  14. Kathy Sawyer and Robert G. Kaiser, “Evangelicals Flock to GOP Standard Feeling They Have Friend in Reagan,” Washington Post, July 16, 1980, A15.

  15. Martin Schram, “The Moderates: Disappointed, but Ready to Give Reagan and Platform a Chance,” Washington Post, July 15, 1980, A11.

  16. John Sears, “Reagan: How He Decides,” Washington Post, July 16, 1980, A19.

  17. Republican National Committee, “Order of Business '80; 32nd Republican National Convention,” July 14, 1980, Ashbrook Center for Public Affairs.

  18. Francis X. Clines, “Convention Journal: Conservatives Are Mellow at the Top,” New York Times, July 15, 1980, B8.

  19. “Schedule of Events,” New York Times, July 14, 1980, A10.

  20. “TV Convention-Watching Should Give Few Thrills,” New York Times, July 14, 1980, A10.

  21. Adam Clymer, “Aides to Reagan Plan a Door-to-Door Effort by Mass of Volunteers,” New York Times, July 15, 1980, A1.

  22. Don McLeod, “Two Groups Announce Independent Fund-Raising Drives for Reagan,” Associated Press, July 14, 1980.

  23. Brent Bozell, in discussion with the author, January 4, 2007.

  24. Ibid.

  25. Hedrick Smith, “Reagan Is Promising a Crusade to Make Nation ‘Great Again,’” New York Times, July 15, 1980, A1.

  26. Clines, “Convention Journal: Conservatives Are Mellow at the Top.”

  27. Kathy Sawyer, “Reagan Welcomed as a Hero,” Washington Post, July 15, 1980, A12.

  28. Richard Bergholz, “Reagan Promises to Lead GOP ‘Crusade,’” Los Angeles Times, July 15, 1980, B1; Smith, “Reagan Is Promising a Crusade.”

  29. “The GOP Gets Its Act Together,” Time, July 28, 1980.

  30. Howell Raines, “Reagan Voices Optimism on Unity for Convention,” New York Times, July 15, 1980, B6.

  31. “Quotation of the Day,” New York Times, July 15, 1980, B1.

  32. Leslie Bennetts, “The Reagan Family: Husband and Wife Inseparable, 4 Children Go Own Way,” New York Times, July 15, 1980, B6.

  33. Smith, “Reagan Is Promising a Crusade.”

  34. Bergholz, “Reagan Promises to Lead GOP ‘Crusade.’”

  35. “Text of the Address by Former President Ford Before Republicans' Convention,” New York Times, July 15, 1980, B7.

  36. Donald M. Rothberg, “Reagan Awaits the Crown; The Convention Awaits His VP Choice,” Associated Press, July 16, 1980; Lou Cannon, Martin Schram, David S. Broder, Felicity Barringer, and Kathy Sawyer, “Ex-President Sees a Tough Campaign,” Washington Post, July 16, 1980, A1.

  37. Adam Clymer, “The Conservatives' Message,” New York Times, July 16, 1980, A1.

  38. “Moderate Republicans Fail to Open Platform for ERA Debate,” Associated Press, July 15, 1980.

  39. Nancy Sinnott, in discussion with the author, March 29, 2007.

  40. Cannon et al., “Ex-President Sees a Tough Campaign.”

  41. Rowland Evans and Robert Novak, “The Trouble with Bush,” Washington Post, July 16, 1980, A19.

  42. Francis X. Clines, “Convention Journal: Goldwater Briefly Relives the Glory of '64,” New York Times, July 16, 1980, A18.

  43. Ibid.

  44. David S. Broder, Glenn Frankel, Bill Peterson, David Maraniss, Keith Richburg, Kathy Sawyer, and Martin Schram, “Carter Is Flayed from the Podium,” Washington Post, July 16, 1980, A14.

  45. Clines, “Convention Journal: Goldwater Briefly Relives the Glory of '64.”

  46. Broder et. al., “Carter Is Flayed from the Podium.”

  47. Hedrick Smith, “Reagan Woos Ford as Top Republicans Denounce President,” New York Times, July 16, 1980, A1.

  48. Lou Cannon, David S. Broder, Bill Peterson, Martin Schram, David A. Maraniss, Peter Osnos, and William Greider, “Some States Back Kemp,” Washington Post, July 15, 1980, A1.

  49. Jack W. Germond, “GOP Field Narrows on VP Choice,” Washington Star, July 16, 1980, A1.

  50. Cannon et al., “Some States Back Kemp.”

  51. Germond, “GOP Field Narrows on VP Choice.”

  52. Robert D. Novak, The Prince of Darkness: 50 Years Reporting in Washington (New York: Crown Forum, 2007), 354.

  53. Ibid., 354–55.

  54. “A Nervous Kissinger to Address GOP Tonight,” Washington Post, July 15, 1980, A10.

  55. Steven Rattner, “Kissinger, Addressing Convention, Calls Carter's Policies ‘Incoherent,’” New York Times, July 16, 1980, A15.

  56. James Wooten, World News Tonight, ABC News Transcripts, July 16, 1980.

  57. Germond, “GOP Field Narrows on VP Choice.”

  58. Frank Lynn, “Former Top Aide to Rockefeller Turns to Reagan,” New York Times, July 16, 1980, A18.

  59. Joyce Purnick, “Hooks Urges GOP to Pursue Equality,” New York Times, July 16, 1980, A17.

  60. Ibid.

  61. Smith, “Reagan Woos Ford.”

  CHAPTER 24: MOTOWN MADNESS

  1. H. L. Mencken, On Politics: A Carnival of Buncombe, ed. Malcolm Moos (New York: Vintage Books, 1960) 83.

  2. Vermont Royster, “Peace, Harmony and Problems,” Wall Street Journal, July 14, 1980, 14.

  3. Jeff Greenfield, The Real Campaign: How the Media Missed the Story of the 1980 Campaign (New York: Summit Books, 1982), 161.

  4. Michele Davis, “My Recollections of Detroit; 1980 Diary,” July 14–16, 1980, Michele Davis Archives Collection.

  5. James R. Dickenson, “Reagan Agrees Baker's Best Role Lies in Senate,” Washington Star, July 16, 1980, A1.

  6. Albert R. Hunt and James M. Perry, “Reagan Picks Bush to Be Running Mate as Ford Deal Fizzles,” Wall Street Journal, July 17, 1980, 1.

  7. Mary McGrory, “A Brief Paradise for the GOP, Then Reality,” Washington Star, July 17. 1980, A4.

  8. Jack W. Germond, “GOP Field Narrows on VP Choice,” Washington Star, July 16, 1980, A1.

  9. Dick Wirthlin, in discussion with the author, November 8, 2006.

  10. James A. Baker III and Steve Fiffer, Work Hard, Study… and Keep Out of Politics! (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 2006), 98.

  11. Lyn Nofziger, in discussion with the author, 2004.

  12. McGrory, “A Brief Paradise for the GOP.”

  13. Memorandum, unsigned, “Ronald Reagan Detailed Schedule,” July 14, 1980, Colin Clark Archives Collection.

  14. Lawrence Martin, “How Ford's Demands Scuttled the Republican Dream Ticket,” Globe and Mail (Toronto), July 18, 1980.

  15. Thomas M. DeFrank, Write It When I'm Gone: Remarkable Off-the-Record Conversations with Gerald R. Ford (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 2007), 115.

  16. “Top GOP Adviser Urges a Reagan-Ford Ticket,” Baltimore Sun, May 15, 1980, A7.

  17. Haynes Johnson, David S. Broder, Lou Cannon, Bill Peterson, Martin Schram, and Felicity Barringer, “The Cement Just Wouldn't Set on GOP's Ideal Alliance,” Washington Post, July 18, 1980, A1.

  18. Ibid.

  19. Joseph E. Persico, Casey: From the OSS to the CIA (New York: Viking, 1990), 188.

  20. Dick Wirthlin, in discussion with the author, November 8, 2006.

  21. Ibid.

  22. John J. Rhodes, “The 1980 Republican National Convention,” Arizona State University Libraries, http://www.asu.edu/lib/archives/rhodes/essay8.htm.

  23. McGrory, “A Brief Paradise for the GOP.”

  24. Hunt and Perry, “Reagan Picks Bush to Be Running Mate.”

  25. Ibid.

  26. Jules Witcover and James R. Dickenson, “A Dream Ticket Dissolves Over Ford Reluctance,” Washington Star, July 17, 1980, A1.

  27. David M. Alpern, Martin Kasindorf, Thomas M. DeFrank, Henry W. Hubbard, John J. Lindsay, Gloria Borger, and Deborah Witherspoon, “How the Ford Deal Collapsed,” Newsweek, July 28, 1980, 20.

 
28. Richard Cheney, in discussion with the author, March 19, 2007; Stuart Spencer, in discussion with the author, September 28, 2006.

  29. Bill Timmons, in discussion with the author, September 6, 2006.

  30. Paul Russo, in discussion with the author, September 8, 2006.

  31. Neal Peden, in discussion with the author, July 6, 2006.

  32. Johnson et al., “The Cement Just Wouldn't Set.”

  33. Albert R. Hunt and James M. Perry, “Reagan Plan Is to Make Carter the Issue, Stress Large Industrial States,” Wall Street Journal, July 14, 1980, 1.

  34. Doug Willis, “Reagan Acceptance Speech Six Weeks in Making,” Associated Press, July 17, 1980.

  35. Peter Hannaford, “Mon. Reception Remarks,” July 17, 1980, Peter Hannaford Papers, Hoover Institution Archives, Stanford, CA.

  36. Memorandum, unsigned, “Ronald Reagan Detailed Schedule,” July 14, 1980, Colin Clark Archives Collection.

  37. Howell Raines, “Ford Advisers Reportedly Asked Wide Concessions from Reagan,” New York Times, July 18, 1980, A1.

  38. Baker and Fiffer, Work Hard, Study… and Keep Out of Politics!, 100.

  39. Alpern et al., “How the Ford Deal Collapsed.”

  40. Martin Schram, “Ford, Roused by Last Hurrah, Clung for a While to the Torch,” Washington Post, July 18, 1980, A9.

  41. Ibid.

  42. DeFrank, Write It When I'm Gone, 115.

  43. Richard Cheney, in discussion with the author, March 19, 2007.

  44. Schram, “Ford, Roused by Last Hurrah.”

  45. Victor Gold, in discussion with the author.

  46. Margaret Tutwiler, in discussion with the author, December 1, 2006.

  47. Johnson et al., “The Cement Just Wouldn't Set”;Witcover and Dickenson, “A Dream Ticket Dissolves.”

  48. Lawrence Martin, “How Ford's Demands Scuttled the Republican Dream Ticket,” Globe and Mail (Toronto), July 18, 1980.

  49. Richard V. Allen, “The Accidental Vice President,” New York Times Magazine, July 30, 2000, 36.

  50. Ibid.

  51. Johnson et al., “The Cement Just Wouldn't Set.”

  52. Allen, “The Accidental Vice President.”

  53. Adam Clymer, “Reagan Says Bush Backs Platform; Ford Was Offered Major Authority,” New York Times, July 17, 1980, A1.

  54. James Gerstenzang, “Reagan Dumps Ford, Picks Bush for Veep,” Associated Press, July 17, 1980.