Rendezvous with Destiny: Ronald Reagan and the Campaign that Changed America

by Shirley, Craig

54. Lisa Myers, “Kennedy to Support Entire Ticket ‘Actively,’” Washington Star, August 26, 1980, A3.

  55. Lee Byrd, “Anderson Finds His Stretch for the Stretch Drive a Painful One,” Associated Press, August 29, 1980.

  56. Donald M. Rothberg, “Reagan Would Debate Carter If Anderson Included,” Associated Press, August 27, 1980.

  57. Dan Carmichael, “Washington News,” United Press International, September 26, 1987.

  58. Richard Bergholz, “Reagan Says Carter Has Created a ‘Severe Depression,’” Los Angeles Times, August 28, 1980, B11.

  59. Jack W. Germond, “Reagan Labels Carter Cause of 'depression,'” Washington Star, August 27, 1980, A3.

  60. Gerald F. Seib, “Reagan Sees U. S. in ‘Severe Depression,’ ‘Molded by Carter,' but Word Stirs Debate,” Wall Street Journal, August 28, 1980, 2.

  61. Steven Rattner, “Bid to Widen Voter Support,” New York Times, August 29, 1980, 1.

  62. Jimmy Carter, in discussion with the author, July 11, 2006.

  63. “Reagan Sees Flaws in Carter's Program,” New York Times, August 29, 1980, D13.

  64. Mike Causey, “The Federal Diary,” Washington Post, August 28, 1980, B2.

  65. Richard Bergholz, “Reagan Calls Carter Program ‘Quick Fix,’” Los Angeles Times, August 29, 1980, B4.

  66. John Anderson, in discussion with the author, December 10, 2007.

  67. David Wood, “Anderson Shakes Up Staff, Giving Garth Total Control,” Washington Star, August 29, 1980, A3.

  68. Jack W. Germond, “Reagan Seeks to Get Campaign on Track,” Washington Star, August 29, 1980, A3.

  69. Stuart Spencer, in discussion with the author, September 28, 2006.

  70. Germond, “Reagan Seeks to Get Campaign on Track.”

  71. Barry Serafin, World News Tonight, ABC News Transcripts, August 29, 1980.

  72. Ken Khachigian, in discussion with the author, May 2007.

  73. Mary Thornton, “Carter, Reagan Neck and Neck in Roper Survey,” Washington Star, August 30, 1980, A3.

  74. Germond, “Reagan Seeks to Get Campaign on Track.”

  75. Timothy D. Schellhardt, “President to Stress His Wide Differences with Reagan During Bid for Reelection,” Wall Street Journal, August 29, 1980, 4.

  CHAPTER 30: SLOUCHING TOWARDS NOVEMBER

  1. Associated Press, “Out of Mental Hospital, Candidate Maps Campaign,” New York Times, September 6, 1980, 8.

  2. John W. Mashek, “Campaign Kickoff; Has Reagan Dropped the Ball?” U. S. News & World Report, September 8, 1980, 20.

  3. Richard Bergholz, “Reagan Deplores Economy; Carter Seeks to Hold Dixie,” Los Angeles Times, September 2, 1980, B1.

  4. Steven R. Weisman, “President Denounces the Klan,” New York Times, September 2, 1980, A1.

  5. Bergholz, “Reagan Deplores Economy.”

  6. Edward Walsh, “Carter to Return to ‘Peace or War’ Issue,” Washington Post, September 28, 1980, A2.

  7. Carla Hall, “Liberty and Unions Forever,” Washington Post, September 2, 1980, B1.

  8. Timothy D. Schellhardt, “Carter Strikes Hard at Reagan, by Name, Claiming Nuclear Arms Race Threatened,” Wall Street Journal, September 3, 1980, 4.

  9. Walter R. Mears, “Reagan's Pitch Suffers from Throwaways,” Associated Press, September 3, 1980;“Reagan Klan Remark Stirs Furor,” Facts on File World News Digest, September 5, 1980.

  10. Schellhardt, “Carter Strikes Hard at Reagan.”

  11. Lou Cannon, Reagan (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1982), 274.

  12. Martin Schram, Lou Cannon, Edward Walsh, and Valarie Thomas, “Reagan Beats a Retreat on Klan Remark,” Washington Post, September 3, 1980, A1.

  13. Michele Davis, in discussion with the author, March 14, 2008.

  14. Andrew Young, “Chilling Words in Neshoba County,” Washington Post, August 11, 1980, A19.

  15. Schellhardt, “Carter Strikes Hard at Reagan.”

  16. David Treadwell, “Democrats Mobilize to Register Blacks,” Los Angeles Times, September 4, 1980, B15.

  17. Hamilton Jordan, Crisis: The Last Year of the Carter Presidency (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1982), 339.

  18. Rowland Evans and Robert Novak, “Carter's Resurgence,” Washington Post, September 5, 1980, A11.

  19. James R. Dickenson, “Reagan Issues Apology for Klan Remarks,” Washington Star, September 3, 1980, A1.

  20. John F. Stacks, “Going Straight for the Jugular,” Time, August 25, 1980.

  21. Memorandum from Karl Struble to Tim Kraft, “General Election Observations,” May 12, 1980, Carter/Mondale Presidential Committee, Jimmy Carter Presidential Library, Atlanta, GA.

  22. Edward Walsh, “‘Serious Threat’ to Peace Seen,” Washington Post, September 3, 1980, A1.

  23. Richard Bergholz, “President Invokes Truman Aura as He Attacks Reagan,” Los Angeles Times, September 3, 1980, B15.

  24. Walsh, “‘Serious Threat’ to Peace Seen.”

  25. Bergholz, “President Invokes Truman Aura as He Attacks Reagan.”

  26. Roger Stone, in discussion with the author.

  27. Memorandum, unsigned, “Governor Reagan's Visit to Liberty State Park, NJ,” August 31, 1980, Colin Clark Archives Collection.

  28. Lou Cannon, “Reagan; Castigating the ‘Betrayal’ of Workers' Aspirations,” Washington Post, September 2, 1980, A1.

  29. Howell Raines, “Republican Stresses Economy,” New York Times, September 2, 1980, A1.

  30. Cannon, “Reagan; Castigating the ‘Betrayal’ of Workers'Aspirations.”

  31. Ibid.

  32. Lou Cannon and David S. Broder, “Reagan Vows to Try to Halt 'deluge' of Japanese Autos,” Washington Post, September 3, 1980, A2.

  33. Douglas E. Kneeland, “Reagan Accuses Carter of Breaking Faith with Israel,” New York Times, September 4, 1980, A1; Steven V. Roberts, “Jews at B'nai B'rith Parley Voice Disappointment in Carter,” New York Times, September 6, 1980, A8.

  34. “Reagan Says Carter Has Undermined Security of Israel,” Wall Street Journal, September 4, 1980, 18.

  35. Lou Cannon, John M. Goshko, and Martin Schram, “Reagan: Carter Imperils Israel,” Washington Post, September 4, 1980, A1.

  36. Roberts, “Jews at B'nai B'rith Parley Voice Disappointment in Carter.”

  37. W. Dale Nelson, “Pro-Reagan Group Attacks Democratic Broadcast Move,” Associated Press, September 10, 1980.

  38. Myra MacPherson, “The New Right Brigade,” Washington Post, August 10, 1980, F1.

  39. Bill Peterson, “FEC Rules Anderson Eligible for Funds,” Washington Post, September 5, 1980, A3.

  40. Richard Bergholz, “Carter Woos Pennsylvania Ethnic Votes, Hits Reagan Remarks on Social Security,” Los Angeles Times, September 4, 1980, A16.

  41. Brooks Jackson, “Reagan Vows to Defend Social Security in Rejoinder to Carter Campaign Attack,” Wall Street Journal, September 8, 1980, 7.

  42. Bergholz, “Carter Woos Pennsylvania Ethnic Votes.”

  43. Jackson, “Reagan Vows to Defend Social Security in Rejoinder to Carter Campaign Attack.”

  44. Douglas E. Kneeland, “Reagan Vows to Support Social Security Program,” New York Times, September 8, 1980, B10.

  45. “What's News,” Wall Street Journal, September 4, 1980, 1.

  46. Allan J. Mayer, Eleanor Clift, and Thomas M. DeFrank, “Oh, I'll Take the Low Road,” Newsweek, September 29, 1980, 22.

  47. Peter Goldman, Eleanor Clift, Thomas M. DeFank, James Doyle, John Walcott, and Howard Fineman, “Now for the Hard Part,” Newsweek, August 25, 1980, 18.

  48. Albert R. Hunt, “Reagan Accuses White House of Leaking U. S. Security Data for Political Purposes,” Wall Street Journal, September 5, 1980, 6.

  49. Jeremiah O'Leary and John J. Fialka, “White House Calls Reagan Charge False,” Washington Star, September 6, 1980, A1.

  50. Douglas E. Kneeland, “Kissinger Backs Reagan on Secret Plane Charge,” New York Times, September 6, 1980, A8; Lawrence L. Knutson, “Reagan Defense Aides Rap Disclosu
re,” Associated Press, September 10, 1980.

  51. Douglas E. Kneeland, “Reagan Assails Carter Over Disclosure of Secret Plane,” New York Times, September 5, 1980, A19.

  52. Paul Blustein, “How a Sick Ronald Reagan Rumor Sent Shiver Down Investors' Spines,” Wall Street Journal, September 5, 1980, 17.

  53. Martin Schram, “Reagan's Problems Like Carter's in '76,” Washington Post, September 7, 1980, A1.

  54. Cristine Russell, “Aquarian Reagan Reassures the Scientists,” Washington Star, September 5, 1980, A4.

  55. Allan J. Mayer, Thomas DeFrank, Gloria Borger, and Gerald C. Lubenow, “A Debate Over the Debates,” Newsweek, September 8, 1980, 18.

  56. Ibid.

  57. Tom Morganthau and Richard Manning, “John Anderson's Troubles,” Newsweek, September 1, 1980, 24.

  58. Mayer et al., “A Debate Over the Debates.”

  59. James R. Dickenson, “Reagan Charges Carter Revealed Secrets on ‘Stealth’ to Boost Re-election Chances,” Washington Star, September 5, 1980.

  60. Roberta Hornig and Phil Galley, “Libya Money Described as ‘Gift’ to Billy,” Washington Star, September 5, 1980, A1.

  61. United Press International, “Reagan Campaign Chief Says Civiletti Ought to Leave Post,” Washington Star, September 5, 1980, A4.

  62. Hedrick Smith, “Reagan Given an Edge in ‘Big 9’ Battleground States,” New York Times, September 14, 1980, 32; Anthony Lewis, “The Anderson Difference,” New York Times, September 11, 1980, A18; United Press International, “Connecticut,” Washington Star, September 2, 1980, A3.

  63. Hedrick Smith, “Decision Day for Participation in the Presidential Debates,” New York Times, September 9, 1980, D18.

  64. Maurice Carroll, “Javits Campaign Aides Call a Low Turnout Chief Fear,” New York Times, September 1, 1980, B1.

  65. Smith, “Decision Day for Participation in the Presidential Debates.”

  66. Hedrick Smith, “Carter Declines to Debate After Anderson Is Invited,” New York Times, September 10, 1980, A1.

  67. Bernard Weinraub, “Carter's New TV Ads Stress Complexity of His Job,” New York Times, September 7, 1980, A33.

  68. Robert G. Kaiser, “Candidates on TV: Reagan Goes Low-Key, Carter Goes Dramatic,” Washington Post, September 9, 1980, A2.

  69. Francis X. Clines, “Time for the Song and ‘Nuance Man,’” New York Times, September 25, 1980, B10.

  70. “Campaign Notes,” Washington Post, September 8, 1980, A4.

  71. John Herbers, “Nixon Views Carter: ‘Shrewd’ with ‘Ruthless' Staff,” New York Times, September 8, 1980, B7.

  72. James David Barber, “Worrying About Reagan,” New York Times, September 8, 1980, A19.

  73. Douglas E. Kneeland, “Reagan Offers Plan to Cut Taxes, Balance Budget, Restore Defenses,” New York Times, September 10, 1980, A1.

  74. “Anderson Feels He Can Retrieve White House for GOP,” Associated Press, January 9, 1980.

  75. Kneeland, “Reagan Offers Plan to Cut Taxes, Balance Budget, Restore Defenses.”

  76. Lou Cannon, “Reagan Scales Down Plan for Patching Up Economy,” Washington Post, September 10, 1980, A1.

  77. Kneeland, “Reagan Offers Plan to Cut Taxes, Balance Budget, Restore Defenses.”

  78. Jonathan Fuerbringer, “Key Groups Call Policy 'disastrous,'” Washington Star, September 10, 1980, A1.

  79. Allan J. Mayer and Rich Thomas, “Reaganomics, New Version,” Newsweek, September 22, 1980, 27.

  80. Terence Smith, “Mondale, Ending 2-Day Tour, Is Pressed to Defend Carter's Stand on Debates,” New York Times, September 11, 1980, D18.

  81. Douglas E. Kneeland, “Reagan Presses Carter on Charge of Misleading Nation on Energy,” New York Times, September 12, 1980, D14.

  82. Howell Raines, “Reporter's Notebook: Reagan Gropes for Old ‘Magic’ to Reawaken Crowds,” New York Times, September 15, 1980, B12.

  83. Judy Bachrach, “Cocaine Adds an Unpleasant Political Twist,” Washington Star, September 29, 1980, A4.

  84. Ibid.

  85. Hedrick Smith, “Reagan's Packagers Worry Over Loose Ends,” New York Times, September 7, 1980, E2.

  86. Albert R. Hunt, “Reagan Drive Wobbles as Nominee Misspeaks and His Advisers Feud,” Wall Street Journal, September 4, 1980, 1.

  87. Jay Perkins, “Bush Says Democrats Trying to Hide Their Record,” Associated Press, September 4, 1980.

  88. Robert Shogan, “Reagan Supporters Believe Blunders Can Be Remedied,” Los Angeles Times, September 7, 1980, A16.

  89. Jordan, Crisis, 339.

  90. Barry Sussman and Paul Ferber, “Economic Prospects Give Carter Edge,” Washington Post, September 14, 1980, A1.

  CHAPTER 31: THE TORRENTS OF AUTUMN

  1. James R. Dickenson, “Reagan Assures Aged He Backs Social Security,” Washington Star, September 8, 1980, A4.

  2. Jeremiah O'Leary, “Carter Warns Aides of GOP 'distortions,'” Washington Star, September 13, 1980, A3.

  3. “Politicians Rate Reagan Ahead in Electoral Battle,” Washington Star, September 11, 1980.

  4. Douglas Brew, “Bush Says Foes Deal in ‘Innuendo,’” Washington Star, September 12, 1980.

  5. Howell Raines, “Lyn Nofziger: Barometer in Reagan Strategy Shift,” New York Times, September 28, 1980, 36.

  6. T. R. Reid, “‘Bowling,’ Candy Part of Ritual on Reagan Campaign Plane,” Washington Post, September 20, 1980, A3.

  7. Bill Prochnau, “‘Feeding the Animals,’” Washington Post, September 30, 1980, A1.

  8. Donald P. Baker, “TV Reporters with Vice President Seldom Appear on the News Shows,” Washington Post, September 30, 1980, A2.

  9. Bill Lauderback, in discussion with the author, August 2, 2006; Gary Hoitsma, in discussion with the author, July 24, 2006.

  10. Terence Smith, “Carter Declares Reagan Is ‘Muzzled’ by Advisers,” New York Times, September 16, 1980, B4.

  11. Associated Press, September 10, 1980.

  12. Bernard Gwertzman, “Muskie Discourages Hope That Hostages Will Be Freed Soon,” New York Times, September 16, 1980, A1.

  13. Jimmy Carter, in discussion with the author, July 11, 2006.

  14. Martin Tolchin, “Reagan and Others in GOP Vow to Be Unified If They Control Congress,” New York Times, September 16, 1980, B4.

  15. Barry Serafin, World News Tonight Sunday, ABC News Transcripts, September 15, 1980.

  16. Newt Gingrich, in discussion with the author, May 21, 2006.

  17. Dennis Farney, “‘New Right’ Adherents in Congress Now Play Mainly Defensive Role,” Wall Street Journal, September 16, 1980, 1.

  18. James Mann and Sarah A. Peterson, “Preachers in Politics: Decisive Force in '80?” U. S. News & World Report, September 15, 1980, 24.

  19. George Skelton, “Reagan Gains with Some Evangelicals,” Los Angeles Times, September 17, 1980, B4.

  20. Pat Robertson, “Preachers in Politics,” U. S. News & World Report, September 29, 1980, 3.

  21. “Christian Right Equated with Iran's Mullahs,” Washington Star, September 24, 1980, A4.

  22. Mann and Peterson, “Preachers in Politics.”

  23. Adam Clymer, “Reagan Viewed in Poll as Leader; Carter Cited on Concern for People,” New York Times, September 17, 1980, A1.

  24. Martin Schram, “President Voices Optimism, Muskie Wary on Hostages,” Washington Post, September 16, 1980, A1.

  25. Francis X. Clines, “Carter Suggests Turn to Racism in Reagan Views,” New York Times, September 17, 1980, B10.

  26. Lyn Nofziger, in discussion with the author.

  27. Michael K. Deaver, A Different Drummer: My Thirty Years with Ronald Reagan (New York: HarperCollins, 2001), 186.

  28. Martin Schram, “Carter Says Reagan Injects Racism: President Says Reagan Has Injected Hatred and Racism into Campaign,” Washington Post, September 17, 1980, A1.

  29. United Press International, “Carter Gets Tip from an Old Foe of Reagan,” Washington Star, September 15, 1980, A3.

  30. Eleano
r Randolph, “Carter Says Reagan Abets Racial Unrest,” Los Angeles Times, September 17, 1980, B19.

  31. Howell Raines, “Reagan Woos the Mexican-Americans,” New York Times, September 17, 1980, B10.

  32. Gregory Nokes, “Bush Hits Carter's Comments on Reagan's Civil Rights Record,” Associated Press, September 17, 1980; Steven R. Weisman, “Bush Assails Carter on ‘Ugly Insinuations’ of Racism,” New York Times, September 18, 1980, B10.

  33. Harry F. Rosenthal, “Ford Assails Carter Campaign Rhetoric,” Associated Press, September 18, 1980.

  34. Mary McGrory, “Character Isn't Carter's Issue in This Campaign,” Washington Star, September 26, 1980, A4.

  35. Hamilton Jordan, Crisis: The Last Year of the Carter Presidency (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1982), 343.

  36. T. R. Reid, “Reagan Chastises Carter for No-Show in 1st Debate,” Washington Post, September 18, 1980, A5.

  37. “Transcript of the President's News Conference on Foreign and Domestic Matters,” New York Times, September 19, 1980, B5.

  38. Terence Smith, “Carter Says He Isn't Terming Reagan Racist,” New York Times, September 19, 1980, B4.

  39. Eleanor Randolph and Richard Bergholz, “Carter Denies Suggesting That Reagan Is a Racist,” Los Angeles Times, September 19, 1980, B1.

  40. Smith, “Carter Says He Isn't Terming Reagan Racist.”

  41. Randolph and Bergholz, “Carter Denies Suggesting That Reagan Is a Racist.”

  42. Lisa Myers, “President Backs Off ‘Racism,’” Washington Star, September 19, 1980, A1.

  43. Associated Press, “Reagan Camp Objects,” Washington Star, September 19, 1980.

  44. Lance Gay, “New Carter Ad Campaign Raises Race Charge Again,” Washington Star, September 20, 1980, A1.

  45. Adam Clymer, “Carter Campaign Ad Attacked as a ‘Smear,’” New York Times, September 21, 1980, 34.

  46. Patrick Caddell, in discussion with the author, May 13, 2009.

  47. Editorial, “Running Mean,” Washington Post, September 18, 1980, A18.

  48. James Reston, “What Ails Carter?” New York Times, September 21, 1980, E19.

  49. Jack W. Germond and Jules Witcover, “Racism Charge Is Risky Ground for President,” Washington Star, September 17, 1980, A3.

  50. Reston, “What Ails Carter?”

  51. Hugh Sidey, “More Than a Candidate,” Time, September 29, 1980,