Futebol
Page 39
Coach: Adhemar Pimenta.
1950
Hosts: Brazil
Winners: Uruguay
Brazil are runners-up.
First stage: Brazil 4 Mexico 0, Brazil 2 Switzerland 2, Brazil 2 Yugoslavia 0
Final stage: Brazil 7 Sweden 1, Brazil 6 Spain 1, Brazil 1 Uruguay 2
Brazil: Barbosa; Augusto, Juvenal; Bauer, Danilo, Bigode; Friaça, Zizinho, Ademir, Jair da Rosa Pinto, Chico.
Coach: Flavio Costa.
1954
Hosts: Switzerland
Winners: West Germany
Brazil knocked out in the violent quarter-final 'Battle of Berne'.
First stage: Brazil 5 Mexico 0, Brazil 1 Yugoslavia 1
Quarter-final: Brazil 2 Hungary 4
Brazil: Castilho; Pinheiro, Nilton Santos; Djalma Santos, Bauer, Brandaozinho; Julinho, Didi, Índio, Humberto and Maurinho.
Coach: Zeze Moreira.
1958
Hosts: Sweden
Winners: Brazil
First round: Brazil 3 Austria 0, Brazil 0 England 0, Brazil 2 USSR 0
Quarter-final: Brazil 1 Wales 0
Semi-final: Brazil 5 France 2
Final: Brazil 5 Sweden 2
Brazil: Gilmar; Djalma Santos, Bellini, Nilton Santos; Orlando, Zito; Garrincha, Didi, Vavá, Pelé, Zagalo.
Coach: Vicente Feola.
1962
Hosts: Chile
Winners: Brazil
First stage: Brazil 2 Mexico 0, Brazil 0 Czechoslovakia 0, Brazil 2 Spain 1
Quarter-final: Brazil 3 England 1
Semi-final: Brazil 4 Chile 2
Final: Brazil 3 Czechoslovakia 1
Brazil: Gilmar; Djalma Santos, Mauro, Zozimo, Nilton Santos; Zito, Didi; Garrincha, Vavá, Amarildo, Zagalo.
Coach: Aymore Moreira.
1966
Hosts: England
Winners: England
Brazil knocked out in first round – their worst result in three decades.
First stage: Brazil 2 Bulgaria 0, Brazil 1 Hungary 3, Brazil 1 Portugal 3
Brazil: Manga; Fidelis, Brito, Orlando, Rildo; Denilson, Lima; Jairzinho, Silva, Pelé, Paraná.
Coach: Vicente Feola.
1970
Hosts: Mexico
Winners: Brazil
First stage: Brazil 4 Czechoslovakia 1, Brazil 1 England 0, Brazil 3 Romania 2
Quarter-final: Brazil 4 Peru 0
Semi-final: Brazil 3 Uruguay 1
Final: Brazil 4 Italy 1
Brazil: Felix; Carlos Alberto, Brito, Piazza, Everaldo; Clodoaldo, Gerson, Rivelino; Jairzinho, Tostao, Pelé.
Coach: Zagalo.
1974
Hosts: West Germany
Winners: West Germany
Brazil win fourth place.
First Stage: Brazil 0 Yugoslavia 0, Brazil 0 Scotland 0, Brazil 3 Zaire 0
Second Stage: Brazil 1 East Germany 0, Brazil 2 Argentina 1, Brazil 0 Holland 2
Third-place play-off: Brazil 0 Poland 1
Brazil: Leao; Ze Maria, Alfredo, Marinho Peres, Marinho Chagas; Carpegiani, Rivelino; Valdomiro, Jairzinho, Ademir da Guia (Mirandinha), Dirceu.
Coach: Zagalo.
1978
Hosts: Argentina
Winners: Argentina
Brazil win third place, without losing a game.
First Stage: Brazil 1 Sweden 1, Brazil 0 Spain 0, Brazil 1 Austria 0
Second Stage: Brazil 3 Peru 0, Brazil 0 Argentina 0, Brazil 3 Poland 1
Third-place play-off: Brazil 2 Italy 1
Brazil: Leao; Nelinho, Oscar, Amaral, Rodrigues Neto; Batista, Cerezo (Rivellino), J Mendonça; Gil (Reinaldo), Roberto Dinamite, Dirceu.
Coach: Cláudio Coutinho.
1982
Hosts: Spain
Winners: Italy
Brazil knocked out in second stage.
First Stage: Brazil 2 USSR 1, Brazil 4 Scotland 1, Brazil 4 New Zealand 0
Second Stage: Brazil 3 Argentina 1, Brazil 2 Italy 3
Brazil: Valdir Peres; Leandro, Oscar, Luizinho, Junior; Falcao, Socrates, Zico; Cerezo, Serginho, Eder.
Coach: Tele Santana.
1986
Hosts: Mexico
Winners: Argentina
Brazil knocked out on penalties in a dramatic quarter-final in which Zico misses a penalty in normal time.
First Stage: Brazil 1 Spain 0, Brazil 1 Algeria 0, Brazil 3 Northern Ireland 0
Second Stage, first round: Brazil 4 Poland 0
Quarter-final: Brazil 1 France 1 (France win 4-3 on penalties)
Brazil: Carlos; Josimar, Julio Cesar, Edinho, Branco; Elzo, Alemao, Junior (Silas), Socrates; Müller (Zico), Careca.
Coach: Tele Santana.
1990
Hosts: Italy
Winners: West Germany
Brazil surprised by losing to arch-rivals in the last 16.
First Stage: Brazil 2 Sweden 1, Brazil 1 Costa Rica 0, Brazil 1 Scotland 0
Second Stage, first round: Brazil 0 Argentina 1
Brazil: Taffarel; Ricardo Rocha, Mauro Galvao (Silas), Ricardo Gomes; Jorginho, Dunga, Alemao (Renato Gaucho), Valdo, Branco; Müller, Careca.
Coach: Sebastiao Lazaroni.
1994
Hosts: United States
Winners: Brazil
First Stage: Brazil 2 Russia 0, Brazil 3 Cameroon 0, Brazil 1 Sweden 1
Second Stage, first round: Brazil 1 United States 0
Quarter-final: Brazil 3 Holland 0
Semi-final: Brazil 1 Sweden 0
Final: Brazil 0 Italy 0 (Brazil win 3-2 on penalties)
Brazil: Taffarel; Jorginho (Cafu), Aldair, Marcio Santos, Branco; Mauro Silva, Dunga, Mazinho, Zinho (Viola); Bebeto, Romario.
Coach: Carlos Alberto Parreira.
1998
Hosts: France
Winners: France
Brazil are runners-up.
First Stage: Brazil 2 Scotland 1, Brazil 3 Morocco 0, Brazil 1 Norway 2
Second Stage, first round: Brazil 4 Chile 1
Quarter-final: Brazil 3 Denmark 2
Semi-final: Brazil 1 Holland 1 (Brazil win 4-2 on penalties)
Final: Brazil 0 France 3
Brazil: Taffarel; Cafu, Aldair, Junior Baiano, Roberto Carlos; Cesar Sampaio (Edmundo), Dunga, Rivaldo, Leonardo (Denilson); Bebeto, Ronaldo.
Coach: Zagallo.
2002
Hosts: Korea/Japan
Winners: Brazil
First Stage: Brazil 2 Turkey 1, Brazil 2 China 0, Brazil 5 Costa Rica 2
Second Stage, first round: Brazil 2 Belgium 0
Quarter-final: Brazil 2 England 1
Semi-final: Brazil 1 Turkey 0
Final: Brazil 2 Germany 0
Brazil: Marcos; Cafu, Liicio, Edmilson, Roque Junior, Roberto Carlos; Kleberson, Gilberto Silva; Ronaldinho (Juninho), Rivaldo, Ronaldo (Denilson)
Coach: Luiz Felipe Scolari.
Appendix Four
A BRAZILIAN FOOTBALL
IN FOUR STEPS
Even though footballs can be bought in Brazil for the equivalent of a few pounds, they are still out of many people's financial reach. Poor Brazilians in the Amazon often spend days making balls from the raw materials. When I was in Amapá, I met Mundico, a rubber-tapper who kindly gave me the following instructions – indispensable knowledge if you are stranded, ball-less in the jungle and feel like a kickabout.
Day One
Step One:
Find three rubber trees (Hevea Brasiliensis) that are between 15m and 30m high. Make eight cuts on each trunk in the shape of a 'V. Attach a bowl to the tree underneath the cuts. As the day passes white latex spills out and gathers in the bowl. If you do this in the morning, by the afternoon there will be enough latex to transfer to a small bucket.
Step Two:
Light a small bonfire made of twigs and straw covered with a layer of earth. The fire should billow thick smoke. Take a cherry-sized clay ball and attach it to a stick. Holding the stick, dip the ball-end into the bowl so that the ball is cove
red with a thin film of latex. Put it in the smoke until the latex hardens. Repeat twelve times and then leave it to dry.
Day Two
Delicately squeeze the hardened rubber to remove the clay ball. You should be left with a small rubber sphere that has a small hole, from where the thin stick protruded. Blow through this hole like a balloon and tie a knot when the ball is football-sized.
Day Three
Collect more latex and put it in a bowl. Pour the latex into a second bowl over the smoke to give the liquid more consistency. Then cover the ball in a layer of latex and fumigate it until it is hard. Once this process has been repeated six times the football is ready.
Appendix Five
NOTES ON THE COVER
The image on the cover details the last sketches that, in 1953, nineteen-year-old Aldyr Garcia Schlee made before he designed the Brazilian football strip. Each of the figures is based on a famous footballer of the early 1950s. On the back cover, the man on the left is Claudio, who played on the right wing for Corinthians. To his right is Pinheiro, a Fluminense defender. Of his shirt, Aldyr says: 'That was a crazy suggestion. Really it was a windcheater, with a yellow belt tight around the waist and with an old-style collar, the kind you tie together with string . . . A kid thing.' On the front cover, the man in the green and yellow stripes is Ademir Meneses, of Vasco, who scored nine goals in the 1950 World Cup-still the country's record. The final figure is Baltazar, known as Cabecinha de Ouro, or 'Little Golden Head', since he scored outstanding headed goals.
After he had jotted down these examples Aldyr decided which combination he thought worked best. He took Baltazar's top, without the stars and the 'Brasil', and put them together with Ademir's collar and Pinheiro's shorts and socks. He painted this outfit in much more detail, put it on a background of the Maracanã, and sent it off to the Brazilian Sports Confederation (CBD). The copy has either been lost or destroyed. When I called up the Brazilian Football Confederation, which took over from the CBD, I was told by its library assistant that the picture was most probably incinerated. 'All public documents are incinerated after five years,' he said gruffly. 'It's the law. Paper doesn't keep in this climate.'
Aldyr stuffed the four moustachioed almost-weres inside a magazine and forgot about it. The quartet remained in the back of a drawer of his home in Pelotas for almost fifty years. In January 2001 Aldyr came across the magazine when he was preparing for my visit. The yellow and the green have held their colour, but the cobalt blue used has faded to sky-blue. He was surprised at how enchanted I was when he showed me the picture: 'It was a draft, a doodle, one of so many that I sketched without thinking anything.' A few months later we spoke about it being used on the cover. He said that Baltazar suggested to him 'the voodoo-esque figure of a drunken zombie: a lost gaze, his arms searching for balance with an old, flat, threadbare, useless ball at his feet'. Aldyr concluded wryly that considering Brazil's recent poor performances the image therefore had unforeseen relevance.
OBRIGADO
I was able to research and write this book together with my duties at the Guardian thanks to the generosity and patience of Ed Pilkington and the foreign desk.
Many friends offered help and encouragement. Especially Matt McAllester, David Bellos, Ilona Morison, Aidan Hamilton, Aldyr Garcia Schlee, João Carlos Assumpção at the Folha de São Paulo, Márcia Moreira, Alessandro Penna of Guerin Sportivo, Marcelo Senna at Extra, Aldo Rebelo, Matt Tench at Observer Sports Monthly, Bill Prince at GQ, Sérgio Xavier Filho and Andre Fontenelle at Placar, Marcelo Damato at Lance!, Max Gehringer, Simon Robinson, Gavin Pretor-Pinney, Simon Kuper, Geoff Dyer, Ed Baden Powell, Angus Mitchell, Ana Paula Pedroso, Roberto B. Dias da Silva, Francisco de Assis Alves, Silvia Rogar, Marcelo Carneiro, Luiz Cesar Saraiva Feijo, Luiz Gustavo Vieira de Castro, Hermano Vianna, Toby Calder, Matthew and Gay Kershaw, Grant Fleming, Michael Ende, Adriana Pavlova, Julian Smith, Gareth Chetwynd, Andrew Downie, Matt Butler, Tony Young, Annette MacKenzie, Sam Cartmell and Luis Nachbin.
At Bloomsbury thanks to Edward Faulkner and Liz Calder.
PICTURE CREDITS
Picture credits for the colour sections
Abril Imagens: 6. 8b, c. 9b. 11b, c. 13c. 22. 24a
Agência Estado: 9c
Agência O Globo: 21a
Aldyr Garcia Schlee: 4
Agência Lance! 14b
Alex Bellos: la, b, c. 3a, b. 5. 7a, b, c, d. 9a. 10a, b, c. 11a. 12a, b. 15a, b, c, d. 17c. 18. 19a, b. 21b. 24b, c
Claudio Ribeiro Personal Archive: 8a
Eduardo Santana Personal Archive: 14a
Michael Ende: 16a, b, c. 17a, b
M Klein/The Guardian: 13a
Rogério Reis/Tyba: 11d
EC Vitória: 13b
Picture credits for the black-and-white images
Abril Imagens:
Agência Estado:
Agência O Globo:
Agência Lance!:
Aidan Hamilton Archive:
Alex Bellos:
Fon-Fon, National Library, Rio de Janeiro:
Franco Cosimo Panini: Gazeta Press:
Leônidas da Silva Archive:
O Malho, National Library, Rio de Janeiro:
Manchete: Nelson Rodrigues Archive:
Pedro Martinelli:
Ricardo Azevedo, Armazém do Folclóre:
Roberto Porto Archive:
Colour sections and maps designed by Richard Home
Every reasonable effort has been made to trace copyright holders of material reproduced in this book, but if any have inadvertantly been overlooked the publishers would be glad to hear from them.
A Note on the Author
Alex Bellos is the correspondent for the Guardian and the Observer in Rio de Janeiro where he has lived and worked for four years. This is his first book.
The CD 'Música de Futebol' of Brazilian music inspired by football is available on Mr Bongo Records
(mrbcd/lp24).