Hitlerland

by Andrew Nagorski

  296 One of Mildred’s jobs and Mildred’s reported role in escapes: Ibid., 245. Also Anne Nelson, Red Orchestra: The Story of the Berlin Underground and the Circle of Friends Who Resisted Hitler, 163–164.

  296 Her husband Arvid and relationship with Heath: Ibid., 224–227.

  296 “a German patriot”: Ibid., 266. A similar argument is made by Anne Nelson in Red Orchestra.

  297 “Harnack never”: Ibid., 264.

  297 But Brysac documented and rest of Korotkov-Harnack story, including Korotkov quote and Harnack’s first intelligence report: Ibid., 261–267.

  297 They also weren’t helped: Ibid., 307.

  297 In late August and estimate of arrests: Ibid., 329.

  297 “loss of honor” and other verdicts: Ibid., 359; rest of Mildred’s story, 359–379.

  298 “And I have loved”: Ibid., 379.

  298 “When a new number” and account of Lovell’s activities, including dinner with military attachés: Harsch, At the Hinge of History, 54–55.

  299 “Just imagine” and rest of Schultz-Boehmer exchange: Schultz, 162–163.

  299 “the best immediate defense” and fireside chat: Jonas, 248.

  300 “the severest bombing yet” and rest of Shirer’s account of bombing on September 10: Shirer, Berlin Diary, 503–504.

  301 “Night Crime” and other headline: Ibid., 509.

  301 “Except for”: Flannery, 151.

  301 “But after the Russian campaign” and “No, I just had bad news” and depression: Ibid., 378–380.

  302 “Mein Gott” and “I thought I was gone”: Ibid., 384–385.

  302 “I love my wife” and exchange with woman plastic surgeon: Schultz, 138–139.

  302 Angus Thuermer and story of third floor apartment and Jewish visitor: Angus Thuermer interviewed by author.

  303 Howard K. Smith and Heppler episode: Howard K. Smith, 184–187.

  304 “The increasingly desperate”: Kennan, 106.

  304 “Time proved him”: Beam, unpublished manuscript.

  304 Aside from taking on: Kennan, 106. (Kennan estimated that the U.S. represented the interests of eleven countries by the time of Pearl Harbor.)

  304 “I felt that”: Harsch, At the Hinge of History, 56.

  305 “you must never”: Huss, 214.

  305 “the hottest game” and “Everything else”: Ibid., ix–x.

  305 “Many times I heard her say”: Harsch, At the Hinge of History, 55.

  305 “knew everything”: Howard K. Smith, 226.

  306 “on suspicion of espionage” and rest of Hottelet’s account: Richard C. Hottelet, “Guest of Gestapo,” San Francisco Chronicle, Aug. 3, 1941; Hottelet interviewed by author.

  306 “Had he been” and other Smith comments about Hottelet: Howard K. Smith, 226–227.

  306 Beam, who: Beam, unpublished manuscript.

  307 “Your situation is”: Howard K. Smith, 346.

  307 “Czech patriots”: Ibid., 348.

  307 “utterly vapid”: Ibid., 349.

  307 Like other American reporters: Ibid., 344.

  308 “We who have been” and on German character: Shirer, Berlin Diary, 584–585.

  309 “I am firmly convinced”: Ibid., 591–592.

  309 “The question before” and “The alternative”: Harsch, Pattern of Conquest, 303–304.

  309 Huss interviewed Hitler with quotes and description: Huss, 279–300.

  CHAPTER TWELVE: THE LAST ACT

  PAGE

  311 “The similarities” and rest of descriptions and quotes on December 7 and immediate aftermath: Kennan, Memoirs, 134–135.

  311 It was a titanic struggle and statistics on battle for Moscow: Andrew Nagorski, The Greatest Battle: Stalin, Hitler, and the Desperate Struggle for Moscow That Changed the Course of World War II, 2.

  312 “General Mud and General Cold”: Antony Beevor and Luba Vinogradova, eds., A Writer at War: Vasily Grossman with the Red Army, 1941–1945, 223.

  312 Germany an economic powerhouse: Kershaw, Hitler, 1936–1945: Nemesis, 434.

  313 “We can’t lose”: Ibid., 442.

  313 “We are all”: Winston S. Churchill, The Grand Alliance, 605.

  313 “To me the best tidings”: Richard M. Langworth, ed., Churchill by Himself: The Definitive Collection of Quotations, 132.

  313 The sudden rash of: Charles B. Burdick, An American Island in Hitler’s Reich: The Bad Nauheim Internment, 9.

  313 only fifteen, less than a third: See Howard K. Smith, 344, for original number of about fifty.

  314 “enemy aliens”: For a description of one of these cases, see HistoryLink.org Essay 8654.

  314 “will be done” and rest of Lochner account of press conference, including Schmidt quote: Lochner, What About Germany?, 360–361.

  314 bye-bye and rest of Thuermer account: Thuermer, unpublished manuscript, and interview with author.

  315 Friends kept dropping by and account of Lochner’s arrest: Lochner, What About Germany?, 363–364.

  316 “We still have” and “The Gestapo” and breakfast: Ibid., 364–366.

  316 At the embassy and scene with von Ribbentrop: Kennan, 135–136.

  316 “entire satanic insidiousness”: Kershaw, 446.

  316 cheering news: Lochner, What About Germany?, 366–367.

  317 Hitler had ordered: Kennan, 136.

  317 Returning to their homes: Burdick, 28.

  317 132 Americans: Louis Lochner, “Americans Fed Better Than Germans, But Still Lose Weight,” AP dispatch published in the Frederick Post, May 20, 1942, Associated Press Corporate Archives.

  317 It had been closed: Burdick, 37.

  317 In January and February: Lochner, What About Germany?, 369.

  318 “This showed us”: Lochner, AP dispatch, May 20, 1942.

  318 To deal with the constant problems and Patzak also allowed: Burdick, 47.

  319 “It is in the general interest”: Ibid., 46.

  319 “a rather unique”: Lochner, What About Germany?, 369.

  319 The AP’s Ed Shanke: Ibid., 370–371; and Burdick, 48.

  319 Alvin Steinkopf: Burdick, 51, 57.

  319 “Badheim University” and “Education of the ignorant”: Burdick, 62–63. Other details about activities from Thuermer, unpublished manuscript, and Thuermer interviewed by author.

  320 Kennan won permission and other baseball details: Burdick, 85; also Thuermer, unpublished manuscript, and interview.

  320 “for disciplinary control”: Kennan, 136.

  320 British bombers: Burdick, 96.

  321 “to keep the more” and breakfast story at the border: Kennan, 137–138.

  321 “We had not”: Ibid., 139.

  321 “The department”: Ibid., 139–140.

  322 Drottningholm: Burdick, 106.

  AFTERWORD

  PAGE

  326 “She continued to serve”: Helms, 20.

  326 “of my Harvard Club friend”: Hanfstaengl, 293.

  326 Arriving in Washington: Ibid., 294.

  326 “most of the time”: Eric Hanfstaengl interviewed by author (2009).

  326 “still in his bones”: Marwell, 517.

  Bibliography

  ARCHIVAL SOURCES

  Associated Press Corporate Archives, New York, NY

  Franklin D. Roosevelt Library, Hyde Park, NY

  Hoover Institution Archives, Stanford, CA

  Leo Baeck Institute Archives, New York, NY

  Library of Congress, Washington, DC

  National Archives, College Park, MD

  Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University Libraries Archival Collections, New York, NY

  UNPUBLISHED MANUSCRIPTS FROM PRIVATE COLLECTIONS

  Jacob Beam, unpublished manuscript (with no title page), courtesy of Alex Beam.

  David Marwell, “Unwonted Exile: A Biography of Ernst ‘Putzi’ Hanfstaengl,” Ph.D. dissertation, State University of New York at Binghamton, 1988.

  John J. McLaughlin, “General Albert Coady
Wedemeyer, 1897–1989: Soldier, Scholar, Statesman,” Ph.D. dissertation, Drew University, 2008.

  Angus Maclean Thuermer, “What to Do if Your Moustache Falls Off (Fairly True Reports from a CIA Man),” courtesy of the author and his family.

  (Unpublished manuscripts from archives are included in the Notes.)

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