The American Vice Presidency
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7. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 142.
8. Seager, And Tyler Too, 56–58.
9. Remini, Andrew Jackson and the Course of American Democracy, 36.
10. Chitwood, John Tyler, 115.
11. Monroe, The Republican Vision of John Tyler, 73.
12. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 128.
13. Chitwood, John Tyler, 154.
14. Ibid., 166–69.
15. Ibid., 173.
16. Ibid., 175.
17. Seager, And Tyler Too, 135.
18. Chitwood, John Tyler, 188.
19. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 145.
20. Pastan, The Smithsonian Book of Presidential Trivia, 180.
11. GEORGE M. DALLAS
1. Seigenthaler, James K. Polk, 73.
2. Ibid., 78.
3. Ibid., 76.
4. Ibid., 80–81.
5. Belohlavek, George Mifflin Dallas, 88.
6. Ibid., 88–89.
7. Ibid., 90.
8. Ibid., 92–93.
9. Ibid., 96.
10. Seigenthaler, James K. Polk, 92–93.
11. Belohlavek, George Mifflin Dallas, 100.
12. Ibid.
13. Ibid., 102.
14. Seigenthaler, James K. Polk, 115–16.
15. Belohlavek, George Mifflin Dallas, 112.
16. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 158.
17. Belohlavek, George Mifflin Dallas, 114.
18. Ibid., 115.
19. Ibid., 124.
20. Seigenthaler, James K. Polk, 152.
21. Belohlavek, George Mifflin Dallas, 134.
22. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 151.
12. MILLARD FILLMORE
1. Rayback, Millard Fillmore, 2–3.
2. Ibid., 14.
3. Ibid., 150–51.
4. Quoted by Troy, “The Election of 1848,” 187.
5. Ibid.
6. Ibid., 189.
7. Ibid., 191.
8. Rayback, Millard Fillmore, 185–86.
9. Ibid., 192.
10. Blum et al., The National Experience, 299–300.
11. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 174.
12. Ibid., 175.
13. WILLIAM R. KING
1. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 183.
2. Remini, Henry Clay, 424.
3. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 183.
4. Remini, Henry Clay, 573.
5. Ibid., 574.
6. Ibid.
7. Ibid.
8. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 185.
9. Ibid.
10. Ibid.
11. Ibid., 186.
12. Ibid., 181.
14. JOHN C. BRECKINRIDGE
1. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 194.
2. Heck, Proud Kentuckian, 42.
3. Ibid., 61.
4. Ibid., 63.
5. Ibid., 74.
6. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 197.
7. Blum et al., The National Experience, 349.
8. Heck, Proud Kentuckian, 85.
9. Ibid., 89.
10. Ibid., 98.
11. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 198.
12. Heck, Proud Kentuckian, 102; William C. Davis, Breckinridge, 276.
13. Heck, Proud Kentuckian, 106.
14. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 198.
15. Ibid., 199.
16. Ibid.
15. HANNIBAL HAMLIN
1. H. Draper Hunt, Hannibal Hamlin of Maine, 4–6.
2. Ibid., 17.
3. Ibid., 23.
4. Ibid., 25.
5. Ibid., 29.
6. Ibid., 48.
7. Ibid., 62.
8. Ibid., 48.
9. Ibid., 81.
10. Ibid., 83–84.
11. Ibid., 88–89.
12. Ibid., 91.
13. Ibid., 102.
14. Ibid., 117.
15. Ibid., 118.
16. Ibid., 119; Hamlin, The Life and Times of Hannibal Hamlin, 354–55.
17. Hunt, Hannibal Hamlin of Maine, 122.
18. Ibid., 126.
19. Hamlin, The Life and Times of Hannibal Hamlin, 367; Hunt, Hannibal Hamlin of Maine, 139.
20. Hunt, Hannibal Hamlin of Maine, 147.
21. Hamlin, The Life and Times of Hannibal Hamlin, 406–7.
22. Blum et al., The National Experience, 353.
23. Hunt, Hannibal Hamlin of Maine, 154.
24. Ibid., 155.
25. Ibid., 156.
26. Ibid., 156–57.
27. Ibid., 156–58.
28. Ibid., 159–60.
29. Ibid., 162.
30. Ibid., 166.
31. Ibid., 172.
32. Ibid., 173.
33. Ibid., 177.
34. Ibid., 179–80.
35. Ibid., 182.
36. Trefousse, Andrew Johnson, 177.
37. Hunt, Hannibal Hamlin of Maine, 188–89.
38. Ibid., 189–90.
39. Ibid., 191.
40. Ibid., 193.
41. Ibid., 194.
42. Ibid.
43. Ibid., 198–99.
44. Ibid. 199–200.
16. ANDREW JOHNSON
1. H. Draper Hunt, Hannibal Hamlin of Maine, 180.
2. Trefousse, Andrew Johnson, 32–33.
3. Ibid., 43–45.
4. Ibid., 57.
5. Ibid., 43, 63.
6. Lately Thomas, The First President Johnson, 140; Trefousse, Andrew Johnson, 119–21.
7. Thomas, The First President Johnson, 146.
8. Ibid.
9. Ibid.
10. Ibid., 152.
11. Ibid., 160; Trefousse, Andrew Johnson, 130.
12. Thomas, The First President Johnson, 163–64.
13. Ibid., 168.
14. Trefousse, Andrew Johnson, 140.
15. Thomas, The First President Johnson, 206–7.
16. Ibid., 229.
17. Ibid., 234, 242–43.
18. Ibid., 268–69; Trefousse, Andrew Johnson, 180.
19. Thomas, The First President Johnson, 274.
20. Trefousse, Andrew Johnson, 180.
21. Thomas, The First President Johnson, 272–73.
22. Trefousse, Andrew Johnson, 180.
23. Ibid.
24. Ibid., 182.
25. Thomas, The First President Johnson, 279; Trefousse, Andrew Johnson, 183.
26. Thomas, The First President Johnson, 279; Trefousse, Andrew Johnson, 183.
27. Thomas, The First President Johnson, 279.
28. Ibid., 279.
29. Ibid., 294.
30. Ibid., 291.
31. Hunt, Hannibal Hamlin of Maine, 195.
32. Ibid., 196–97.
33. Trefousse, Andrew Johnson, 189–90.
34. Ibid.
35. Ibid., 191; Thomas, The First President Johnson, 303.
36. Trefousse, Andrew Johnson, 190.
37. Ibid., 194.
38. Thomas, The First President Johnson, 317–18.
39. Trefousse, Andrew Johnson, 211–12.
40. Ibid., 217.
17. SCHUYLER COLFAX
1. Willard H. Smith, Schuyler Colfax, 2–4.
2. Ibid., 10.
3. Ibid., 13.
4. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 224.
5. Ibid., 226.
6. Smith, Schuyler Colfax, 218–19.
7. Ibid., 221.
8. Ibid., 223.
9. Ibid., 225.
10. Ibid., 227.
11. Ibid., 233–34.
12. Trefousse, Impeachment of a President, 38–39.
13. Ibid., 306.
14. Ibid., 310.
15. Ibid., 317.
16. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 227.
17. Ibid., 329; Gray, ed., Gentlemen from Indiana,
75–77.
18. Smith, Schuyler Colfax, 330.
19. Ibid., 331.
20. Ibid., 332.
21. Ibid., 347–48.
18. HENRY WILSON
1. McKay, Henry Wilson, Practical Radical, 8.
2. Abbott, Cobbler in Congress, 8.
3. Ibid., 80–81.
4. Ibid., 81–82.
5. Ibid., 82.
6. McKay, Henry Wilson, Practical Radical, 111.
7. Abbott, Cobbler in Congress, 109.
8. Ibid., 156.
9. Ibid., 161–62.
10. Ibid., 178.
11. Ibid., 189.
12. Ibid., 203.
13. McFeeley, “The Election of 1872,” 305.
14. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 238.
15. Ibid.
19. WILLIAM A. WHEELER
1. Howells, Sketch of the Life and Character of Rutherford B. Hayes, 12.
2. Ibid., 5–8.
3. Ibid., 11.
4. Ibid., 13–14.
5. Ibid., 16.
6. Ibid., 23.
7. Polakoff, The Politics of Inertia, 104–35, 180–82.
8. Howells, Sketch of the Life and Character of Rutherford B. Hayes, 16–17.
9. Ibid., 20.
10. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 243.
11. Nevins, foreword to John F. Kennedy’s Profiles in Courage, xiv.
12. Polakoff, The Politics of Inertia, 123.
13. T. Harry Williams, ed., Hayes, 69, 129.
14. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 247.
15. Ibid.
20. CHESTER A. ARTHUR
1. Ackerman, Dark Horse, 61.
2. Thomas C. Reeves, Gentleman Boss, 18–19, 42.
3. Ibid., 60; Ackerman, Dark Horse, 18, 62.
4. Reeves, Gentleman Boss, 63, 76–77.
5. Karabell, Chester Alan Arthur, 33.
6. Reeves, Gentleman Boss, 147.
7. Ibid., 180; Ackerman, Dark Horse, 128.
8. Reeves, Gentleman Boss, 183.
9. Ibid., 184.
10. Ibid. 189.
11. Ibid, 206.
12. Ibid., 224.
13. Ibid., 234–35.
14. Ibid., 236.
15. Ibid., 236–37.
16. Ibid., 237.
17. Ibid., 241.
18. Ibid., 245.
19. Ibid., 260.
20. Ibid., 280–81.
21. Ibid., 318.
22. Ibid., 369.
23. Ibid., 387–88.
21. THOMAS A. HENDRICKS
1. Hensel, “A Biographical Sketch of Thomas A. Hendricks,” 197.
2. Gray, ed., Gentlemen from Indiana, 126.
3. Holcombe and Skinner, Life and Public Services of Thomas A. Hendricks, 267.
4. Ibid., 264.
5. Ibid., 265–66.
6. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 263.
7. Gray, ed., Gentlemen from Indiana, 133.
8. Hensel, “A Biographical Sketch of Thomas A. Hendricks,” 244–45.
9. Nevins, Grover Cleveland, 147.
10. McElroy, Grover Cleveland, 1:83; Graff, Grover Cleveland, 53.
11. Hirsch, “Election of 1884,” 1571.
12. Ibid., 1572.
13. Ibid., 1574–75; Graff, Grover Cleveland, 60–64.
14. Hirsch, “Election of 1884,” 1578.
15. Ibid., 1581.
16. Graff, Grover Cleveland, 66.
17. Holcombe and Skinner, Life and Public Services of Thomas A. Hendricks, 375.
22. LEVI P. MORTON
1. McElroy, Levi Parsons Morton, x.
2. Ibid., 31.
3. Ibid., 20.
4. Ibid., 33–43.
5. Ibid., 56–58.
6. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 271.
7. Ibid.
8. McElroy, Levi Parsons Morton, 129–30.
9. Ibid., 171.
10. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 273.
23. ADLAI E. STEVENSON
1. Jean H. Baker, The Stevensons, 83–85.
2. Ibid., 83–86.
3. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 279.
4. Baker, The Stevensons, 97–100.
5. Ibid., 121.
6. Ibid.
7. Ibid., 127.
8. Ibid.
9. Morgan, “The Election of 1892,” 1720.
10. Baker, The Stevensons, 147.
11. Ibid., 150.
12. Ibid., 149.
13. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 281.
14. Algeo, The President Is a Sick Man, 53–55.
15. Ibid., 63–79.
16. Ibid., 91–92.
17. Ibid., 91–97.
18. Baker, The Stevensons, 165–66.
19. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 282.
20. Baker, The Stevensons, 168.
21. Ibid., 176–77.
22. Ibid., 178.
24. GARRET A. HOBART
1. Magie, The Life of Garret Augustus Hobart, 30, 41.
2. Ibid., 2.
3. Ibid., 1.
4. Ibid., 13, 20–24.
5. Ibid., 25.
6. Ibid., 25, 28–30.
7. Ibid., 31–34.
8. Ibid., 34–37.
9. Ibid., 49, 50.
10. Ibid., 58–70.
11. Ibid., 64–68.
12. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 290–91.
13. Magie, The Life of Garret Augustus Hobart, 75.
14. Ibid., 74.
15. Ibid., 78.
16. Connolly, “Vice President Garret A. Hobart and Nineteenth-Century Republican Business Politics,” 1, 20.
17. Ibid., 27.
18. Magie, The Life of Garret Augustus Hobart, 103.
19. Ibid., 104–5.
20. Blum et al., The National Experience, 530–31.
21. Schlesinger and Frent, eds., Running for President, 2:xiv.
22. Blum et al., The National Experience, 531–32.
23. Connolly, “Vice President Garret A. Hobart and Nineteenth-Century Republican Business Politics,” 27–28.
24. Ibid., 33–34.
25. Ibid., 29.
26. Ibid., 30.
27. Hobart, Memories, 3–4, 44.
28. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 291.
29. Connolly, “Vice President Garret A. Hobart and Nineteenth-Century Republican Business Politics,” 31–32.
30. Hobart, Memories, 14.
31. Ibid.
32. Connolly, “Vice President Garret A. Hobart and Nineteenth-Century Republican Business Politics,” 29.
33. Magie, The Life of Garret Augustus Hobart, 154.
34. Gould, The Presidency of William McKinley, 151.
35. Connolly, “Vice President Garret A. Hobart and Nineteenth-Century Republican Business Politics,” 33.
36. Ibid., 34.
37. Gould, The Presidency of William McKinley, 176; Hobart, Memories, 68–69.
38. Connolly, “Vice President Garret A. Hobart and Nineteenth-Century Republican Business Politics,” 37.
25. THEODORE ROOSEVELT
1. Auchincloss, Theodore Roosevelt, 37.
2. Ibid., 10.
3. Ibid., 12.
4. Roosevelt, The Autobiography of Theodore Roosevelt, 37.
5. Ibid., 38.
6. Edmund Morris, The Rise of Theodore Roosevelt, 241.
7. Nathan Miller, Theodore Roosevelt, 158.
8. Morris, The Rise of Theodore Roosevelt, 392–93.
9. Ibid., 497–98.
10. Ibid., 510–11.
11. Ibid., 552–53.
12. Auchincloss, Theodore Roosevelt, 26.
13. Gould, The Presidency of William McKinley, 69.
14. Ibid., 75.
15. Morris, The Rise of Theodore Roosevelt, 600.
16. Auchincloss, Theodore Roosevelt, 27.
17. Morris, The Rise of Theo
dore Roosevelt, 609.
18. Ibid., 620–28.
19. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 301.
20. Miller, Theodore Roosevelt, 334.
21. Ibid., 338.
22. Gould, The Presidency of William McKinley, 216–17.
23. Witcover, Crapshoot, 55.
24. Morris, The Rise of Theodore Roosevelt, 729.
25. LaFeber, “The Election of 1900,” 1897.
26. Miller, Theodore Roosevelt, 342.
27. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 305.
28. Irving G. Williams, The Rise of the Vice Presidency, 84–85.
29. Miller, Theodore Roosevelt, 398–409.
26. CHARLES W. FAIRBANKS
1. Gould, The Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt, 135.
2. Irving G. Williams, The Rise of the Vice Presidency, 84.
3. William Henry Smith, The Life and Speeches of Charles Warren Fairbanks, 21–24.
4. Hatfield, Vice Presidents of the United States, 314.
5. Ibid.
6. Nathan Miller, Theodore Roosevelt, 438.
7. Smith, The Life and Speeches of Charles Warren Fairbanks, 211.
8. J. M. Cooper Jr., “The Election of 1900,” 29.
9. Gray, Indiana’s Favorite Sons, 1840–1940, 185.
10. Edmund Morris, Theodore Rex, 364; Gould, The Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt, 139.
11. Williams, The Rise of the Vice Presidency, 88.
12. Ibid., 89.
13. Gould, The Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt, 271.
14. Williams, The Rise of the Vice Presidency, 89–90.
15. Morris, Theodore Rex, 526.
27. JAMES S. SHERMAN
1. Williams, The Rise of the Vice Presidency, 93; Anderson, William Howard Taft, 132.
2. Hatfleld, Vice Presidents of the United States, 329.
3. Ibid., 326.
4. Ibid., 327.
5. Depew, My Eighty Years of Memories, 176–77.
6. Williams, The Rise of the Vice Presidency, 92.
7. Gould, The Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt, 113.
8. Ibid.
9. Pringle, The Life and Times of William Howard Taft, 564.
10. Manners, TR and Will, 175–76; Pringle, The Life and Times of William Howard Taft, 565.
11. Brands, TR, 675.
12. Gould, The Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt, 97.
28. THOMAS R. MARSHALL
1. Charles M. Thomas, Thomas Riley Marshall, 12–16.