Reign of Error: The Hoax of the Privatization Movement and the Danger to America's Public Schools
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Society of Professional Journalists
Song, Anna
Soviet Union, 4.1, 7.1
space program, 7.1, 12.1
special education, 13.1, 16.1, 16.2, 17.1, 17.2, 23.1, 25.1, 25.2
special needs students, 4.1, 14.1, 25.1, 26.1, 26.2, 33.1, 33.2
speech therapy
Sputnik, 7.1, 12.1
“Sputnik moment,”
standards, 1.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 6.1, 30.1, 31.1
Common Core, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 17.1, 30.1, 31.1, 33.1
curriculum, 2.1, 16.1
Illinois state, 20.1, 20.2
national, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 17.1, 17.2, 30.1
NCLB
for online schools
for principals, itr.1, 1.1, 29.1, 29.2
for teachers, see teachers, standards for
Stand for Children
“stand your ground” law
Stanford University, 11.1, 15.1, 17.1
state aid
state boards of education, 29.1, 32.1, 32.2, nts.1n
state constitutions
state education departments, 2.1, 30.1
state legislatures
states, educational role of, 30.1, 33.1
status dropout rate
Steinbeck, John
strikes, 3.1, 33.1
StudentsFirst, 5.1, 11.1, 13.1, 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 32.1, 32.2
suburbs, 25.1, 31.1, 31.2, 31.3
affluent, 24.1, 24.2, 32.1
Success Academy Charter Schools
summer camp, 6.1, 10.1
summer programs
superintendents, 3.1, 11.1, 14.1, 15.1, 15.2, 26.1, 29.1, 29.2, 30.1, 30.2, 32.1
Chiefs for Change
standards for, itr.1, 1.1, 29.1, 29.2
training of, 3.1, 3.2, 14.1
Supreme Court, U.S., 4.1, 19.1, 19.2, 31.1
Sweating the Small Stuff (Whitman)
Sweden, 8.1, 9.1, 23.1
Switzerland, 9.1, 31.1
taxes, 2.1, 4.1, 9.1, 16.1, 16.2, 18.1, 19.1, 19.2, 26.1, 30.1, 32.1
Taylor, Frederick Winslow
Teacher Advancement Program
teacher evaluations, 2.1, 13.1, 15.1, 25.1
charter schools and, 16.1, 18.1
IMPACT, 15.1, 15.2
merit pay and
PAR and
test scores and, 1.1, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 4.2, 7.1, 11.1, 13.1, 14.1, 15.1, 15.2, 28.1, 28.2, 30.1, 30.2, 32.1
value-added assessment in, 11.1, 11.2, 15.1
Teacher Incentive Fund, 12.1, 12.2
teachers, itr.1, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 21.1, 30.1, 32.1, 33.1, 33.2
achievement gap and, 6.1, 6.2, 10.1, 10.2
in charter schools, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3, 16.4, 16.5, 16.6, 16.7, 16.8, 16.9, 26.1, 26.2, 26.3
class size and, 25.1, 31.1
demoralization of, 12.1, 20.1, 20.2
elementary, 1.1, 23.1, 23.2
elimination of job protections of, 1.1, 3.1, 12.1, 13.1, 13.2, 13.3
ethics of publishing ratings of
Finnish
firing of, 1.1, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 12.1, 13.1, 13.2, 13.3, 14.1, 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 15.4, 15.5, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3, 18.1, 20.1, 20.2, 24.1, 25.1, 25.2, 30.1, nts.1n
great, 8.1, 10.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 14.1, 15.1, 30.1
higher test scores and
in online schools, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3
parent trigger and
poverty effects and, 10.1, 10.2
professional autonomy of, 4.1, 12.1, 13.1, 14.1, 28.1, 28.2
salary of, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 13.1, 13.2, 14.1, 15.1, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3, 25.1, 25.2; see also merit pay
seniority and tenure of, 3.1, 3.2, 12.1, 13.1, 14.1, 15.1
standards for, itr.1, 1.1, 1.2, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 4.1, 14.1, 29.1, 29.2
in Teach for America, 14.1, 15.1, 16.1
technology’s replacing of, 3.1, 4.1, 26.1, 32.1
in turnaround schools
turnover rate (churn) of, 14.1, 14.2, 15.1, 15.2, 16.1, 20.1, 20.2, 25.1, 26.1, 31.1, 31.2
vouchers and
women as
teachers’ unions, 1.1, 11.1, 11.2, 13.1, 13.2, 32.1
charter schools and, 16.1, 16.2, 26.1, 26.2
online education and
opposition to, 1.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 4.1, 5.1, 12.1, 13.1, 14.1, 15.1, 16.1, 17.1, 26.1, 30.1, 32.1, 32.2
power and influence of, 3.1, 12.1, nts.1n
teacher training, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 11.1, 11.2, 13.1, 14.1, 20.1, 29.1, 29.2
in Teach for America, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 14.4
Teach for America (TFA), 3.1, 3.2, 14.1, 16.1, 32.1
alumni of, 14.1, 15.1, 16.1, 32.1
critics of
Rhee and, 15.1, 15.2
Team-Science
Tea Party group
technology, 1.1, 4.1, 7.1, 9.1, 9.2, 16.1, 17.1, 24.1, 25.1, 32.1
Common Core and, 2.1, 2.2
new, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 17.1, 17.2
teachers replaced by, 3.1, 4.1, 26.1, 32.1
see also computers
television, 1.1, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 11.1
“10 Elements of High Quality Digital Learning,” 17.1, 17.2
Tennessee, 3.1, 11.1, 14.1, 15.1, 16.1, 17.1, 32.1
testing and accountability movement
tests, testing, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 20.1, 24.1, 30.1, 31.1, 31.2, 33.1
careful use of
diagnostic use of, 7.1, 28.1
in early grades, 1.1, 2.1, 32.1
grading of
multiple-choice, 28.1, 28.2, 28.3, 32.1
national, 2.1, 2.2, 4.1, 10.1, 28.1, 30.1; see also National Assessment of Educational Progress
overreliance on and misuse of, 1.1, 2.1, 7.1, 32.1, 33.1
standardized, 1.1, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 4.2, 7.1, 7.2, 11.1, 11.2, 12.1, 12.2, 13.1, 15.1, 15.2, 20.1, 24.1, 24.2, 28.1, 29.1, 30.1, 31.1, 31.2, 32.1, 32.2, 33.1
state, 2.1, 2.2, 10.1, 11.1, 14.1, 15.1, 19.1, 24.1, 28.1, 28.2, 32.1, 33.1
teaching to, 3.1, 3.2, 11.1, 11.2, 12.1
test scores, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2, 6.1, 10.1, 15.1, 24.1, 24.2, 25.1, 26.1, 27.1, 28.1, 28.2, 30.1, 32.1, 32.2, 33.1, 33.2
at charter schools, 10.1, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3, 16.4, 16.5, 16.6, 16.7, 26.1, 26.2, 26.3
cheating scandals and, 2.1, 15.1
Common Core and, 2.1, 4.1
education quality and
facts about, 5.1, 7.1
international, see international test scores
merit pay and, 12.1, 15.1
NAEP, 4.1, 5.1, 5.1, 5.3, 5.4, 13.1, 15.1, app.4
at online schools, 17.1, 17.2
poverty and, 10.1, 10.2, 27.1, 31.1
Rhee’s belief in
school choice and, 3.1, 4.1
teacher evaluations and, see teacher evaluations, test scores and
teacher experience and
TFA and
vouchers and
in Washington, D.C.
Texas, 2.1, 11.1, 18.1, 31.1
charter schools in
merit pay in
“Texas miracle,” 2.1, 2.2
textbooks, 5.1, 7.1, 13.1, 15.1, 16.1, 19.1, 30.1
TFA, see Teach for America
think tanks
corporate reform and, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 33.1
international tests and
Thomas B. Fordham Institute
Timar, Thomas B.
Time, 4.1, 4.2, 14.1, 15.1, 22.1
TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study)
Toledo Blade
Tough, Paul, 27.1, 28.1
Trombetta, Nick
Tucker, Sophie
Turkey, 16.1, 22.1
Turkish Americans
turnaround model, 20.1, 33.1
tutoring, 2.1, 6.1, 17.1
Twain, Mark
unemployment, 4.1, 6.1, 9.1, 10.1, 14.1, 25.1
UNICEF
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
United Teachers Los Ang
eles
universities, 4.1, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 14.1
USA Today, 15.1
value-added assessment, 11.1, 11.2, 15.1, 33.1
Vance, Paul
Vanderbilt University
Veltri, Barbara Torre
vendors, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 7.1, 14.1, 16.1, 17.1, 32.1, 32.2
Vermont, 8.1, nts.1n
veterans, education of
Villaraigosa, Antonio, 18.1, 32.1
Virginia, online schools in
Virtual Public Schools Act
vocational education, 4.1, 9.1, 30.1
Vollmer, Jamie
vouchers, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 4.1, 4.2, 7.1, 10.1, 15.1, 15.2, 16.1, 19.1, 32.1, 33.1, nts.1n
charter schools compared with
failure of
in Indiana, 3.1, 19.1
in Louisiana, 14.1, 19.1, 32.1
as “opportunity scholarships,” 19.1, 19.2, 19.3
Wadhwa, Vivek
Waiting for “Superman” (film), 4.1, 5.1, 11.1, 11.2, 15.1, 15.2, 18.1
Walden Media
Waldorf School of the Peninsula
Walker, Scott, 3.1, 11.1, 19.1, 19.2
Wall Street, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 6.1, 14.1, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3, 17.1, 18.1
Wall Street Journal
Walton, Alice, 32.1, 32.2
Walton family, 16.1, 32.1
Walton Family Foundation, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 14.1, 16.1, 17.1, 18.1, 33.1, nts.1n
Washington, D.C., 3.1, 5.1, 8.1, 11.1, 13.1, 15.1, 17.1, 24.1, 30.1, 30.2, 33.1
charter schools in, 15.1, 15.2, 16.1, 16.2, 26.1
cheating scandals in, 2.1, 15.1
Race to the Top in, 2.1, 15.1
teacher firings in
TFA in, 14.1, 14.2
vouchers in, 3.1, 19.1, 19.2, nts.1n
Washington Post, 7.1, 15.1, 15.2, 17.1
Washington State, 24.1, 31.1, 32.1, nts.1n
Washington Teachers Union, 15.1, 15.2
Weikart, David
Weingarten, Randi
Weiss, Joanne
White, John
White Hat Management
whites, 4.1, 2.1, 19.1
achievement gap and, 6.1, 10.1, 11.1, 15.1, 15.2, 21.1, 23.1, 25.1, 28.1, 31.1
college education of, 9.1, 21.1
high school graduation rates and, 8.1, 8.2, nts.1n
NAEP and, 4.1, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 15.1, app.14, app.15, app.16
poverty of
segregation and, 31.1, 31.2, 31.3, 31.4
Whitmire, Richard, 15.1, 15.2
Wilder, Tamara, 27.1, 27.2
Winfrey, Oprah
Wireless Generation, 3.1, 17.1
Wisconsin, 3.1, 8.1, 11.1
vouchers in, 19.1, 19.2
Wise, Bob, 3.1, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3
Won’t Back Down (movie)
Woodard, Colin
workforce training, 24.1, 24.2
World War II, 8.1, 9.1, 9.2, 30.1
wraparound services
writing, 1.1, 1.2, 5.1, 11.1, 24.1, 29.1
Yong Zhao, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4
Zakaria, Fareed
Zimmer, Steve
ILLUSTRATION CREDITS
Graphs 1, 2, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27: National Center for Education Statistics, The Nation’s Report Card: Mathematics 2011 (Washington, D.C.: Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education, 2011).
Graphs 3, 4, 28, 29, 40, 41: B. D. Rampey, G. S. Dion, and P. L. Donahue, NAEP 2008 Trends in Academic Progress (Washington, D.C.: National Center for Education Statistics, Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education, 2009).
Graphs 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 30, 31: National Center for Education Statistics, The Nation’s Report Card: Reading 2011 (Washington, D.C.: Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education, 2011).
Graph 32: National Center for Education Statistics, The Condition of Education, 2012, indicator 32-2 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education, 2012).
Graphs 33, 34, 36, 37: Chris Chapman, Jennifer Laird, and Angelina KewalRamani, Trends in High School Dropout and Completion Rates in the United States: 1972–2009 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2011), p. 23.
Graph 35: National Center for Education Statistics, Public School Graduates and Dropouts from the Common Core of Data: School Year 2009–10, First Look (Provisional Data), U.S. Department of Education (NCES 2013-309), January 2013, pp. 17–18.
Graph 38: OECD, Education at a Glance 2012 (Paris: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2012), Table A1.2a, p. 13.
Graph 39: OECD, Education at a Glance 2011 (Paris: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2011), Chart A1.1, p. 30.
A Note About the Author
Diane Ravitch was born in Houston, Texas, and graduated from the Houston public schools, Wellesley College, and Columbia University. She is a research professor of education at New York University. She was appointed to the National Assessment Governing Board by President Bill Clinton in 1997 and 2001. Ravitch is the author of ten previous books. In 2011, she received the Daniel Patrick Moynihan Prize from the American Academy of Political and Social Science. Ravitch lives in Brooklyn, New York.
Other titles by Diane Ravitch available in eBook format
The Language Police • 978-0-307-42885-1
Visit: www.dianeravitch.com and www.dianeravitch.net
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Follow: @DianeRavitch
For more information, please visit www.aaknopf.com
ALSO BY DIANE RAVITCH
The Death and Life of the Great American School System
The Language Police
Left Back
National Standards in American Education
The Schools We Deserve
The Troubled Crusade
The Revisionists Revised
The Great School Wars