Fairy Tales
Page 1
Fairy Tales
Ганс Христиан Андерсен
Table of Contents
From the Pages of Fairy Tales
Title Page
Copyright Page
Hans Christian Andersen
The World of Hans Christian Andersen and His Fairy Tales
The Hans Christian Andersen We Never Knew
Translator’s Preface
THE ARTIST AND SOCIETY
THE NIGHTINGALE
THE GARDENER AND THE GENTRY
THE FLYING TRUNK
THE WILL-O’-THE-WISPS ARE IN TOWN
THE PIXIE AND THE GARDENER’S WIFE
THE PUPPETEER
“SOMETHING”
WHAT ONE CAN THINK UP
THE MOST INCREDIBLE THING
AUNTIE TOOTHACHEI.II.III.IV.
THE CRIPPLE
FOLK TALES
THE TINDERBOX
LITTLE CLAUS AND BIG CLAUS
THE PRINCESS ON THE PEA
THE TRAVELING COMPANION
THE WILD SWANS
THE SWINEHERD
MOTHER ELDERBERRY
THE HILL OF THE ELVES
CLOD-HANS AN OLD STORY RETOLD
WHAT FATHER DOES IS ALWAYS RIGHT
ORIGINAL FAIRY TALES
THE SHADOW
THE LITTLE MERMAID
THE EMPEROR’S NEW CLOTHES
THUMBELINA
THE NAUGHTY BOY
THE GALOSHES OF FORTUNE1. A BEGINNING2. WHAT HAPPENED TO THE COUNCILMAN3. THE WATCHMAN’S ADVENTURE4. A HEADY MOMENT. A RECITAL. A MOST UNUSUAL TRIP.5. THE CLERK’S TRANSFORMATION6. THE BEST THING THE GALOSHES BROUGHT
THE GARDEN OF EDEN
THE BRONZE PIG
THE ROSE ELF
THE PIXIE AT THE GROCER’S
IB AND LITTLE CHRISTINE
THE ICE MAIDEN1. LITTLE RUDY2. JOURNEY TO A NEW HOME3. RUDY’S UNCLE4. BABETTE5. ON THE WAY HOME6. A VISIT TO THE MILL7. THE EAGLE’S NEST8. THE HOUSECAT HAS NEWS9. THE ICE MAIDEN10. GODMOTHER11. THE COUSIN12. EVIL POWERS13. IN THE MILLER’S HOUSE14. VISIONS IN THE NIGHT15. THE END
EVANGELICAL AND RELIGIOUS TALES
THE SNOW QUEEN AN ADVENTURE IN SEVEN STORIESTHE FIRST STORY - WHICH IS ABOUT THE MIRROR AND THE FRAGMENTSSECOND STORY - A LITTLE BOY AND A LITTLE GIRLTHIRD STORY - THE FLOWER GARDEN OF THE WOMAN WHO KNEW MAGICFOURTH STORY - APRINCE AND PRINCESSFIFTH STORY - THE LITTLE ROBBER GIRLSIXTH STORY - THE SAMI WOMAN AND THE FINN WOMANSEVENTH STORY - WHAT HAPPENED IN THE SNOW QUEEN’S CASTLE AND WHAT HAPPENED LATER
THE RED SHOES
THE LITTLE MATCH GIRL
THE BOG KING’S DAUGHTER
THE GIRL WHO STEPPED ON BREAD
THE BELL
THE THORNY PATH TO GLORY
THE JEWISH MAID
THE STORY OLD JOHANNA TOLD
SHE WAS NO GOOD
THE ANTHROPOMORPHIZING OF ANIMALS AND NATURE
THE UGLY DUCKLING
IN THE DUCKYARD
THE STORKS
THE SPRUCE TREE
IT’S PERFECTLY TRUE!
THE DUNG BEETLE
THE BUTTERFLY
THE SNOWDROP
THE SUNSHINE’S STORIES
THE DROP OF WATER
THE FLEA AND THE PROFESSOR
THE SNOWMAN
THE HUMANIZATION OF TOYS AND OBJECTS
THE STEADFAST TIN SOLDIER
THE SHEPHERDESS AND THE CHIMNEY SWEEP
THE DARNING NEEDLE
THE OLD HOUSE
THE RAGS
LEGENDS
HOLGER THE DANE
BIRD PHOENIX
THE FAMILY OF HEN-GRETHE
EVERYTHING IN ITS PROPER PLACE
Commentaries on the Tales
Inspired by Andersen’s
Comments
For Further Reading
Alphabetical Index of the Tales
From the Pages of Fairy Tales
“You see, ladies and gentlemen, Your Royal Majesty! You can never know what to expect from the real nightingale, but everything is determined in the artificial bird. It will be so-and-so, and no different! You can explain it; you can open it up and show the human thought—how the cylinders are placed, how they work, and how one follows the other!”
(from “The Nightingale,” page 10)
It’s an old innate law and privilege that when the moon is in the precise position it was last night, and the wind blows as it blew yesterday, then all will-o‘-the-wisps born at that hour and minute can become human beings.
(from “The Will-o’-the-Wisps Are in Town,” page 37)
“This is certainly an interesting tinderbox if it will give me what I want like this!”
(from “The Tinderbox,” page 90)
“I almost didn’t close my eyes the whole night! God knows what could have been in the bed? I was lying on something hard, so I am completely black and blue all over my body. It’s quite dreadful!”
(from “The Princess on the Pea,” page 107)
Way out at sea the water is as blue as the petals on the loveliest corn-flower, and as clear as the purest glass, but it’s very deep, deeper than any anchor rope can reach. Many church steeples would have to be placed end to end to reach from the bottom up to the surface and beyond. Down there the sea people live.
(from “The Little Mermaid,” page 188)
The emperor came to them with his most distinguished cavaliers. Both swindlers lifted one arm in the air as if they were holding something and said, “See, here are the pants. Here’s the jacket, and here’s the cape!” They continued on and on. “They are as light as cobwebs. You might think you weren’t wearing anything, but that’s the beauty of this fabric.”
(from “The Emperor’s New Clothes,” page 215)
In the middle of a garden there was a rose tree that was completely full of roses, and in one of these, the most beautiful of them all, lived an elf. He was so tiny that no human eye could see him. He had a bedroom behind every rose petal. He was as well formed and lovely as any child could be and had wings from his shoulders all the way down to his feet. What a lovely fragrance there was in his rooms, and how clear and lovely the walls were! Of course they were the fine, pink rose petals.
(from “The Rose Elf,” page 289)
Dance she did and dance she must, dance in the dark night. The shoes carried her away over thorns and stubble that scratched her until she bled. She danced over the heath until she came to a lonely little cottage. She knew that the executioner lived there....
(from “The Red Shoes,” page 395)
The poor duckling who had been last out of the egg and who looked so dreadful was bitten, pushed, and made fun of, both by the ducks and the chickens. “He’s too big,” they all said, and the turkey rooster, who was born with spurs and thought he was an emperor, blew himself up like a clipper ship under full sail, went right up to him, gobbled at him, and turned red in the face. The poor duckling didn’t know whether he was coming or going, and was very sad because he was so ugly. Indeed, he was the laughing stock of the entire hen yard.
(from “The Ugly Duckling,” pages 485-486)
Once upon a time there was a darning needle that was so refined and stuck-up that she was under the illusion that she was a sewing needle.
(from “The Darning Needle,” page 555)
Everything was once again where it was before except for the two old portraits of the peddler and the goose girl. They had been blown up to the wall in the great hall, and when someone who was an art expert said that they were painted by a master, they were repaired and remained hanging there. No one knew before that they were any good, and how would you know that? Now they hung in a place of honor. “Everything in its proper place” and eventually that’s where everyth
ing ends up. Eternity is long—longer than this story.
(from “Everything in Its Proper Place,” page 597)
Published by Barnes & Noble Books
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Hans Christian Andersen published his first collection of fairy tales in 1835,
and continued to issue subsequent volumes until 1872, three years before
his death. Marte Hvam Hult’s new translation is based on the first
five volumes of H. C. Andersens Eventyr ( 1963-1967) .
Published in 2007 by Barnes & Noble Classics with new Introduction,
Notes, Biography, Chronology, Inspired By, Comments & Questions,
and For Further Reading.
Introduction, Commentaries on the Tales, and For Further Reading
Copyright © 2007 by Jack Zipes.
Note on Hans Christian Andersen, The World of Hans Christian Andersen
and his Fairy Tales, Textual Annotations, Inspired by Andersen’s Fairy Tales,
Comments & Questions, and Marte Hvam Hult’s Original
Translation of Andersen’s Fairy Tales
Copyright © 2007 by Barnes & Noble, Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or
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Fairy Tales
ISBN-13: 978-1-59308-260-4 ISBN-10: 1-59308-260-6
eISBN : 978-1-411-43216-1
LC Control Number 2006925199
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Hans Christian Andersen
The future author of the classic stories “The Ugly Duckling,” “The Little Mermaid,” and “The Red Shoes,” Hans Christian Andersen was born on April 2, 1805, into humble circumstances in the Danish city of Odense. His father, Hans Andersen, was an impoverished cobbler who had taught himself to read and write; his mother, illiterate and superstitious, worked as a washerwoman and died an alcoholic. From an early age, Hans shared his father’s love of the theater. When Hans was a boy, he and his father built a puppet theater, where Hans would enact dramas of his own invention. Desperate for money, in 1812 Hans Andersen Sr. was paid to take another man’s place in the army of Denmark, allied with the French in the Napoleonic Wars. When he returned home, he was sick and suffering from an illness that would prove fatal in 1816. Before his mother remarried, young Hans worked in a factory, but the family’s economic woes continued.
In 1819 Hans—fourteen years old and with little education, but endowed with a remarkable singing voice and a gift for performance—left Odense to seek his fortune in Copenhagen as a singer, dancer, or actor. Through his talents and ambition, as well as a certain audacity, he attracted wealthy patrons who arranged singing lessons and a small stipend for him. In 1820 he joined the choir of the Royal Theater, one of whose directors, Jonas Collin, had Hans sent to a private school in Slagelse, 50 miles from Copenhagen. When he returned to the city in 1827, he maintained his relationship with Collin, became a frequent dinner guest at the homes of the city’s elite, and blossomed as a writer. His first poem, “The Dying Child,” appeared in 1827, and two years later he published a travel sketch in the style of German Romantic writer E. T. A. Hoffmann, who had a great influence on him.
In 1833 and 1834 Andersen visited France, Switzerland, and Italy, where he set his first successful novel, The Improvisatore (1835). He began writing fairy tales in the folk tradition and published them as Fairy Tales Told for Children ( 1835) , a volume that included “The Princess on the Pea” and “Little Claus and Big Claus.” The same year he produced a second installment of stories including “Thumbelina.” Thereafter, for the rest of his life he published a new volume of tales every year or two. Among the best known are “The Emperor’s New Clothes,” “The Steadfast Tin Soldier,” “The Nightingale,” and “The Little Match Girl.” He also published several travelogues, dozens of plays, six novels, and three autobiographies.
For inspiration, Andersen drew on the people he knew as well as on traditional folk tales. His unique style—his inventive, entertaining stories appeal to children and adults alike—at—tracted many admirers, including the Danish king, who, when Andersen was a young man, granted him a royal annuity. Andersen was an international celebrity, and the royalties from his books made him wealthy. An avid traveler, he made frequent sojourns throughout Europe, most frequently to the cultured city of Weimar, Germany. Hans Christian Andersen died on August 4, 1875, in Copenhagen.
The World of Hans Christian Andersen and His Fairy Tales
1805 Hans Christian Andersen is born on April 2, in the Danish city of Odense. His father, Hans Andersen, is a cobbler ; his mother, Anne Marie Andersdatter, works as a washerwoman. 1812 Hans Andersen Sr. leaves his family to serve in the Danish army at a time when Denmark is an ally of Napoleon. Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm publish the first volume of Children ’s and Household Tales. 1813 Danish philosopher and theologian Søren Kierkegaard is born. 1814 Hans Andersen Sr. returns to Odense, suffering from an illness contracted while he was in the army. Denmark cedes control of Norway to Sweden. 1815 The Grimm brothers publish the second volume of Children’s and Household Tales. 1816 Hans Andersen Sr. dies. Young Hans takes a factory job to help support the household. 1818 Anne Marie remarries, but the family’s financial situation does not improve. Endowed with an exceptional singing voice, Hans earns money singing in the salons of the town’s educated middle class. 1819 Young Hans leaves Odense and travels to Denmark’s capital, Copenhagen, where he pursues a career as a singer, dancer, and actor. He solicits leading figures in the city’s arts establishment before winning the patronage of composer C. E. F. Weyse, among others; he is provided with singing lessons and a small stipend. 1820 His stipend depleted, a desperate Andersen joins Copenhagen’s Royal Theater choir and lands several minor roles with the company. 1822 A play written by Andersen is rejected by the theater. With the help of one of the theater’s directors, Jonas Collin, Andersen obtains a scholarship that allows him to attend a private school in Slagelse, 50 miles from Copenhagen. The Grimms publish a third volume of Children’s and Household Tales. German Romantic author E. T. A. Hoffmann dies.1827 Returning to Copenhagen and still under the patronage of Jonas Collin, Andersen begins dining with the cultured families of the cosmopolitan city and develops a lifelong friendship with his patron’s son, Edvard Collin. He publishes his first work, a poem called “The Dying Child.” 1829 Andersen passes entrance exams for the University of Copenhagen but does not enroll. He publishes his first book, A Walking Tour from the Holmen Canal to the Eastern Point of Amager. His first play, Love at St. Nicholas Tower, is performed at the Royal Theater.1831 He makes his first major trip to Germany and meets many important authors and writers, including Ludwig Tieck, a German writer of fairy tales. 1832 Andersen writes The Book of My Life, the first of three autobiographies he will produce; it will not be published until 1926. The second part of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe’s Faust is published posthumously.1833 Andersen’s mother, overcome by alcoholism, dies. During this year and the next, Andersen travels to Germany, Paris, Switzerland, and Italy. Slavery is abolished in the British Empire. 1835 The Improvisatore, an autobiographical novel set in Italy, is so successful that it is immediately published in German . Andersen’s first booklet of fairy tales, Fairy Tales Told for Children, is published in May; the volume includes “The
Tinderbox,” “Little Claus and Big Claus,” and “The Princess on the Pea.” In December he publishes a second booklet of Fairy Tales that includes “Thumbelina” and “The Naughty Boy.” American novelist1836 Andersen’s second autobiographical novel, O. T.: Life in Denmark, is published. Charles Dickens’s The Pickwick Papers begins to be published in monthly installments.1837 A third booklet of Andersen’s Fairy Tales is published, this one containing “The Little Mermaid” and “The Emperor’s New Clothes.” A third autobiographical novel, Only a Fiddler, is published.1838 The King of Denmark awards Andersen an annual grant that allows him to concentrate on writing. He publishes the first booklet of a new collection of Fairy Tales Told for Children that includes “The Steadfast Tin Soldier” and “The Wild Swans.” Dickens’s Oliver Twist is a best-seller in England. Naturalist and artist John James Audubon completes publication of the four volumes of The Birds of America. 1839 The second booklet of the new Fairy Tales collection, including “The Flying Trunk” and “The Storks,” is published . 1840 Andersen’s plays The Mulatto, which dramatizes the evils of slavery, and The Moorish Maiden debut at the Royal Theater. During this year and the next, he travels to Italy, Greece, and Turkey.1842 Andersen publishes the third booklet of the new collection of Fairy Tales; it includes “The Rose Elf” and “The Swineherd.” He publishes the travel book A Poet’s Bazaar.1843 Dickens publishes A Christmas Carol. German poet Friedrich Hölderlin dies. English critic John Ruskin publishes the first volume of his critical work Modern Painters. The Tivoli Gardens open in Copenhagen.1844 New Fairy Tales, a collection of tales containing “The Ugly Duckling” and “The Nightingale,” is published. Andersen makes his first visit to Weimar, Germany, a cultured city to which he will return repeatedly in the years that follow.1845 He publishes a second collection of New Fairy Tales, which includes “The Snow Queen” and “The Spruce Tree,” and a third collection, which includes “The Red Shoes” and “The Shepherdess and the Chimney Sweep.”1847 He produces a third volume of New Fairy Tales; it includes “The Shadow.” Andersen’s second autobiography , The True Story of My Life, is published in German and is shortly translated into English. Andersen visits England and meets Dickens.1848 He publishes a fourth volume of New Fairy Tales, which includes “The Little Match Girl,” and a patriotic novel, The Two Baronesses. Frederick VII becomes the Danish king. Denmark goes to war with Germany and Prussia over control of the region Schleswig-Holstein. German political theorist and revolutionary Karl Marx produces his Communist Manifesto. 1851 In Sweden, a travel narrative of Andersen’s visit to that country, is published. German-French poet Heinrich Heine publishes Romanzero. American writer Herman Melville publishes Moby-Dick. 1852 Andersen publishes Stories, which includes “It’s Perfectly True!” Dickens begins monthly serialization of Bleak House. German playwright Christian Friedrich Hebbel’s Agnes Bernauer debuts.1853 Andersen publishes a second collection of Stories that includes “Everything in Its Proper Place.”1855 The Fairy Tale of My Life, Andersen’s third and final autobiography , is published. Kierkegaard dies. American poet Walt Whitman publishes Leaves of Grass. 1857 Andersen publishes the novel To Be or Not to Be. 1858 Andersen publishes the first two volumes of the series New Fairy Tales and Stories; included are ” ‘Something’” and “The Bog King’s Daughter.”1859 A third volume of New Fairy Tales and Stories, including “The Girl Who Stepped on Bread,” is published.1860 English playwright J. M. Barrie, author of Peter Pan, is born.1861 Andersen publishes the first volume in a second series of New Fairy Tales and Stories; included are “The Snow-man” and “What Father Does Is Always Right.”1862 He publishes a second volume in the second series of New Fairy Tales and Stories; included are “The Ice Maiden” and “The Butterfly.”1863 Andersen publishes the travel book In Spain. 1864 Denmark goes to war with Prussia and Austria over Schleswig-Holstein, which Denmark is forced to relinquish . French scientist Louis Pasteur demonstrates that treatment with heat protects certain foods from damaging microorganisms. 1865 Andersen publishes a third volume in the second series of New Fairy Tales and Stories, including “The Will-o’-the Wisps Are in Town.” Russian writer Leo Tolstoy begins publishing War and Peace. English author Lewis Carroll publishes Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. English author Rudyard Kipling is born.1866 Andersen publishes a fourth volume in the second series of New Fairy Tales and Stories, including “The Snowdrop.”1870 Lucky Peter, Andersen’s last novel, appears. 1872 Andersen publishes two volumes in the third series of New Fairy Tales and Stories, including “The Gardener and the Gentry,” “Auntie Toothache,” and “The Story Old Johanna Told”; he begins to experience the first symptoms of liver cancer.1875 Hans Christian Andersen dies on August 4 in Copenhagen. His funeral is attended by hundreds of admirers, including the Danish king.