by Bill Bryson
4 Ibid., p. 124.
5 Zinn, A People’s History of the United States, p. 317.
6 Boorstin, The Americans: The Democratic Experience, p. 249.
7 P. Smith, A People’s History of the United States, vol. 6, p. 344.
8 Grosvenor (ed.), Those Inventive Americans, p. 146.
9 New Yorker, 9 April 1990, p. 30.
10 American Heritage, April 1992, p. 58.
11 Ibid., p. 62.
12 P. Smith, op. cit., vol. 6, p. 366.
13 New York Times, 26 August 1990, p. 6E.
14 Zinn, op. cit., p. 341; and Brogan, The Penguin History of the United States of America, p. 413.
15 Jones, op. cit., pp. 140–1.
16 Dillard, American Talk, p. 30.
17 Mencken, The American Language, 4th edn., p. 90.
18 Dillard, op. cit., p. 82.
19 Marckwardt, American English, p. 57; and Boorstin, The Americans: The National Experience, p. 287.
20 Carver, A History of English in Its Own Words, p. 242.
21 Fischer, Albion’s Seed, p. 431.
22 Jones, op. cit., pp. 270–1.
23 American Heritage, April 1992, p. 62.
24 Ibid., p. 62.
25 Mencken, op. cit., p. 251.
26 Time, 13 June 1927, p. 12.
27 Mencken, op. cit., p. 254.
28 American Heritage, April 1992, p. 70.
29 Jones, op. cit., p. 298.
30 Mencken, op. cit., p. 253.
31 Beam, Abridged Pennsylvania German Dictionary, p. iv.
32 Ibid., pp. viii–ix.
33 Beam, Pennsylvania German Dictionary, p. v.
34 Marckwardt, op. cit., p. 59.
35 P. Smith, op. cit., vol. 4, p. 741.
36 Jones, op. cit., pp. 264–5.
37 Quoted in New York Times, 14 October 1990, p. 4E.
38 Boorstin, Hidden History, pp. 214–15.
39 Jones, op. cit., p. 39.
40 Zinn, op. cit., p. 293.
41 Tannahill, Sex in History, p. 400.
42 Jones, op. cit., p. 133.
43 Ibid., p. 312.
44 Johnson, Modern Times, p. 204.
45 Quoted in Wills, Inventing America, p. xx.
46 Time, 13 June 1927, p. 12.
47 National Geographic, September 1991, pp. 66–7.
48 Jones, op. cit., pp. 32–5.
49 Fischer, op. cit., p. 305.
50 McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom, p. 18.
51 Zinn, op. cit., pp. 174–5.
52 Ibid., p. 203.
53 P. Smith, op. cit., vol 4, p. 586.
54 Zinn, op. cit., pp. 183–4.
55 Quoted in McDavid, Varieties of American Englsh, p. 78.
56 Krapp, The English Language in America, vol. 1, pp. 161–2.
57 Dohan, Our Own Words, p. 241.
58 Marckwardt, op. cit., p. 66.
59 Ibid., p. 65.
60 Dillard, op. cit., p. 22.
61 Mencken, op. cit., p. 743.
10: When the Going was Good: Travel in America
1 Boorstin, Hidden History, p. 60.
2 Hibbert, Redcoats and Rebels, p. 335.
3 Root and de Rochement, Eating in America, p. 42.
4 Morison, The Oxford History of the American People, p. 141.
5 Carver, A History of English in Its Own Words, pp. 147–8.
6 Cooke, Alistair Cooke’s America, p. 77.
7 Boorstin, The Americans: The National Experience, p. 394.
8 Boyd (ed.), The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, vol. 1, p. 408.
9 Wills, Inventing America, p. 43.
10 Rae, The Road and the Car in American Life, p. 15.
11 American Heritage, April 1967, p. 106
12 American Heritage, December 1983, p. 91.
13 Davidson, Life in America, vol. 1, p. 199.
14 Flexner, Listening to America, p. 144.
15 Johnson, The Birth of the Modern, p. 171.
16 American Heritage, February 1977, p. 16.
17 McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom, p. 12.
18 Patton, Open Road, p. 37.
19 Ciardi, Good Words to You, pp. 233–4.
20 Barnhart (ed.), The Barnhart Dictionary of Etymology, p. 1086.
21 K. Jackson, Crabgrass Frontier, pp. 106–7
22 Ibid., p. 105.
23 The Economist, 16 October 1991.
24 Nye, Electrifying America, p. 93.
25 K. Jackson, op. cit., p. 158.
26 Carver, op. cit., p. 243.
27 P. Smith, A People’s History of the United States, vol. 7, p. 865.
28 Ibid., p. 866.
29 Flexner, I Hear America Talking, p. 330
30 Dohan, Our Own Words, p. 266.
31 Flexner, I Hear America Talking, p. 333.
32 Hokanson, The Lincoln Highway, pp. 6–10; and American Heritage, June 1974, pp. 32–7 and 89.
33 Strasser, Satisfaction Guaranteed, p. 6.
34 P. Smith, op. cit., vol. 7, p. 868.
35 American Heritage, August 1973, p. 11
36 Ibid., December 1975, p. 66.
37 Liebs, Main Street to Miracle Mile, p. 208.
38 Finch, Highways to Heaven, p. 162.
39 Liebs, op. cit., p. 177.
40 Barnhart, op. cit., p. 680.
41 Patton, op. cit., p. 199.
42 Rowsome, The Verse by the Side of the Road, p. 18.
43 K. Jackson; op. cit., p. 249
44 The Economist, 10 August 1991, p. 28.
45 Patton, op. cit., p. 85.
11: What’s Cooking?: Eating in America
1 Caffrey, The Mayflower, p. 166.
2 Root and de Rochement, Eating in America, p. 54.
3 Ibid., p. 19.
4 Ciardi, A Browser’s Dictionary, p. 212.
5 Mee, The Genius of the People, p. 91.
6 Root and de Rochement, op. cit., pp. 94–5.
7 Ibid., p. 162.
8 Boorstin, The Americans: The Democratic Experience, p. 314.
9 Carver, A History of English in Its Own Words, p. 146.
10 Funk, Word Origins and Their Romantic Stories, p. 170.
11 American Heritage, December 1989, pp. 123–31.
12 Ibid.
13 Mencken, The American Language, 4th edn., p. 264.
14 Ibid., p. 225.
15 Liebs, Main Street to Miracle Mile, p. 196.
16 Levenstein, Revolution at the Table, p. 189.
17 Ibid., p. 92.
18 Bursk, Clark and Hidy, The World of Business, vol. 1, pp. 426–7.
19 Levenstein, op. cit., pp. 198–9.
20 Funk, op. cit., p. 186.
21 Barnhart, Steinmetz and Barnhart, Third Barnhart Dictionary of New English, p. 497.
22 Allen, Only Yesterday, p. 68.
23 Holt, Phrase and Word Origins, p. 59.
24 Boorstin, The Americans: The National Experience, p. 287.
25 Dillard, American Talk, p. 85.
26 Ibid., p. 84.
27 Ibid., p. 88.
28 Allen, op. cit., p. 205.
29 Root and de Rochement, op. cit., p. 389.
30 Allen, op. cit., p. 209.
31 Bursk, Clark and Hidy, op. cit., pp. 345–7.
32 Dohan, Our Own Words, p. 270.
12: Democratizing Luxury: Shopping in America
1 Craigie and Hulbert, A Dictionary of American English on Historical Principles, vol. 1, p. 748.
2 Frieden and Sagalyn, Downtown, Inc., p. 8.
3 Goldberger, The Skyscraper, p. 42.
4 Strasser, Satisfaction Guaranteed, p. 213.
5 Boorstin, The Americans: The Democratic Experience, p. 126.
6 Ibid., p. 110.
7 Flexner, Listening to America, p. 494; and Liebs, Main Street to Miracle Mile, pp. 119–26.
8 Liebs, op. cit., p. 125.
9 Atlantic Monthly, June 1992, p. 31.
10 Schrank, Snap, Crackle, and Popular Taste, p. 111.
11 Strasser, Never
Done, p. 276.
12 Kowinski, The Mailing of America, pp. 104–5.
13 Business Week, 17 November 1957, p. 137.
14 Gruen and Smit, Shopping Town USA, p. 20.
15 Atlantic Monthly, May 1993, p. 132.
16 Kowinski, op. cit., p. 112.
17 Frieden and Sagalyn, op. cit., p. 13.
18 Jackson, Crabgrass Frontier, p. 261.
19 American Demographics, April 1990, p. 38.
20 Schor, The Overworked American, p. 107.
21 Atlantic Monthly, May 1993, p. 102.
22 The Economist, 29 August 1992, p. 37.
13: Domestic Matters
1 Blow (ed.), Abroad in America, p. 149.
2 Ibid., p. 139.
3 Ibid., p. 215
4 Garrett, At Home, p. 155.
5 Deetz, In Small Things Forgotten, p. 123
6 Elias, The History of Manners, vol. 1, p. 127.
7 American Heritage, December 1989, p. 106.
8 Flexner, I Hear America Talking, p. 19.
9 Boorstin, The Americans: The National Experience, p. 135.
10 American Heritage, August/September 1978, p. 41.
11 Boorstin, op. cit., p. 141.
12 American Heritage, December 1989, p. 111.
13 Blow, op. cit., p. 159.
14 Rybczynski, Home, p. 139.
15 Ibid., p. 142.
16 Ibid., pp. 148–9.
17 Nye, Electrifying America, p. 242.
18 Strasser, Never Done, p. 76.
19 Nye, op. cit., p. 52.
20 American Heritage, November 1979, p. 78.
21 P. Smith, A People’s History of the United States, vol. 7, p. 856.
22 Johnson, Modern Times, p. 224.
23 American Heritage, September/October 1990, p. 58.
24 R. Barnhart (ed.), The Barnhart Dictionary of Etymology, p. 902.
25 Boorstin, The Americans: The Democratic Experience, p. 330.
26 New York Times, 1–3 July 1921.
27 Allen, Only Yesterday, p. 137.
28 The Economist, 28 August 1993, p. 57.
29 Sterling and Kittross, Stay Tuned, pp. 61–3.
30 Ibid., p. 60.
31 Schiller, Mass Communications and American Empire, p. 25.
32 Udelson, The Great Television Race, p. 12.
33 New York Times, 8 April 1927.
34 Quoted in Schrank, Snap, Crackle, and Popular Taste, p. 17.
35 Castleman and Podrazik, Watching TV, p. 16.
36 Ibid., p. 45.
37 Safire, Coming to Terms, p. 47.
38 Castleman and Podrazik, op. cit., p. v.
39 American Heritage, August/September 1984, p. 25.
40 Flatow, They All Laughed, p. 61.
41 Strasser, Never Done, p. 289.
42 Schor, The Overworked American, p. 8.
43 Rybczynski, Waiting for the Weekend, pp. 142–3.
44 Schor, op. cit., p. 22.
45 Utica (NY) Observer, 4 March 1991.
46 Schor, op. cit., p. 29.
47 Ibid., p. 2.
48 Ibid.
14: The Hard Sell: Advertising in America
1 Collins, The Story of Kodak, p. 49.
2 Boorstin, The Americans: The Democratic Experience, p. 374.
3 Collins, op. cit., pp. 54–5.
4 Ibid., p. 72.
5 Strasser, Satisfaction Guaranteed, pp. 46–7.
6 Flexner, Listening to America, p. 17.
7 Ibid., p. 22.
8 Strasser, op. cit., p. 97.
9 Time, 13 June 1927, p. 12.
10 American Heritage, October 1977, p. 67.
11 Mencken, The American Language, 4th edn., p. 218.
12 American Heritage, October 1977, pp. 64–9.
13 Ibid., September/October 1990, p. 56.
14 The Economist, 7 September 1991, p. 89.
15 Ibid., 14 August 1993, p. 7.
16 New York Times magazine, 7 July 1957, p. 14.
17 Diamond, Trademark Problems and How to Avoid Them, pp.188–95.
18 Sterling and Kittross, Stay Tuned, p. 71.
19 Catleman and Podrazik, Watching TV, p. 70.
20 New York Times magazine, 30 September; 1990, p. 76.
21 Schrank, Snap, Crackle, and Popular Taste, p. 101.
22 Lutz, Doublespeak, p. 82.
23 Ibid., pp. 16–17.
24 Hendon, Classic Failures in Product Marketing, p. 169.
25 Ibid., p. 168.
15: The Movies
1 Flexner, Listening to America, pp. 374–5.
2 Cook, A History of Narrative Film, p. 7.
3 Jowett, Film, p. 27.
4 Cook, op. cit., pp. 10–11.
5 Flexner, op. cit., p. 378.
6 Cook, op. cit., p. 12.
7 Ibid., p. 24.
8 Rybczynski, Waiting for the Weekend, p. 137.
9 Mencken, The American Language, 4th edn., p. 738.
10 Flexner, op. cit., pp. 382–3.
11 P. Smith, A People’s History of the United States, vol. 7, p. 880.
12 American Heritage, December 1983, p. 24; and New Republic, 29 July 1991, p. 7.
13 Berg, Goldwyn, pp. 140, 214–19, 238, 248–55, 380.
14 New York Times, 28 March 1993, p. H15.
15 The Economist, 2 October 1993, p. 108.
16 Berg, op. cit., p. 262.
17 Jowett, op. cit., p. 357.
18 Ibid.
16: The Pursuit of Pleasure: Sport and Play
1 Krout, Annals of American Sport, p. 11.
2 Fischer, Albion’s Seed, pp. 146–7.
3 Ibid., p. 6.
4 Ibid., p. 8.
5 Ibid., p. 16.
6 Flexner, Listening to America, pp. 504–6.
7 American Heritage, December 1967, p. 107.
8 Boorstin, The Americans: The Democratic Experience, p. 158.
9 Morison, The Oxford History of the American People, p. 88.
10 American Heritage Dictionary, 2nd edn., p. xxiii.
11 Fischer, op. cit., p. 737.
12 Dillard, American Talk, p. 65.
13 Adams, Western Words, p. 109.
14 Dillard, op. cit., pp. 65–71.
15 Holt, Phrase and Word Origins, p. 200.
16 Dillard, op. cit., p. 74.
17 Boorstin, op. cit., p. 73.
18 American Heritage, June 1972, p. 67.
19 Rae, The Road and the Car in American Life, p. 29.
20 Atwan, McQuade and Wright, Edsels, Luckies and Frigidaires, pp. 151–2.
21 Liebs, Main Street to Miracle Mile, pp. 138–142.
22 Allen, Only Yesterday, p. 68; and American Heritage, June 1972, p.68.
23 American Heritage, February/March 1983, pp. 24–7.
24 Dulles, America Learns to Play, p. 185.
25 Flexner, op. cit., p. 33.
26 Fischer, op. cit., p. 151.
27 American Heritage, June/July 1983, pp. 65–7.
28 Will, Men at Work, p. 102.
29 Voigt, American Baseball, p. 30.
30 Ibid, p. 135.
31 American Heritage, June/July 1983, p. 74.
32 Mencken, The American Language, suppl. 2., p. 737.
33 Krout, op. cit., p. 142.
34 Mencken, op. cit., p. 735; and Flexner, op. cit., p. 39.
35 Time, 23 September 1940.
36 P. Smith, A People’s History of the United States, vol. 6, p. 848.
37 Safire, On Language, p. 289.
38 Flexner, op. cit., pp. 48–9.
39 Ibid., pp. 261–80.
40 Jackson, Crabgrass Frontier, p. 99.
41 Holt, op. cit, p. 154.
42 Washington Post, 21 January 1991, p. D5.
43 New York Times, 16 February 1992, p. 1.
17: Of Bombs and Bunkum: Politics and War
1 Holt, Phrase and Word Origins, pp. 42 and 129.
2 Mencken, The American Language, suppl. 1, pp. 280–3.
3 Mencken, The American Language, 4
th edn., p. 179.
4 Brogan, The Penguin History of the United States of America, p. 274.
5 Carver, A History of English in Its Own Words, p. 165.
6 McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom, pp.111–15.
7 American Heritage, December 1975, p. 13.
8 Boorstin, Hidden History, p. 263.
9 Mee, The Genius of the People, p. 285.
10 P. Smith, A People’s History of the United States, vol. 3, p. 145.
11 Ibid., vol. 4, p. 126.
12 Brogan, op. cit., p. 312.
13 Flexner, I Hear America Talking, p. 161.
14 Allen, Only Yesterday, p. 104.
15 Johnson, Modern Times, p. 214.
16 American Heritage, December 1991.
17 Mencken, The American Language, suppl. 2, p. 590.
18 P. Smith, op. cit., vol. 3, pp. 608–9.
19 Flexner, op. cit., p. 405.
20 McPherson, op. cit., pp. 323–5.
21 Flexner, op. cit., p. 450.
22 American Heritage, February 1964, pp. 23–96.
23 Ciardi, A Browser’s Dictionary, p. 227.
24 Barfield, History in English Words, p. 76.
25 Holt, op. cit., p. 16.
26 Carver, op. cit., p. 252.
27 Flexner, Listening to America, p. 330.
28 Mencken, The American Language, 4th edn., p. 759.
29 Ibid., p. 508.
30 Lingeman, Don’t You Know There’s a War On?, pp. 219–21.
31 The Economist, 27 February 1993, p. 108.
32 New York Times, 2 February 1992, p. 17.
33 American Speech, Spring 1992, pp. 86–9.
18: Sex and Other Distractions
1 Life, 8 October 1951, pp. 61–2.
2 American Heritage, December 1983, p. 86.
3 Fischer, Albion’s Seed, p. 92.
4 Flexner, Listening to America, p. 449.
5 Fischer, op. cit., p. 87.
6 P. Smith, A People’s History of the United States, vol. 1, p. 69.
7 Hibbert, Redcoats and Rebels, p. 7.
8 Fischer, op. cit., p. 681.
9 Flexner, op. cit., p. 492.
10 Ciardi, Good Words to You, p. 42.
11 Cmiel, Democratic Eloquence, p. 117.
12 Garrett, At Home, p. 136.
13 P. Smith, op. cit., vol. 6, p. 264.
14 Tannahill, Sex in History, p. 336.
15 Ibid., p. 336.
16 American Heritage, October 1974, p. 74.
17 Observer, 14 November 1993, Books section, p. 20.
18 American Heritage, October 1974, p. 73.
19 Ibid., p. 94.
20 Zinn, A People’s History of the United States, pp. 109–16.
21 Ibid., pp. 116–17.
22 American Heritage, October 1974, p. 43.
23 Cmiel, op. cit., p. 81.
24 Ibid., p. 162.
25 P. Smith, op. cit., vol. 6, p. 264.
26 Ibid., p. 271.
27 Ibid., p. 273.
