Churchill's Empire: The World That Made Him and the World He Made
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Jameson Raid (1895)
Japan: attacks on Australia; British strategy; Cairo Declaration; Canadian troops; conciliation of; Far East invasions; fears of; Pearl Harbor (1941); surrender (1945); territories liberated from; threat to India; US policy
Jews: Montagu’s background; ‘national home’; Smuts’s view; terrorism; WSC’s view; see also Israel, Palestine, Zionism
Jingoism
Jinnah, M. A.: criticisms of WSC’s speech; death; Gandhi relations; Nehru government; partition proposal; Simla conference; view of Cripps; WWII
Johnson, Louis
Joubert, Piet
Kennedy, John F.
Kennedy, Joseph
Kenya: Asians; Crown Colony; Empire acquisition; forced labour system; highlands; independence; land tenure; Mau Mau revolt; white settlers; WSC in
Kenyatta, Jomo
Keynes, John Maynard
Kikuyu people
Killearn, Miles Lampson, first Baron
King, Admiral Ernest
King, W. L. Mackenzie, see Mackenzie King
Kipling, Rudyard
Kisii revolt
Kitchener, Herbert Kitchener, first Earl: desecration of Mahdi’s tomb; Omdurman battle; relationship with WSC; Sudan campaign; treatment of defeated Dervishes; WSC’s account
Konar, David
Korean War
La Follette, Bob Jr
Labour Party: decolonization agenda; election (1929); election victory (1945); emergence; manifesto (1945); opposition to National Government; policies; wartime coalition
Ladysmith, siege
Law, Andrew Bonar
Lawrence, T. E.
League of Nations: Amery’s view; mandates; WSC’s views
Leakey, Louis
Lebanon
Lecky, W. E. H.
Leeds Mercury
Legislative Council
Leicester constituency
Lemass, Seán
Lend-Lease
Lenin, V. I.
Lennox-Boyd, Alan
Liberal Party: Boer War policy; colonial policy; cotton duty; Home Rule policy; manifesto (1945); South Africa policy; views on Sudan campaign; WSC’s career; WWI
Liberator
Linlithgow, Victor Hope, second Marquess of: successor; Viceroy of India; WWII
Lippmann, Walter
Little Englandism: government stance; term; WSC’s position; WSC’s use of term
Liverpool Daily Courier
Lloyd, George Lloyd, first Baron
Lloyd George, David: background; budget (1909); Chanak crisis (1922); Chancellor of Exchequer; collapse of coalition government (1922); election (1918); foreign policy; imperial preference policy; Irish policy; Mackenzie King on; Menzies visit; old age; Prime Minister; relationship with WSC; sale of honours; South Africa policy; view of Zionism; War Cabinet; on WSC; WSC’s letters
Lockhart, Sir William
London: African deputation; Commonwealth conference (1948); conference of Dominion Prime Ministers (1944); Gandhi in; Menzies in; Smuts in
Lugard, Dame Flora Shaw, Lady
Lugard, Sir Frederick
Lyttelton, Oliver
Macaulay, Thomas Babington
MacDonald, Malcolm
MacDonald, Ramsay
Mackenzie King, W. L.: Atlantic Charter; centralized imperialism concerns; Chanak crisis (1922); election victory (1940); first meeting with WSC; on India proposals; London conference; naval policy; Quebec conference (1943); Quebec conference (1944); relationship with WSC; successor; on Tory victory; on WSC; on WSC and Baldwin; on WSC and Roosevelt; WWII
Macleod, Iain
Macmillan, Harold: on Atlantic Charter; Burmese independence policy; Empire policy; Prime Minister; on Suez; tribute to WSC; ‘wind of change’ speech; on WSC’s immigration policy; on WSC’s old age
Mafeking, siege
Maffey, Sir John
Mahdi
Maine (hospital ship)
Majuba Hill, Battle (1881)
Malakand Field Force
Malan, D. F.
Malawi (earlier Nyasaland)
Malaya: communist insurgency; Japanese invasion; WWII
Malta: Roosevelt-WSC meeting; WSC’s visit; WWII
Mamund Valley, fighting
Manchester Chamber of Commerce (MCC)
Manchester Dispatch
Manchester Guardian
Mandela, Nelson
Markievicz, Constance
Marlborough, Charles Spencer-Churchill (‘Sunny’), ninth Duke of (WSC’s cousin)
Marlborough, John Churchill, first Duke of
Marlborough, John Spencer-Churchill, seventh Duke of (WSC’s grandfather)
Marsh, Edward
Mass-Observation
Mau Mau
Mawdsley, James
Maxse, F. I.
Maxton, James
Mayo, Katherine
Mbeki, Thabo
Mencken, H. L.
Menon, Krishna
Menzies, Robert: London visit; premiership; relationship with WSC; resignation; tribute to WSC; on WSC’s election defeat (1945); WWII
Mesopotamia: British mandate; British occupation; rebellion (1920); WSC’s policy; see also Iraq
Middle East: British position; WSC’s policies; WWII
Midland Conservative Club
Milner, Sir Alfred (Viscount Milner): Colonial Secretary; Egypt report; flogging of Chinese workers; franchise issue; relationship with WSC; Round Table; successor; WSC’s letters
Money, Leo Chiozza
Montagu, Edwin
Montgomery, Bernard Law
Moore, Richard B.
Moran, Charles Wilson, first Baron
Morley, John
Morning Post
Morrison, Herbert
Moscow conference (1944)
Mossadegh, Mohammed
Mountbatten, Lord Louis
Moyne, Walter Guinness, first Baron
Mudaliar, Sir Ramaswami
Muslim League
Muslims: in Cyprus; Empire population; Hindu-Muslim riots; Pakistan origins; refugees; Round Table Conference; troops in Indian army; United India plan; Viceroy’s Council plan; WSC’s view of; see also Islam
Mussolini, Benito
Mustafa Kemal
Mutual Aid Agreement (1942)
Nasser, Gamal Abdul
Natal
Natal Witness
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
‘National Efficiency’
National Government
National Health Service
National Insurance
National Liberal Club
National Party, Britain
National Party, New Zealand
National Party, South Africa
National Review
Nationalist Party, South Africa
NATO
Navin Bharat
Nazis
Neguib, Mohammed
Nehru, Jawaharlal: Cripps negotiations; death; education; on Gandhi agreement; imprisonment; on Mau Mau; Prime Minister; relationship with WSC; on summit proposal; on WSC; WWII
Nemon, Oscar
Nevinson, H. W.
New Mandalay Sun
New Zealand: Dominion status; foreign policy; Gallipoli troops; Labour government; National Party; naval policy; press; response to Chanak crisis (1922); WWII
Newfoundland: fishing dispute; US base
News Chronicle
Nichols, Beverley
Nicholson, Otho
Nicholson, William
Nicolson, Harold
Nigeria
1922 Committee
Nkrumah, Kwame
North-West Frontier: British policy; Pathan rising; WSC in action; WSC’s views on
North-West Manchester constituency
Northern Ireland, see also Ulster
Northey, Sir Edward
Norway, British defeat (1940)
Nyasaland
Observer
&nbs
p; Okpara, Michael
Oldham Conservative Association
Oldham constituency
Oldham Daily Standard
Oldham Evening Chronicle
Omdurman, Battle of (1898)
Orange Free State
Orange River Colony (ORC)
Orwell, George
Ottawa Agreements (1932)
Ottawa Free Press
Overlord, Operation (invasion of France)
Pakistan: birth of; democracy; origins; territory
Palestine: anti-Jewish violence; British mandate; British rule; British withdrawal; Jewish ‘national home’; partition proposal; Stern Gang; territory; war (1948); White Paper (1922); WSC in; WSC’s policy; see also Israel
Palestine Post
Pall Mall Gazette
Pan-African Congress
Parkin, G. R.
Pathan: rising; troops
Pearl Harbor (1941)
Pearson, Lester
Phelan, Jim
Phillips, William
Pioneer
Placentia Bay conference (1941)
Plato
Plowden, Pamela
Pretoria
Primrose League
Prince of Wales, HMS
Punch
Quebec conferences: (1943, Quadrant); (1944, Octagon)
Radhakrishnan, Sarvepalli
Rajagopalachari, Chakravarti
Rand Mail
Reade, Winwood
Redmond, John
Reich, Das
Repulse, HMS
Review of Reviews
Reynolds’s Newspaper
Rhodes, Cecil
Rhodesia
Ridley, F. A.
Roberts, Frederick Roberts, first Earl
Rommel, Erwin
Roosevelt, Franklin D.: Atlantic Charter; Cairo Declaration (1943); election victory (1940); India policy; Ireland policy; Lend-Lease; Malta meeting (1945); Placentia Bay conference (1941); Quebec conference (1943, Quadrant); Quebec conference (1944, Octagon); relationship with WSC; Tehran conference (1943); Washington talks (1943); on WSC’s Zionism; WWII; Yalta conference (1945)
Roosevelt, Kermit
Rosebery, Archibald Primrose, fifth Earl
Rothermere, Harold Harmsworth, first Viscount
Rothschild, Jimmy de
Round Table
Round Table Conferences (1930–2)
Rowntree, Seebohm
Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC)
Royal Navy: Indians serving in; oil supplies; Simon’s Town base
Royal Titles Act (1876)
Ruark, Robert
Runciman, Walter
Russia: Bolshevik revolution; ‘White’ forces; WSC’s stance; see also Soviet Union
Rutenberg, Pinhas
Sadullah (‘the Mad Mullah’)
St Laurent, Louis
Saint Simon, Duc de
Salisbury, Robert Cecil, third Marquess of: meeting with WSC (1898); Prime Minister (1885–6); Prime Minister (1886–92); Prime Minister (1895–1902); River War dedication
Salisbury, Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, fifth Marquess of (earlier Viscount Cranborne)
Samuel, Sir Herbert
Sandhurst
Sapru, Sir Tej
Sastri, Srinivasi
Savage, Michael
Savarkar, V. D.
Scott, C. P.
Seeley, J. R.
Selborne, Roundell Palmer, third Earl of (earlier Viscount Wolmer)
Selborne, William Palmer, second Earl of
Sèvres, Treaty of (1920)
Shakti
Shaw, George Bernard
Sheridan, Clare
Sicily, invasion (1943)
Sikh: refugees; troops
Simla conference (1945)
Simon, Sir John
Simon Commission
Simon’s Town naval base
Singapore: Canadian view; defence; fall; recovery plans; US view; vulnerability; WSC on British control; WSC on strength of
Singh, Sir Maharaj
Sinn Féin
Smith, Adam
Smith, Ian
Smuts, J. C.: career; centralized imperialism concerns; Chanak crisis (1922); death; Gandhi negotiations; Imperial War Cabinet; India policy; in London (1942); London mission (1906); Palestine policy; racial attitudes; relationship with WSC; WWII
Socialist Leader
Somaliland: British acquisition; British commitments; WSC in
Something of Value (film)
South Africa: apartheid; Asian population; Boers, see Boers; Chinese workers; concentration camps; Gandhi in; general election (1948); High Commission Territories issue; Lord Randolph’s visit; map; naval policy; racial issues; response to Chanak crisis (1922); Simon’s Town naval base; Uitlanders; WSC’s policies; Zulu rebellion
South African Light Horse
South–East Asia Command (SEAC)
Soviet Union: German invasion; influence; Labour attitude to; summit proposal; WSC on; WWII; see also Russia
Spaarwater, H. G.
Spears, Edward
Spectator
Spender, J. A.
Spion Kop, Battle of (1900)
Stalin, Joseph: death; Moscow conference (1944); Roosevelt’s relationship with; Tehran conference (1943); WSC’s relationship with; Yalta conference (1945)
Stanley, George
Stanley, H. M.
Stanley, Oliver
Stanley, Venetia
Star
Star of East Africa
Statesman, Calcutta
Steevens, G. W.
sterling: balances; convertibility; floating; see also gold standard
Stern Gang
Stettinius, Edward
Stevenson, Adlai
Stogdon, Mr (master at Harrow)
Strand magazine
Sudan: Anglo-Egyptian rule; British reconquest; Darfur violence; Dervishes; Farouk proclaimed King; independence (1956); Khartoum fall (1885); Mahdist state; WSC in; WSC’s policy
Sumatra
Sun, Sydney
Sunday Statesman
Sunday Times
Swaziland
Swinton, Philip Cunliffe–Lister, first Earl of
Sydney Morning Herald
Syria
Tanganyika
tariff reform, see imperial preference
Tehran conference (1943)
Templer, Sir Gerald
Tenzing Norgay
Thawra al-Arabiyya, Al-
Thuku, Harry
Times, The
Times of India
Times of Natal
Tirah campaign
Tobruk
Toole, J. J.
‘Tory Democracy’
Transjordan
Transvaal: Boer republic; Chamberlain warnings; Chinese workers; constitution; election (1907); franchise issue; self-government question; treatment of non-whites; Uitlanders; war; WSC on
Transvaal Leader
Tribune, Lahore
Truman, Harry S.
trusteeship
Tullibardine, Marquess of
Turkey
Twain, Mark
Tweedsmuir, John Buchan, first Baron
U Saw
Uganda, WSC in
Ulster, see also Northern Ireland
United Nations (UN): Charter; establishment; Indian independence issue; Palestine plan; Trusteeship Council; WSC’s view of
United Service Gazette
United States: Atlantic Charter; Britain’s relationship with; economic issues; Egypt policy; Eisenhower presidency; fishing dispute; India policy; Iran policy; loan to Britain (1946); pro-Boer feeling; racial segregation; responses to election result (1945); ‘special relationship’; views on Empire; WSC in; WSC’s honorary citizenship; WWI; WWII
Vandenberg, Arthur
Varma, S. S.
Vereeniging, Treaty of (1902)
Verney, Harry
Victoria, Queen: Diamond Jubilee; Empress of India; funeral; Golden Jubilee; reign; view o
f Mahdi’s tomb destruction
Wahuriu Itote (‘General China’)
Wallace, Henry
War Cabinet: Imperial; WWI; WWII
War Office: journalism rules; White’s career; WSC at; WSC’s army career; WSC’s attacks on; WWII segregation
Warbuton, Colonel
Waruhiu wa Kungu, Paramount Chief
Washington Post
Washington talks (1943)
Wavell, Archibald Wavell, first Earl: dismissal; relationship with WSC; Viceroy of India; on WSC
Wedgwood, Josiah
Weizmann, Chaim
Welldon, J. E. C.
Wells, H. G.
West Africa: Atlantic Charter; British policy; British punitive raids
West African Pilot
West African Students’ Union
Westminster, Statute of (1931)
Westminster Gazette
White, Sir George
White, Harry Dexter
Williams, Francis
Willkie, Wendell
Wilson, Harold
Wilson, Sir Henry
Wilson, Lady Sarah (WSC’s aunt)
Wimborne, Lady Cornelia
Winant, J. G.
Wingate, Orde
Winterton, Edward Turnour, sixth Earl
Wolmer, Viscount, see Selborne, third Earl of
Wolseley, Garnet Wolseley, first Viscount
Wood, Edward, see Halifax
World
World War I: armistice; British acquisitions at end of; Gallipoli; outbreak; Peace Conference; US entry; War Cabinet
World War II: British conquests; German invasions; Irish neutrality; Smuts’s advice to WSC; War Cabinet; WSC’s premiership
Yalta conference (1945)
Yane, Boishwerelo
Yorkshire Post
Young Winston (film)
Sambia
Zanzibar
Zetland, Marquess of
Zionism: Moyne assassination; response to 1945 election; WSC’s views
Zulu War
Zululand
Zulus
Picture Acknowledgements
Getty: 1, 7, 12, 13, 14, 19–22, 29, 34–36
Mary Evans Picture Library: 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 11, 17,
National Portrait Gallery, London: 5
Private Collection: 9
Illustrated London News Ltd/Mary Evans Picture Library: 15
Gertrude Bell Archive: 16
Solo Syndication/Associated Newspapers Ltd: 18, 33
Australian War Memorial: 23 (negative number: 006414), 24 (Unknown ‘Let us go forward together’, c.1940, photolithograph, 76.4 × 51.8 cm, negative number: ARTV02119), 25 (negative number: 013354), 26 (negative number: PO2366_002), 28 (negative number: 128501), 30 (negative number: MED2037)
Kind permission of the John Curtin Prime Ministerial Library and the Curtin Family: 27, 31