Fremantle, Arthur James Lyon, 523–24, 574; Battle of Gettysburg and, 537, 539, 545, 546, 547, 548–49, 549n, 556, 557, 559, 570, 586–87; description of July 2, Battle of Gettysburg, 571, 571n, 573, 575, 575n; description of July 3, Battle of Gettysburg, 598, 599–600; description of Lee, 549
Frémont, John C., 303, 311
French, William, 483
Fritchie, Barbara, 471n
From Manassas to Appomattox (Longstreet), 568
Front Royal (Guard Hill or Cedarville), Battle of, 312
Frost, Robert, 587
Fuller, J. F. C., 294, 311–12, 325, 334, 424–25, 439, 470, 471, 497n, 510, 513, 519, 539, 573, 617, 635
Gaines’s Mill (Chickahominy River), Battle of, 358, 359–76, 366; battlefield with sketch of Jackson’s line of advance, 366; Boatswain’s Creek, 362, 364–65, 370, 371; burying the dead, 375; casualties, 373, 373n; Confederate forces, size of, 374; crumbling of Union line, 372–73; Hood’s charge, 371–72; Jackson’s blunder of wrong route, 367–69, 370; Lee becomes hero, 373; Magruder and, 360; map, area between Chickahominy and Pamunkey rivers, 320; meeting of Jackson and Lee, 370–71; poor Confederate maps and, 361, 362, 365; rebel yell and, 371; Union Army destruction of supplies, 374, 375
Garcia, G., 214
Garfield, James A., 608
Garnett, Richard S., 252–53, 256, 257–58, 271, 407; death of, 258, 407
Garrett, John W., xxi–xxii
Garrison, William Lloyd, xxxvii, xxxix, 688
Gettysburg (film), 423, 533, 561
Gettysburg, Battle of, 125n, 151, 330, 404, 523–601; Baltimore Pike, 554, 556, 566, 575; Buford at, 33; casualties, 42, 557, 580, 601; Cemetery Hill, 556, 564, 568, 578; Cemetery Ridge, 134n, 556, 564, 566, 571, 573, 575, 576, 577, 578, 579, 585, 587–88, 591, 594, 595; Confederate advance on, 535–36, 536, 540, 541, 542, 545, 546, 547, 549–50; Confederate Army’s lack of ammunition, 580–81, 595, 596, 601; Confederate defeat, 599; Confederate withdrawal, 601, 603; Culp’s Hill, 556, 557, 558–59, 561, 562–63, 564, 566, 575, 579, 586; Devil’s Den, 576, 577, 578; diagram (July 2–3), 555; “fishhook,” Federal position on Little Round top, 579, 579, 586; Fremantle’s account (see Fremantle, Arthur James Lyon); Fremantle’s description of Lee, July 1, 549; Hood at, 184; horses killed, 581, 594; July 1, day one, 549–67; July 2, day two, 567–83; July 3, day three, 583–601, 597; Lee accepts responsibility for loss, 600–604; Lee as “blinded giant,” 544; Lee’s battle plan, 423, 562, 565, 576, 583–84, 587–89; Lee’s errors, 534–35, 539, 557–58, 558n, 563, 564, 568, 571, 573–74, 580, 581–83; as Lee’s greatest defeat, 220n; Lee’s orders to Stuart, 539–40; Lee’s purported remark to Anderson, 551–53; Lee’s report, 529–30; Lee’s temperament and casualties at, 42; Lee’s unhappiness with site, 545–46, 574; Little Round Top, 564, 573, 574, 575, 576, 577, 578, 585, 594; Longstreet blamed for loss, 420n, 533, 534, 552, 559–60, 567, 568, 577–78, 577n, 590, 681; Longstreet’s opposition to, 524, 525–26, 528, 576–77; Meade and, 134n, 542, 543, 544, 546, 548, 553, 578, 579, 580, 581, 593, 594, 601; officers killed or wounded, 553, 578, 599, 600–601; opponents of Lee’s plan, 524, 525 (see also Longstreet above); Peach Orchard, 573, 576, 577, 578; Pickett’s Charge, 42, 407, 569, 589–90, 591, 592, 595–96, 597, 598, 600; prisoners taken, 557, 558, 601; questions and controversies about, 533, 539–40, 559–60, 567–68, 571, 572, 590, 601; Round Top, 564, 568, 572–73; Seminary Ridge, 33, 550, 554, 556, 559, 570, 573, 585, 586, 587, 591, 595; Stuart’s mistakes, 540–41, 542, 544, 546, 547, 551, 554, 562, 566, 576, 580, 681; study of, 567–68; Ziegler’s Grove, 587, 588, 591
Gettysburg, PA, 548, 548n, 549, 557; Ewell’s headquarters in, 571, 571n
Gil Blas (Lesage), 35–36
Goncharov, Ivan, 165n
Gordon, John Brown, 558, 658, 659
Gordonsville, VA, 301, 339, 401, 402, 416; Jackson ordered to advance on, 400, 401, 406; Lee war council at, 413–14, 415–16
Grant, Ulysses S., 120, 230; alcohol and, 158, 625; appointed commander, U.S. Army, 611; Appomattox, battle and surrender, 651, 652–53, 655; Appomattox, generosity of, at surrender, 668, 669; attack on Richmond and Petersburg, 645–46, 647; Battle of Cold Harbor, 42, 629–31; Battle of Shiloh, 305, 308; Battle of Spotsylvania Courthouse, 624–27; Battle of the Crater, 635–36; Battle of Wilderness, 617–24; as “butcher” of troops, 42, 612; capture of Fort Henry and Fort Donelson, 288–89; central strategic idea, 524, 612, 616, 636; character of, 611; crossing of Rapidan, 405; disappointment and self-doubts about military career, 99, 157–58; on Floyd, 280; Halleck and, 400, 625; on Hooker, 480n; Lee and, 230, 611–12, 618, 618n, 623, 672, 688; Lee’s pardon and, 676; linking of Mexican War and Civil War, 104; Longstreet and, 533; on McClellan, 293; Meade and, 617n; memoirs, 618, 630, 635, 665; Mexican War and, 154; migraine headaches, 656–57; military genius of, 37, 255; on Mosby’s men, 690; opinion of Burnside, 492; opinion of Lee, 34, 163, 163n; pontoon bridge over the Chickahominy River, 632; prisoners taken, 611; on seizure of Mexican territory, 103–4; siege of Petersburg, 632, 635; siege of Richmond and, 632; size of force, 617; terms of Lee’s surrender, 655, 666–68, 677; uniform, 664–65; Vicksburg and, 524, 525, 528, 601, 611; wife, Julia, 158
Grant and Lee (Fuller), 424, 497n
Gratiot, Charles, 49, 69, 78, 82–83, 106; dismissal from command, 93–94; Lee as assistant to, War Department, 75, 80–82; Lee’s Mississippi channel project and, 89
Green, Israel, xxii, xxvii, xxviii, xxxii, xxxiii, xxxiv, xxxvi
Greene, Nathanael, 9, 16
Greenhow, Rose O’Neal “Wild Rose,” 263–64
Gregg, Maxey, 363
Grey, Selina, 240, 241, 260
Grierson, Benjamin, 524
Grimes, Benjamin F., 475
Groveton, VA, 434, 436, 438. See also Bull Run, Second Battle of
Hagerstown, MD, 471–72, 535, 537
Hale, Horace, 63, 71
Halleck, Henry, 400, 401, 408, 413, 438, 452, 459, 496, 520, 541, 634; Grant’s famous telegraphic message to, 625
Hamilton, Alexander, 44
Hamlin, Hannibal, 216
Hamtramck Guards, xxii
Hancock, Winfield Scott: Battle of Gettysburg and, 556; Battle of Wilderness, 619, 623; Mexican War, 154
Harpers Ferry, VA, 249, 312; changing of hands during the Civil War, 259, 491, 532; defense at, 238; Jackson’s capturing of, 237, 474, 475; John Brown’s raid, xvi–xxiii, xxv–xxxvi, 212; Johnston in command of, 252; Lee and John Brown’s raid, xxiii, xxv–xxxvii, 201, 210; Lee’s message to John Brown at, xxviii; Lee’s plan to attack during Civil War, 465–66, 467, 472, 473; strategic position of, 249
Harris, Arthur, 331
Harrisburg, PA, 465, 473, 533, 536, 541
Harrison’s Landing, VA, 397, 398, 408, 413; Lee’s diversionary operations, 402, 406
Harvard University, 686n
Hatch, John Porter, 436n
Hayne, Paul Hamilton, 286–87
Heintzelman, Samuel P., 343–44, 345
Henderson, G. F. R., 424, 444
Henry, Patrick, 554
Heth, Henry, 33, 548, 550, 551, 553, 570
Hickory Hill plantation, 335, 415, 489, 604–5, 607
Hill, A. P., 407, 434, 550, 573, 636; advance on Gordonsville, 402, 410; Battle of Antietam, 484; Battle of Cedar Mountain, 410–13; Battle of Chancellorsville, 517–18; Battle of Fredericksburg, 502; Battle of Gettysburg and, 534, 535, 548, 551, 553, 554, 556–57, 559, 563, 565, 566, 570, 572, 573, 575, 581–82, 584, 586, 590; Battle of Second Manassas, 439; Battle of Wilderness, 617, 619, 620; character of, 402; dislike of Jackson, 402–3, 406; diversionary tactics by, 531;
Hill, A. P. illness of, 556, 626; promotion to lieutenant general, 526; Seven Days Battles and, 340, 354, 355, 356, 361, 362, 363–64, 365, 369–70, 380, 383, 384, 392
Hill, D. H.: attack on Pope’s flanks and, 409; Battle of Antietam, 482–83; Battle of South Mountain, 473–74; Maryland Campaign, 472; Seven Days Battles and, 338, 340, 354, 355, 357, 361, 362, 369–70, 387, 392
Hind
enburg, Paul von, 564
Hoffbauer, Charles, 650
Holmes, Theophilus, 262, 303, 384
Hood, John Bell, 184, 186, 189, 239, 323; Atlanta and, 637, 638; Battle of Antietam, 479, 481; Battle of Gaines’s Mill and, 371–72; Battle of Gettysburg, 562, 567, 570, 576, 577–78, 584; Battle of Malvern Hill and, 389; Battle of Second Manassas, 439, 446; Battle of Wilderness and, 621; at Hanover Junction, 409; Texas Brigade, 323, 371, 439; wounding at Gettysburg, 578
Hooker, Joseph, 479–81, 479n, 480n; Battle of Brandy Station, 531; Battle of Chancellorsville, 508–21, 508, 511; Battle of Fredericksburg, 501; character of, 509; as commander, Army of the Potomac, 507; last words of, 515; Lee’s Gettysburg campaign and, 528–29, 530, 531–32, 535–36; Mexican War and, 154; military ability of, 509, 515; observation balloons used by, 507; ordered to protect Washington versus attacking Richmond, 532; replaces Burnside, 504; resignation of U.S. Army command, 541–42; retreat from Chancellorsville, 520; wounding at Antietam, 483; wounding at Chancellorsville, 518
horses: British Household Cavalry, 8, 175n; cavalry as “mounted infantry,” 551, 551n; cavalry charge and, 551n; Confederate Army needs for, 505n, 550; dragoon-seat, 175, 175n; First and Second Cavalry, southerners in, 186, 192; Grant’s terms of surrender and, 668; “heavy cavalry” or dragoons, 7–8, 175n; “horse holder,” 551; Jackson’s Little Sorrel, 297, 342, 363, 412, 435, 517; killed at Gettysburg, 581, 594; Lee and riding school at West Point, 179; Lee’s Creole, 108, 110, 118–19, 119n; Lee’s dark bay gelding (Mexican War), 119; Lee’s Grace Darling, 108, 110, 119, 175; Lee’s judge of horseflesh, 108; Lee’s Lucy Long, 284, 688; Lee’s preference for mares, 118; Lee’s Richmond, 272–73, 284; Lee’s rides with son, 175; Lee’s Traveller (see Traveller); Light Brigade at the Battle of Balaclava, 8; light cavalry, 7, 8; Longstreet’s Hero, 550; Rob Lee’s Santa Anna (pony), 158, 175; Saumur Cavalry School and, 179, 179n; starvation of, 505, 506
Hotchkiss, Jedediah, 300, 303, 304, 341, 348, 351, 354, 404, 409, 410, 513–14, 518, 626
Houdon, Jean-Antoine, 236
Houston, Sam, 217
Howard, Oliver, 515, 516
Huger, Benjamin, 252, 303, 357–58, 376, 378, 383, 384, 385, 398; Lines of advance by the Army of Northern Virginia, morning of July 1, 1862, 388
Hugo, Victor, xxxvi
Hunt, Henry W., 594, 595
Imboden, John D., 547, 562
Intruder in the Dust (Faulkner), 592
Jackson, Andrew, 41, 227, 642
Jackson, Henry R., 272, 278
Jackson, Thomas J. “Stonewall,” xxxviii, 120, 239, 245, 268, 325–26, 329, 399, 421, 424, 585; absence at Gettysburg, effect of, 572, 603, 604n; advance on Gordonsville, 400, 401, 402, 406, 409, 410; appearance, 339–40, 342, 351, 361, 367, 370, 412; assistant adjutant general for, 350; attack on Pope’s flanks, 407–8; background, 296–97; Battle of Antietam, 477, 478; Battle of Cedar Mountain, 410–13, 413n; Battle of Chancellorsville, 513–14, 516–17, 578; Battle of Falling Waters, 259; Battle of First Manassas, 266, 266n, 267; Battle of First Winchester, 312, 332; Battle of Frayser’s Farm and, 382; Battle of Fredericksburg, 496, 500, 501–2; Battle of Front Royal, 312; Battle of Gaines’s Mill, 361–71, 366; Battle of Kernstown, 304; Battle of Malvern Hill, 386, 388, 393; Battle of McDowell, 312; Battle of Mechanicsburg, 341–42, 348; Battle of Orange Court House, 406; Battle of Ox Hill, 457–58; Battle of Savage’s Station, 379, 381; Battle of Second Manassas, 427–28, 435–58; calm in battle, 412; capture of Pope’s supply base, 431, 434; character of, 296, 297–98, 332, 339, 340–41, 402, 407, 435, 564–65; death of, 298, 514, 517, 520; dislike of A. P. Hill, 402–3, 406; execution of John Brown and, 298; exhaustion of, 341–42, 349–50, 351, 353, 367, 371, 382; “foot cavalry” of, 312; “Grapevine Bridge” and Alexander’s Bridge, 376–77, 377n, 378; guerrilla warfare and, 299; Harpers Ferry assault and capture, 465–66, 467, 472, 473, 474, 491; headquarters, Winchester, 299; health of, 297; horse, Little Sorrel (see horses); Lee and, 237, 295–96, 303, 311, 330, 332, 340, 341, 361, 370–71, 381, 383, 398, 402, 409, 430, 442, 443, 467; Lee’s confusing letter about approaches to Beaver Dam Creek, 348; Lee’s Council of War (June 23, 1862), 340–41; Lee’s council with at Gordonsville, 413–14, 415–16; Lee’s council with at Jefferston, 427; Lee’s “historic” message to, 309; Lee’s last sight of, 514; Lee’s letters to, 249–50, 310–11, 333, 334; Lee’s meetings with, before Chancellorsville, 512–13, 514; Lee’s meeting with, Harpers Ferry plan (Sept. 9, 1862), 465–66; Lee’s orders regarding Pope, 405; Lee’s plan to bring in from Shenandoah to stop McClellan, 332–33, 334–35, 338, 339, 345, 348, 349–53; as legend, 298; map of advance, area between Chickahominy and Pamunkey rivers, 320; march from Manassas Junction, 433–34; march from Winchester to join Lee at Fredericksburg, 494; march to Beaver Dam Creek, 349–56, 352; marriage of, 684; methods as basis for Germany blitzkreig, 312; Mexican War and, 144, 154, 297; occupation of Harpers Ferry, 237, 249–50, 252; piety and religion of, 425, 438; Pope’s desire to trap, 433; promotion to lieutenant general, 491; protecting Virginia Central Railroad, 400; pursuit of Pope, 455; rallying the troops, 412; rebel yell and, 266; ride to Richmond to meet Lee, 339–40; secrecy of, 332, 333, 334, 340–41, 403, 409, 434; Seven Days campaign failures, 353–55, 382–83, 393; size of force, 430n; Stonewall Brigade, 299; stragglers and, 342; studies of, 311–12; Valley campaign, 299–304, 302, 309–13, 323; weakness of, 368; at West Point, 297
Jefferson, Thomas, 6, 12, 14, 28, 47, 50
Jefferson Guard, from Charles Town, Virginia, xxi, xxii, xxviii–xxix
Jenkins, Albert G., 547
John Brown’s Body (Benét), 693
Johnson, Andrew, 676
Johnson, Edward, 303, 311, 312, 586; Battle of Gettysburg and, 558
Johnson, Herschel, 216
Johnson, Samuel, 36
Johnston, Albert Sidney, xxv, 33, 186, 187, 188, 198, 213, 305
Johnston, Joseph E., 33, 63, 70, 245, 259, 299, 326; abandonment of Yorktown and, 313–14, 318; attack on McClellan at Chickahominy river, 319, 321, 322; Battle of First Manassas and, 265, 266; Battle of Seven Pines and, 323–25, 329; character of, 307, 308, 314, 315; Civil War and, 261; as codesigner of the Confederate battle flag, 186; command at Harpers Ferry, 252; Culpeper Court House and, 304; in First Cavalry, 186; on Lee, 34; Lee’s command and, 256, 262; Lee’s letters to, 86; Lee’s strategic differences with, 300, 301, 306–7, 312, 313, 314, 315–16, 524; on McClellan, 306; Mexican War and, 154; Mexican War and Lee, 123–24, 125, 125n, 144; poor discipline of army, 329; refusal to reinforce Magruder, 305; secretiveness of, 321, 322, 323; size of command, 528; threatens to resign, 315; withdrawal to Rappahannock, 292–93, 301, 304; wounding, 324
Jones, Charles C., 16
Jones, D. R., 482
Jones, J. William, 638
Jones Spring, VA, 348, 488–89
Kanawha, VA, 275–76, 280–82
Kansas: “bleeding Kansas,” xvii, 182; Kansas-Nebraska Act, 181–82; two capitals of, 182, 182n; violence over slavery in, 192–93
Kayser, Henry, 86–87
Kearny, Philip, 457–58, 458n
Kearny, Stephen, 107
Kemper, James L., 601
Kernstown, Battle of, 304
Killer Angels, The (Shaara), 423, 533, 561
King, William Rufus, xxii, 436, 436n
Kinloch, 242, 260, 269, 294
Kinnon, Mrs. Brittania Peter, 684
Kipling, Rudyard, 600
Korda, Michael, 618n
Kosciuszko, Tadeusz*, 29
Krick, Robert K., 298n
Lacy, B. Tucker, 513–14
Lafayette, Marquis de (Gibert du Motier), xix, 22, 31
Laurel Hill, battle of, 257–58
Lawrence, T. E., 9, 299
Lee, [Eleanor] Agnes (daughter), 92n, 160, 174, 188, 222, 224, 239, 240, 294, 414–15, 488–89, 604, 641, 674, 677; death, 609; Orton Williams and, 607, 608–9; post-war life, 678, 679, 691; typhoid fever and, 609, 682; visit to besieged Petersburg, 645
Lee, Anne Carter “Annie” (daughter), 92n, 160, 174, 175, 197, 224, 239, 294, 414–15, 488–89; death, 489, 677; facial birthmark of, 101; Lee’s letters to, 214–15
Lee, Ann Hill Carter (mother), 18–21; ancestral home of, Shirley, 6, 11, 14, 18, 691; children of, 11; death, 45; distressed circumstances, 38; estate of, 46; Fitzhugh and, 13, 25; George Washington and, 11; health of, 13, 18–19, 38; Lafayette and, 22, 31; Lee and, 38, 20–21, 26; Lee’s admittance to West Point and, 23–26; nearly buried alive, 19, 19n; portrait of, 11; religious faith of, 19; slaves owned by, 28, 46; at Stratford, 11; values taught to Lee, 14, 18, 20–21
Lee, Ann Robinson McCarty, 39
Lee, Charles Carter (brother), 23, 38, 46, 47, 51, 673
Lee, Charlotte (daughter-in-law), 335, 346, 348, 414, 428, 489, 604, 605; death, 605, 613
Lee, Fitzhugh (nephew), 178, 294, 418–20, 418n, 421, 642, 642n, 656, 661n; Battle of Appomattox Court House, 658–59; Battle of Chancellorsville, 512–13, 515–16, 517; ride back to Richmond after surrender, 673
Lee, George Washington Custis, “Custis” or “Boo” (son): birth of, 70, 92n; Brady’s historic photograph of Lee and, 674; capture of, 650; Confederate Army and, 224, 241, 242, 414, 488; home rented in Richmond, 641–42; illness of, 414; Jeb Stuart and, xxv; Lee’s letters to, 138, 139, 201–2, 213, 217, 221, 224; Lee’s return from Mexican War and, 160; mother’s health and, 224; post-war life, 679; at Ravensworth, 241; in Saint Louis with Lee, 90; in the U.S. Army, 201; at the War Department, 218, 224; at West Point, 169–70, 178, 184
Lee, Henry Lee, I, 5
Lee, Henry, II (paternal grandfather), 5
Lee, Henry, III “Light-Horse Harry Lee” (father), 5, 7–16, 245, 552, 565; attack on and injury, 15–16; Caribbean exile and death, 16; character flaws and scandal, 7, 9–16; charm of, 7, 9–10; children of, 11; debtors’ prison and, 12; first wife, Matilda Lee, 10; George Washington and, 5, 6, 8–9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 683; as governor of Virginia, 10, 11, 12; grave of, 288, 690; Jones’s book about, 16–17; Lafayette and, 31; Lee and formation of character, 17–18; Lee’s relationship with, 7, 13–14; as Revolutionary hero, 7–9, 13–14; second wife, Ann Hill Carter, 11; Stratford mansion and, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
Clouds of Glory Page 92
