The Tempting of America
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Ideology. See Intellectual, or knowledge class; Legal theorists; Moralism
Incorporation concept, 94, 129
Intellectual, or knowledge class, 130, 241, 337-43
addition of 60s generation group to, 338-39
moral relativism of, 8, 247
and politicization of legal thought, 135-38See also Activist groups; Legal theorists; New left
Interpretivism. See Original understanding
Iredell, James, 20, 33
Jackson, Andrew, 28, 54
Jackson, Robert, 56
Jaffe, Louis L . , 78
Jefferson, Thomas, 21, 53, 54, 184, 289
Jenson, Robert W., 293
Johnson, William, 25-26
Johnston, J . Bennett, 281, 310
Judicial activism
decisions not derived from Constitution, 17
in Dred Scott decision, 30-34
in interpretation of powers of Congress, 56
of New Deal Court, 56
Judicial power
actions of Marshall to support, 21-28
argument in Calder over, 19-20
checks on, 351-52
consensus as safeguard against abuse of, 55
exercise in Bower, 116-19
exercise in Roe decision, 115-16
fourteenth amendment as engine of, 36
Judicial restraint, 342
Judicial review, 11, 163
Bickers search for justification for, 188-92
Brest on, 208-9
consequences of departure from, 192-93
defense in Marbury for, 22, 26
in Dred Scott, 181
Jefferson’s position on, 21
legitimacy of, 165
Siegan position on, 225-29
Tribe on, 201-2
Judiciary
function to preserve constitutional design, 4, 139-41
Kant, Emmanuel, 255, 256
Keisler, Peter, 280
Kennedy, Anthony
confirmation hearings of, 346
Kennedy, Anthony—Continued
interpretation of equal protection, 108
in Webster decision, 116
Kennedy, Duncan, 207-8
Kennedy, Edward, 261, 296, 297, 323
Bork visits, 280-81
false charges against Bork, 298, 306
as organizer of campaign against confirmation, 282-83, 290
Senate speech on Bork nomination, 268, 279, 282
Keynes, John Maynard, 193
King, Martin Luther, Jr., 334
King, Rufus, 154
Kinnock, Neal, 307
Kirkpatrick, Jeanne, 321
Koppel, Ted, 164
Korologos, Tom, 280, 297
Kramer, Hilton, 137
Kristol, Irving, 321
LaFollette, Robert, 54
Law
effect of Bork hearings on, 347
politicization of, 2-3, 348-49, 349
Law school politicization, 3, 348
Leadership Conference on Civil Rights, 283, 284
Leahy, Patrick, 296
Lear, Norman, 288, 324
Left-liberal culture. See Intellectual, or knowledge class; New left
Legal realism, 71-72, 135
Legal theorists
justification of political behavior of Supreme Court, 12
want policy making role for judges, 6
Legal thought
attempts to politicize, 135-38
moral choices in revisionist, 251, 353-55
of revisionists, 207-19
Legislation
as means to extend freedoms, 147
morality as basis for, 124-26
as reflection of majority position, 17, 102
Legislative reapportionment cases, 84-90 See also One person, one vote doctrine; Republican form of government
Lenin, N . , 32
Lemer, Max, 10, 342
Levi, Edward, 295, 308
Levinson, Sanford, 217-18
Levy, Leonard, 218-19
Liberal culture. See Intellectual, or knowledge class
Liberty, constitutional, 353
federalism as protection for, 52-53
as guaranteed by due process, 231-33
interpretation in Lochner of, 43-44
preserved by Constitution, 4-5
Lichter, S. Robert, 341
Lincoln, Abraham, 34, 54
Lochner era, 46-49
Lochnerize, 44
London, Herbert, 339
Lowery, Joseph, 283
McBride, Andrew, 280
McConnell, Michael, 223-24
MacDonald, Dwight, 192
McDowell, Gary, 8, 188
McGovern, George, 341
Maclntyre, Alasdair, 10, 254
McLean, John, 34
McReynolds, James Clark, 47-48, 57
Madison, James, 144, 154, 183, 289
on ninth amendment, 185
on republican form of government, 87
submits rights amendments, 93
Madisonian dilemma, 139-41, 146, 208, 210, 303
Majoritarianism, 17, 139-41
Manning, John, 280
Marshall, John, 45, 155, 165, 184
actions and opinion in Marbury, 22-24, 26
activist tendencies of, 21-28
on meaning of Constitution, 145
Marshall, Thurgood, 72, 108
Marshall Court, 21-28, 129
Marxism, 341
Mayer, Doug, 280
Mayer, Martin, 106
Meese, Edwin, 313
Metzenbaum, Howard, 283, 285, 290, 296, 297, 306-7, 323, 326-27, 328, 331
Michelman, Frank, 207
Miller, Samuel, 37, 40-4-3, 57, 149
Minorities
Bork position Oi rights of, 324—26
freedom extended through legislation, 147
protection by Constitution, 60See also Discrete and insular minorities
Missouri Compromise (1820), 29, 30
Monaghan, Henry, 144, 155, 157
Moral choices, 251
Moralism, 243, 245
Morality
as instrument of intellectuals’ point of view, 16-17
privatization of, 246, 247-48
Moral philosophy
as argument in Bowers dissent, 120-26
limits to applications in legal reasoning, 253-54
revisionists use in judicial decisions, 252-54, 353-54
of Richards, 210-13
Moral relativism, 243, 244, 245
adopted by Supreme Court, 246
in cases of obscenity and pornography, 248-49
in specific kinds of cases, 247
More, Thomas, 354
Moynihan, Daniel, 284
Murphy, Frank, 56
Nader, Ralph, 291, 323
National Abortion Rights Action League, 284-85, 288-89
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, 325
Legal Defense and Education Fund of, 284
National Organization of Women, 323
National Women’s Law Center, 323
Natural law, 66, 209-10
Neuhaus, Richard John, 354
Neutral derivation of principle, 146-47
Neutrality
in application of legal principle, 78, 147-48, 151
lack in Shelley decision, 151-53
of original understanding, 7
New Deal, 51-53
New Deal Court
decisions for congressional power over commerce, 56
and economic liberty, 56-58
effect of decision in Carolene Products, 58-59, 61
extension of federal power through decisions of, 129, 130
influence of Douglas in, 135-36
opposing views of judicial function, 69
overrules precedent, 156
use of interpretive techniques of earlier Courts, 57
New left, 339-3
Newman, Cardinal, 352
Ninth amendment
, 183-85
Nisbet, Robert, 250
Nixon, Richard M . , 272, 316, 341
Nomination process effect of confirmation hearings on, 345
Nomination to Supreme Court. See Activist groups; Bork, Robert H . ; Confirmation hearings
Nondelegation doctrine, 52
Novak, Michael, 321
Nozick, Robert, 211
Obscenity
bans permitted for, 205
as issue in confirmation hearings, 302
moral relativism in cases dealing with, 248
O’Connor, Sandra Day
on power of federal government to enforce equal protection, 108
in Webster decision, 116
One person, one vote doctrine, 84—85, 89-90
Original understanding
argument of political consequences with, 177-78
Original understanding—Continued
as control on growth of constitutional doctrine, 167
effect of ignoring, 160
effect of nonadherence to, 351-52
of equal protection in fourteenth amendment, 81-83
neutrality of, 7, 146
objection to, 161
opinion in Brown inconsistent with, 77-78
to preserve constitutional design, 155
Packwood, Robert, 281, 285
Pangle, Thomas, 218
Parker, Richard, 207
PAW. See People for the American Way (PAW)
Peck, Gregory, 288, 290, 324, 325
Peckham, Rufus, 43-44, 49
People for the American Way (PAW), 283, 285, 286, 288, 290, 323, 324, 325, 327
Perry, Michael, 216-17
Pickering, John, 22, 24
Planned Parenthood Federation of America, 96, 243n, 289, 291, 323
Podesta, Anthony, 283
Police power, 44-45
Politicization, 1-2
of confirmation process, 279-92
of law, 348-49
of law schools, 348
of legal thought, 135-38
Poll taxes, 90-91, 324, 325
Bork position on, 324
Pornography
as issue in confirmation hearings, 302-5
moral relativism in cases dealing with, 248
position of Richards on, 212
protection under first amendment of, 205
Posner, Richard, 200, 206
Powell, Lewis, 268, 274-75, 277
on precedent, 156
vote to retain Roe, 337
Powell, Thomas Reed, 70
Power to enforce, 108
Precedent
areas of possible overrule, 158-59
attention to, 155
overrule by Court, 156—57
Preferences
gender, 104-6, 110, 246
racial, 103-4, 106-8, 246 See also Quotas
Prejudice, 60-61
Privacy. See Right of privacy
Privileges and Immunities Clause
Ely interpretation of, 180-81
of fourteenth amendment, 36-37, 39, 166, 180
interpretation by Samuel Miller of, 37
Property
interpretation in Slaughter-House Cases, 37-39
slaves as, 30-34
Public Citizen Group, 291, 323, 341
Puddington, Arch, 340
Quotas, 102-3, 107-10
Rabkin, Jeremy, 244, 245
Racial equality
Bork record on, 325
Rago, Henry, 271
Railroad Retirement Act of 1934, 53
Randolph, A. Raymond, 280, 312, 313
Rawls, John, 211
Reagan, Ronald, 177, 267, 273, 277, 292, 311, 313, 345
letter of response to Bork’s resignation letter, 319-20
makes speeches on campaign against Bork, 315
Reed, Stanley, 56
Rehnquist, William, 101
dissent in Weber, 104
exercise of judicial power in Roe decision, 115
joins Scalia in Michael H., 236-37, 240
on prohibition of flag burning, 128
in Webster decision, 116
Rehnquist Court, 130
interpretation of first amendment by, 126-28
interpretation of racial balance in Wards Cove, 109
reinterpretation of Civil Rights Act, 107-10
Reid, Harry, 281
Remington, Clark, 280
Republican form of government, 4, 333
guarantee in Constitution for, 85-87
original understanding of courts in, 153
Reverse discrimination. See Discrimination; Preferences; Quotas
Revisionist judges, 16, 18, 130, 135-36
Reynolds, William Bradford, 280
Ricardo, David, 255
Richards, David A. J . , 210-11
Richardson, Elliott, 272, 308
Right of privacy
as addressed in confirmation hearings, 290-91
in Bowers, 116-26
creation in Griswold of, 97, 110, 220
enforcement mechanism for right of privacy, 209-10
expansion of, 169-70
expansion of coverage through Court interpretation of, 110-26
as freedom from moral regulation, 246
not in Constitution, 113
use in Burger and Rehnquist Courts, 110-11
use in Roe decision, 112
Rights
history of enforcement for, 93
not in Constitution, 39
of self-government and freedom from government, 352-53
Roberts, Owen, 55, 57
Rogers, William P., 308
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 51-54
appointments to Supreme Court by, 55-56
attempts to change Supreme Court, 54
Rostow, Eugene, 249
Rothman, Stanley, 341
Rule of law, 318, 349
Rutledge, Wiley, 56
Sandalow, Terence, 171
Saturday Night Massacre, 272
Saxbe, William, 308
Scalia, Antonin
Bork compared to, 299
on Marshall’s dictum in McCulloch, 387-88n7.4
opinion in American Cyanamid, 328
on respect for precedent, 159
on substantive due process, 236-38, 240
in Webster decision, 116
Schlesinger, Arthur M . , Jr., 69-70, 73, 135, 146
Schlossberg, Herbert, 138
Schmults, Edward, 273
Search and seizure, 118
Secularism, 247
Segregation, racial
Bork position on, 324
and effect of Brown decision, 74—77
and equality, 82
and equal protection clause, 81-82, 147
Self-government, 342, 352
in Madisonian system of government, 139
Senate Judiciary Committee, 55, 296, 346
Senators, Democratic
strategy of opposition to Bork confirmation, 268, 279, 282-93
Separation of church and state, 95
Separation of powers, 4, 139, 342 See also Madisonian dilemma
Shelby, John, 310
Siegan, Bernard, 223
position on economic liberties, 224—25
position on judicial review, 225-29
Simon, Paul, 296, 297, 301
Simpson, Alan, 296, 307, 311, 315-16
opening statement at hearings, 298-99
Slavery
Curtis dissent in Dred Scott, 33-34
as political issue, 28-29
substantive due process used to protect, 30-34, 43
Slaves
guarantee of liberty for freed, 93
as property, 30-34
Smith, Adam, 38, 255
Smith, William French, 273, 308, 331
Southern Democratic senators, 283, 310, 346
Sowell, Thomas, 107
Specter, Arlen, 285, 296, 301
discusses constitutional law with Bork, 305-6
; questioning on freedom of speech guarantee, 301-5
Stare decisis. See Precedent
States
certain rights governed by, 93
degree of autonomy preserved by Constitution for, 4
effect of regulation by, 52-53
protection given by ninth and tenth amendments, 184-85
States’ power
eifect of Supreme Court decisions on, 112
interpretation in Meyer and Pierce, 47-49
Stein, Herbert, 321
Stevens, John Paul, 308n, 330
Stewart, Mrs. Potter, 297
Stewart, Potter, 91
on Harper decision, 324
on legislative apportionment, 87
Stewart, Richard B., 332
Stigler, George, 255
Stone, Harlan, 56
footnote four in Carotene Products opinion, 58-61, 194
Story, Joseph, 5-6y 134, 154, 165, 289
Supreme Court
approval of reverse discrimination, 8
attempts to preserve federalism, 51-53
as counter-majoritarian institution, 130-32
effect of changes in New Deal Court, 61
effect of interpretation of New Deal legislation, 53
effect of left-liberal domination in, 247
force for centralization of governmental power, 129
function under Constitution, 139-41
increasing political nature of, 348
interpretation in Boiling of equal protection clause, 182
legal theorists justification for political behavior of, 12
politicization of, 1-2
and right to abortion, 8
shifting values in decisions of, 130
as symbol of rule of law, 349
threats to power of, 20-21, 54-55
viewed as political institution, 2, 3
Swenson, Rebecca, 280
Tahyar, Meg, 280
Takings clause, 229
Taney, Roger, 28-34, 37, 38
Taney Court, 30-34, 265
Taylor, Harold, 339
Tenth amendment, 52, 184-85
Thirteenth amendment, 36, 202
Thorn burgh, Richard, 308n
Thurmond, Strom, 296, 307
Tribe, Laurence
constitutional theory of, 199-206
departure from Constitution, 207
Trilling, Lionel, 269
Troy, Dan, 280
Tuck, John, 276
Tushnet, Mark, 214
Vietnam War, 340
Vinson, Fred, 75
Voting Rights Act of 1965, 91-92, 324
Warren, Earl, 72, 74, 79, 131
and federal system of representation, 86
and one person, one vote rule, 89-90
Warren Court, 37, 130-32, 135-36, 265
Bickel on, 193
doctrinal foundation of, 61
egalitarianism and redistribution intent of, 72-73, 84
imposition of moral and political uniformity, 129
influence of Douglas in, 135-36
interpretation of due process in Boiling, 83-84
political nature of, 348-49
revenge of, 348-49
revisionist actions of, 130
use of substantive due process by, 83-84
Wattenberg, Ben, 321