by Dexter Hoyos
Delbrück, H. (1920/1975), History of the Art of War in the Framework of Political History,
3rd edn: vol. 1, Antiquity, tr. W. R. Renfroe, Jr. (Westport, CN and London)
Derow, P. S. (1976), ‘The Roman calendar, 218–191 BC’, Phoenix 30, 265–81
de Sanctis, G. (1967–8), Storia dei Romani, 2nd edn, vol. 3 parts 1 and 2 (Florence)
[cited as de Sanctis, 3.1, 3.2]
—— (1969), Storia dei Romani, 2nd edn, vol. 4 part 1 (Florence) [cited as de Sanctis
4.1]
288
B I B L I O G R A P H Y
Develin, R. (1985), The Practice of Politics at Rome 366–167 BC (Brussels: Collection
Latomus 188)
Devijver, H., and Lipinski, E. (eds) (1989), Studia Phoenicia, vol. 10: Punic Wars
(Leuven)
Domínguez-Monedero, A. J. (1986), ‘La campaña de Anibal contra los Vacceos: sus
objetivos y su relación con el inicio de la segunda guerra púnica’, Latomus 45,
241–58
Dyson, S. L. (1985), The C reation of the Roman Frontier (Princeton)
Eckstein, A. M. (1983), ‘Two notes on the chronology of the outbreak of the Hanni-
balic War,’ RhM 126, 255–72
—— (1987), Senate and General: Individual Decision-Making and Roman Foreign Relations,
264–194 BC (Berkeley, Los Angeles and London)
—— (1989), ‘Hannibal at New Carthage: Polybius 3.15 and the power of irrational-
ity’, CP 84, 1–15
Egelhaaf, G. (1922), Hannibal: ein Charakterbild (Stuttgart)
Ennabli, A. (ed.) (1992), Pour Sauver Carthage: exploration et conservation de la cité punique,
romaine et byzantine (Paris and Tunis)
Erdkamp, P. (1998), Hunger and the Sword: Warfare and Food Supply in Roman Republican
Wars (264–30 BC) (Amsterdam)
Erskine, A. (1993), ‘Hannibal and the freedom of the Italians’, Hermes 121, 58–62
Errington, R. M. (1970), ‘Rome and Spain before the Second Punic War’, Latomus 29,
25–57
—— (1971), Dawn of Empire: Rome’s Rise to World Power (London)
Eucken, H.-C. (1968), Probleme der Vorgeschichte des zweiten punischen Krieges (Inaugural
Dissertation, Freiburg im Breisgau)
Fantar, M’hamed Hassine (1995), Carthage: la cité punique (Tunis: Coll. Patrimoine de la
Méditerranée)
Fentress, E. W. B. (1979), Numidia and the Roman Army (Oxford: BAR International
Series 53)
Fernández Castro, María Cruz (1995), Iberia in Prehistory (London)
Fitton Brown, A. D. (1959), ‘After Cannae’, Historia 8, 365–71
Frank, T. (1933), An Economic Survey of Ancient Rome, vol. 1: Rome and Italy of the Republic (Baltimore) [complete series in 5 vols., 1933–40]
Frederiksen, M. (1984), Campania, ed. N. Purcell (Rome)
Goldsworthy, A. (2000), The Punic Wars (London)
González Wagner, C. (1989), ‘The Carthaginians in ancient Spain: from administra-
tive trade to territorial annexation’, in Devijver and Lipinski, 145–56
Görlitz, W. (1970), Hannibal: eine politische Biographie (Stuttgart, Berlin, Cologne and
Mainz)
Groag, E. (1929), Hannibal als Politiker (Vienna [anastatic reprint Rome 1967])
Gruen, E. S. (1984), The Hellenistic World and the Coming of Rome, 2 vols (Berkeley, Los
Angeles and London)
Gsell, S., Histoire ancienne de l’Afrique du Nord, 2nd edn: vol. 2, L’État carthaginois; vol. 3, Histoire militaire de Carthage (Paris 1921–4) [cited as Gsell, HAAN]
Guadán, A. M. de (1969), La Numismática Ibérica e Ibero-Romana (Madrid)
Hahn, I. (1974), ‘Die Hellenisierung Karthagos und die punisch griechischen
Beziehungen im 4. Jahrhundert v.u.Z.’, in Elizabeth Welskopf (ed.), Hellenische
Poleis (4 vols), 2.841–54
289
B I B L I O G R A P H Y
Hallward, B. L. (1930), ‘Hannibal’s invasion of Italy’ (chap. II), ‘The Roman defen-
sive’ (chap. III), ‘Scipio and victory’ (chap. IV), ‘The fall of Carthage’ (chap. XV,
sections I–IV), in CAH 1 8.25–115, 466–84
Hampl, F. (1983–4), ‘Einige Probleme der Forschung zum Hannibalischen Krieg in
alter und neuerer Sicht’, in Studi Annibalici, 9–29
Hans, L.-M. (1983), Karthago und Sizilien: Die Entstehung und Gestaltung der Epikratie . . .
(VI.–III. Jahrhundert v. Chr.) (Hildesheim: Historische Texte und Studien 7)
—— (1991), ‘L’immagine di Amilcare Barca presso i Romani’, in Atti del II Congresso
Internazionali di Studi Fenici e Punici, Roma 9–14 Novembre 1987, 2 vols (Rome),
1.113–17
Harris, W. V. (1971), R ome in Etruria and Umbria (Oxford)
—— (1979), War and Imperialism in Republican Rome, 327–70 BC (Oxford)
Harrison, R. J. (1988), Spain at the Dawn of History (London)
Historia de España (1982): Á. Montenegro Duque and J. M. Blázquez Martínez (eds.),
Historia de España, 2nd edn, vol. 2 part 1: España Romana (218 a. de JC–414 de JC):
La Conquista y la Explotación Económica (Madrid)
Hoffmann, W. (1941), ‘Ein Papyrusfund zum Frieden von 203’, Hermes 76, 270–82
—— (1957/1974), ‘Hannibal und Rom’, in Christ, 40–74 [= Antike und Abendland 6
(1957) 7–26]
—— (1961/1974), ‘Hannibal und Sizilien,’ in Christ, 335–57 [= Hermes 89 (1961)
478–94]
—— (1962), Hannibal (Göttingen)
Howgego, C. (1995), Ancient History from Coins (London)
Hoyos, B. D. (1983), ‘Hannibal: what kind of genius?’, Greece and Rome 30, 171–80
—— (1994), ‘Barcid “proconsuls” and Punic politics, 237–218 BC’, RhM 137,
246–72
—— (1998), Unplanned Wars: The Origins of the First and Second Punic Wars (Berlin and
New York: Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 50)
—— (1999), ‘A modern view of Carthage’s “Truceless War” (241–237 BC)’,
review-discussion of Loreto (1995), in Electronic Antiquity 5.1: see
lib.vt.edu/ejournals/ElAnt/V5N1/loreto.html>
—— (2000a), ‘Towards a chronology of the “Truceless War”, 241–237 BC’, RhM
143, 369–80
—— (2000b), ‘Maharbal’s bon mot: authenticity and survival,’ CQ 50, 610–14
—— (2001a), ‘Polybius and the papyrus: the persuasiveness of P. Rylands 3.491’,
Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik 134, 71–9
—— (2001b), ‘Generals and annalists: geographic and chronological obscurities in
the Scipios’ campaigns in Spain, 218–211 BC’, Klio 83, 68–92
—— (2001c), ‘Identifying Hamilcar Barca’s heights of Heircte’, Historia 50, 490–5
—— (2002), ‘Hannibal’s Olcades’, Habis 33, 131–40
Huss, W. (1979), ‘Die Stellung des rb im karthagischen Senat’, Zeitschrift der Deutschen
Morgenländischen Gesellschaft 129, 217–32
—— (1983), ‘Der karthagische Sufetat’, in Althistorische Studien H. Bengtson zum 70.
Geburtstag Dargebracht, ed. H. Heinen (Wiesbaden: Historia-Einzelschrift 43), 24–43
—— (1985), Geschichte der Karthager (Munich: Handbuch der Altertumswissenschaft,
Abteilung 3, Teil 8)
—— (1989), ‘Der panafrikanische Gedanke im zweiten römischen Krieg’, in Devi-
jver and Lipinski, 185–91
290
B I B L I O G R A P H Y
—— (1991), ‘Probleme der karthagischen Verfassung’, in Atti del II Congresso Inter-
nazionale di Studi Fenici e Punici, Roma, 9–14 Novembre 19
87, ed. E. Acquaro et al., 3
vols (Rome), 1.117–30
Jacob, P. (1985), ‘Notes sur la toponymie grecque de la côte méditerranéenne de l’Es-
pagne antique’, Ktema 10, 247–71
Jacobs, M. (1990), A Guide to Andalusia (London)
Jacoby, F., Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker: several vols, texts and commentary
(Berlin, 1923–58)
Jenkins, G. K., and Lewis, R. B. (1963), Carthaginian Gold and Electrum Coins (London)
Kahrstedt, U. (1913), Geschichte der Karthager, vol. 3 (Berlin) [see also Meltzer]
Der Kleine Pauly: Lexicon der Antike, ed. K. Ziegler and W. Sontheimer, 5 vols (Munich
1975)
Knapp, R. C. (1980), ‘Cato in Spain, 195/194 BC: chronology and geography’, in Stud-
ies in Latin Literature and Roman History, vol. 2, ed. C. Deroux (Brussels), 21–56
Kotula, T. (1983–4), ‘Hannibal-Sufet und seine vermeintlich demokratische Reform
in Karthago’, in Studi Annibalici, 87–101 [revised version of article in Polish in Eos
57 (1967/8)]
Kromayer, J. (1909/1974), ‘Hannibal als Staatsmann’, in Christ, 241–74 [= HZ 103
(1909) 237–73]
Kromayer, J., and Veith, G. (1912), Antike Schlachtfelder, vol. 3: Italien und Afrika
(Berlin) [cited as Kromayer and Veith, AS]
Kukofka, D.-A. (1990), S üditalien im zweiten punischen Krieg (Frankfurt am Main, Bern,
New York and Paris)
La Bua, V. (1966), Filino–Polibio Diodoro–Sileno (Palermo)
Lancel, S. (1992), Carthage (Paris) (= Carthage: A History, Eng. tr. A. Nevill (London
1995))
—— (1995), Hannibal [cited as Lancel, Hann.]
Lancel, S., Robine, S., and Thuillier, J.-P. (1980), ‘Town-planning and domestic archi-
tecture of the early second century BC on the Byrsa, Carthage’, in Pedley, 13–27
Lautensach, H. (1964), Die Iberische Halbinsel (Munich)
Lazenby, J. (1978), Hannibal’s War: A Military History (Warminster)
—— (1996), The First Punic War (London)
Lehmann, G. A. (1974), ‘Polybios und die ältere und zeitgenössische griechische
Geschichtsschreibung: einige Bemerkungen’, in Entretiens sur l’antiquité classique
(Fondation Hardt), vol. 20: Polybe (Vandœuvres-Geneva) 145–200
Lehmann, K. (1905), Die Angriffe der Drei Barkiden nach Italien (Leipzig)
Leidl, C. G. (1993), ‘Appians “Annibaike”’, ANRW 34.1, 428–62
Liddell Hart, B. H. (1926), A Greater than Napoleon: Scipio Africanus (Edinburgh and
London) [facsimile repr. New York 1994]
Lippold, A. (1963), Consules: Untersuchungen zur Geschichte des römischen Konsulates von
264 bis 201 v. Chr. (Bonn: Antiquitas, Reihe 1: Abhandlungen zur alten
Geschichte 8)
Loreto, L. (1995), La Grande Insurrezione Libica contro Cartagine del 241–237 a.C.
(Rome: Mélanges de l’École française de Rome 211)
Luce, T. J. (1977), Livy: The Composition of His History (Princeton)
Ma, J. (1999), Antiochus III and the Cities of Western Asia Minor (Oxford)
McDonald, A. H., and Walbank, F. W. (1969), ‘The treaty of Apamea (188 BC): the
naval clauses’, JRS 59, 30–9
291
B I B L I O G R A P H Y
McKnight, S. (1998), ‘Cannae, 2 August 216 BC: the double envelopment’, in J. Pim-
lott (ed.), The Hutchinson Atlas of Battle Plans: Before and After (Oxford), 3–14
Manni, E. (1981), G eografia fisica e politica della Sicilia antica (Rome: Testimonia Siciliae
Antiquae I.1)
—— (1990), ‘Su alcune recenti proposte d’identificazione di centri antichi della
Sicilia’, Sikelika kai Italika [Rome], 1.355–67
Mantel, N. (1991), Poeni Foedifragi: Untersuchungen zur Darstellung römisch-karthagischer
Verträge zwischen 241 und 201 v. Chr. durch die römische Historiographie (Munich:
Münchener Arbeiten zur alten Geschichte 4)
Marino, R. (1988), La Sicilia dal 241 al 210 a.C. ([Rome]: Testimonia Siciliae Antiquae
I.12)
Mattingly, D. J. (1994), Tripolitania (Ann Arbor, MI)
Meltzer, O. (1879, 1896), Geschichte der Karthager, 2 vols (Berlin)
Millán León, J. (1986), ‘La batalla de Ilipa’, Habis 17, 283–303
Miller, K. (1916/1964), Itineraria Romana: Römische Reiswege an der Hand der Tabula
Peutingeriana (Stuttgart 1916, reprinted Rome 1964)
Mommsen, T., The History of Rome, tr. W. P. Dickson (London 1880–1) [cited as
Mommsen, HR]
Montenegro Duque, Á. (1982): see Historia de España
Morgan, M. G. (1977), ‘Calendars and chronology in the First Punic War’, Chiron 7,
89–117
Müller, C. (1883), Claudii Ptolemaei Geographia: Libri I–V (Paris)
—— (1855/1965), Geographi Graeci Minores, 3 vols (orig. edn Paris 1855; reprinted
Hildesheim 1965)
Nicolet, C. (1977–8) (ed.) Rome et la conquête du monde méditerranéen, 2 vols (Paris: L’His-
toire et ses Problèmes 8)
Niemeyer, H.-G., Rindelaub, A. and Schmidt, K. (1996), Karthago: die alte Han-
delsmetropole: eine archäologische Grabung (Hamburg)
Oxford Classical Dictionary, 3rd edn, ed. S. Hornblower and A. Spawforth (Oxford
1996) [cited as OCD 3]
Peddie, J. (1997), Hannibal’s War (Phoenix Mill, Glos.)
Pedley, J. G. (ed.) (1980), New Light on Ancient Carthage (Ann Arbor, MI)
Picard, G. C. (1961), Daily Life at Carthage in the Time of Hannibal [tr. A. E. Foster]
(London) [orig. French edn 1958]
—— (1963), ‘Les sufètes de Carthage dans Tite-Live et Cornelius Nepos’, RÉL 41,
269–81
—— (1964), Carthage, English tr. by M. and L. Kochan (London) [orig. French edn
1956]
—— (1966), ‘L’administration territoriale de Carthage’, in Mélanges offerts à André
Piganiol (Paris), 3.1257–65
—— (1967), Hannibal (Paris)
—— (1968), ‘La révolution démocratique de Carthage’, Conférences de la Société des
Études Latines de Bruxelles 1965–66 (Brussels 1968) 113–30
—— (1983–4), ‘Hannibal hégémon hellénistique’, in Studi Annibalici, 75–81
Picard, G. C. and Picard, C. (1968), The Life and Death of Carthage (London) [cited as
Picard and Picard, LDC]
—— (1983), Karthago: Leben und Kultur [revised German edn of Picard (1961): tr.
I. Miller] (Stuttgart)
292
B I B L I O G R A P H Y
Proctor, Sir D. (1971), Hannibal’s March in History (Oxford)
Rakob, F. (1992), ‘L’habitat ancien et le système urbanistique’, in Ennabli, 28–37
Rankov, B. (1996), ‘The Second Punic War at sea’, in Cornell, Rankov and Sabin,
49–57
Rawlings, L. (1996), ‘Celts, Spaniards and Samnites: warriors in a soldiers’ war’, in
Cornell, Rankov and Sabin, 81–95
Rich, J. W. (1976), Declaring War in the Roman Republic in the Age of Transmarine Expansion
(Brussels: Collection Latomus 149)
—— (1996), ‘The origins of the Second Punic War’, in Cornell, Rankov and Sabin,
1–37
Richardson, J. S. (1986), Hispaniae: Spain and the Development of Roman Imperialism,
218–82 BC (Cambridge)
—— (1996), The Romans in Spain (Cambridge, MA)
Ridley, R. T. (1987), History of Rome: A Documented Analysis (Rome: Problemi e
Ricerche di Storia Antica 8)
Roberts, C. H. (1938), Catalogue of the Greek and Latin
Papyri in the John Rylands Library,
Manchester, vol. 3: Theological and Literary Texts (nos 457–551) (Manchester)
Robinson, E. S. (1956/1978), ‘Punic coins of Spain and their bearing on the Roman
Republican series’, in R. A. G. Carson and C. H. V. Sutherland (eds), Essays on
Roman Coinage Presented to H. Mattingly (Oxford 1956; separately reprinted, Chicago
1978) [cited from the 1978 offprint]
Rouillard, P. (1982), ‘Les colonies grecques du sud-est de la péninsule ibérique: état
de la question’, La Parola del Passato 37, 417–31
Ruiz Rodríguez, A. (1997), ‘The Iron Age Iberian peoples of the upper Guadalquivir
valley’, in M. Díaz-Andrieu and S. Keay (eds.), The Archaeology of Iberia: The Dynam-
ics of Change (London and New York), 175–91
Sabin, P. (1996), ‘The mechanics of battle in the Second Punic War’, in Cornell,
Rankin and Sabin, 59–77
Salmon, E. T. (1982), The Making of Roman Italy (London)
Samuels, M. (1990), ‘The reality of Cannae’, Militärische Mitteilungen (Freiburg-im-
Bremen) 47, 7–29
Sanctis, de: see de Sanctis
Santosuosso, A. (1997), Soldiers, Citizens and the Symbols of War: From Classical Greece to
Republican Rome, 500–167 BC (Boulder, CO)
Scardigli, B. (1991), I Trattati Romano-Cartaginesi: Introduzione, edizione critica, traduzione,
commento e indici (Pisa)
Schmitt, H. H., Die Staatsverträge des Altertums, vol. 3 (1969) [cited as Schmitt, SVA]
Schulten, A. (1935), Fontes Hispaniae Antiquae, vol. 3: Las Guerras de 237–154 ADJC
(Barcelona) [cited as Schulten, FHA]
—— (1952), Fontes Hispaniae Antiquae, vol. 6: Estrabón, Geografía de Iberia (Barcelona)
Schwarte, K.-H. (1983), Der Ausbruch des zweiten punischen Krieges: Rechtsfrage und Über-
lieferung (Wiesbaden: Historia-Einzelschriften 43)
Scullard, H. H. (1970), Scipio Africanus: Soldier and Politician (London)
—— (1973) Roman Politics, 220–150 BC, 2nd edn (Oxford) [cited as Scullard, RP]
—— (1974), The Elephant in the Greek and Roman World (London)
—— (1980), A History of Rome 753–146 BC, 4th edn (London)
—— ‘Carthage and Rome,’ chapter 11 in CAH 2 7.2.486–569
—— (1989b), ‘The Carthaginians in Spain,’ chapter 2 in CAH 2 8.17–43
293
B I B L I O G R A P H Y
Seibert, J. (1989), ‘Zur logistik des Hannibal-Feldzuges: Nachschub über die Alpen?’,
in Devijver and Lipinski, 213–21