by Dexter Hoyos
Hannibal Monomachus, 88, 107, 124, 186
Fulvius Flaccus, Q., 145, 150
Hannibal son of Hamilcar Barca, passim
Fundanius, C., 16
Hannibal (trierarch in 214), 131
Furius Purpureo, L. (consul in 196), 190,
Hannibal’s inscription, 106, 159, 213, 216
199
Hannibal’s oath, see oath-story
‘Hannibal’s quarter’ (at Carthage), 197
Gabès, gulf of, 27
Hannibal’s tomb (Bithynia), 206
Gades, 25, 45, 55–8, 63, 65–6, 73, 80, 87,
Hanno (admiral in 241), 17–18, 30
107, 152, 156, 231
Hanno (Carthaginian name), 21
Gaesati, 111
Hanno (commandant in north-east Spain),
Gaia (Numidian king), 153, 226
103, 106, 108, 137–8, 227
Gallaecians (Spain), 56
Hanno (general in Sicily in 212), 131
Gauls, 11–12, 16, 24, 61–2, 81–2, 100–1,
Hanno son of Bomilcar (Hannibal’s
103–4, 109–12, 114–15, 118–20, 128,
nephew), 21, 88, 109, 128–31, 135–6,
137, 145–8, 211, 228, 234
147–8, 150, 154, 163–4, 172, 186, 223,
Gelo (son of Hiero II), 124
229, 234
generals, election of, 2, 30–1, 39, 43, 47,
Hanno son of Hamilcar (officer in North
73, 75, 77, 87, 118
Africa in 205–204), 142
Genua, 154
Hanno the Great, 22, 35–46, 48–9, 51, 59,
Gerunium, 118
73–4, 78, 85, 87–8, 103, 107, 118, 130,
‘Gestar’, 51
142, 156–8, 163–4, 183, 200, 207, 211
Gisco (Carthaginian in 202/201), 178, 181,
Hanno the Great (fourth century), 32, 71
186, 216
Hasdrubal (admiral in 203), 170–1, 173–4
Gisco (Carthaginian name), 21
Hasdrubal (Carthaginian name), 21
Gisco (officer at Cannae), 88, 118, 216,
Hasdrubal (Hannibal’s brother), 32, 66,
220
88–9, 100, 102, 111, 116, 118, 130, 134,
299
I N D E X
141, 144–50, 152, 178, 181, 186, 209,
161, 167, 176–7, 179–81, 185, 187,
219, 227, 235
194–5, 235
Hasdrubal ‘the Bald’, 131
independence, alleged Barcid, 2, 52, 78–80
Hasdrubal ‘the Kid’, 157, 180, 182–3
Indibilis, 84, 108, 138–40, 144
Hasdrubal son of Gisco, 3, 51, 77, 131,
Indortes (Spanish leader), 58, 71
137, 139–40, 142–5, 152–6, 158, 160–2,
Insubres, 104, 110–11
172, 175, 178, 182, 184, 186, 207, 221,
Intercatia (Spain), 91
235
Iol, 25
Hecatompylus (Theveste, Tebessa), 10, 45
Ionian Sea, 135, 156, 204
Heircte, Mount, 7, 12–15, 20, 71, 233
Istolatius (Spanish leader), 57–8
Helice, 65, 68–71, 73
Italium, 13
Hellín, see Ilunum
Italy, southern, 117, 126, 130–3, 135–6,
Helmantice, see Hermandica
145–7, 155, 159, 186, 209, 234–5
Hemeroscopeion (Dianium, Spain), 226
Heraclea, 124, 135
Jaén, see Aurgi
Herdonea, 122, 128, 135–7, 141, 234
Jason of Pherae, 32
Hermandica (Salamanca), 90–1, 96
Júcar, see Sucro
Hibera, battle of, 132, 134, 138, 140, 144,
Jugurtha, 199
234
Junius Pera, M., 120
Hiero II of Syracuse, 8–9, 12–13, 18–19,
Junius Silanus, M., 152
37, 75, 94, 124, 233–4
Justin, 4, 32, 220–1, 231
Hieronymus, king of Syracuse, 124, 131,
134, 234
kings, Carthaginian, 29, 31–2, 51
High Mightinesses, the (Dutch States-
General), 30
La Mancha, plains of, 65, 68, 84, 90
Himilco (Barcid ally in 216; father of
Lacetani (north-east Spain), 108
Maharbal?), 51, 88
‘Lady of Elche’, 56
Himilco (Carthaginian name), 21
Laelius, C., 120, 156, 160, 162, 166–9, 173,
Himilco (commander in Sicily in 213), 131
177–8
Himilco (general sent to Spain in 216),
Larinum, 147, 229
169139
Lascuta (Spain), 73
Hippo Zarytos (Hippou Acra), 64
Latium, 25, 120
Hippocrates (Hannibal’s agent), 130–1,
Lentulus, see Cornelius Lentulus, L.
134, 234
Lepcis Magna, 25, 27, 79, 196, 206, 224–5
Hippou Acra, 25, 27, 31, 34, 36, 38–40,
Leptis Minor, 27,43, 172, 224–5
42–4, 47–8, 51, 64,130–1, 161, 206, 225
Lesser Syrtes, 27, 44, 224
Hirpini, 122
Libya, Libyans, 1, 10–11, 25, 27–9, 31,
Hispalis (Seville), 155
34–9, 41–6, 48, 71, 73, 85, 106, 112,
Horace, 210
182, 196, 211, 225–6
Liguria, Ligurians, 61, 94, 146, 154, 157,
Iber (river), 68, 102, 103, see also Ebro
179, 204, 235
Iberians, 45–6, 56, 74–5
Lilybaeum, 8, 10, 12–14, 17–19, 38, 159
Ilercavones (Spain), 79
Lipara Islands, 19
Ilerda (Lleida, Lérida), 108
Livius Salinator, M., 107, 146, 148–50, 169,
Ilergetes, 84, 108, 144
230
Ilici, 65, 68–9, 80
Lixus, 25
Ilipa, 152, 155, 157, 178, 219, 235
Lleida, Lérida, see Ilerda
Iliturgi (Spain), 79, 140
Locri, 12, 121–3, 127–8, 132, 145–6, 150,
Illyria, Illyrians, 63, 98, 100, 124, 126, 134,
152, 159, 228, 234
211
Longane, 13
Ilucia (Spain), 68
Longon, 13
Ilunum (Hellín?, Spain), 68–9
Lucania, Lucanians, 122–3, 128, 135–7,
‘Ilurgetes’, 108
145–7, 150, 159, 219, 229
Imilce (Hannibal’s wife), 2, 88, 206
Lucentum, 63–5
indemnity, 9, 18–19, 23, 28, 38, 45, 55, 61,
Luceria, 132
300
I N D E X
Lusitania, Lusitanians, 56, 83
Melqart, 27, 72, 87, 107–8
Lutatius Catulus, C., 16–19, 37–8, 50, 61,
mercenaries, 1, 12–13, 16, 19, 23, 25–6, 29,
167, 169–70, 180
34–9, 44–9, 57, 67, 70–1, 73, 84, 95–6,
118, 128, 172, 175, 177, 179, 182, 196,
Macedon, 28, 32, 71, 74–5, 105, 124–5,
206–7, 211, 216, 219, 223, 234
132, 134, 141, 154, 183, 188, 199, 202,
merchants, see trade, traders
204–5, 209, 213, 215, 234–5, see also
‘Mesotylus’, see Mazaetullus
Philip V of Macedon
Messana, 8, 13, 159, 233
Macomades (New Place), 79
Metapontum, 124, 135, 137, 146–7, 150,
Mactar, 225
234
Magius, Decius (Capuan dissident), 122
Metaurus, battle of the, 149–50, 152,
Mago (sixth-century ruler), 32, 233
156–7, 230, 235
Mago (Barcid relative), 51
Metellus, see Caecilius Metellus, Q.
Mago (Carth
aginian name), 21
mhsbm ‘the accountables’ (Latin quaestores),
Mago (Hannibal’s brother), 22, 66, 88, 114,
191, 231
119, 121–2, 128, 130–1, 137, 139–40,
Micatani (Numidia), 44
142, 149, 152–6, 164–7, 169, 171–3,
Mighty Ones, see senate, Carthaginian
181, 189, 197, 204, 206, 209, 231, 235
mines, Punic, 58, 64, 71, 225
Mago the Samnite, 51, 86, 145, 186, 189
Minucius Rufus, M., 117, 218
Magonids, 32–3, 45, 57, 63, 71, 206, 233
mistress, Hannibal’s (alleged), 219
Maharbal, 51, 88, 98, 115, 119–20, 131,
Mithridates VI of Pontus, 210, 218
186
molk (child sacrifice), 27
Maharbal’s proposal to Hannibal, 119–20,
monopoly of trade, alleged Punic, 26
214, 220
Mons Idubeda, see Cordillera Ibérica
Mahón (Minorca), 197
Mons Marianus, see Sierra Morena
Malaca, 25, 65, 73
Mons Victoriae (Spain), 69
Malchus, 32, 105, 233
Monte Castellaccio (Sicily), 8
Malta, 50
Monte Gallo (Sicily), 8
Mamertines, 8–9, 13, 95–6
Monte Pecoraro (Sicily), 8
Mandonius, 84, 138–9, 144
Monte Pellegrino (Sicily), 8
Maqom-hadasht, see Macomades
Mottones, 131
march on Rome (Hannibal’s in 211), 136
Murcia, 59
march to Italy (Hannibal’s), 87, 98–113,
208–9, 216, 227–8, 234
Nabeul (Neapolis, Punic North Africa), 79
march to Italy (Hasdrubal’s), 111, 144,
Naples, see Neapolis (Naples)
146–51, 235
Napoleon (in 1812), 110
march-speeds, 108
Naravas, 25, 38, 44, 44, 52, 59, 71, 153,
marriages, Barcid, 2, 25, 38, 52, 74, 88, 189,
172, 223, 226
223, 226
Narnia, 148–9
Masaesyli (Numidia), 60, 153
naval ports at Carthage, 2–3, 24, 89, 105,
Masinissa, 120, 140, 153, 160–2, 172,
130, 165, 196, 223–4
174–81, 183, 187–8, 198–202, 208, 216,
navy, Carthaginian, see fleets, Carthaginian
224, 226, 235
Neapolis (Lepcis Magna), 79
massacre by Hannibal in 203 (alleged), 171,
Neapolis (Punic North Africa), 79
219
Neapolis (Naples), 26, 128, 132, 135, 180
Massilia, 26, 61, 64, 226
Neapolis (at Carthage), 79
Massyli (Numidia), 59–60, 153, 226
Nepos, 2, 4, 21, 52, 59, 71, 181–2, 189,
Mastia Tarseiou (New Carthage), 45, 64–5,
190–1, 194, 196, 200, 204, 219–20, 231
79–80
New Carthage (Cartagena), 2, 45, 64,
Mathos (Libyan rebel leader), 38, 40–2, 44
79–81, 84–6, 90–3, 97, 99, 101–2, 104,
Mazaetullus, 153, 172
106–8, 112, 138, 143–4, 153, 213,
Mediolanum (Milan), 111, 114
218–19, 225, 234–5
meeting between Hannibal and Scipio,
niece of Hannibal (in 206, name
176–7
unknown), 52, 153, 172, 223, 226
Megara, Carthage suburb, 24, 28, 225
Nola, 123–4, 128, 132, 135
301
I N D E X
North Italy, see Cisalpine Gaul
Plutarch, 4, 88, 145, 220, 231
Nrwt (Naravas?), 226
Po (river), 81, 94, 114, 146
Nuceria, 124, 128, 135
Poenulus, comedy by Plautus, 185
Numantia, 70
Polyaenus, 221
Numidia, 28, 45, 49, 52, 60, 66, 76, 142,
Pompeius Trogus, 221, see also Justin
152, 157, 161–2, 175, 180, 208, 226, 235
population, 9, 28, 41, 72, 129, 225–6
Numidian kings and princes, 2, 14, 22,
Porcius Cato, M. (the Censor), 61, 71–2,
25–6, 44, 86, 140, 153, 172, 189, 223
119, 198, 206, 210, 214
Numidians, 10, 25, 34, 36, 38, 44–5, 59, 66,
privateers, 10–11
74, 86, 105–6, 118, 128–9, 135, 147,
Prusa (Bithynia), 206, 210
153, 160, 162, 201, 235
Prusias, 206, 210
Numistro (battle), 128, 135, 137, 141, 235
Ptolemy (geographer), 69, 74, 79, 222
Ptolemy II, 10
oath-story, Hannibal’s, 53–4, 61–2, 87, 203,
‘Punic apples’, 28
219, 221
Puteoli, 124, 132, 135
Oea, 224
Pyrenees, 55, 82–3, 92, 94, 102–3, 106–12,
Oezalces, 52, 153, 172, 223, 226
137, 209, 227
Olcades, 84, 86, 89–91, 97, 227, 234
Pyrgi, 25
‘old Carthage’ (Spain), 79
Pyrrhus, 75, 125, 168, 210, 233
One Hundred and Four, tribunal of, 30,
32, 35, 77–8, 143, 158, 164, 183–5, 188,
Qart-hadasht (‘New City’), 24, 79–90
191–3, 195–6, 198, 200, 207, 212
‘quaestor’ (at Carthage), see mhsbm
Onusa, 108
Quinctius Crispinus, T. (consul in 208),
‘order of judges’, 31, 77, 143, 158, 216, see
145
also One Hundred and Four, tribunal of
Oretani, Oretes, Orissi, 67–8, 70, 73–4, 84,
rab (Punic title), 30, 231
90, 97–8
rab kohanim (chief of priests), 231
Orongis (Aurgi, Aurinx, Jaén?), 69
raids, 10, 12–13, 15, 17, 44, 89, 113, 141,
Orosius, 4, 48, 221
155, 171, 186
Ostia, 50, 119–21
razors, ritual, 28
recruitment in Italy, Hannibal’s, 128–9
Pacuvius Calavius, 120, 123
Regulus, 9, 18–19, 26–7, 33, 67, 113, 157,
Paestum, 132
166, 233
Pallantia, 91
reinforcements to Hannibal, 109, 121,
Panormus, 7, 12–14, 25
128–30
papyrus fragment ( P. Rylands 491), 168,
Reshep, 27
173–4, 213, 231
revenge-war theory, 61–2, 68, 72, 78, 81,
Pausanias, 222
88, 95, 216
peace of 203 (abortive), 167–70, 172–3,
revenues, 10–11, 23, 27–8, 45, 71–2, 141,
176, 180, 235
181, 184–5, 194–6, 224–5
Peisistratus, 78
Rhegium, 123, 132, 136, 146
pentarchies (Carthage), 30, 182, 184, 212
Rhodes, 28, 205, 207
Pentri, 122, 132
Rhône, 103–6, 109–11, 209, 216
Perseus, king of Macedon, 199, 202
Río Tinto, 56
Petelia, 124, 127, 229
‘royal trench’ ( fossa regia), 180
Philinus, 212–13, 217
Ruscino (Perpignan), 109
Philip II of Macedon, 71–2, 74, 132
Rusicade, 25
Philip V of Macedon, 121, 124–7, 134,
145, 155, 157, 183, 188, 204, 213, 234–5
Sabratha, 224
Phoenicia, 15, 21, 24–5, 27, 71, 189
‘sacred council’ (Carthage), 30, 164, 166
Phoenician Trenches, 180
Saguntum, Saguntines, 2, 56, 62, 84, 92–7,
Phormio, 203
98–101, 107, 140, 208, 210, 213, 218,
Pisae, 115
220, 226, 234
Placentia, 114, 146
Salamanca, 80
Pliny the Elder, 85, 180, 206, 333, 334
Salapia, 122, 128, 132, 137, 145
302
I N D E X
Saltigi (Chincilla, Spain), 69
spies, 104, 169, 176
Samnium, Samnites, 8, 102, 117, 122–3,
States-General, Dutch, 30
127–8, 132–3, 135–6, 145
Stephanus of Byzantium, 80, 222, 226
Sardinia, 2, 9, 18, 23, 25–6, 29, 38, 44–5,
Strabo, 28–9, 59, 64, 79, 222, 225–6
47, 51, 53, 55, 60–2, 80–2, 93, 96, 99,
straits of Gibraltar, 25, 55, 80
105, 115, 127, 129–30, 132, 134, 141,
stratagems, Hannibalic, 114–15, 117–18,
159, 176, 199, 211, 216, 219, 233
137, 218
Saw, The (mountain ridge?), 41–2, 58, 71
strategos autokrator (Hasdrubal in Spain),
Scipio, see Cornelius Scipio
74–5
Segesta, 9
Sucro (Júcar river, Spain), 64, 84, 226
Segisa (Spain), 69–70
sufete, sufetes, 30–1, 51, 97, 182, 184,
Segura (river), see Tader
187–200, 207, 216–17, 231, 35, see also
Sempronius Gracchus, Ti., 128, 135, 219
shouphetim, sptm
Sempronius Longus, Ti., 104, 112–13
Sulla (Roman dictator), 214
Sena Gallica, 149
‘supreme general’ (title), 74, see also strategos
senate, Carthaginian, 22, 29–31, 39, 51–2,
autokrator
56, 76–7, 79, 107, 119, 130–1, 164–6,
Syphax, 60, 120, 139, 142–3, 153, 157,
173, 178, 184, 186, 188, 192, 197–200,
160–2, 164, 167–8, 171–2, 175, 199,
207
206, 235
Senate, Roman, 48, 50, 61, 97, 99, 112, 125,
Syria, 189–90, 198
145–6, 148, 157, 165–72, 174–5, 183,
199, 218
Tader (river, Spain), 68, 71
Septimius Severus (Roman emperor), 4,
Tagus (river), 56, 68–9, 71, 83–4, 90–2,
206
138, 218–19
Servilius Caepio, Cn. (envoy in 195), 197–9
Tanit pene Ba’al, 27
Servilius Geminus, Cn., 115
Tarentum, 28, 81, 121, 123–4, 128–9,
shouphetim, sptm, 30, see also sufete
135–7, 141, 143, 145–7, 155, 207, 224,
Sicels, 9
234–5
Side (Pamphylia), 205
Tarraco, 108, 138, 144
sieges, Hannibal’s limitations in, 91, 98,
Tarshish, Tartessians, Tartessus, 56–8,
119–20, 138
138–9, 227
Sierra Morena, 57–9, 65, 68–70, 85, 88
Taurini, 111
Sierra Nevada, 59
tax, taxes (Punic), 10–11, 25, 27, 38–9, 127,
Siga, 153
164, 185, 194–6, 206, 224–5
Silenus, 67, 75, 101, 108, 111, 116, 132,
Teanum, 120
170, 181, 186, 190, 213–14, 217, 220,
Tebessa, see Hecatompylus
227, 229
Terentius Culleo, Q., 190
