61 Jones, Del, and Barbara Hansen. “Companies Do More with Less.” USA Today. August 12, 2003.
CHAPTER 3: THE QUIET ECONOMIC MIRACLE
1 “Economic Portrait of the European Union 2002.” European Commission. 2002. p. 55.
2 Ibid. p. 74; Patten, Christopher. “The European Union and the World.” In Guttman, Robert J. Europe in the New Century: Visions of an Emerging Superpower. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2001. p. 79.
3 “United Nations Human Development Report 2002: Deepening Democracy in a Fragmented World.” United Nations Development Program. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 2002. Sec. 3, p. 15.
4 “Main Economic Indicators: Gross Domestic Product.” OECD. February 2004. www.oecd.org; “Current Dollar and Real Gross Domestic Product.” Bureau of Economic Analysis. March 25, 2004.
5 “The World Economic Outlook (WEO) Database: Selected World Aggregates.” International Monetary Fund. April 2003. www.imf.org
6 “The World Economic Outlook (WEO): GDP Current Prices.” International Monetary Fund. April 2003.
7 “Trans-European Networks.” European Commission. August 8, 2002. www.europa.eu.int
8 “The Europe of Knowledge.” Le Magazine: Education and Culture in Europe. Issue 18. 2002. pp. 14-15.
9 Thomas, Daniel. “Offshore Gartner Urges Users to Consider New EU States as Potential Offshore Outsourcing Destinations.” Computer Weekly. March 9, 2004.
10 Aoki, Naomi. “Gillette to Build a Plant in Poland, Jobs Would Be Shifted from Germany, Britain.” The Boston Globe. March 17, 2004.
11 “Dollar Weakens, G7 Warning Dismissed.” Reuters. February 10, 2004.
12 McCartney, Robert J. “Global Anxiety Propels Euro Above Dollar.” The Washington Post. January 31, 2003.
13 Monbiot, George. “The Bottom Dollar.” The Guardian. Tuesday, April 22, 2003.
14 “The Not-So Mighty Dollar.” The Economist. December 6, 2003.
15 Becker, Elizabeth, and Edmund L. Andrews. “I.M.F. Says Rise in U.S. Debts Is Threat to World’s Economy.” The New York Times. January 8, 2004.
16 “Statement on the President’s Fiscal Year 2005 Budget by Office of Management and Budget Director Joshua B. Bolten Before the Committee on the Budget United States House of Representatives.” Executive Office of the President. February 3, 2004; Andrews, Edmund L. “G-7 Statement Signals Worry About Dollar.” The New York Times. February 8, 2004.
17 Becker, Elizabeth, and Edmund L. Andrews. “I.M.F. Says Rise in U.S. Debts Is Threat to World’s Economy.”
18 Ibid.
19 “A Comparison of the Top 25 United States GSPs with the Top 25 European Union GDPs.” U.S. Department of Commerce: Bureau of Economic Analysis. November 15, 2002. www.bea.gov
20 “The 2003 Global 500.” Fortune. July 21, 2003. www.fortune.com
21 Durman, Paul. “Nokia Bets on a Mobile World.” The Sunday Times. June 22, 2003; Reinhardt, Andy. “Something for Everyone.” BusinessWeek. March 31, 2003; Verdin, Mike. “Why Nokia Is Winning the Phone War.” BBC News Online. April 20, 2001. http:// news.bbc.co.uk; “Global 500: Nokia.” Fortune. July 21, 2003. www.fortune.com
22 Guyon, Janet. “Why Big Is Better for Vodafone.” Fortune. February 3, 2002. www. fortune.com; “Profile—VodafoneGroup plc.” Yahoo! Finance. April 9, 2003. Biz.yahoo.com
23 Barnard, Bruce. “Business and the Technologies of the Future.” In Guttman, Robert J. Europe in the New Century: Visions of an Emerging Superpower. p. 171; Fox, Justin. “Bertelsmann: Tomas Middelhoff Wants Respect.” Fortune. May 15, 2002. www.fortune.com; “Pearson.” Yahoo! Finance UK & Ireland. December 31, 2002. uk.biz.yahoo.com
24 Rossant, John. “How to Build a Better EU Constitution.” BusinessWeek. June 30, 2003.
25 Tomlinson, Richard. “International Fortune: AHOLD.” Fortune. June 27, 2002; “The 2003 Global 500: Royal Ahold.” Fortune. January 21, 2003. www.fortune.com
26 Brooks, Rick. “FedEx, UPS Join Forces to Stave Off Foreign Push into U.S. Market.” The Wall Street Journal. February 1, 2001.
27 “The 2003 Global 500: Industry Snapshot: Banks: Commercial and Savings.” Fortune. July 21, 2003. www.fortune.com
28 “The 2003 Global 500: Industry Snapshot: Chemicals.” Fortune. July 21, 2003. www. fortune.com
29 “The 2003 Global 500: Industry Snapshot: Engineering, Construction.” Fortune. July 21, 2003. www.fortune.com
30 “The 2003 Global 500: Industry Snapshot: Consumer Food Products.” Fortune. July 21, 2003. www.fortune.com
31 “The 2003 Global 500: Industry Snapshot: Food & Drug Stores.” Fortune. July 21, 2003. www.fortune.com
32 “Top Ten World Reinsurance Companies.” Insurance Information Institute. 2001. www.internationalinsurance.org
33 “The 2003 Global 500: Industry Snapshot: Life, Health (stock).” Fortune. July 21, 2003. www.fortune.com
34 “The 2003 Global 500: Industry Snapshot: Insurance: P&C (stock).” Fortune. July 21, 2003. www.fortune.com
35 “The 2003 Global 500: Industry Snapshot: Telecommunications.” Fortune. July 21, 2003. www.fortune.com
36 “The 2003 Global 500: Industry Snapshot: Pharmaceuticals.” Fortune. July 21, 2003. www.fortune.com
37 “The 2003 Global 500: Industry Snapshot: Motor Vehicles & Parts.” Fortune. July 21, 2003. www.fortune.com
38 Johnson, Mark, et al. “The World’s Best Companies 2002.” Global Finance. November 2002.
39 “SMEs in Europe, Including a First Glance at EU Candidate Countries.” European Commission. 2002. p. 13. www.europa.eu.int
40 “SMEs in Europe: Competitiveness, Innovation, and the Knowledge Driven Society.” European Commission. 2002. pp. 8-9.
41 “European Trend Chart on Innovation: 2002 European Innovation Scoreboard Technical Paper No. 1: Member States and Associate Countries.” European Commission. December 4, 2002. pp. 2, 5. www.europa.eu.int
42 Ibid. pp. 5-6; Wagstyl, Stefan. “EU Nears US and Japan in Promoting Innovation.” Financial Times. December 11, 2002.
43 Wagstyl, Stefan. “EU Nears US and Japan in Promoting Innovation.”
44 Schroeder, Michael. “The Economy: World Economy Expected to Grow 4.75% in 2004.” The Asian Wall Street Journal. April 5, 2004.
45 “Euro-Indicators: First Notification of Deficit and Debt Data for 2003.” Eurostat. March 16, 2004; “Debt Outstanding by Type of Debt: The Debt to the Penny and Who Holds It.” Bureau of the Public Debt, U.S. Department of the Treasury. April 5, 2004. www.publicdebt.treas.gov ; “Main Economic Indicators: Key Short-Term Indicators for OECD Member Countries.” OECD. April 2004; “BEA News: Personal Income and Outlays: February 2004.” Bureau of Economic Analysis. March 26, 2004.
46 Tran, Muoi. “By the Numbers: New Money: The Very Rich, by Region.” Fortune. June 24, 2003.
47 Foroohar, Rana, et al. “Eat, Drink, and Go Slow.” Newsweek International, Atlantic Edition. July 2, 2001.
48 Cobb, Clifford, Ted Halstead, and Jonathan Rowe. “If the GDP Is Up, Why Is America Down?” The Atlantic. October 1995. www.theatlantic.com/politics/ecbig
49 “Measuring Progress: Annex 1—What’s Wrong with the GDP?” Friends of the Earth. March 13, 2003. www.foe.co.uk
50 Cobb, Clifford, Ted Halstead, and Jonathan Rowe. “If the GDP Is Up, Why Is America Down?” pp. 16-17.
51 Ibid. p. 17.
52 Tomkins, Richard. “How to Be Happy.” Financial Times Weekend. March 8-9, 2003.
53 Ibid.; “Genuine Progress Indicator: Contents of the GPI.” Redefining Progress. March 13, 2003. www.redefiningprogress.org/projects/gpi/gpi_contents
54 “Alternatives to the GDP.” McGregor Consulting Group. March 25, 2003. www.consultmcgregor.com
55 Osberg, Larry, and Andrew Sharpe. “Human Well-Being and Economic Well-Being: What Values Are Implicit in Current Indices?” Center for the Study of Living Standards. July 2003.
56 “The Social Situation in the European Union, 2002.” European Commission. May 22, 2002. www.europa.eu.int
<
br /> 57 “World Development Indicators Database: Total GDP 2002.” The World Bank. July 2003. “Fiscal Year 2004 Budget.” Center for Defense Information. August 4, 2003. www.cdi.org
58 “Country/Region Population.” Eurostat. August 8, 2003. www.europa.eu.int; “Energy Information Administration: State Energy Data 2000.” Energy Information Administration. www.eia.doe.gov; “Historical National Population Estimates.” Population Estimates Program, Population Division, U.S. Census Bureau. April 11, 2000. www.census.gov; “Regional Indicators: European Union (EU).” Energy Information Administration. October 2002. www.eia.doe.gov
59 “Energy Information Administration: State Energy Data 2000.”
60 “Justice Expenditure and Employment in the United States, 1999.” Bureau of Justice Statistics Bulletin. U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs. February 2002. www.ojp.usdoj.gov; “U.S. Department of Justice: Summary of Budget Authority by Appropriation.” Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2002.
61 Blau, Francine D., and Lawrence Kahn. “Do Cognitive Test Scores Explain Higher U.S. Wage Inequality?” National Bureau of Economic Research.” September 2000. p. 13. http://papers.nber.org
62 “Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators 2002.” Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. 2002. p. 66.
63 Ibid. p. 69.
64 Ibid. pp. 74, 77, 161, 214, 222.
65 “United Nations Human Development Report 2002: Deepening Democracy in a Fragmented World.” United Nations Development Program. pp. 23, 29.
66 Ibid. pp. 18, 21. “Preventing Infant Mortality.” U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. April 18, 2001.
67 “Economic Portrait of the European Union 2002.” p. 129; “United Nations Human Development Report 2002: Deepening Democracy in a Fragmented World.” United Nations Development Program. pp. 18-19.
68 “The World Health Report 2000.” The World Health Organization, 2000.
69 “The US Health Care System.” Bureau of Labor Education of the University of Maine. pp. 4, 6.
70 Ayers, Stephen M., M.D. “Health Care in the United States: The Facts and the Choices.” Chicago and London: American Library Association, 1996. p. xii.
71 Rhoades, Jeffrey A., Ph.D. “Statistical Brief #19: The Uninsured in America—2002.” Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. Agency for Healthcare and Research Quality. July 2003.
72 “OECD Data Show Health Expenditures at an All-time High.” Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. (OECD) June 23, 2003. www.oecd.org
73 “The US Health Care System.” Bureau of Labor Education of the University of Maine. pp. 2-3.
74 “Real Gross Domestic Product and Related Measures.” U.S. Department of Commerce. Bureau of Economic Analysis. August 6, 2003. www.bea.doc.gov
75 “Obesity Rates Among the Adult Population.” OECD Health Data, 2003. www.oecd.org/dataoecd/10/20/2789777.pdf ; Power, Carla. “Big Trouble.” Newsweek. August 11, 2003.
76 “Obesity in Europe: The Case for Action.” International Obesity Task Force and European Association for the Study of Obesity. September 2002.
77 “Obesity Rates Among the Adult Population.” OECD Health Data. 2003.
78 “Obesity and Overweight.” World Health Organization: Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health, 2003.
79 “Innocent Report Card: A League Table of Child Poverty in Rich Nations.” UNICEF. No. 1. June 2000. p. 6.
80 Ibid.
81 Ibid. pp. 6-7.
82 Ibid. p. 7.
83 “Basic Facts on Poverty.” Children’s Defense Fund. December 2002. www.childrensdefense.org
84 Graff, James. “Gunning for It.” Time Europe. Vol. 159. No. 19. May 13, 2002.
85 “Rates of Homicide, Suicide, and Firearm-related Death Among Children—26 Industrialized Countries.” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Vol. 46, No. 5. February 7, 1997. p. 102.
86 Barclay, Gordon, and Cynthia Tavares. “International Comparisons of Criminal Justice Statistics 2000.” July 12, 2002; “Two Million Inmates and Counting.” The New York Times. April 9, 2003.
87 Barclay, Gordon, and Cynthia Tavares. “International Comparisons of Criminal Justice Statistics 2000.”
88 Noll, Heinz-Herbert. “Towards a European System of Social Indicators.” Social Indicators Research. Special Issue Vol. 58. 2002.
89 Argyle, M. “Subjective Well-Being.” In Offer, A. In Pursuit of the Quality of Life. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press. January 1997. pp. 18-45.
90 Ibid.
91 “Our Common Future.” World Commission on Environment and Development. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 1987.
92 Baker, Linda. “Real Wealth: The Genuine Progress Indicator Could Provide an Environmental Measure of the Planet’s Earth.” E/The Environmental Magazine. March 13, 2003. www.emagazine.com
CHAPTER 4: SPACE, TIME, AND MODERNITY
1 “United Nations Human Development Report 2002.” United Nations Development Program. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 2002. p. 38.
2 “The Mobiles: Social Evolution in a Wireless Society.” Context Based Research Group, 2002. p. 15.
3 Ibid. pp. 23, 25, 27.
4 Gimpel, Jean. The Medieval Machine. New York: Penguin, 1976. pp. 43-44.
5 White, Lynn, Jr. Medieval Technology & Social Change. London.: Oxford University Press, 1962. p. 78.
6 Ibid. pp. 88-89.
7 Gimpel, Jean. The Medieval Machine. p. 195; Pagden, Anthony. “Europe: Conceptualizing a Continent.” In Pagden. The Idea of Europe: From Antiquity to the European Union. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 2002. p. 50.
8 Johnson, Paul. The Birth of the Modern. New York: HarperPerennial, 1991. p. 203.
9 Wright, Lawrence. Clockwork Man. New York: Horizon Press, 1969. p. 154.
10 Hansen, Marcus Lee. The Atlantic Migration. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1940. pp. 178ff.
11 Randall, John Herman. The Making of the Modern Mind. Cambridge, MA: Houghton Mifflin, 1940. p. 223.
12 Ibid. p. 224.
13 Bacon, Francis. “Novum Organum.” The Works of Francis Bacon, vol. 4. London: W. Pickering, 1850. p. 246.
14 Ibid. p. 114.
15 Randall, John Herman. The Making of the Modern Mind. p. 241. Quotation by Descartes.
16 Ibid. pp. 241-242.
17 Locke, John. “Second Treatise.” In Locke. Two Treatises of Government. Peter Laslett, ed. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1967. p. 315.
18 Locke, John. The Second Treatise of Civil Government: Chapter V: Of Property, Section 40. 1690.
19 Strauss, Leo. Natural Right and History. Chicago: University of Chicago, 1950. Quotation by John Locke. p. 315.
20 Ibid. p. 258.
21 Randall, John Herman. The Making of the Modern Mind. p. 259. Quotation by Descartes.
22 Quotation by Bertrand Russell, 1872-1970.
23 Newton, Isaac. Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy. Book 3. Author’s Preface.
24 Randall, John Herman. The Making of the Modern Mind. p. 259.
25 Whitehead, Alfred North. Science and the Modern World. New York: Free Press, 1967.
26 Le Goff, Jacques. Your Money or Your Life: Economy and Religion in the Middle Ages. New York: Zone Books, 1988. p. 29. Quotation by St. Thomas Aquinas.
27 [On the question of time.] Le Goff, Jacques. Time, Work, and Culture in the Middle Ages. pp. 51-61; Quinones, Ricardo J. The Renaissance Discovery of Time. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1972. pp. 5-8; de Grazia, Sebastian. Of Time, Work, and Leisure. New York: Anchor/Doubleday, 1964.
28 Chobham, Thomas. Summa Confessorum. F. Broomfield, ed. Paris: Louvain, 1968. p. 505, question XI, ch. 1.
29 Le Goff, Jacques. Time, Work, and Culture in the Middle Ages. p. 30.
30 Woodcock, George. “The Tyranny of the Clock.” Politics. Vol. 1. 1994. pp. 265-266.
31 de Grazia, Sebastian. Of Time, Work, and Leisure. p. 41.
32 Ibid. p. 54.
> 33 McCann, Justin. The Rule of St. Benedict. London: Sheed & Ward, 1970. chapter 48.
34 Zerubavel, Eviatar. Hidden Rhythms: Schedules and Calendars in Social Life. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981. p. 33.
35 Ibid. p. 32.
36 Bendix, Reinhard. Max Weber. Garden City, NY: Anchor-Doubleday, 1962. p. 318.
37 Wright, Lawrence. Clockwork Man. p. 208.
38 Boorstin, Daniel J. The Discoverers. New York: Random House, 1983. p. 38.
39 Wright, Lawrence. Clockwork Man. p. 62.
40 Ibid. p. 55.
41 Ibid.
42 Mumford, Lewis. Technics and Civilization. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1934. p. 15.
43 Landes, David. Revolution in Time. p. 16.
44 Ibid. pp. 72-73.
45 Le Goff, Jacques. Time, Work, and Culture in the Middle Ages. p. 35.
46 Goody, Jack. “Time: Social Organization.” International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. David Sills, ed. Vol. 16. New York: Free Press/Macmillan, 1968. pp. 38-39.
47 Mumford, Lewis. Technics and Civilization. New York: Harcourt, Brace and World, 1934. p. 16.
48 Frederick, Christine. “The New Housekeeping.” Ladies’ Home Journal. Vol. 29. No. 9. September 1912.
49 Frederick, Christine. “Housekeeping with Efficiency.” New York: Ladies’ Home Journal, 1913. Preface.
50 Warren, Maude Radford. The Saturday Evening Post. March 12, 1912. pp. 11-12, 34-35.
51 “Proceedings.” National Education Association, 1912. p. 492.
52 Mencken, Henry L. The American Language: An Inquiry into the Development of English in the United States, 4th ed. New York: Knopf, 1936.
53 Tichi, Cecelia. Shifting Gears: Technology, Literature, Culture in Modernist America. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1987. pp. 116-117.
54 Book, William F. The Intelligence of High School Seniors. New York: Macmillan, 1922.
CHAPTER 5: CREATING THE INDIVIDUAL
1 “Entrepreneurship.” The European Commission: Eurobarometer. January 2004. www.europa.eu.int ; Buck, Tobias. “Europeans Balk at Starting Their Own Business.” Financial Times. March 3, 2004.
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