Dancing to the Precipice
Page 60
Saint-Cloud (palace), 296
Saint-Cyr (school), 27
Saint-Denis (abbey), 294
Saint-Domingue, 137, 150, 177, 200
St Helena, 370, 388
Saint-Just, Louis-Antoine, 163–4, 172, 210
Saint-Marc, Maître, 417
Saint-Priest, Comte de, 174
Saint-Sernon (teacher), 189
Saint-Simon, Claude Henri de Rouvroy, Comte de, 359
Saint-Simon, Louis de Rouvroy, Duc de, 38
Sainte-Hermine, M. de, 412
Salm, Prince Emmanuel de, 82, 266
salons: women and, 19–20, 27, 71, 83, 130, 280–3; and political intrigues, 355; under Restoration, 358; end, 424
Sans-culottes, 150
Santerre, M., 152
Sardinia, 383–4
Saulx-Tavannes, Duchesse de, 146
Schuyler, General Philip John, 201, 205–6, 209–10, 216
Schuyler, Pieter, 205
Schwartzenberg, Karl, Prince zu, 326, 346, 353
Scipio (black child), 83
Ségur, Louis-Philippe, Comte de, 30, 58, 79, 221, 317
Sheldon, Dominic, 53, 70, 75, 134
Sheldon, François, 24
Shelley, Percy Bysshe, 431
Sheridan, Richard Brinsley: The School for Scandal, 267
Sieyès, Emmanuel Joseph, Abbé, 93, 118, 273
Simiane, Comtesse de, 81
Simmons, Amelia, 216, 222
Six Nations Confederacy (Iroquois), 204
slaves, slavery, 137–8, 150, 212–13, 293; abolished, 434
Smith, Adam, 50
Smith, Revd Sydney, 251
Soane, Sir John, 251
Société des Amis des Noirs, 137
Society of Thirty, 91
Sophie, Madame (Louis XV’s daughter), 9
Spa, 41–2
Spain: Lucie returns to from America, 229–31; peace treaty with France, 237; Napoleon’s war in, 302, 332; rebels against Napoleon, 306; revolution (1820), 384
Staël, Albertine, 357
Staël, Eric Magnus, Baron de, 47, 83, 239
Staël, Germaine, Baronne de: friendship with Lucie, 2; marriage, 83–4; qualities, 84; attends Estates General meetings, 97; salon, 107, 125, 129, 131, 241, 281; on life in
Switzerland, 125; and Burke’s reflections on French Revolution, 133; advises Frédéric, 144; stays with Lucie in Passy, 162; seeks to help Talleyrand, 208; and Lucie’s devotion to Frédéric, 209; and Talleyrand’s appointment as Foreign Minister, 243; and 18 Fructidor, 245–6; entertains royalist sympathisers, 245; exile in England, 265; befriends Mme Récamier, 283; banished from Paris, 291, 316, 320; on formal etiquette, 318; attacks Napoleon, 357; returns to Paris, 357; and Napoleon’s escape from Elba, 361; and Lucie’s reluctance to return to court, 367; decline and death, 375, 377; Corinne, 320; De l’Allemagne, 320, 334; Delphine, 291
Starhemberg, Prince de, 155
Stendhal (Marie-Henri Beyle), 317, 434
Switzerland: French emigrés in, 123–7, 145–6; Lucie lives in during retirement, 425–7
Talleyrand, Archambauld (Charles-Maurice’s brother), 210
Talleyrand-Périgord, Charles-Maurice de, Prince de Benevento: friendship with Lucie, 2; revolutionary aims, 21, 118; qualities, 92, 210, 299; proposes appropriating Church property, 119; celebrates fall of Bastille, 121–2; agrees to be juror, 123; predicts end of kings, 125; attends salons, 131; opposes abolition of slavery, 137; invites Lucie to lunch party with Turkish ambassador, 144; advises against emigration, 145–6; meets Lucie in America, 208–11; as proscribed emigrant, 208; and sister-in-law’s death, 210; introduces Rochefoucault de Liancourt to Schuyler, 217; warns Frédéric of financial misfortune, 219; on Lucie’s appearance in New York, 220; on America’s relations with Britain, 223; sends cameo of Marie Antoinette to Lucie, 226; leaves America for France, 227; salon, 241; as Foreign Minister, 242–3, 281; Lucie re-encounters in Paris, 242; and suppression of monarchist plot, 247; and British Aliens Act, 250; exile in England, 265; appearance and manner, 282; marriage, 290; foreign visitors meet, 295; and Frédéric’s career under Napoleon, 298; and Napoleon’s military conquests, 298; opposes territorial acquisitions, 298; intrigues and moneymaking, 299; on Frédéric’s meeting with Josephine, 302; and Napoleon’s divorce of Josephine, 304; Spanish princes in custody of, 305; at Fanny’s marriage to Bertrand, 315; on teaching etiquette and spectacle, 318; and Lucie’s comments on Archbishop of Malines, 333; visits Brussels, 334; charm, 342; plots against Napoleon, 343–4; heads provisional government (1814), 347; and restoration of Louis XVIII, 350; Louis XVIII reappoints Foreign Minister, 352; policy at Congress of Vienna, 354–5; on Napoleon’s escape from Elba, 360, 363; and Louis XVIII’s return to Paris after Waterloo, 366; blocks Chateaubriand’s hopes for ministerial post, 367; fall and installation as Grand Chamberlain, 369; at Charles X’s coronation, 393; on July revolution (1830), 408; as ambassador to London, 410; death, 427
Tallien, Jean-Lambert, 178, 184–8, 190–2, 209, 222, 240, 247, 294
Tallien, Jeanne-Marie-Ignace-Thérésia (earlier Cabarrus): character and appearance, 184; relations with Tallien, 184–5, 188; in Bordeaux, 186–8; helps Lucie escape to America, 190–2, 194; arrested, 209; marriage and child with Tallien, 222, 240; Lucie visits in Paris, 240; receptions, 241, 282; as mistress to Barras, 282; divorce from Tallien, 294; relations with Ouvrard, 294, 413; wears rings on toes to hide scars, 418; death, 423
Talma, François Joseph, 7, 120, 293, 357, 405
Talmont, Léopold de, 342
Talmont, Princesse de, 378, 399
Talon, Marquis de, 218
Tardy, Abbé, 261
Templars monastery, 152
Tennis Court Oath (1789), 98, 120
Terror, the, 118, 152–3, 172, 175, 177–9, 192–3, 287; ends, 209–10
Tesson (house), near Bordeaux, 187, 190, 234–5, 288, 420
Tétard (groom), 181–2
theophilanthropists, 291
Third Estate (the people), 92, 96–9
Thuisy, M. de (émigré tutor), 268
Tippoo Sahib, ruler of Mysore, 80
Tisserandot, Mme, 228–31
Toulon: British fleet in, 172
Tourzel, Louise Elisabeth, Marquise (later Duchesse) de, 115
Toussaint L’Ouverture, François Dominique, 150, 200
Trafalgar, Battle of (1805), 298
Tremane, Marquis de, 260
Troy, New York, 207–12, 218–19, 225, 279
Tuileries: royal family in, 115, 130, 142; Assembly meets in, 117–18; invaded by mob, 150–1; Josephine occupies, 283
Turgot, Jacques, 10, 32, 47
Turin: Frédéric’s ambassadorship, 364–5, 380–3, 386–7
Turner, J.M.W., 293
Tussaud, Madame (Marie Grosholz), 152
Twiss, Mr (English visitor), 151, 161–2
United States of America: described, 29–30; wins independence, 29, 31, 34; French support for, 31–4; peace treaty with England, 51, 54; close relations with France, 55, 84–5; Commissioners in France, 84–5; trade, 84; ideals, 85; immigrants and exiles in, 199–201; settlers in, 204; land agreements with Indians, 215; French émigrés return, 227–8
Ursel, Duc d’, 328, 332, 338, 374
Valance, Pulchérie de, 87, 94, 110, 126, 175, 233, 238, 242, 245, 406, 423
Valpergue, Comtesse, 395
Velutti, Giovanni Battista, 383, 389
Vendée, 167, 177, 288, 412, 414–16
Versailles: court life, 9–10, 36–8, 63, 78–9; landscaping, 38–40; Le Petit Trianon, 40, 62, 66; menagerie, 57, 65; open to visitors, 63; extravagance, 66; nobility leaves, 81; conditions, 90–1; Estates General meets at, 95–6; attacked by mob, 109–14; deserted, 130; furniture and possessions auctioned, 162; destruction, 239; as museum, 434
Versailles, Treaty of (1784), 67
Vêves, Château de (Belgium), 435
Victoire, Madame (Louis XV’s daughter), 9, 140
Victor (Aveyron wild boy), 293
Victor, Marshal Claude-Victor Perrin, 370–2
Victoria, Queen of Great Britain, 434
Vienna, Congress of (1814–15), 354–5, 359–61, 369, 383–4
Vigée-Lebrun, Elisabeth, 54, 88, 184, 281
Villèle, Jean-Baptiste Séraphin Joseph, Comte de, 379, 392, 402, 407
Villette, Marquise de, 29
Violet, M. (chef), 200
Viotti, Giovanni Battista, 89
Volney, Constantin François de Chasseboeuf, Comte de, 18, 221–2
Voltaire, François Marie Arouet: on art, 14; influence on Lucie, 17; ideas, 18–19, 21, 81; predicts Revolution, 19; Arthur Dillon reads, 30; praises Franklin, 30–1; on eating style, 50; friendship with Mme de Montconseil, 71; and Mme de Staël, 84; interred in Panthéon, 140; Mme de Genlis blames for Terror, 281; Chateaubriand criticises, 292; on Brussels, 310
Walpole, Horace, 9, 119, 265; Richard III, 164
Warville, Brissot de, 137
Washington, George, 32, 34, 85, 118, 209, 221–2, 224
Waterloo, Battle of (1815), 365–6
Watson, Elkanah, 204
Wellesley, Anne, 267
Wellington, Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of: friendship with Lucie, 2, 357, 367; visits Paris before Napoleonic wars, 55; victories in Spain, 343; ambassadorship in Paris, 352, 357, 359; takes command in Brussels, 364; Waterloo victory, 365–7; declines to intervene in judgment on Ney, 368
White, Dr Charles, 213
White, Lydia, 270
White Terror (counter-revolutionary), 233
wigs and headdresses, 37–9, 64–5
Wilbeck (slave owner), 213
Wildeshausen, 276–7
William I, King of the Netherlands, 362, 370, 375
William V, Prince of Orange, 145
Williams, Helen Maria, 236
Wilmot, Catherine, 282
Wollstonecraft, Mary: A Vindication of the Rights of Women, 250
women: and salons, 19–20, 27, 71, 83, 130, 280–3; education, 27; rights denied, 27, 137–9; at court, 36; dress and fashion, 38–9, 56, 64–6, 116, 132, 161, 241–4, 285, 318; conduct affairs, 83; and poverty, 90; deputation at Versailles, 109–13; manners in Revolution, 161–2; status in England, 253; make-up, 294; acquisitiveness under Josephine, 318; Mme de Genlis on ideals for, 358
Woodforde, Rev. P., 158
Wordsworth, William, 132
Württemberg, Frederick, Prince of, 253
Yorktown, 34–5
Young, Arthur, 37, 66, 90
Ysabeau, Claude, 178, 192
Zamore (Lucie’s black manservant), 141, 144–5, 158, 167, 170–1, 180, 182–3, 190, 192, 202
zoos (menageries), 57–8
About the Author
The acclaimed author of numerous biographies and works of history, CAROLINE MOOREHEAD has also written for the Telegraph, the Times, and the Independent. She is the cofounder of a legal-advice center for asylum seekers from Africa; her most recent book, Human Cargo: A Journey Among the Refugees, was a finalist for the National Book Critics Circle Award. She lives in London.
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BOOKS BY CAROLINE MOOREHEAD
Dancing to the Precipice: The Life of Lucie de la Tour du Pin, Eyewitness to an Era
A Train in Winter: An Extraordinary Story of Women, Friendship and Resistance in Occupied France
Village of Secrets: Defying the Nazis in Vichy France
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* When the Encyclopé reached its seventh volume, it was placed on the banned Index and its authors, the philosophes, were labelled as sexual deviants. Sodomy was known asle pêpêché philosophique, the philosophers’ sin, and philosophical texts as pornography.
* How could a country filled, asked the AbbéRaynal, a popular commentator on political and social affairs, with feeble-minded iguana-eaters, conceivably compare with societies that had produced Locke, Newton, Leibniz and Descartes?
* Just before the revolution, in a good year, a loaf of bread cost 3 sous; 1 livre= 140 sous and £1 = 23 livres 3 sous. A family in Paris considered itself comfortably off with 6,000 livres.
* The Duc de Chartres, whose libertine ways were widely remarked on, was reported to have drawn up a list of all the women he knew under seven headings: beautiful, pretty, passable, ugly, frightful, hideous and abominable.
*Mercier’s great work, which would ultimately run to 12 volumes and 2,000 chapters, had begun to appear in 1782.
* Cincinnatus was the Roman consul who, after the triumph of the republic, had given back his dictator’s sword and returned to the fields.
* Before they finally disbanded 20 months later, 14 nobles, 13 men from the Third Estate and 14 members of the clergy would die of natural causes, and 30 more emigrate or resign.
* ‘We’ll hang the aristocrats, Despotism will expire, Liberty will triumph!“
* With M. de la Tour’s death, Frédéric assumed his title.
* A French traveller observed that American women in particular were susceptible to diseases like consumption and fevers, because they took so little exercise and suffered from an infirmity of will ‘which acts on them like chains which compress their limbs, gnaw at their flesh, cause obstructions, deaden their vitality, and impede circulation“.
* On the death of the last son of Louis XVI, the 10-year-old Louis XVII, the crown had passed to Louis XVI’s brother, the Comte de Provence.
* Walter Savage Landor was reported to be the first Oxford undergraduate to give up powdered hair, in 1793.
* ‘Doesn’t work (literally: walk), but it dances“.