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The Most Dangerous Man in America: The Making of Douglas MacArthur

Page 45

by Perry, Mark


  as supreme Allied commander in Europe, 163

  and Truman, Harry, 340

  and warfare, principles of, 277

  Evart, H. V., 182

  Farley, James, 15, 27

  Farrell, Thomas, 345

  Fasari airfield, 210

  Fechner, Robert, 8, 11, 13

  Fechteler, William, 255

  Fellers, Bonner, 262, 328

  First Battle of Savo Island, 202

  Fletcher, Frank “Jack,” 187, 202–203

  Formosa, 268, 281, 306

  Fort Myer, 2, 23, 25, 32, 34, 42

  Foulois, Benjamin, 27–28, 30–32, 36

  France, 68, 182, 183–186, 189–191, 250

  French Indochina, 68

  Fuller, Horace, 263–264, 265, 266

  Garner, John Nance, 1

  Garrett, Harold J., 117

  Gavin, James, 6

  Genghis Khan: Emperor of All Men (Lamb), 34

  George, Harold H., 148, 187

  Germany, 30, 138, 139, 329–331

  Germany-first war strategy, 95, 100, 182–183

  Gerow, Leonard “Gee,” 71, 89

  Ghormley, Robert, 193–194, 202, 204, 205–206, 208, 223, 224

  Gilbert Islands, 88

  Gill, William, 296

  Gona, 210, 211, 212, 213–214, 225

  Gonzaga, 87

  Grant, Ulysses S., 82, 112–113, 235

  Great Britain, 88, 141, 338–339. See also Churchill, Winston

  Griswold, Oscar, 239, 300, 313–314, 315, 319–322, 344, 357

  Grose, John E., 222

  Grunert, George, 65, 66

  Guadalcanal, 201–204, 223–226

  Guam, 88

  Guderian, Heinz, 138

  Halsey, William, 103, 223, 245, 268, 309, 313, 357

  and Casablanca Conference, 1943, 231, 232

  and Hawaii, 257–258

  and Japan, invasion of, 342

  and Japan, surrender of, 350, 351

  and Leyte, 281, 284, 285, 286–287, 290, 291–292, 292–294, 307

  and Operation Cartwheel, 239, 242

  and Rabaul, 237–238

  and Seeadler Harbor, 255–256

  and Solomon Islands, 232, 257

  Handy, Thomas, 232, 251

  Harding, Edwin, 213, 214–216, 217–218, 221–222, 223

  Harmon, Millard, 231

  Hart, B. H. Liddell, 35–36, 65

  Hart, Thomas, 71, 76–77, 87, 88, 92–93, 93–94, 148

  Hawaii, 257–258

  Herring, Edmund, 214, 215, 216, 217

  Hester, John, 239

  Hirohito, 106, 345

  Hiroshima, 345

  Hitler, Adolf, 36, 64, 65, 68, 275, 317

  Hodge, John, 297

  Hodges, Courtney, 144–145, 343

  Holbrook, Lucius, 53

  Hollandia, 260, 261–264. See also Operation Reckless

  Homma, Masaharu, 93–94, 96–100, 106, 176, 257, 357

  and Bataan, U.S. retreat into, 111–118

  and Bataan and Corregidor, victory at, 171–172

  and Battle of Bataan, 122–123, 129–131, 134

  and Battle of the Pockets, 135, 147–148

  and Battle of the Points, 147–148

  and Manila, 111–112, 113, 118–119, 123

  Honnen, George, 237

  Honolulu, and MacArthur and Roosevelt, July 1944 meeting, 269–273

  Honshu, 342, 343

  Hoover, Herbert, 1, 2, 13, 15, 22, 23, 24

  Hopkins, Harry, 185

  Horii, Tomitaro, 196, 197, 199, 200, 201–202, 204, 208–209

  Howe, Louis, 7–9, 11

  Huff, Sidney “Sid,” 51, 108, 118, 148, 153, 157, 159, 168, 348

  Hull, Cordell, 70

  Hunt, Frazier, 324, 340

  Huon Peninsula, 232

  Hurley, Patrick, 144, 146

  Hutter, Howard, 47

  Hyakutake, Haruyoshi, 201–202

  Iba Airfield attack, 76. See also Clark Field Attack

  Ichiki, Kiyonao, 202–203

  Ickes, Harold, 4, 18, 25, 45, 174, 357

  and MacArthur, criticism of, 3, 5, 18–19, 26, 278–279, 328, 335, 336

  and Philippines, 55, 60, 61

  India, 161–162, 182

  The Influence of Sea Power upon History (Mahan), 3

  Inoue, Shigeyoshi, 187

  Ioribaiwa, 196, 200, 208

  Iron Bottom Sound battles, 203

  Irwin, Constant, 168

  Iwabuchi, Sanji, 319–320, 322

  Iwo Jima, 281, 286, 306, 307, 313

  Japan

  and army-navy competition, 276–277

  bombing of, 276

  and China, 60

  and French Indochina, 68

  and Hiroshima and Nagasaki, atomic bombs dropped on, 345

  invasion of, 326, 336, 341–345 (see also Operation Coronet; Operation Downfall; Operation Olympic)

  MacArthur and Quezón’s visit to, 56–57

  MacArthur and Roosevelt’s misjudgment of, 61–62

  occupation of, 346–347

  and Pearl Harbor attack, 71–74, 85–86

  and Philippine independence, promise of, 123–124

  and Philippines, 42, 43, 54, 59, 60–61

  and Philippines, plan to defend, 277–278, 290–291

  and Philippines, U.S. airfields attack in (see Clark Field attack; Iba Airfield attack)

  surrender of, 345–351

  and Tokyo, aerial attack on, 186, 238

  and war weariness, 318

  See also specific battle sites, battles, officers, etc.

  Japanese military, 138, 139

  atrocities, 172–173 (see also Bataan Death March; Japanese soldiers: sacrifice and savagery of)

  Japanese officers, 136, 138–139. See also specific officers

  Japanese soldiers

  and disease and food scarcity, 201, 209–210

  and kamikaze attacks, 287, 294, 306, 308, 309, 313, 347

  sacrifice and savagery of, 136–137, 138, 318 (see also Japanese military: atrocities)

  strengths and weaknesses of, 136, 138–139

  Johnson, Harold K., 172

  Johnston, Joe, 112–113

  Jones, Albert, 99–100, 108–109, 119, 122

  Kazume, Naoyuku, 265–266

  Kenney, George, 176, 191–193, 245, 246, 252, 267, 309, 357

  and Arnold’s commander assessment, 206

  and Battle of the Bismarck Sea, 228–230

  and Buna, 210, 214, 215, 216–217, 218

  and Casablanca Conference, 1943, 231

  and Holandia, 262–263

  and Kinkaid, Thomas, 253–254

  and Leyte, 282, 284–285, 286, 288, 290–294, 298

  and Los Negros, 253

  and MacArthur, 192–193, 210–211, 216, 233, 250, 289

  and New Guinea, 195–196, 198, 210–211, 212, 213

  and Operation Cartwheel, 240, 242

  and Operation Dexterity, 247

  and overall commander in the Pacific compromise, 327–328

  and Rabaul, 194, 230–231

  and Roosevelt, Franklin, 232–233

  and Wakde, 264

  Kesselring, Albert, 138

  King, Ernest, 107, 144, 185, 197, 223, 226, 234, 313, 323, 357

  and Arnold’s commander assessment, 208

  and Battle of the Bismarck Sea, 229

  as commander in chief of U.S. Fleet, 102–105

  and Formosa, 306

  and Great Britain, 338–339

  and Guadalcanal, 204

  and Luzon, 305

  and MacArthur, 163–164, 243, 245, 251, 271, 354

  and overall commander in the Pacific compromise, 326, 327

  and overall commander in the Pacific debate, 256–257, 258

  and Philippines, invasion of, debate over, 257, 260, 268–269

  and promotion to fleet admiral, 309

  and Rabaul, 193–194

  and two-front war strategy, 178–179, 182, 183

  Kink
aid, Thomas, 224, 245–246, 252, 253–254, 300, 313, 357

  and Leyte, 282, 284, 286, 287, 288, 291–292, 292–293, 306

  and Lingayen Gulf, 309

  and Los Negros, 253

  and Operation Dexterity, 246–247

  Kitagiri, Shigeru, 241

  Knox, Frank, 102, 119–120, 208, 229

  Koiso, Kunaiki, 276

  Kokoda, 196, 197, 199

  Krueger, Walter, 89, 236–237, 246, 251, 252, 284, 357–358

  and Biak, 266

  and Eichelberger, Robert, 297–298, 312

  and Holandia, 263, 266

  and Japan, invasion of, 343

  and Kinkaid, Thomas, 253–254

  and Leyte, 282, 286–287, 291, 294–298, 306

  and Lingayen Gulf, 309

  and Los Negros, 253–254

  and Luzon, 299–301, 311–312, 313–314

  and MacArthur, 234–235, 236, 237, 296, 297–298, 311–312

  and Manila, 314–315, 321–322, 323

  and Operation Cartwheel, 242

  and Operation Dexterity, 247

  and POWs, 347

  Kurita, Takeo, 291–294, 306

  Kuroda, Shigenori, 277–278, 290

  Kyushu, 342, 343

  Lae, 178

  Lamb, Harold, 34

  Layac Junction, 116

  Leahy, William, 25, 193, 271, 272, 309

  Leary, Herbert, 167

  Lee, Henry, 172, 173

  Lee, Jerry, 62–63

  Lee, Robert E., 82, 112–113

  Legaspi, 87

  Lehrbas, Larry, 231

  Leyte, 280–282, 284–290, 285 (map), 290–294, 294–299, 305–309. See also Operation King II

  Life magazine, 68, 227

  Lindbergh, Charles, 83, 267

  Lingayen Gulf, 62, 67, 87, 93–94, 309–311, 310 (map)

  Longstreet, James, 82

  Los Negros, 252–255

  Luce, Clare Boothe, 68, 81, 135, 233

  Lueddeke, John W., 173

  Luzon, 86, 87, 90, 96–100, 100–102, 105, 282, 299–301, 305–307, 311–324, 331. See also Battle of Luzon; Operation Musketeer

  MacArthur, Arthur (father), 19–20, 32–33, 235, 333

  MacArthur, Arthur (son), 62, 95, 106–108, 121, 148, 153, 156, 323, 353, 354, 358

  MacArthur, Douglas

  administration and congressional criticism of, 3–5, 8, 13, 15, 18–19, 26–27, 32, 278–279, 328, 335, 336

  and airmail scandal, 27, 28

  and appointment as commander in Far East, 65–66

  and appointment/reappointment as army chief of staff, 23, 37–40, 43–44, 45

  and army budget, 2, 7, 8, 9–10, 12–13, 13–16, 16–19, 36–37, 40–41

  and army-navy competition, 163–164, 243–246, 248, 276, 354

  Arnold’s assessment of, 206–208

  and Australia, establishment of three combat commands in, 167–168

  and Australia, evacuation to, 148–153

  and Australia, request for reinforcements in, 178–183, 185

  and Barbey, Daniel, 233–234

  and Bataan, escape from, 157

  and Bataan, promise of relief in, 119–121, 123–125, 139–140, 173

  and Bataan, retreat into, 112–118

  and Bataan, sacrifice of army in, 128

  and Bataan, surrender of, 170

  and Bataan, surrender of, responsibility for, 174–176

  and Battle of Bataan, 119, 122–123, 128–131, 134–135, 136

  and Battle of the Bismarck Sea, 228–230

  and Biak, 265–266

  and “big ideas” on how to fight the war, 96

  and Bonus Army/Bonus March/Anacostia Flats scandal, 3–4, 6, 7, 13, 14, 25, 29, 37, 38, 40, 45, 144, 328, 354

  and Borneo, 336–341

  and Brett, George, as scapegoat, 166

  and Buna, 208–213, 216–219, 226

  and Casablanca Conference, 1943, 231

  and Central Pacific campaign, 243–246, 248, 276

  characteristics, personal appearance, and personality of, 19, 21, 28–29, 51–53, 62, 79, 107, 121–122, 166–167, 207, 216, 324, 333

  as “Choco Doug,” 162

  and Churchill, Winston, 96, 109–110, 119–120, 143, 145

  and Civilian Conservation Corps, 7–13

  and Clarke, Elaine, 283–284, 307

  and Colt .45, 108

  and command reorganization, 267

  command structure of, 236

  as commander and chief, Southwest Pacific area, 140, 143–147, 155–156, 162–163, 355

  congressional support for, 39

  and Cooper scandal (see Cooper, Isabella Rosario)

  and Corregidor, 135–136

  and Corregidor, escape from, 157, 159–160

  and Corregidor, evacuation from, 140, 143–147, 355

  and Corregidor, evacuation to, 106–109

  and Curtin, John, 143, 144, 145

  as “Dugout Doug,” 131, 162, 240, 354

  and Eichelberger, Robert, 218–219, 220, 221, 227–228, 324–325

  and Eichelberger’s nomination for Medal of Honor, 228

  and Eisenhower, Dwight, 22, 28–29, 47, 48, 50, 62, 63, 64, 101–102, 125, 146, 324–325

  and Far East, 41

  at Fort Myer, 2, 23, 25, 32, 34, 42

  and Foulois, Benjamin, 27–28

  and Genghis Khan, 34, 356

  and George, Harold H., 187

  and Germany-first strategy, criticism of, 141, 183

  and Great Britain, 338–339

  and Griswold, Oscar, 313–314

  and Guadalcanal, 223

  as guest of honor at War Department reception, 45

  and Halsey, William, 237–238

  and Hart, Thomas, 88, 93–94

  and Hollandia, 261–264

  at Hollandia headquarters, 266–267

  and Homma, Masaharu, 97–99

  Hunt’s biography of, 324, 340

  and Huon Peninsula, 232

  and “I have returned” speech, 289–290

  and “I shall return” speech, 159–160

  and Ickes, 3, 5, 18–19, 26, 278–279, 328, 335, 336

  and Japan, invasion of, 336, 341–345

  and Japan, misjudgment of, 61–62

  and Japan, occupation of, 346–347

  and Japan, surrender of, 345–351

  and Japan, visit to, 56–57

  and Japanese military, strength of, 139

  and Kenney, George, 192–193, 210–211, 216, 233, 250, 289

  and King, Ernest, 163–164, 243, 245, 251, 271, 354

  and Kinkaid, Thomas, 245–246, 253–254

  and Krueger, Walter, 234–235, 236, 237, 296, 297–298, 311–312

  legend of, 109–110

  and Leyte, 280–282, 284–290, 292, 294, 296, 297–298, 305–309

  and libel suit against reporters, 22, 23–26

  Life magazine profile of, 68

  and Lingayen Gulf, 309, 311

  and Los Negros, 252–255

  and Luzon, 100–102, 300–301, 305–306, 311–324, 331

  and Luzon war plan, 90

  and Manila, evacuation of, 94–95

  in Manila, 23, 41

  and Manila battle, 311–312, 315–316, 318–319, 320, 321, 322–323

  and Manila declared as open city, 95

  and Marshall, George (see under Marshall, George)

  and medals/awards, 45, 161, 162, 174

  and Melbourne, train trip and welcome to, 156–160

  in Melbourne, 160–163

  military approach of, 3

  military’s support for, 5–6, 28

  and Mindoro, 308

  as “most dangerous man in America,” 273, 356

  and mother (“Pinky”), relationship with, 23, 25, 47, 50

  and Murphy, Frank, 44–45

  and Nadzab, 240–241

  and New Guinea, 182–183, 186, 191, 194–200, 232, 239

  and New Guinea war plan, 166–169

 
and Nimitz, Chester, and Pacific war plan, 267–269

  and Nimitz, Chester, and Pacific war plan meeting, in Australia, 259–261

  and Nimitz, Chester, competition between, 163–164, 243–246, 248, 276

  and Nimitz, Chester, relationship between, 163–164, 271

  and Operation Cartwheel, 238–243, 354

  and Operation Dexterity, 246–248

  and Operation Victor, 332–333

  and Osmeña, Sergio, 278–279, 333–334, 335–336

  and overall commander in the Pacific compromise, 326–328

  and overall commander in the Pacific debate, 256–259

  and Pacific, second front in, 190–191

  and Papua New Guinea, 177–178

  and Pearl Harbor attack, 71–73

  and Pershing, John, 20–22, 45

  and personal investments, concern for, 110

  and Philippine Army, building of, 53–54, 54–56

  as Philippine Army field marshal, 61–62

  and Philippine collaboration during the war, 334–336

  and Philippine command, 75 (map)

  and Philippine independence and neutrality, 126, 335

  and Philippines, 41–45, 52–53, 59

  and Philippines, invasion of, 279–281, 280–281, 304–305

  and Philippines, invasion of, debate over, 260, 267–269, 270–273

  and Philippines, preparation for war with Japan in, 66–68

  and Philippines, promise of return to, 159–160, 165–166, 245–246, 250, 256–257

  and Philippines, reappointment as military advisor to, 43–44, 45

  and Philippines, Roosevelt as path to, 248

  and Philippines, U.S. airfield attack in, 76–77

  and Philippines, U.S. airfield attack in, responsibility for, 80–85

  in Philippines, as head of Army’s Department of the Philippines, 42

  political views of, 3

  and political/presidential aspirations, 47–48, 233, 249–250, 267, 353, 355

  and Port Moresby, 191, 216

  and POWs, 279

  and promotion, post-airfield attack, 93

  and promotion to general of the army, 309

  and public attention, 227

  and Quebec Conference (Quadrant), August 1943, 243–244

  and Quezón, Manuel, 42–43, 56–58, 59–60, 63, 121, 146

  and Quezón, Manuel, and visit to Japan and U.S., 56–58

  and Quezón, Manuel, monetary compensation from, 44, 118

  and Rabaul, 193–194, 230–231, 232, 248, 256

  and Rabaul war plan, 236–238

  readings of, 32–34

  and reappointment as military advisor to Philippines, 43–44, 45

  Reminiscences, 50, 99, 323

  and removal from command, 82

  and resources/supplies, 232, 242–243, 245, 251, 252, 258, 331–332

  and retirement from U.S. Army, 61–62

 

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