3. “Though I have cause enough to be sad”: Green, Elizabeth, 218.
4. “I know not so great a lady in the world”: Ibid., 206.
5. “The Queen of Bohemia is accounted”: Benger, Memoirs of Elizabeth Stuart, vol. 2, 84.
6. “I send you herewith letters”: Halliwell-Phillips, Letters of the Kings of England, 271.
7. “I wish for nothing so much”: Benger, Memoirs of Elizabeth Stuart, vol. 2, 256–57.
8. “Alack… if I had known”: Gamache, The Court and Times of Charles I, vol. 1, 281.
9. “Who rules the kingdom”: Ibid., 368.
10. “in the sight of the English fleet”: Ibid., 422.
11. “There died in this siege”: Ibid., 424.
12. “The great prize taken”: Ibid., 440.
13. “The murthering boat, having a fair wind”: Gamache, The Court and Times of Charles I, vol. 2, 7.
14. “Save me, father, save me”: Benger, Memoirs of Elizabeth Stuart, vol. 2, 261.
15. “his cheek fastened by the frost”: Gamache, The Court and Times of Charles I, vol. 2, 8.
16. “hath been such a wind”: Ibid., 8.
17. “for that he [Frederick] was not able to put bread”: Green, Elizabeth, 274.
18. “They say the French king”: Gamache, The Court and Times of Charles I, vol. 2, 159.
19. “the Golden King”: Wedgwood, The Thirty Years War, 234.
20. “the Lion of the North”: Ibid.
21. “A conflagration arose during the storming”: Gindely, History of the Thirty Years’ War, vol. 2, 66.
22. “great fury”: Ibid., 83.
23. “a letter from him [Gustavus] to his Majesty”: Gamache, The Court and Times of Charles I, vol. 2, 138.
24. “They talk much of a letter”: Green, Elizabeth, 282.
25. “I am this week to present you”: Gamache, The Court and Times of Charles I, vol. 2, 145.
26. “When the King of Sweden first sent for him”: Ibid., 160.
27. “My Lord of Canterbury”: Ibid., 173.
28. “Wonderful welcome, was this prince”: Green, Elizabeth, 289.
29. “I think that the King [Charles I]”: Akkerman, The Correspondence of Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia, vol. 2, 39.
30. “The setting sun rises again”: Green, Elizabeth, 290.
31. “My dearest heart”: Ibid., 291.
32. “The appetite has been so sharpened”: Gindely, History of the Thirty Years’ War, vol. 2, 99–100.
33. “I never did think”: Akkerman, The Correspondence of Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia, vol. 2, 125–26.
34. “I will be miserable at Alsheim”: Ibid., 132.
35. “The loss… doth not a little”: Ibid., 145.
36. “his majesty of Bohemia”: Green, Elizabeth, 298.
37. “I will not make this”: Akkerman, The Correspondence of Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia, vol. 2, 145.
Chapter 7. A Royal Refugee
1. Princess Elizabeth was too easily swayed: For her mother’s letter, see Akkerman, The Correspondence of Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia, vol. 2, 376–77.
2. For her part, Princess Elizabeth: For Princess Elizabeth’s complaints about her mother, see Karl Ludwig’s letter of May 5, 1636, in Akkerman, The Correspondence of Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia, vol. 2, 422–23.
3. “had black hair, a dazzling complexion”: Memoirs of Sophia, Electress of Hanover, 14.
4. “she hid herself from the world”: Ibid.
5. “It was the first time that ever”: Akkerman, The Correspondence of Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia, vol. 2, 177.
6. “Never did I rail”: Green, Elizabeth, 301.
7. “I think he cannot too soon”: Ibid., 312.
8. “It is meant… only for a show”: Akkerman, The Correspondence of Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia, vol. 2, 201.
9. “When he has had his official audience”: Blaze de Bury, Memoirs of the Princess Palatine, 145–46.
Chapter 8. Child of Light and Dark
1. “Louisa was lively and unaffected”: Memoirs of Sophia, Electress of Hanover, 14–15.
2. “She devoted herself to painting”: Ibid., 15.
3. “While painting others she neglected”: Ibid.
4. “Gherardo delle Notti”: Gower, The Figure Painters of Holland, 6–7.
5. “He never left off working”: Bréal, Rembrandt: A Critical Essay, 44–45.
6. “he had not only to be paid”: Ibid., 82.
7. “Charles Lodowicke, by the Grace of God”: The Manifest of the Most Illustrious and Soveraigne Prince. There are no page numbers in this illuminating document.
8. “Le Diable”: Green, Elizabeth, 323.
9. Certainly Elizabeth always believed this to be the case: For the queen of Bohemia’s reaction to rumors of the poisoning of Frederick William, see Akkerman, The Correspondence of Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia, vol. 2, 722–23, 1003–4. For a more in-depth analysis of this incident, see Tuttle, History of Prussia, vol. 1, 139.
10. “Both the brothers went away”: Warburton, Memoirs of Prince Rupert, vol. 1, 76.
Chapter 9. Lilies and Roses
1. Specifically, he had stepped out: For more on this incident, see van Zuylen van Nyevelt, Court Life in the Dutch Republic, 27.
2. “fair flaxen hair, a complexion”: Memoirs of Sophia, Electress of Hanover, 16.
3. “Her talents, by which I chiefly profited”: Ibid.
4. “I am so much overjoyed”: Akkerman, The Correspondence of Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia, vol. 2, 568.
5. “The king my dear brother”: Green, Elizabeth, 338.
6. “Sacrément! You are a young one”: Warburton, Memoirs of Prince Rupert, vol. 1, 90.
7. “I am glad to hear”: Green, Elizabeth, 340.
8. “It will be in vain”: Warburton, Memoirs of Prince Rupert, vol. 1, 93.
9. “My son writes that the king”: Green, Elizabeth, 342.
10. “I do pity, and shall pity all my life”: Ibid., 344.
11. “the most high and sacred order”: Gardiner, The Fall of the Monarchy of Charles I, vol. 1, 362.
12. “God Save the King”: Ibid., 359.
13. “The distractions of my own country”: Akkerman, The Correspondence of Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia, vol. 2, 940.
14. “died soon afterwards”: Memoirs of Sophia, Electress of Hanover, 8.
Chapter 10. A Royal Education
1. “I was born, they tell me”: Memoirs of Sophia, Electress of Hanover, 2.
2. “the Queen my mother”: Ibid., 3.
3. “At Leyden we had a court”: Ibid., 3–4.
4. “I was obliged to go every day”: Ibid., 4-5.
5. “I learned the Heidelberg catechism”: Ibid., 4.
6. “They kept me busy”: Ibid., 5–6.
7. “so arranged that we knew”: Ibid., 6.
8. “believed that I should turn out”: Ibid.
9. “having said my prayers”: Ibid., 7.
10. “Suffice it to say”: Ibid.
11. “as one would a stud of horses”: Ibid., 8.
12. “‘she is thin and ugly’”: Ibid.
13. “the bearing of a princess”: Ibid., 17.
14. “I was… ten years of age”: Ibid., 9.
15. “I made it my business”: Ibid.
16. “in order to amuse the Queen”: Ibid., 10.
17. “I see that all these”: Gardiner, The Fall of the Monarchy of Charles I, vol. 2, 332.
18. “I am ready to obey”: Ibid., 220.
19. “I cannot see what the king can gain”: Akkerman, The Correspondence of Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia, vol. 2, 943. Elizabeth’s contact in England was Sir Thomas Roe, one of her oldest and dearest friends. It was Roe who, as ambassador to Vienna, would help arrange Rupert’s release.
20. “‘If my own person were only’”: Gardiner, The Fall of the Monarchy of Charles I, vol. 2, 174.
21. “The Queen doth
all”: Taylor, The Life of Queen Henrietta Maria, vol. 1, 245. This is Elizabeth to Roe again.
22. “Prince Rupert arrived here”: Scott, Rupert, Prince Palatine, 56.
23. “he received the proposal”: Ibid., 45.
24. “one of the brightest beauties”: Ibid., 44.
25. “the Prince’s former favors”: Ibid.
26. “never named her after”: Ibid.
27. “beloved by all”: Ibid., 46.
28. “There were few persons of quality”: Ibid., 55.
29. “Go, you coward”: Taylor, The Life of Queen Henrietta Maria, vol. 1, 250.
30. “Let my faithful subjects”: Gardiner, The Fall of the Monarchy of Charles I, vol. 2, 392.
31. “Parliament! Privilege of Parliament”: Ibid., 398.
32. “Never did he treat me for a moment”: Ibid., 407.
33. “in such post-haste”: Taylor, The Life of Queen Henrietta Maria, vol. 1, 257.
34. “The Queen my mother”: Memoirs of Sophia, Electress of Hanover, 13.
35. “The fine portraits of Van Dyck”: Ibid.
36. “After careful inspection”: Ibid., 13–14.
37. “very kind, one to another”: Taylor, The Life of Queen Henrietta Maria, vol. 1, 261.
38. “I find by all the Queen’s”: Ibid.
Chapter 11. The Visiting Philosopher
1. “In my time, which was 1642”: Blaze de Bury, Memoirs of the Princess Palatine, 111–12.
2. “The life which I am obliged to lead”: Godfrey, A Sister of Prince Rupert, 131.
3. “Wonders were told”: Blaze de Bury, Memoirs of the Princess Palatine, 112–13.
4. “Desire for knowledge”: Pope-Hennessy, Anna van Schurman, 54.
5. “My deep regard for learning”: Ibid., 69–70. The treatise was published in France and Holland and later translated into English under the title The Learned Maid, or, Whether a Maid may Be a Scholar.
6. “la Grècque”: Godfrey, A Sister of Prince Rupert, 281.
7. “Despising the frivolities”: Ibid., 119.
8. “his golden fetter”: Ibid., 60.
9. “This town [The Hague] can certainly compare”: Blaze de Bury, Memoirs of the Princess Palatine, 180–81.
10. “I had been taught”: Haldane, Descartes, His Life and Times, 18.
11. “the great book of the world”: Ibid., 32.
12. “As for the opinions which”: Ibid., 68.
13. Cogito, ergo sum: Ibid., 174–75.
14. “like one walking alone”: Ibid., 70.
15. “I could hardly have believed”: Mahaffy, Descartes, 59.
16. “Monsieur Descartes,… from its action, thought”: Godfrey, A Sister of Prince Rupert, 129–30.
17. “The favor with which your Highness”: Nye, The Princess and the Philosopher, 16.
18. “entirely satisfactory”: Ibid., 19.
19. “Your kindness is shown”: Godfrey, A Sister of Prince Rupert, 130–31.
20. “For the rest, I have much”: Nye, The Princess and the Philosopher, 31.
21. “as a young angler”: Ibid., 32. For Descartes’s proof and his and Princess Elizabeth’s complete correspondence on the kissing circles, see Adam and Tannery, Oeuvres de Descartes, 38–50.
22. “I have never met anyone”: Godfrey, A Sister of Prince Rupert, 133.
23. “Bless the good man”: Ibid., 92.
24. “I pray God to condemn me”: Lodge, Richelieu, 219.
25. “A great politician has departed”: Ibid.
26. “That brave Prince and hopeful soldier”: Scott, Rupert, Prince Palatine, 61–62.
27. “Your friend, Rupert”: Warburton, Memoirs of Prince Rupert, vol. 1, 394.
28. “If any disaffected persons”: Ibid.
29. “and ask the commanders”: Scott, Rupert, Prince Palatine, 90.
30. “when the Prince broke up his quarters”: Warburton, Memoirs of Prince Rupert, vol. 1, 383.
31. “The two young Princes”: Ibid., 389.
31. “We were at times”: Memoirs of Sophia, Electress of Hanover, 27.
32. “M. de Guise had the figure”: Mémoires d’Anne de Gonzagues, 47. As it appeared in the French: “M. de Guise avoit la figure, l’air & les manières d’un Héros de roman.”
33. “This princess did not despise”: Menzies, Political Women, vol. 1, 196.
34. “She had so much intelligence”: Ibid.
35. “where were only to be found”: Blaze de Bury, Memoirs of the Princess Palatine, 231.
36. “It is with shame”: Godfrey, A Sister of Prince Rupert, 151–52.
37. “I cannot deny”: Adam and Tannery, Oeuvres de Descartes, 351. This is my translation; the French reads “Je ne puis nier que ie n’aye este surpris d’apprendre que vostre Altesse ait eu de la fascherre, jusqu’a en estre incommodée en sa santé, pour une chose que la plus grande part du monde trouvera bonne, & que plusieurs fortes raisons peuvent rendre excusable envers les autres.”
38. “It is with the ingenuousness”: Ibid., 357. In French: “Cest avec cette ingenuité & cette franchise, laquelle ie fais profession d’observer en toutes mes actions, que ie fais aussi particulierement profession d’etre, etc.”
Chapter 12. A Scandal in Bohemia
1. “I will acquaint you with a business”: Akkerman, The Correspondence of Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia, vol. 2, 1021.
2. “Princesse Loysa Drawing… then they destroy’d before”: Phelps, Lucasta: The Poems of Richard Lovelace Esquire, 107–9. This poem is undated, but Richard Lovelace was in Holland from 1646 to 1648. See the biographical note in Songs and Sonnets by Richard Lovelace.
3. “the most amiable”: Phelps, Lucasta, 10.
4. “Your troops”: Gardiner, The First Two Stuarts and the Puritan Revolution, 133.
5. “My troops increase”: Ibid., 135.
6. “Wherefore I command”: Warburton, Memoirs of Prince Rupert, vol. 2, 437–39.
7. “Had not [the king]… this year given”: Ibid., 436.
8. “Ironsides”: Ibid., 464.
9. “Whereupon followed a very hot encounter”: Hamilton, Calendar of State Papers Domestic, 295–387.
10. “escaping narrowly, by the goodness”: Scott, Rupert, Prince Palatine, 150.
11. “Here also was slain”: Warburton, Memoirs of Prince Rupert, vol. 2, 465.
12. “Your Highness is to know a romance story”: Ibid., vol. 3, 82.
13. “One charge more, gentlemen”: Ibid., 109.
14. “My Lord, it is now”: Ibid., 149.
15. “Slander just then”: Memoirs of Sophia, Electress of Hanover, 18.
16. “bonnes fortunes”: Godfrey, A Sister of Prince Rupert, 156.
17. “bowed weeping from her high sphere”: Strickland, Lives of the Queens of Scotland, 208.
18. “Madam, give me leave”: Benger, Memoirs of Elizabeth Stuart, vol. 2, 384–85.
19. “that Philip needed no apology”: Strickland, Lives of the Queens of Scotland, 209.
Chapter 13. Honor and Duty
1. “I could wish my brother”: Scott, Rupert, Prince Palatine, 211.
2. “I must remind you of the promise”: Godfrey, A Sister of Prince Rupert, 181.
3. “My sister Henriette has been so ill”: Ibid., 191.
4. to be referred to as “Excellency”: Gindely, History of the Thirty Years’ War, vol. 2, 344.
5. “any probability of relief”: Warburton, Memoirs of Prince Rupert, vol. 3, 180.
6. “can any rational man”: Ibid.
7. “Having received information”: Scott, Rupert, Prince Palatine, 205.
8. “His Majesty, upon occasion”: Ibid., 207.
9. “As the Church can never flourish”: Gregg, King Charles I, 409.
10. “As soon as we had the letter”: Gardiner, History of the Great Civil War, vol. 4, 29.
11. And so the war ended: For these statistics, see Gindely, History of the Thirty Years’ War, vol. 2, 398.
12. “that the King be forthwi
th sent for”: Gardiner, History of the Great Civil War, vol. 4, 278.
13. “It is not my case alone”: Ibid., 301.
14. “as a tyrant, traitor, murderer”: Ibid., 308.
15. “Sweetheart, now they will”: Ibid., 319.
16. “Behold the head of a traitor”: Ibid., 323.
17. “since I saw you”: Warburton, Memoirs of Prince Rupert, vol. 3, 248.
18. “The bloody and inhumane murder”: Scott, Rupert, Prince Palatine, 237.
19. “Dearest brother”: Ibid., 240.
20. “I should die happy”: Ibid., 238.
21. “I wish your Highness”: Godfrey, A Sister of Prince Rupert, 229.
22. “Since the conditions appear”: Ibid., 230.
23. “If she sacrifices herself”: Ibid.
24. “The highly honored Elector”: Ibid., 232.
25. “I envy the fate of this letter”: Ibid., 233.
26. “keeps always two hundred men-at-arms”: Ibid., 234.
27. “not consent out of crossness”: Ibid., 229.
28. “Your daughter [Henrietta] says”: Ibid., 237.
29. “Because your Highness has bidden me”: Ibid., 242.
30. “I found no fault in him”: Ibid., 244.
31. “I hold my life”: Ibid.
Chapter 14. Royal Sense and Sensibility
1. “Unworthy pantaloons”: Scott, Rupert, Prince Palatine, 212.
2. “Lord Craven was a very valuable friend”: Memoirs of Sophia, Electress of Hanover, 26.
3. “An old Englishman”: Ibid., 18.
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