by Hugh Thomas
South Sea Company, 14, 235–42, 292, 307, 369, 388, 435, 437, 456, 464, 786
branding of slaves by, 396–97
Jamaica and, 236–37, 239
numbers of slaves sold by, 241–42
opposition to, 236–37, 239
private traders and, 239–40
profits of, 443
RAC and, 238, 240
royal shareholders of, 238–39
speculative bubble and, 243–44
Third Money Subscription to, 241
types of slaves preferred by, 399–400
War of Austrian Succession and, 266, 267
Souza, Francisco Felix de, 687, 694, 695
Souza, Louis de, 218
Souza, Simon de, 218
Souza Coelho, Pedro de, 168
Spain, 9, 14, 22, 32, 34, 57, 66, 74–76, 78–79, 153, 178, 184, 200, 247, 252, 262, 266, 267, 279, 280, 284–86, 292, 333, 360, 543, 548, 566, 572, 585, 592, 593, 643, 644, 657, 658, 674, 701, 720, 729, 764, 768, 791
abolition and, 503–6, 778, 781–83
Alcáçovas Treaty and, 76
Anglo-Spanish Treaty of 1815 and, 667
Anglo-Spanish Treaty of 1818 and, 599–605
Anglo-Spanish Treaty of 1835 and, 655, 656, 750
British abolition and slave trade of, 567–68, 574, 575, 578–82, 589–90
British asiento treaty with, 235–37
British-Cuba relations and, 664–65, 753–55
Catalonian rebellion and, 182
census of 1841 in, 747
Christian reconquest of, 23, 39–42, 163
Dutch and slave trade of, 212–17
English slave trade with, 218–19
French slave treaty with, 227–29
Granada monarchy and, 83–84
Indians as slaves in, 96
Jamaica lost by, 196, 211
Louisiana acquired by, 274
monopoly policy of, 101–2, 503–4
Moorish conquest of, 34, 36–39
Netherlands and, 159
Ostend Manifesto and, 758
Portugal conquered by, 139–40
Portuguese rebellion and, 182
resident slaves of, 119–20, 145–46, 163
slave code of 1842 of, 669
slave-master relationship and, 103–4
slave merchants of, 117–19
slavery policy of, 98–101
Tordesillas Treaty and, 89
types of slaves preferred by, 399–400
U.S.-Cuba relations and, 753, 757–58
Visigothic, 34–37, 40
War of Jenkins’s Ear and, 246
Speciale, Pietro, 100n
Speedwell, 640, 784
Spinola, Antonio, 70
Spinola, Benedict, 156
Spratt, Leonidas, 765
Staël, Auguste de, 623
Staël, Anne-Louise-Germaine, Madame de, 494, 622–23, 797
Standard (Charleston), 765
Stanhope, James, first earl, 230
Stanley, John, M.P., 525
Stanley, Lieutenant, 772
Stanley, Edward, Viscount, M.P., 755
Stanton, John, 502–3
Stanton, Joseph, 552
State Department, U.S., 740
Steele, Sir Richard, 455
Stephen, James, 506, 539, 541–42, 543, 550, 592
Sterne, Laurence, 455
Sterry, Cyprian, 520
Stevenson, Andrew, 662–63, 671
Stewart, Charles, 476
Stewart, Dugald, 656
Stewart, Houston, 765
Stockton, Robert Field, 616, 617, 619–20, 690
Stoics, slavery as viewed by, 29
Stone, Michael, 518
Storey, Charles, 543
Strangford, Percy Smythe, sixth viscount, 573, 576
Strohm, John F., 661
Strong, Jonathan, 473, 475
Stronge, John, 428–29
Stronge, Matthew, 428–29
Strutt, Jedediah, 503n
Sturge, Joseph, 657, 733, 734
Stuyvesant, Peter, 186
Suárez Argudín, José Antonio, 648
Suárez de Peralta, Juan, 147
Sublimis Deus (papal bull), 125
Subordinateur, Le, 306
Sudan, 43, 62, 381, 789
Sugar Duty Act of 1846, 734, 737
sugar trade, 80, 107, 121, 206, 252, 258, 266, 275, 346, 352, 403, 449, 487, 491, 526, 584, 597, 612, 648, 734, 751, 768, 792
of Barbados, 187–88, 196
black Africans’ suitability for, 136
of Brazil, 105, 123–24, 135–38, 141, 159, 170, 187, 220, 278, 609, 630
in Caribbean area, 91, 97, 99–100, 135–36, 187–88
of Cuba, 9–10, 135, 266, 273, 281, 532, 568, 600–601, 636, 637, 650, 755
Denmark and, 256
European demand for, 189–90, 262–64
of Jamaica, 245, 275, 284, 531
Jaruco mission and, 504–5
labor conditions and, 190
of Madeira Islands, 70–71, 77
monopoly companies and, 188–89
in New World, 97, 99–100
of Puerto Rico, 100
Saint-Domingue revolution and, 529–30
of Santo Domingo, 100
steam technology and, 532, 638
sugar processing in, 135–36
Suma de Tratos y Contratos (Mercado), 146
Supreme Court, U.S., 718
Supreme Junta of Caracas, 577
Surcouf, Robert, 588
Surinam, 186, 187, 255, 436, 516, 532n, 597, 611, 612
Sutton, Richard, 458
Swan, Samuel, 691
Swanzy, Francis, 563, 659
Sweden, 172, 176, 222, 223, 252, 292, 354, 388, 450, 585
Swift, Jonathan, 238, 239, 455n
System of Moral Philosophy, A (Hutcheson), 469
System of the Principles of the Laws of Scotland (Wallace), 470
Tacón, General Miguel, 602, 639, 641–42, 644, 645, 656, 665–66, 674, 676, 752
Talbot, 176
Talbot, Charles, 474
Talleyrand-Périgord, Charles-Maurice de, 264, 583, 584, 585, 657
Tallien, Jean-Lambert, 524
Tallmadge, James, 615
Tamango (Mérimée), 624, 625, 675, 680, 709, 799
Taney, Roger Brooke, 661
Tanner, James, 206
Tapia, Cristóbal de, 100
Tappan, Lewis, 718
Tarleton, Colonel Banastre, 246, 516, 525, 528
Tarleton, John, 294, 444, 509–10, 516, 531, 536, 541
Tartar, 622, 652, 684, 715
Tashufun, Yusef ibn (the Almoravid), 39
Tassara (Spanish minister), 768–69
Tatham v. Hodgson, 539
Tavera, Juan de, 125
Tawney, R. H., 86
Taxation No Tyranny (Johnson), 478
Taylor, John, 774
Taylor, Samuel, 322, 496–97
Taylor, William, 328–29
Tegbesu, King of Dahomey, 327, 354, 358, 394–95, 695
Teggia, Angiolino del, 50
Teive, Diogo de, 70
Telléz Giron, Pedro, 665
Ten Books on Justice and Law (de Soto), 126
Terence, 27
“Teresa the Queen,” 399
Terry, Tomás, 648
Texas, 568, 614, 642, 753, 761
Theory of Moral Sentiments, The (Smith), 470, 478
Thevet, André, 307
Thistle, 572n, 612, 652
Thomas, Charles, 380
Thomas, Dalby, 206, 291, 302, 350, 352
Thomas, Elie, 253
Thomas, Hugh, 14, 526, 530, 531
Thompson, Captain, 723
Thompson, Dr., 686, 723
Thompson, General, 501
Thompson, Jacob, 770
Thompson, John, 269
Thompson, Robert, 269
Thompson, Thomas Boulden, 498
Thomson, Dr., 713
Thomson, George, 175
Thomson, James, 455, 488
Thomson, Thomas, 717
Thomson, “Waddy,” 660
Thorne, Robert, 84
Thornton, Henry, 498
Thoughts on the Slavery of the Negroes (Woods), 492n
Thoughts upon Slavery (Wesley), 477
Thoughts upon the African Slave Trade (Newton), 509
Thurlow, Edward, first Lord, 507, 509, 530, 536, 550, 553
Thurninger, Benjamin, 301
Tilley, John, 499
Times (London), 647, 667, 722, 764
Timothy, Lewis, 462
Tippoo Ti (slave trader), 704
Tiro, 26
Titu, Cusi, 103
To, Temne Chief, 498
tobacco trade, 348, 566, 570
Tobago, 170, 223, 224, 274, 339, 550, 584
Tobin, John, 565
Tobin, Thomas, 404, 409, 417, 418, 420, 423–24, 677, 737
Toca Gómez, Rafael de, 645
Toccoa, 772–73
Tod, David, 740
Toledo, Francisco de, 139
Toledo, María de, 103
Tolmé, Charles David, 642, 655, 666
Tolsey, Mr., 799
Tomba (slave), 341, 394, 425
Tondibi, Battle of, 144–45, 149
Tordesillas, Treaty of, 89, 106
Torices, Rafael, 648
Toro family, 568
Torre, Juan de la, 99
Torre de Moncorvo, Viscount of, 658–59
Torrente, Mariano, 665, 756
Torres, Alonso de, 101
Torres, Antonio de, 89
Torres, Diego de, 169
Tottenham, Major General, 517
Toucey, Isaac, 769, 770
Touchett, Samuel, 249, 273, 282, 294, 297
“Touching Barbados,” 187
Tourney (Tournai), Anthony, 323
Towerson, William, 155, 379
Towne, James, 310
Townsend, Henry, 714
Townshend, George, first marquis, 508–9
Train, George Francis, 757
trans-Saharan slave trade, 12, 33, 38, 43–47, 52, 114, 145, 180–81, 510–11, 563
Travels (Park), 540n
Treatise on the Scurvy (Lind), 245
Trenchard, Edward, 616, 618
Trent, 776, 778
triangular trade, 153–57
see also Atlantic crossing
Trinidad, 97, 280, 550, 551, 640, 641, 655, 745n
Triquier, A., 485
Trist, Nicholas, 642
Tristão, Nuno, 54, 55, 58
Tristram Shandy (Sterne), 455
Trochon, Charles, 392
Trois Cousins, 369
Trotter, Thomas, 309, 415, 419, 438
“True and Impartial Account of What We . . . Believe for the Well Carrying On of This Trade, A” (Thomas), 302
Tucker, Henry, 344–45, 687
Tucker, John, 345
Tucker, Thomas Tudor, 518
Tucker, William, 662, 665, 670, 671, 699
Tuckey, James, 564
Tuero, Antonio, 779
Tuite, Nicholas, 256
Tupac Amaru, 535
Turberville, George Lee, 500
“Turkish pass,” 314
Turnbull, David, 637, 665, 667, 668, 669, 748, 749, 760
Turner, J.M.W., 490n, 786
Turner, Thomas, 133, 675
Twelvemonth Residence in the West Indies During the Transition from Slavery to Apprenticeship, A (Madden), 655
Tyler, John, 748
Ulibarrí, Martín de, 266–67
Ulrich, Johann, 224
Umari, al-, 42–43
Underwood, Joseph, 703
United Provinces of Central America, 598
United States, 262, 284, 293, 462, 532, 545–46, 572, 577, 592, 613, 629, 651, 660, 768
anti-slavery Act of 1818 in, 616
ban on introduction of slaves into, 552
Brazil’s slave trade with, 739–40
breeding of slaves in, 570–71, 649
British search treaty of 1861 with, 775–76, 785
cotton trade of, 571–72, 597, 629
Cuban slave trade and, 534–35, 542–43, 545, 571, 572, 649, 762–63
and duty on importation of slaves, 462–63
France and, 619–20
Great Britain’s relations with, 660–64, 670–72
illegal slave trade and, 568–69, 574, 575, 614–16, 649, 660–61, 766–67
Manifest Destiny and, 752
Ostend Manifesto and, 758
Paris peace conference and, 486–87
persistence of slavery in, 619, 629, 789–90
proposed annexation of Cuba and, 752–53, 755, 757–58, 759, 768–69
proposed purchase of Cuba and, 757–58, 773–74
slavery abolished in, 776, 786
South and revival of slave trade in, 764–65
War of 1812 and, 579, 582
Webster-Ashburton Treaty and, 671–72, 769
United States Gazeteer, 297
Universal Dictionary of Trade and Commerce, The (Postlethwayte), 265
Upshur, Abel Parker, 727
Urban VIII, Pope, 451, 466
Uriarte, Miguel de, 280, 294
Urmstone, John, 258
Uruguay, 503, 577
Usselinx, Willem, 161–62, 172
Utopia (More), 124
Utrecht, Treaty of, 231, 235–36, 240
Uztarize family, 568
Váez de Acevedo, Antonio, 179
Váez Sevilla, Sebastián, 179
Váez Sevilla, Simón, 179
Valarinho, Diogo, 74
Valdés, Diego Gabriel de la Concepción, 747, 749, 756
Valdés, General Jerónimo, 666–67, 668
Valdivia, Pedro de, 103
Valença, Marquis of, 329
Valera, Carlos de, 75
Valera, Juan, 781
Valiente, Juan, 102–3
Valladolid, Juan de, 74
Vallarte (explorer), 58
Vanbrugh, John, 241
Van Buren, Martin, 660, 661, 727
van Courtlandt, John, 271, 301
van Courtlandt, Stephen, 271, 301
van der Broecke, Pieter, 160
van der Haagen, Pieter, 160
van Horne, Garret, 271
van Horne, William, 271
Vansina, J. (historian), 375
van Sirtema, Judge, 612
Vanvoorn, Adrien, 404
van Wyck, William, 487, 568
Varela, Fr. Félix, 605
Vasques, Colonel, 634
Vassall, John, 176
Vassall, Samuel, 176, 585n
Vaughan, Benjamin, 527–28
Vaughan, Charles, 600
Vaz Coutinho, Gonzalo, 144, 164, 165, 166
Vaz da Cunha, Peru, 80
Vázquez, Fernando, 99
Vázquez Queipo de Llano, Vicente, 750, 751
Vecua, 697
Vega, Diego de la, 167
Velasco, Luis de, 143
Velázquez, Diego, 89n, 112
Venezuela, 101, 122, 123, 157, 170, 186, 211, 504, 567, 568, 577, 598, 638, 643, 792
Venganza, 281
Vénus, 352
Verdaguer, José, 640–41
Verger, Pierre, 576
Vergueiro, Nicolau, 634
Veritas Ipsa (papal bull), 125
Vermont, 552
Verney, William, 430
Vernon, Edward, 275
Vernon, James, 230
Vernon, Samuel, 261, 305, 439
Vernon, William, 261, 283, 305, 439, 480, 520
Vespucci, Amerigo, 11, 86, 89, 90, 94, 112
Vestal, 721
Veturino, Giambattista, 117
Vibaldo, Agustín de, 102
Vicentius, Thomas, 40–41
Victoria, Queen of England, 696
Victorieux, 306
Vidal, Captain, 653
Vidal, Tadeo, 682–83
Vidal de Negreiros, André, 219
/> Vieira, Antonio, 183, 220, 452
Vigne, François, 684
Vilahut, Johannes, 41
Vilaret de Joyeuse, Alexis, 627
Vilhena, Maria de, 119
Vili, kingdom of, 160, 183, 202, 326–27, 365, 366, 368, 702, 795
Villadiego, Gaspar de, 95
Villalobos, Miguel de, 216
Villena, Marquis of, 179
Villeneuve, Geoffroy de, 521
Villiers, George (later fourth earl of Clarendon), 641, 649, 667, 752, 755
Vincentius, Thomas, 40–41
Vining, Harrison S., 770
Virginia, 172, 186, 197, 246, 399, 463, 500–501, 502, 615, 792, 793
breeding of slaves in, 570–71, 649
slave trade and, 174, 175, 207–8, 244–45, 258, 259, 264, 649
Virginia Times, 570
Vitoria, Francisco de, 126
Vivaldi, Ugolino, 50, 51
Vivaldi, Vadino, 50, 51
Vivaldo, Juan Fernando de, 119
Vives, Francisco Dionisio, 638–39, 641, 645
Vizcarrando, Julio, 781, 797
Vogel, Theodor, 680
Volcano do Sud, 595
Volney, Count of, 496
Voltaire (François-Marie Arouet), 235, 464–65, 467, 470n, 474n, 498, 589, 792
Voyage à la Côte de Guinée (Labarthe), 547
Voyage to Guinea, Brazil, and the West Indies (Atkins), 456
Waddell, Hope, 372, 700
Wadström, Carl Bernard, 335, 337–38, 374–79, 383, 413–14, 517, 521
Wadsworth, H. S., 616
Walker, William, 767
Wallace, George, 470, 472
Wallon, Henri, 793
Walpole, Horace (later fourth earl of Orford), 467–68, 469, 471, 525
Walpole, Sir Robert, first earl of Orford, 241, 474
Walrond, Humphrey, 211–12
Walsh, Antoine, 10, 251–52, 266, 267, 280–81, 296, 301, 306
Walsh, François-Jacques, 252
Walsh, Robert, 610, 632
Walter, John, 261
Walters, Jacob, 597
Walton, William, 504
Wanderer, 669, 766–77, 769, 770, 776
Wansoul, Joseph de, 253
Wanton, John, 260
Wanton, Joseph, 270
Wanton, William, 260
War of 1812, 579, 582
War of Jenkins’s Ear, 246
War of the Austrian Succession, 255, 266
War of the Spanish Succession, 227, 229, 231, 458
Warren, Joseph, 479
Warren, William, 774
Washington, George, 502
Waters, Richard, 705
Watkins, John, 548
Watson, Alderman, 525
Watson, Rundle, 705
Watt, Charles, 443
Watt, James, 487
Wealth of Nations (Smith), 478, 566, 573
Weber, Max, 86
Webster, Charles, 590
Webster, Daniel, 671, 748, 755
Webster-Ashburton Treaty of 1842, 671–72, 769
Wedgwood, Josiah, 493
Weekly Miscellany, 468
Wellesley, Henry, first lord Cowley, 580, 581, 583, 590
Wellesley, Richard, Marquis Wellesley, 578
Wellington, Arthur Wellesley, first duke of, 580, 583, 585, 587, 595, 596, 659–69, 712
