Orgollosa of Harim, wife of Bohemond III (i)n79
Orontes, river (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii)
Oshut (i)
Otto, bishop of Freising (1137–58), chronicler (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)n66
Pactum Warmundi (1123) (i), (ii), (iii)n144
Pagan, chancellor of Jerusalem (1115–29) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)n127
Pagan, lord of Haifa (d. after 1109) (i)
Pagan, lord of Haifa (d. after 1192) (i)
Pagan the Butler, lord of Transjordan (1126–42) (i), (ii)
painting (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)n85
Pakrad, Armenian ruler of Cyrrhus (d. 1117) (i), (ii)n52
Palermo (i), (ii), (iii)n4
Palestine (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv), (xxvi), (xxvii), (xxviii), (xxix), (xxx), (xxxi), (xxxii)n72, (xxxiii)n176
Palmarea, near Acre, assembly (1148) (i)
Paris (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)n19
school of theology (i)
Parva Mahumeria see Qubeiba
Paschal II, pope (1099–1118) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)n91, (vii)n92, (viii)n93
Pasque of Rivieri (i)
Patrick, earl of Salisbury (c.1143–68) (i)
Patzinaks (i)
peasantry (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x)
Pedro Anáyez, canon of Compostela (i)
Pedro Diáz, canon of Compostela (i)
Pelusium see Farama
Persecutio Saalardini (i), (ii)
Persia, Persians (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv)n2
Peter, archbishop of Lyon, papal legate (d. 1139) (i)n132
Peter, chancellor of Tripoli (i)
Peter, prior of the Holy Sepulchre, archbishop of Tyre (1151–64) (i), (ii)n81
Peter, vice-chancellor of Jerusalem (1174–6) (i)n20
Peter Armoin, castellan of Antioch (i)
Peter Charbonnel, knight (i)
Peter of Courtenay, brother of Louis VII of France (d. 1183) (i)
Peter the Hermit (d. 1115) (i), (ii), (iii)
Peter of Narbonne, bishop of Albara (1098–1110), archbishop of Apamea (1110–c.1123) (i), (ii)n99
Le Petit Gerin, castle (i)
Petra (i), (ii), (iii)
Philip I, king of France (1060–1108) (i)
Philip II, king of France (1180–1223) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)n61, (v)nn102, 111
crusade in the Holy Land (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)nn128, 144, 145
Philip of Alsace, count of Flanders (1168–91) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)n35, (x), (xi)n145
Philip of Dreux, bishop of Beauvais (1175–1217) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Philip of France (d. 1131) (i)n66
Philip of Milly, lord of Nablus (1144–61), lord of Transjordan (1161–6), master of the Temple (1169–71) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii)n85
Philip of Novara, jurist (d. after 1268) (i), (ii)
Philip of Plessis, master of the Temple (1201–9) (i)
Philip of Poitiers, bishop of Durham (1195–1208) (i)n116
Philippa, lady of Toron (d. 1177) (i)
Philippopolis (i)
Philomelium (i), (ii)n103
Phoenicia (i)
Piacenza, council (1095) (i)
Picardy, Picards (i)
Pie postulatio voluntatis, papal bull (1113) (i)
pilgrims, pilgrimage (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv), (xxvi), (xxvii), (xxviii), (xxix), (xxx), (xxxi), (xxxii), (xxxiii), (xxxiv), (xxxv), (xxxvi), (xxxvii), (xxxviii), (xxxix), (xl), (xli), (xlii), (xliii), (xliv), (xlv), (xlvi), (xlvii), (xlviii), (xlix), (l), (li), (lii), (liii), (liv), (lv)n1, (lvi)n37, (lvii)n75, (lviii)nn164, 171, (lix)n57, (lx)n63, (lxi)n96, (lxii)nn56, 57
Pinnenden Heath (i)
Pisa, Pisans (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)n36
fleets (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)n39
privileges (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)n77, (vii)n84, (viii)n165
Plivain, lord of Botron (c.1180–1206) (i), (ii)
Poitou (i), (ii), (iii)
Pons, count of Toulouse (1037–61) (i)
Pons, count of Tripoli (1112–37) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x)n143, (xi)n137, (xii)n99
prayer networks (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Premonstratensians (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Privilegium Balduini (1125) (i)
prostitutes (i), (ii), (iii)
Psychomachia by Prudentius (d. 405) (i)
Qadas (i)
al-Qadisiyah, battle (637) (i)
Qinnasrin (i)
Quantum praedecessores, papal bull (1145) (i)
Qubeiba (Parva Mahumeria), village west of Jerusalem (i), (ii)
Quris (i), (ii)
Qus (i)
al-Qusair, castle (i), (ii), (iii)
Qutb al-Din Malikshah, son of Kilij Arslan II (i)
Raban (i), (ii)
Rainald Mazoir, lord of Marqab, constable of Antioch (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)n23
Rainier, constable of Tripoli (i)
Rainier, prior of Hebron (i)
Rainier II of Brus, lord of Banyas (d. after 1138) (i), (ii)n89
Ralph, brother of William of Tyre (d. 1179) (i)n57
Ralph, chancellor of Jerusalem (1145–6, 1152–74), archbishop-elect of Tyre (1146–50), bishop of Bethlehem (1156–74) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)nn113, 115, (viii)n76, (ix)n20
Ralph, hermit in Jerusalem (i)
Ralph, son of Romanus of Le Puy (i)
Ralph II of Tosny (d. 1102) (i)
Ralph of Caen, chronicler (d. after 1130) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi)n97, (xii)n150
Ralph of Diceto, canon of St Paul's, London, chronicler (d. 1201) (i), (ii)n118
Ralph of Domfront, patriarch of Antioch (1135–40) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)n23
Ralph of Mauleon (i)
Ralph of Merle (d. 1152) (i), (ii)n112
Ramla (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x)n95
battle (1101) (i), (ii)
(1102) (i), (ii)n30
(1105) (i), (ii)
ransoms (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii)n25, (xiii)n18, (xiv)n68, (xv)n6, (xvi)n138
Ranulph Glanville, justiciar of England (1180–9) (d. 1190) (i), (ii)
Raphaniya (i), (ii)n98
Rashid al-Din Sinan, Syrian Assassin leader (1169–93) (i)
Ratisbon (i)
Ravendel (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Raymond, archbishop of Toledo (1124/5–52) (i)
Raymond II, count of Tripoli (1137–52) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)nn98, 101, (ix)n43
Raymond III, count of Tripoli (1152–87) 211, 215, 240, 263–7, 269–71, 274–8, 281–2, 293–304, 306–8, 312, 329, 414nn135, 145, 415n6, 417n66, 421n36, 422nn54, 57, 423n71, 424n130, 426n166 bailli of Jerusalem (1174–6) 260, 265–7 (1185–6) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)n101, (v)n112
Raymond IV, count of Toulouse (1088/93–1105), count of Tripoli (1102–5) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii)n50, (xix)n72, (xx)n8, (xxi)n45, (xxii)nn97, 101, 106
Raymond V, count of Toulouse (1148–94) (i)n111
Raymond of Aguilers, chronicler (d. early twelfth century) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)n90, (x)n31
Raymond of Antioch, son of Bohemond III (d. 1197) (i), (ii)
Raymond of Poitiers, prince of Antioch (1136–49) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv)n99
Raymond du P
uy, master of the Hospital (1120–60) (i), (ii)
Raynouard of Maraclea, lord of Tortosa (i)
Reading (i)
Red Sea (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)n110
Regensburg see Ratisbon
Reims (i), (ii)
relics (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)n42 see also True Cross
Rethel family (i), (ii)
Reynald, lord of Marash (d. 1149) (i)
Reynald, lord of Nephin (i)
Reynald, lord of Sidon (d. after 1191) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii)n91
Reynald of Châtillon, prince of Antioch (1153–63), lord of Transjordan and Hebron (1177–87), bailli of Jerusalem (1177–80) (d. 1187) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii)n96, (xiv)n60, (xv)n31, (xvi)n33, (xvii)n105, (xviii)nn32, 40
Rhineland (i)
Rhodes (i), (ii)
Rhône valley (i)
Richard, earl of Cornwall (1227–72) (i)
Richard I, king of England (1189–99)
preparations for crusade (i), (ii), (iii)n111, (iv)n150
journey to the Holy Land (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)n11, (v)nn123, 128
conquest of Cyprus (i)
crusade in the Holy Land (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)n134, (vii)nn158, 163, 165, (viii)nn169, 180
imprisonment (i)
Richard of Devizes, monk of St Swithin's, Winchester, chronicler (i)
Richard FitzNeal, bishop of London (1189–98) (i)
Richard of Marseille, abbot of St Victor (i)
Richard of Poitiers, chronicler (i)
Richard of the Principate, regent of Edessa (1104–8), lord of Marash (d. 1112) (also known as Richard of Salerno) (i), (ii), (iii)
Richard de Templo, prior of the Augustinian house of the Holy Trinity, London (1222–48 or 50) (i), (ii)n45, (iii)nn161, 169
Ridwan, ruler of Aleppo (1095–1113) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Rigord of Saint-Denis, chronicler (d. c.1209) (i), (ii)n122
Robert, archbishop of Nazareth (1138–53) (i), (ii)
Robert, canon of the Holy Sepulchre, chancery clerk (i)
Robert I, count of Dreux (1137–84) (i)
Robert II, count of Dreux (1184–1218) (i)
Robert II, count of Flanders (1093–1111) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Robert IV, lord of Sablé (d. 1193) (i)
Robert of Apulia (d. after 1100) (i)
Robert of Arbrissel (d. 1117) (i), (ii)
Robert of Craon, master of the Temple (c.1136–49) (i)n84
Robert Curthose, duke of Normandy (1087–1106) (d. 1134) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)n45, (x)n72
Robert fitz-Fulk, lord of Zardana (d. 1119) (i), (ii)n25, (iii)n155
Robert Frenellus, marshal of the Temple (d. 1187) (i)
Robert Guiscard, duke of Apulia (1059–85) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)n26
Robert of Reims, chronicler (d. after 1122) (i)
Robert of Rouen, bishop of Lydda-Ramla (1099–c.1110) (i), (ii)
Robert of St Albans, Templar (i)
Robert of St Eusebio, cardinal-legate (i)
Robert of St Lô (d. 1119) (i)
Robert of Torigny, abbot of Mont-Saint-Michel (1154–86), chronicler (i)n63, (ii)n7
La Roche Guillaume, Templar castle (i)
Rochetaille, river (i)
Roger, bishop of Tarsus (1099–c.1108) (i)
Roger, constable of Tripoli (d. after 1127) (i)n101
Roger, priest (i)
Roger I, count of Sicily (1085–1101) (i), (ii), (iii)
Roger II, king of Sicily (1130–54) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)n88, (vii)n134
Roger Borsa, duke of Apulia (1085–1111) (i), (ii)
Roger of Howden, chronicler (d. 1201/2) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)n65
Roger Malcael, vice-chancellor and seal-bearer of England (d. 1191) (i)
Roger des Moulins, master of the Hospital (1177–87) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)n1, (v)n108, (vi)nn144, 145
Roger of Salerno, regent of Antioch (1112–19) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)nn28, 29, (ix)n41
Rohard the Elder, viscount of Jerusalem (1135–47) (i)
Roman empire (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)n24
Romanus IV Diogenes, Byzantine emperor (1068–71) (i)
Romanus of Le Puy, lord of Transjordan (d. after 1133) (i), (ii)
Rome (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv)n60, (xv)n115, (xvi)n9, (xvii)n112
Second Lateran council (1123) (i)
Third Lateran council (1179) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)n149
Rorgo Fretellus, archdeacon of Antioch (i)
Descriptio (c.1137–8) (i)
Rosetta (i)
Round Cistern (i)
Ruad, island (i), (ii)
Rufinus, bishop of Acre (d. 1187) (i)
Rugia (i), (ii), (iii) see also Chastel Rouge
Rustico, lord of Caschifellone (i)n79
Sabas, Orthodox patriarch of Jerusalem (d. c.1122) (i)n146
Saewulf, early twelfth century English pilgrim (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Safad, Templar castle (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x)
Saffuriya
church of St Anne (i)n22
springs (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)n54
Safita see Chastel-Blanc
Saif al-Din Ghazi, ruler of Mosul (1146–9) (i), (ii)
Saif al-Din Ghazi, ruler of Mosul (1170–80) (i), (ii), (iii)
St Abraham see Hebron
Saint-Denis, abbey (i), (ii), (iii)n122
St Elias, Judaea, castle (i)
Saint-Gilles (i), (ii)
St Job, Hospitaller castle (i)
St Lazarus, Order (i), (ii), (iii)
Saint-Marcel, abbey, near Châlon-sur-Sâone (i)
St Peter (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Saint Ruf, Avignon, Augustinian abbey (i), (ii)
Saint Simeon (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)n134
St Stephen (d. AD 34 or 36) (i)
Saint Victor, Marseille, Augustinian abbey (i), (ii)
Saladin, Salah al-Din Yusuf, ruler of Egypt (1169–93), ruler of Syria (1174–93)
Arsuf, battle (1191) (i)
battle for Acre (1189–91) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
campaigns against the Franks (1187–9) (i), (ii), (iii)nn166, 167, (iv)n133
Damascus (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Egypt (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x)n146
Hattin, battle (1187) (i), (ii)n40, (iii)n64
Mont Gisard, battle (1177) (i), (ii)n37
shipping (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
siege and capture of Jerusalem (1187) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)n114, (vii)nn111, 125
Syria (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii)n70, (xiv)n6, (xv)n28, (xvi)n108
Third Crusade (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)n1, (vii)nn180, 188
Salerno, principality (i)
al-Salih Isma'il, ruler of Aleppo (1174–81) (i), (ii)n6
Samaria, Samaritans (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)
Samosata (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Sanjil, castle, near Tripoli (i), (ii)
Saone, lordship and castle (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)n155, plate 2
siege and capture (1188) (i)
Sarkhad (i)
Sarmada (i), (ii), (iii)
Sarmin (i), (ii)
Sarthe valley (i)
Saruj (i), (ii), (iii)
Scandelion, castle (i), (ii), (iii)
sculpture (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)n20, (vii)n21
Sebaste (i), (ii), (iii)
cathedral of St John (i)n22
Secrète (i)n80
Seleucus, Greek general (d. 281 BC) (i)
Seljuk Turks (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)n75
as-Sennabra (i), (i
i)
Serbs (i)
Servigny (i)
Sevar, governor of Aleppo (1131–42) (i)
Shaizar (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)n118, (ix)n84
Shams al-Daula see Turanshah
Shams al-Din Muhammad (i)
Shams al-Khilafa, Fatimid governor of Ascalon (i)
Shams al-Mulk see Isma'il
Sharaf al-Din Buzghush, mamluk lord of Shaqif (i)
Shaubak see Montréal
Shawar, vizier of Egypt (d. 1169) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Shenchrig (i)
Shi'ites (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
ships, shipping (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv), (xxvi), (xxvii), (xxviii), (xxix), (xxx), (xxxi)n20, (xxxii)n61, (xxxiii)n128, (xxxiv)n77, (xxxv)n11, (xxxvi)n110
Shirkuh, Asad al-Din, Kurdish military commander for the Zengids (d. 1169) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x)
Sibylla, queen of Jerusalem (1186–90) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv)nn62, 66, (xv)n110
Sibylla, wife of Bohemond III of Antioch (d. c.1194) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)n80, (v)n166
Sibylla of Anjou, countess of Flanders (d. 1165) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)n80
Sicily, Sicilians (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii)n104, (xviii)n72
Sidon (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv)n45, (xv)n128
siege and capture (1110) (i), (ii)
Sigurd Jorsalfar, king of Norway (1103–30) (i)
Siloam, spring (i)
Sinai desert (i), (ii), (iii)
Mount (i)
Sinjar (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
slaves, slavery (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x)n75, (xi)n118
Slavs (i), (ii)
Soqman, ruler of Diyar-Bakr (1101–4) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Soqman al-Qutbi, lord of Armenia and Mayyafahriqin (d. 1110) (i)
Stephanie of Courtenay, abbess of St Mary the Great, Jerusalem (d. after 1182) (i)
Stephanie of Milly, lady of Montréal (d. c.1197) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)n108
Stephen, count of Burgundy and Mâcon (d. 1102) (i)
Stephen, count of Chartres and Blois (1089–1102) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)n3, (x)n101, (xi)n30
Stephen, count of Sancerre (1151–90) (i), (ii)
Stephen, count of Saône (i)
The Crusader States Page 75
