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Index
abolitionists, 92–93, 95, 121
Ahern, Mary, 16, 150
Alcott, Louisa May, 99
Anthony, Susan B., 150
anxiety, 68, 103–4, 111, 156
arts, 54, 69
Atlanta, veterans reunion in, 152–53
Baker, James Graham, 68, 69
Barnett, Erin, 25
Beauvoir: author’s visit to, 167–71; Jefferson Davis Jr. stays at, 57–58; Sarah Dorsey and, 50–54; Varina Davis and, 143–44; Winnie Davis’s life at, 68
Berkin, Carol: on mental health of Varina Davis, 45; on Richmonders’ views on Varina Davis, 4; on Sarah Dorsey scandal, 50; on Varina Davis’s life in New York, 144
bicycling, 149–50
Bleser, Carol, 38, 52
boarding school: correspondence with Winnie Davis at, 63–65; influence of, on Winnie Davis, 138; Winnie Davis returns home from, 66, 68; Winnie Davis sent to, 43, 45–49, 54–55; Winnie Davis’s views on, 82–83
Boltz, Martha M., 137
Booth, John Wilkes, 23
Carmichael, H., 163
Carolina Insurance Company, 37–38, 40
Carolus-Duran, 114
Cashin, Joan: on Alfred Wilkinson Jr., 99; on Europe’s influence on Winnie Davis, 81–82; on guilt of Varina Davis, 155; on marriage of Jefferson and Varina Davis, 34; on reinterment of Jefferson Davis, 146; on Sarah Dorsey scandal, 51
Chesnut, Mary: correspondence with, 16; on Davis children, 4; on death of Joseph Emory Davis, 9, 11; on marriage, 80; on psychic abilities of Varina Davis, 24
chivalry, 73
cholera, 62
Clay, Clement, 38, 39
Clay, Virginia, 33, 38, 39–40, 56
clothing, 67, 91, 136, 159
Colorado Springs, Winnie visits Margaret in, 146–47
Comus, Mistick Krewe of, 134–36
Convent of the Assumption, 46
Cook, Cita, 27, 78, 85, 161
Cook, Jane, 28
Coski, John, 114
cotillions, 94
Couling, Mary P., 7
courtly rituals, 73
Couvrette, Cyprian, 122–23
Cox, Karen, 77
Crenshaw, Lewis, 2
Crist, Lynda L., 44
“Cult of Domesticity and True Womanhood,” 16
Custer, Libbie, 129, 130
Daughter of the Confederacy: attributes of, 79; marriage as threat to image as, 101–2; self-sacrifice as, 140; as trap, 164–65; Winnie Davis christened as, 74–76; Winnie Davis’s acceptance of role as, 83; Winnie Davis’s duties as, 133–37
Davies, William, 8
Davis, Jane Cook, 28
Davis, Jefferson: achievements of, 170–71; Alfred Wilkinson and, 96–100; Beauvoir as monument to, 169; and birth of Winnie Davis, 14–15; bounty on, 19; capture of, 24–26; death of, 106–7; and death of J.E.B. Stuart, 13; and death of Jefferson Davis Jr., 59, 60–62; and death of Joseph Emory Davis, 7–9; and death of Samuel Emory Davis, 10; and death of William Howell Davis, 40; depression of, 111; and disbursement of Confederate funds, 22; early married years and political career of, 32–34; early years and first marriage of, 28–30; and education of Winnie Davis, 41–42, 45–47, 48, 54; endurance of, 153–54; evacuates Richmond, 17–18; as father, 2–3; fetches Winnie Davis from boarding school, 66; health of, 156; imprisonment of, 26–27; influence of, on Winnie Davis, 138; Jefferson Davis Jr. as defender of, 56; Jefferson Davis Jr.’s relationship with, 57–58; Lincoln assassination and, 23; marries Varina Howell, 31–32; memoirs of, 70–71; parallels between Robert Emmet and, 87–88; public’s love for, 81; during Reconstruction, 36–38; relationship with Varina Davis, 34; released from prison, 35; remains of, moved to Hollywood Cemetery, 145–46; rising popularity of, 74; Sarah Dorsey and, 49–54; St. Paul’s Episcopal Church and, 162; stress on, 1, 14; and Virginia Clay scandal, 38–40; Winnie Davis’s relationship with, 68
Davis, Jefferson Jr. (“Jeff”): birth of, 33; death of, 58–62, 63; and death of Joseph Emory Davis, 7–8, 9; and evacuation of Richmond, 17–18; following Confederate surrender, 22; life and personality of, 56–58; physical appearance of, 4–5
Davis, Joseph, 28, 109, 111
Davis, Joseph Emory (“Little Joe”), 5, 7–11, 63
Davis, Margaret (“Maggie,” “Pollie”): attends Winnie’s funeral, 164; continuation of Davis legacy through, 141; death of, 165; and death of Jefferson Davis Jr., 61; and death of Winnie Davis, 158; depression of, 63–64; and evacuation of Richmond, 17–18; following Confederate surrender, 22; income of, 142; loses first son to cholera, 62; marriage of, 43–44; personality of, 169; physical appearance of, 4; and reinterment of Jefferson Davis, 146; relationship with Varina Davis, 126; as representative woman, 76; Sarah Dorsey and, 50–51; Varina Davis lives with, 53; Winnie Davis visits, in Colorado Springs, 146
Davis, Samuel, 28
Davis, Samuel Emory, 10
Davis, Sarah Knox “Knoxie” Taylor, 10, 29, 31, 97
Davis, Varina: absence of, at deaths of offspring, 62–63; Alfred Wilkinson and, 92, 96–100, 107–9, 117, 124–27; announces Winnie Davis’s engagement, 119–20; arranges restorative trip for Winnie Davis, 96; attends Winnie Davis’s funeral, 163–64; and birth of Winnie Davis, 14–15; and capture of Jefferson Davis, 24, 25; character of, 3–4; Charles Dudley Warner and, 86–87; death of, 165; and death of Jefferson Davis Jr., 59, 60, 61–62; and death of Joseph Emory Davis, 7–11; and death of Samuel Emory Davis, 10; and death of William Howell Davis, 40; and death of Winnie Davis, 155, 157, 158, 159; delays Winnie Davis’s wedding date, 124; early married years of, 32–33; and education of Winnie Davis, 41–42, 45–46, 54; and evacuation of Richmond, 17–20; on fame of Winnie Davis, 86, 89; family and early years of, 30–31; fetches Winnie Davis from boarding school, 66; flees south, 21–22; following Confederate surrender, 22–23; on health of Winnie Davis, 103; as hostess, 3; and illness of Winnie Davis, 154–55; ill physical and emotional health of, 45, 47; and imprisonment of Jefferson Davis, 27; Joseph Pulitzer and, 84; on Lincoln assassination, 23; marriage of, 31–32; as member of United Daughters of the Confederacy, 77; as mother, 1–2; moves to New York City, 142–45; during Reconstruction, 36–38; and reinterment of Jefferson Davis, 146; relationship with Jefferson Davis, 28, 34; and release of Jefferson Davis from prison, 35; Sarah
Dorsey and, 49, 50, 51, 52–54; on stress of war, 14; superstitious side of, 24, 159; vacations at Narragansett Pier, 153–54; and Virginia Clay scandal, 38–40; visits Emory family in Syracuse, 91; and will of Winnie Davis, 150; on Winnie Davis as Daughter of the Confederacy, 165; Winnie Davis as favorite child of, 44; on Winnie Davis’s appearance, 67; Winnie Davis’s desire to please, 152; Winnie Davis’s relationship with, 15–16
Davis, Varina Anne (“Winnie”). see Davis, Winnie
Davis, William C.: on capture of Jefferson Davis, 26; on fame of Winnie Davis, 86; on marriage of Jefferson and Varina Davis, 32; on marriage of Jefferson Davis and Sarah Knox Taylor, 29; on mythmaking, 75; on relationship of Winnie and Jefferson Davis, 68; on reunion of Winnie and Jefferson Davis, 66; on veterans’ affection for Winnie, 80
Davis, William Howell (“Billy): death of, 40; description of, 5; and evacuation of Richmond, 17–18; following Confederate surrender, 22
Davis, Winnie: appearance, character, and culture of, 66–68; birth and early years of, 14–16; death of, 154–58, 164–66; education of, 41–43, 45–49, 54–55, 81–83; funeral of, 157, 158–64
demoralization, following Civil War, 35–36
depression: of Margaret Davis, 62, 63–64; of Varina Davis, 45, 63; of Winnie Davis, 68, 107, 111, 114–15. see also melancholy
Dew, Bessie Martin, 57, 59, 60, 88–89
diary, of Winnie Davis, 113–18
Dolensky, Suzanne T., 44
Dorsey, Sarah, 49–53, 62, 143
dream(s): of Jefferson Davis Jr., 58; of Varina Davis, 24, 159
Early, Jubal, 119–20
education: of Jefferson Davis, 28; of Jefferson Davis Jr., 56–57; of Varina Davis, 30–31; of Winnie Davis, 41–43, 45–49, 54–55, 66, 81–83
Edwards, Harry Stillwell, 132
Egypt, 150–51
Emmet, Robert, 87–88
Emory, Thomas, 90
Emory, William H., 90
engagement to Alfred Wilkinson: announcement of, 119–21; breaking, as sacrifice for Lost Cause, 132–34; challenges to, 101–5, 107–12, 115–16, 124–26; change in Winnie Davis following broken, 131–32; and delayed wedding date, 124; permission granted for, 96–100; rumors regarding dissolution of, 129–31; Winnie Davis breaks off, 126–28
etiquette, 95, 109
Europe: diary of trip to, 113–18; influence of, on Winnie Davis, 81–83, 138; Winnie Davis travels with Pulitzers in, 104, 106–10
Evans, Augusta Jane, 132–33
excess of passion, as ailment, 104
Executive Mansion: evacuation of, 18; life in, 2–3; Lincoln tours, 21; parties and receptions in, 3
fame of Winnie Davis: beginning of, 74–76, 78–80; increased, 83–86, 88–89, 134–37
fashion, 67, 91, 136, 159
Faust, Drew Gilpin, 36, 133
Ferrell, Charles Clifton, 26, 66
fire, at Harperly Hall, 121–23
Fort Monroe, Jefferson Davis imprisoned in, 26–27
Foster, Gaines, 72, 75, 77–78
Freedman’s Bureau, 36
Friedlander, Rosalie, 54
funeral of Winnie Davis, 157, 158–64
Gibbs, Suzanne Scott, 44
Gibson, Dana, 149
Gibson Girl, 149
“Good Death,” 59–60
Gordon, John B., 74, 166
Grant, Ann, 145
Grant, Julia Dent, 145
Griffith, Richard, 10
hair, ornaments made from, 160
Hardin, David, 73, 141
Hardison, Keith, 79
Harperly Hall, fire at, 121–23
Harrison, Burton, 18, 23
Harrison, Constance “Connie” Cary: correspondence with, 86, 103, 154, 155; on J.E.B. Stuart, 12; on Joseph Emory Davis, 9; in New York City, 145; on Varina Davis, 4
Hayes, Joel Addison: and death of Jefferson Davis Jr., 59–60; helps Jefferson Davis Jr., 58; loses first son to cholera, 62; marriage of, 43–44; relationship with Jefferson Davis, 60–61; Winnie Davis’s correspondence with, 63–65
Hayes, Margaret Davis. see Davis, Margaret (“Maggie,” “Pollie”)
Hayes, Varina, 64
Hayes-Davis, Bertram, 167–71
Hayes-Davis, Carol, 167–71
Hayes-Davis, Jefferson Addison, 62, 84–85, 154, 165
health: and engagement of Winnie Davis, 96–97, 100, 101; factors affecting Winnie Davis’s, 156; of Jefferson Davis, 61, 106–7, 156; of Varina Davis, 45, 47; of Winnie Davis, 103–4, 111; of Winnie Davis during youth, 48, 67; of Winnie Davis following Atlanta veterans reunion, 152–55; of Winnie Davis following death of father, 107; of Winnie Davis following trip to Egypt, 151. see also depression; nervous disorders
Heath, Frederick M., 38
Hendrick, Burton J., 30
Hoge, Moses D., 163
Hollywood Cemetery, 145–46
Howell, Margaret: character of, 4; and evacuation of Richmond, 18; as unwed mother, 109, 110–11; Varina Davis’s frustration with, 63
Howell, Margaret Kempe, 30
Howell, Richard, 30
Howell, William, 30
How the Other Half Lives (Riis), 144
Hughes, Robert, 149
humility of Winnie Davis, 78, 88, 91
intellect of Winnie Davis, 38, 41, 66, 68, 88, 138
intellectual “fever,” 38
An Irish Knight of the 19th Century (Davis), 87–88
Italy, restorative trip to, 107–10, 114–16
Janney, Caroline E., 77
“Jerry Rescue” of 1851, 92–93
Johnson, Clint, 24–25
Jones, Ellen, 18
Jones, James, 18
Jones, John B., 13
Kempe, James, 87
Kempe, Margaret, 30
Kimbrough, Mary Craig, 129, 135–40, 142
Kimbrough, Mary Hunter Southworth, 135–36, 137, 143
Ku Klux Klan (KKK), 36
Ladies’ Home Journal, 143
Ladies’ Memorial Associations, 77–78
Lanigan, Alice Graham, 143
Lankford, Nelson, 21
LaPlante, Eve, 99
Lee, Mary, 36
Lee, Mildred, 70, 76
Lee, Robert E.: advises evacuation of Richmond, 17; and birth of Winnie Davis, 15; St. Paul’s Episcopal Church and, 162; surrenders to Ulysses S. Grant, 22
Likins, Jamie, 78
Limber, James, 5, 18
Lincoln, Abraham: assassination of, 19, 23; tours Executive Mansion, 21
Lincoln, Tad, 21
literary career of Winnie Davis: beginning of, 86–88; in New York City, 143, 147; as outlet for Winnie Davis’s personal views, 148–50; success of, 151; Winnie Davis’s concern for, 155
loneliness, 82
Lost Cause: broken engagement as sacrifice for, 132–34, 140; Jefferson Davis as symbol of, 71; United Daughters of the Confederacy and, 77–78; Winnie Davis as embodiment of, 74–75, 83; Winnie Davis as souvenir of, 164. see also Daughter of the Confederacy
Lovell, John, 87
luck, Winnie’s birth as sign of, 15
Lyons, Imogene Penn, 16
Macaria; or, Altars of Sacrifice (Evans), 132–33
Mardi Gras, 70, 134–37
marriage: Confederate veterans’ views on, 80; of Jefferson Davis and Sarah Knox “Knoxie” Taylor, 29–30; of Jefferson Davis and Varina Howell, 31, 34; of Margaret Davis and Joel Addison Hayes, 43–44; treatment of, in Winnie Davis’s novels, 148–49; Winnie Davis’s views on, 34. see also engagement to Alfred Wilkinson
Martin, Bessie, 57, 59, 60, 88–89
May, Samuel Joseph, 92–93, 121
McHenry, William, 92
melancholy, 67, 114–15, 116, 136, 161. see also depression
Memphis, Tennessee, 38–41, 58–59
Memphis Female Seminary, 41
Meredith, Pinnie, 46
Mexican War, 32
Misses Friedlanders’ School for Girls. see boarding school; Friedlander, Rosalie
Missouri Daughte
rs of the Confederacy, 77
Mistick Krewe of Comus, 134–36
Mitchell, Reid, 135
Moderates, 36
Montgomery, Alabama, 81
Morgan, James, 18
Morgan, W. H.: Alfred Wilkinson’s correspondence with, 115; Varina Davis’s correspondence with, 92, 97, 98, 100, 107, 108–9, 127
Morris, James McGrath, 84, 110
Mount Vesuvius, 115, 116
mythmaking, 75
Narragansett Pier, 153–54
nervous disorders, 67, 68, 103–4, 111, 156
neurasthenia, 67, 103–4, 111, 114–15
New Orleans, 70, 134–37
New Woman, 149–50, 151
New York City: Winnie and Varina Davis start over in, 142–45; Winnie Davis’s life and career in, 147; Winnie Davis visits, 85–86, 88–89
obedience: of Winnie Davis, 48, 97, 128; of women, 32, 148. see also peoplepleaser, Winnie Davis as
otherness, of Winnie Davis, 81–83
“outsiders,” 73, 121, 139–40
Page, Thomas Nelson, 142
painting, 54, 69
Paris, France, 66, 106–7
people-pleaser, Winnie Davis as, 41, 97, 105, 115–16, 128, 152. see also obedience
Pierce, Franklin, 33
Powell, E. Alexander, 93, 94
pregnancy, possible, of Winnie Davis, 108–11
President in Petticoats! Civil War Propaganda in Photographs (2012), 25
psychic abilities: of Jefferson Davis Jr., 58; of Varina Davis, 24, 159
Pulitzer, Joseph Jr., 84–85
Pulitzer, Joseph Sr.: friendship with, 84–85; provides work for Winnie and Varina Davis, 143; trip to Europe with, 104, 106, 110
Pulitzer, Kate: and death of Winnie Davis, 156–57; friendship with, 84, 85–86; social life of, 110; trip to Egypt with, 150–51; trip to Europe with, 104, 106, 113–14, 116; Varina Davis’s correspondence with, 96
Pulitzer, Ralph, 106, 150–51
Queen of a Mystic Court (Kimbrough), 135, 137–40
Queen of Comus, 134–37
racial purity, of Southerners, 139–40
Radical Reconstructionists, 36
raglan cloak, 25
reconciliation between North and South, Winnie Davis’s engagement as sign of, 100, 120
Reconstruction, 36–37, 72–74