Marion Daily Star (Marion, Ohio) April 14, 1923
RELICS OF LOST RACE ARE FOUND
Cemetery, 1,500 Years Old, Is Bared in Oregon
MANY SKULLS AND IMPLEMENTS FOUND
Ancient Race of Mound Builders Taught by Asiatics, is Theory Held.
Portland, Ore., April 14.-Pages of history were turned back to the year 500A. D., when Buddhist missionaries taught the dwellers along the Pacific slope, in the discovery near Albany, Oregon, of what is pronounced a burial ground of an ancient race of mound builders.
A farmer, Clyde Peacock, unearthed the relics while plowing his fields, the plowshare was caught by a rock and after digging the rock out it was found to cover a fine specimen of mortar. Further digging unearthed skulls, knives, skeletons, charcoal, pestles and additional mortars.
Thirteen well-preserved skulls have been removed from the excavation, which is fifty feet long, twenty feet wide and about two feet deep. Disintegrated skeletons, pestles and mortars were found with most of the skulls.
The people of the race were of great size and strength, according to J. G. Crawford, local authority on prehistoric specimens. He examined the skulls and bones carefully. They vary in weight and some are thinner than others. The teeth in a few are badly worn, while others are in nearly perfect condition.
Crawford believes that the mound builders covered the bodies of their dead with earth and built fires over them, thus baking the forms. He is of the opinion that the custom was derived from Buddhistic missionaries 500 years after the birth of Christ, and preceded the time when the North American Indians inhabited the section of the country.
Amateur archaeologist of the vicinity advanced the theory that the plot was once the burial ground of the Indians. Crawford, however, declared the skulls to be those of mound builders after closely comparing them with other specimens of mound builders and Indians he had in his laboratory.
As many as thirty mounds have been opened in the district surrounding the present discovery within the last few years. Their contents have been distributed among various museums. From evidence obtained so far it is held possible that there may have been communication between the mound builders and people who inhabited the mesas and Mexico. Color is added to this theory by the type of decorations found upon relics in the mounds and from the fact that the mound builders evidently incorporated sun worship with their phallic ceremonies. In some instances remnants of clay alters have been found in the center of the mound surrounded by cluttered heaps of human bones.
That the mounds precede the advent of the white man is believed to be conclusively proved by the fact that no beads or metal such as the Indians traded have ever been found.
Bancroft’s Native Races, 1882 Shell mounds are described as very abundant throughout Vancouver Island, and also on the mainland, and all are composed of species of shells still common in the coast waters. One at Comex covers three acres, and is from two to fourteen feet deep. The relics discovered in mounds of this class include stone hammers; arrow points of flint, slate, and of a hard green stone; spear-heads, knives, needles, and awls, of stone and bone, one of the knives being sixteen inches long and of whale-bone; bone wedges, sometimes grooved; and finally stone mortars, comparatively few in number, since acorns and seeds were not apparently a favorite article of food. Human skeletons also occur in the shell mounds. At Comex a skeleton is said to have been found with a bone knife broken off in one of the bones. Mr. Deans believes he can distinguish two distinct types of skulls in Vancouver Island-the ‘long-headed’ in the older cairns, and the ‘broad-headed’ in the shell mounds and modern graves: and this distinction is independent of artificial flattening, which it seems was practiced in a majority of cases on skulls of both types.
In addition to the mounds, Mr. Dean states that earth-works very similar to those found in the eastern states are found at many localities in British Columbia. Indeed, he has sent me several plans, cut from Squire’s work on the antiquities of New York, which by a simple change in the names of creeks and in the scale would represent equally well the northwestern works
Fitchburg Sentinel , (Fitchburg Massachusetts) January 16, 1904
A Gigantic Skeleton
Bones of a Man Eleven Feet in Height
Winnemucca, Nevada, Jan. 16-Workmen engaged in digging gravel here have uncovered a number of bones that once were parts of the skeleton of a gigantic human being. Dr. Camels pronounced them bones of a man who must have been 11 feet in height.
The Standard (Albert Lea, Minnesota) November 11, 1882
There were giants, or, at least, there was one giant in those days, when the imprint of a foot nineteen
inches long and six inches broad, recently discovered in Nevada, was made. As there are marks of
bristles along the edges, it is not believed by all that it was a human monster that trod there, but what
sort of creature it was is still a matter of doubt.
Helena Independent , December 6, 1925
Nevada Once Home Of Tribe Of Giants
Huge Skeletons Found In Burial Mounds Of “Lost City”
Reno-Announcement of an appropriation of $25,000 by the Haye Foundation for thorough investigation of Nevada’s “lost city” has stimulated wide interest in this buried metropolis of a vanished people. Located in the triangle formed by Arizona, California and the mighty Colorado river, the ruins have been explored sufficiently to prove existence of a far flung city, centuries before Columbus sailed for the New World.
Scores of ancient houses and buildings have been uncovered, the broad streets of a well-ordered city exposed and hundreds of skeletons found in burial mounds.
Race of Giants Indicated
The explorers have recovered treasures in pottery, Indian jewelry, ancient weapons and utensils of domestic life. Skeletons over seven feet long indicate that a giant race once held sway over the Southwest. Weapons, bead work, pottery and other articles indicate a high state of culture.
The preliminary excavation show houses strongly built of stone and clay, rectangular in design and of Pueblo character. Rooms were well furnished and in larger buildings were places where families evidently gathered to feast and hold counsel. Well woven blankets, skins finely tanned and many products of agriculture indicate a civilization infinitely surpassing anything found in this country by early colonist.
Still Older City Beneath
The city apparently was built on the ruins of a more ancient metropolis, and this deeply buried debris of the past may shed light on the peoples who populated the Western Continent when Rome dominated the nations of the Old World.
Exploration may also reveal the story of the catastrophe that overwhelmed the city and blasted its people to dust. Did an invading tribe level the buildings and stamp out the inhabitants? Or was destruction wrought by the heavy hand of nature? Why was no evidence of the culture of the lost city handed down in tradition.
Change in Climate Seen
The general impression of the explorers is that the city flourished in a vast fertile area, and that pronounced climatic changes converted a region of abundant moisture into arid desert. Possibly volcanic eruptions buried rivers and springs.
A few miles from the ruins pictures show a beautiful girl being sacrificed by a high priest of the tribe, and hieroglyphs explain that the lovely maiden was offered in vain to the rain god after seasons of heat had blasted crops and dried up springs and streams.
Did an invading tribe level the buildings and stamp out the inhabitants? Or was destruction wrought by the heavy hand of nature? Why was no evidence of the culture of the lost city handed down in tradition.
Archaeologist to Send Expedition to Explore Graveyards in New Mexico
Where Bodies Were Unearthed
Special to the New York Times
Los Angeles, Cal., Feb. 10. -Owing to the discovery of the remains of a race of giants in Guadalupe, N. M., antiquarians and archaeologist are preparing an expedition further to explore that region. This dete
rmination is based on the excitement that exist among the people of a scope of country near Mesa Rico, about 200 miles southeast of Las Vegas, where an old burial ground has been discovered that has yielded skeletons of enormous size.
Luciana Quintana, on whose ranch the ancient burial plot is located, discovered two stones that bore curious inscriptions, and beneath these were found in shallow excavations the bones of a frame that could not have been less than 12 feet in length. The men who opened the grave sat the forearm was 4 feet long and that in a well preserved jaw the lower teeth ranged from the size of a hickory nut to that of the largest walnut in size. The chest of the being is reported as having the circumference of seven feet.
Quintanaq, who has uncovered many other burial places, expresses the opinion that perhaps thousands of skeletons of a race of giants long extinct will be found. This supposition is based on traditions handed down from the early Spanish invasion that have detailed knowledge of the existence of a race of giants that inhabited the plains of what now is Eastern New Mexico. Indian legends and carvings also in the same section indicate the existence of such a race.
Indiana Progress, (Indiana Pennsylvania) October 14, 1891
The gigantic skeleton of a man who measured eight feet six inches in height was recently dug up by
some laborers near the Jordan River, just outside Salt Lake City, Utah.
New York Times , March 17, 1924
Find Skeleton of Giant
Idaho Road Men Dig Up Bones of Prehistoric Herbivorous Woman
Lewiston, Idaho, March 16 (Associated Press)- A huge skeleton, believed to be that of a prehistoric human being, has been discovered in the Salmon River country, south of here, by two members of the State Highway Department who have brought their find to this city.
The lower jaw and vertebrae will be sent to the Smithsonian Institution at Washington, D. C., for analysis as to the probable date of existence.
The bones were found in the side of a cliff at a depth estimated to be fifty feet. Nearly the entire skeleton was recovered.
Measuring more than eight feet in height and possessing numerous strange features, the skeleton has aroused widespread interest. Three physicians pronounced it to be that of a woman.
Belief that the person was of a herbivorous race had been expressed, owing to the peculiar formation of the jaws and teeth. Both the upper and lower have only ten teeth each and all are intact.
Malcom Rogers who was the former director of the Museum of Man in San Diego, named the
remains in the shell mounds as the “La Jollans.” At several campsites near burial cairns he observed
many broken artifacts, and reported in,
Ancient Hunters of the Far West, 1964, Malcom Rogers “He
concluded that these implements had been “sacrificed” in some ceremony, perhaps in the vaguest sense
of religion, or at death, or merely an act of departure.” “Dr. Spencer Rogers, Chairman of the
Department of Anthropology at San Diego, “There is an impressive similarity in many physical characteristics between La Jollan and the prehistoric populations of the Island of Kyushu, Japan.”
Migrations of the Cro-Magnon, Hunters and Fishers to the North American Atlantic Coast
Cultural and physical similarities are substantial in comparing the remains of the Maritime peoples
of the northeastern Atlantic coast of North America and those from the European Atlantic period
(5,600-2,250 B.C.). Burials from this period in Northern Europe have been found in glacial kames and
shell mounds. Burials were found within pits where fires were evident. Other northern European burial
pits have been found that were lined with bark. The use of red ochre on the bones or as an inclusion
within the burials were commonly found within graves. Some of the burial mounds have showed
evidence of a charnel house. Also present within graves are implements of flint and slate that were
sometimes intentionally broken before placed with the burials. Some of the bodies were oriented to the
east, that may be evidence of solar worship. Bodies were also interred in a sitting position. Some of the
skulls were described as “large” or “massive” with well developed eye ridges, large jaws and a sloping
forehead. The Maritime populations have been determined by scientists as a mix of Cro-Magnon,
European and Mongolian.
“The Prehistory of Eastern Europe, Mesolithic, Neolithic and Copper Age Cultures in Russia and the
Baltic Area.” By Marija Gimbutas, 1956. “The abilities in art of the hunters-fishers are shown by
geometric and biomorphic designs on objects of daily use and on amulets and also carvings in amber
and by pick engravings. The pattern on bone and horn tools were either incised or made up of small
holes orbits of regular shape, probably made by a bow drill.”
Antler Combs or Hairpins from Cape Cod shell heap. Both sides of “ b,” are shown, and the incised geometrical lines were originally colored. Image is from “Archaeology of Maine” 1922 by Wm. Moorehead.
Bone spear with tally marks from “Archaeology of Maine” 1922 by Wm. Moorehead.
A migration of the European Maritime Hunters and Fishers to the east coast has been argued by
several historians including, F. Ridley who stated in “Transatlantic Contacts of Primitive Man,
Eastern Canada and Northwestern Russia, “For several years, similarities between the Archaic
implement complex of the St. Lawrence Valley of northeastern North Americas and those of the
Atlantic and Arctic cultures of northwestern Europe have been recognized (Spaulding, 1946; Gjessing,
1948). The Atlantic culture dated for a period of 5000 B.C. to 2500 B.C. and the northeastern North
America Archaic dated approximately 3000 to 1000 B.C., made common use of the polished gouge,
polished celt, ground slate knives and ground slate projectile points (Ritchie, 1951). The Arctic culture
of Scandinavia, succeeding the Atlantic culture, continued use of these implements and added the
mortuary custom of covering the body with red paint, a custom common in the northeastern North
America Archaic cultures. Gjessing (1948) states that large series of barbed slate points found in
Northern Norway are identical with those of the Red Paint Archaic culture of Nova Scotia and New
England. The comparison in northern Europe extends eastward across Russia to the northern Ural
Mountains, for here in use at 2500 B.C. were stemmed and corner-removed points, beveled adzes, leaf
shaped knives plus the implements listed above. In summary, the primitive people of the St. Lawrence Valley in North America and those on Northern Europe from Scandanavia to the Ural Mountains,
shared a tool and mortuary complex which appeared first in Europe.” A series of tools from the Maritime people from Sweden on the left and Maritime Archaic from Maine on the right. The most prolific tools being the celt and the gouge that was used in the construction of boats or dugouts. Plummets are also found in abundance in the Baltic and the eastern and western shores of North America associated with Maritime peoples. They are also found in burial mounds in the Ohio Valley within Hopewell burial mounds.
The Maritime Archaic people were initially located within coastal regions of Maine, New
Brunswick, Quebec, Labrador and Newfoundland. They are also called the Red Paint People because
of their penchant to include red ochre within their burials. They were originally seafarers who utilized
deep-water fishing for large game fish including swordfish as part of their diet, along with harbor seals,
auk, and other seabirds. They also hunted Caribou in the tundra of the northeast. Their implements
were, plummets, ground slate and bone spears and lances, ulus (semi-circular knives), bone toggling
; harpoons and awls, and some large corner notched and leaf shaped stone and slate points and some
made from exotic quartzite from Ramah Bay in northern Labrador, where they traveled over a thousand
miles by boat. The most prolific artifact that ties these circumpolar people together are the plummets.
Several plummets from Maine that were found in “Red Paint” graves “Archaeology of Maine” 1922 by Wm. Moorehead.
The most wide spread burial type in the Late Archaic that is found across the American continent are
the shell mounds. The use of shell mounds to inter the dead began as early as 6,000 B.C. and was
continued into historic times by Native Americans. Within the lower levels of the shell mounds are
found, plummets, adzes, whale-tail batons, strait and notched stemmed spearheads of slate, flint and
copper, stone ornaments, antler and bone combs. Many times these grave offerings are found “broken”
within the grave.
Mussels provided an generous food source to these early setters whom discarded the shells in heaps
that over time grew into large mounds. Shell mounds were both house sites and the repositories for the
dead. The dead were placed within a pit either in a flexed, extended or sitting position. Children have
been found accompanied by a dog in these shell heaps, to protect them in the afterlife as they did in
this.
Shell mounds with identical artifacts and skeletal remains are found throughout the extent of coastal
North America, from the Atlantic to the Gulf of Mexico to the Pacific and represent the first pan
American civilization. Shell mounds on the Eastern seaboard, are similar to those on the west coast,
with slate spears, plummets, red ochre, and large skeletons resting, in some cases, on a bed of ashes.
Stephen Coons and other archaeologist have remarked on the similarities of the skulls from Denmark, that looked like a certain type of American Indian, notably that of the North American
The Nephilim Chronicles: Fallen Angels in the Ohio Valley Page 6
