Comets have been sighted and written about for thousands of years. They have been seen as messengers of God or omens of evil. But where do they come from? There are really two known sources of comets. The Kuiper Belt, which is just beyond Neptune, is said to contain a billion comets, which are ice-and-rock bodies left over from the formation of the solar system. The other source of comets is known as the Oort Cloud which basically surrounds our entire solar system and is said to contain a million million comets, more than all the stars in the entire Milky Way. I remember in the '80s when I first watched Carl Sagan's ‘Cosmos’, they were estimating that there were 100 million stars in the Milky Way. By the year 2004 it was estimated to be 100 billion stars. This is another quick indication of how our knowledge is evolving and how it shapes our perceptions. One of the theories of how the Oort Cloud actually formed, is that during the creation of the solar system, besides all the material that made up the giant planets, there must have been many frozen balls of ice and dust that were influenced by the gravity of the gas giants, in the same way that objects in the asteroid belt came under the influence of Jupiter. It is possible that some of these icy objects were pulled into orbits, taking them close to the Sun, and as a result evaporated. Those that did not evaporate, were flung out from the region of the giant planets and ended up in giant orbits, possibly taking them 100,000 times as far from the Sun as Earth. This is a distance of some 15 million million kilometres, which is so far away from the Sun, that the dirty snowballs were partly influenced by the gravity of other stars. Over billions of years their orbits got smoothed out and they became a spherical shell of comets around the solar system, now known as the Oort Cloud. Although this is a theory, the Oort Cloud remains a reality, consisting of all those billions of comets, large and small.
The comets that we see from time to time are all on elongated elliptical orbits around the Sun. They broke away from their parent cloud and were hurled towards the Sun. They keep coming in close to the Sun as they round it, and then get flung out into deep space with a kind of pendulum effect. Their orbits can be many thousands of years. What is very interesting is the similarity of the orbits of these comets and the theoretical orbit of the elusive Planet X. If you choose to believe the Sumerian scriptures, the orbit of Planet X, which they called ‘Nibiru’, is very similar to that of the comets that orbit the Sun. “A large elliptical orbit” is what the clay tablets called it, all those thousands of years ago. But since we modern civilised humans only discovered the last three planets in our solar system in the past 220 years, it is difficult for us to comprehend how someone 6,000 years ago could have known so much about our solar system and other planets beyond. This is a very disturbing reality which clearly points to our gross lack of knowledge relating to the cosmos in the 21st century. But just very recently we were handed a clear reminder of what some maverick astronomers have been trying to prove for a few hundred years, and in the process restoring some lost pride in the modern day cosmologists – the existence of Planet X. This is not some fancy science fiction name made up by wacky students, but simply the Roman numeral X, which stands for the number 10. Planet X is the tenth planet in our known solar system. One other interesting point I should raise, is the accidental symbolism that also dates back to Sumer and a certain ‘planet of the crossing’ which was often represented by a cross on their clay tablets and cylinders. We will examine these ancient artefacts later in the book but for now let us examine a story about a French astronomer, Alessandro Morbidelli, who in 2003 dared to suggest that there may be a large planet way beyond Pluto, which is on an elongated elliptical orbit around the Sun that lasts about 3,600 years. The similarities between the facts in his article and the Sumerian texts are quite staggering. The interesting thing is that seemingly, the French astronomer had never heard of the Sumerian stories of the planet called Nibiru.
And so the obsession with Planet X goes on. In February 2003, a prestigious French monthly called Science & Vie, published an update on the planetary makeup of our Solar System, in light of recent discoveries in the Kuiper Belt. The article made the sensational announcement that there is one more, unknown, planet in our solar system. The writer called it “A phantom planet whose possible orbit is too elongated to be seen”. The article was based on statements by Frenchman, Alessandro Morbidelli, an astronomer at France’s observatory at Côte d’Azur. He suggested that while the solar system was chaotic in the beginning, there was a celestial collision involving a planet that existed where the asteroid belt is today. This all happened about 3.9 billion years ago and as a result of those events the so called ‘Phantom Planet’ is caught in this unusually long elliptical orbit of several thousand years. He further stated, “I expect that one day we will discover a new, Mars-sized planet!”. He also provided the journal with a proposed sketch of the elongated orbit which included a speculative guess on where the planet may have been at that point in time. Is it a coincidence that this sketch is virtually identical to that of Zecharia Sitchin, which he proposed in his book The 12th Planet in 1976? Since this French astronomer is not the first to be talking about Planet X with such certainty, it seems to me that this kind of speculation is too close to be coincidence. There must be something more to this obsession than mere speculation by a handful of ‘wacky’ scientists n search of an invisible planet. Not so invisible it seems, as many scientists have presented mathematical calculations that point to the existence of something in deep space which supports their calculations.
Sitchin has become a leading authority in the analyses of ancient Sumerian clay tablets. He is said to own the largest private collection of over 800 ancient cuneiform clay tablets. Sitchin has studied these and other tablets extensively for many years and has deciphered and also interpreted many complex messages and presented startling theories, which are now being taken more seriously by growing numbers of broad-minded scientists. One of the many stories inscribed on some of the tablets was a long complex tale of Nibiru, the home planet of the Anunnaki, and ‘gods’ of the Sumerians. This knowledge of the Sumerians, is what the French astronomer seemingly rediscovered, around 28 years after Sitchin first published it in The 12th Planet after his translation of these ancient tablets.
• In the beginning the solar system was “chaotic”.
• There was another ‘supplementary planet’ where the asteroid belt is now.
• This was Tiamat from the Sumerian texts.
• A celestial collision ‘disturbed and rearranged’ the solar system outlined in the Enuma Elish or Epic of Creation.
• Based on the findings on Earth’s moon, the collision occurred some 3.9 billion years ago.
• In the aftermath of the collision, the solar system acquired the “Phantom Planet” Nibiru which was later renamed to ‘Marduk’ by the Babylonians after their god.
• Its orbit is elliptical and not circular.
• At its perigee, the point closest to the Sun, it passes between Jupiter and Mars.
• The orbit lasts thousands of Earth years. Sitchin applied the Sumerian Shar, which equals 3,600 Earth years per one Nibiru orbit. Similar to many known comets.
Source: Sitchin 1976 & Morbidelli 2003
It is truly remarkable that here we have an author, scholar and scientist in his own right who started to expose the world to the hidden realities of our ancient past in the early '70s, and a modern-day astronomer who virtually quoted Sitchin verbatim, while exposing his own findings some 28 years later.
What is also interesting is the elliptical orbit of the early comets during the formation of our solar system. To date, comets have puzzled astronomers, causing many unsubstantiated speculations to surface. While all of the planets, except Pluto, orbit the Sun in the same general plane and in the same direction, all moving more or less in a circular orbit, the comets seem to follow their own paths without obeying any of the normal rules. Comets move in elliptical orbits that move in random planes, in the opposite direction to the planets. They are flung deep into s
pace, sometimes for hundreds and thousands of years in their orbits. The Enuma Elish tablets, also seem to provide a plausible explanation as to where the comets originated from and why they behave so strangely. We will cover this in a closer look at these mysterious clay tablets a little later. The current theory on comets seems to be supported by astrophysical evidence that the comets, which eventually settled in the Oort Cloud, started out on very large elliptical orbits which took them so deep into space that they were affected by the gravity of other stars. This caused a fluctuation in the comets’ orbits. Over millions of years this resulted in the large numbers of comets settling down in a large stable orbit, which basically surrounds our solar system today, and is known as the Oort Cloud. Some of the comets in this cloud do however remain at distances far beyond the edge of the solar system, possibly as far as half way to the nearest star. You can weigh up the evidence and start formulating your own decisions. If this can happen to a comet, why not to a planet? The proposed phantom planet must have entered the solar system pretty much on a similar path to the comets. From the outer edge of the solar system, turning between Mars and Jupiter, and out across the paths of all the other planets once more, on its way into deep space. Such a planet weighing many millions of times as much as a comet, would take much longer to settle down into a stable orbit around the Sun. So it is possible that it will continue on its elliptical orbit for a long time to come before it finds a stable path around the Sun. And if such a planet is on an orbit of some 3 600 years, it seems to fit that it could have been the subject of debate and influence on Earth around 5000 BC and subsequent intervals of 3,600 years before and after.
We have to return briefly to the asteroid belt located between Mars and Jupiter. Although I casually mentioned that it is probably the remains of a planet, it should be taken in with an understanding that the knowledge about this part of our solar back yard is still very speculative. Astronomers are at odds about what might have caused this phenomenon. But the asteroid belt certainly adds a great level of intrigue to our very own solar system. The ancient Sumerians had seven clay tablets on which is inscribed the Epic of Creation, or as they called it, the Enuma Elish. The reading of these tablets accompanied their new year celebrations which seemingly describes the struggle between good and evil. But some scholars like Zecharia Sitchin have analysed these scripts differently. He explains them as an historic event which describes the creation of our Earth and its moon. Our moon is an interesting celestial body, which is surrounded by much speculation about its origins. Scientists seem to feel that the moon is too big in relation to Earth to have been created as its satellite during the formation of the solar system. If one compares the moon to all the other moons orbiting the planets, we find that the other moons are considerably smaller in proportion to their planet. In fact, our moon is the 5th largest satellite in our solar system, comfortably comparing with the sizes of the large moons of Jupiter, Saturn and Neptune. Our moon is simply far too big to have been formed under similar conditions to the other moons. The physics would not have allowed such a large satellite to form at the point of creation around a planet as small as Earth.
The more popular theory on the origin of the moon is known as the ‘Big Splash’. This theory was first introduced by astronomer-artist Bill Hartmann and his colleague Donald Davis, both at the Planetary Science Institute, Arizona in 1975. Astronomy Now featured an article in May 2002, which describes the Big Splash as such:
“…the Earth had only recently coalesced in solar orbit when it suffered a devastating blow. Along came a rogue protoplanet… more than half the size of the Earth itself and slammed into the proto-Earth in a glancing impact. The collision vaporised the outer regions of both worlds to considerable depth, and the core of the impacting planet sank to the centre of the Earth where the two cores merged into one. Debris, about 80 per cent of it from the Earth's crust and mantle, was flung into orbit. Gradually, particles in the orbiting debris ring began to lump together through agglomeration and then gravitational accretion, until the mess had all been swept up and a single, large satellite remained. Only this theory fits the data. But until recently, even this idea had serious problems, because it left the Earth and Moon system spinning too madly. Now, this problem has been largely fixed, and the vast majority of researchers are in agreement that the Big Splash, ad hoc though it might seem, represents the true picture.”
I would say that in many ways the ‘Big Splash’ theory resembles the story of the Enuma Elish described by the Sumerians. What was also created in that collision was the asteroid belt. Let us focus on this part of the solar system again. It is amazing that only a tiny fraction of the total weight of the asteroid belt has been ejected over time. This is mainly ascribed to the gravitational effect of Jupiter. But it is also possible that at some stage a giant asteroid was ejected towards the Sun, collided with Earth, melted much of the rock and metals, and was ejected as a giant satellite that was caught in Earth’s gravitational orbit, cooled down and became our moon. That is another theory for the origin of the moon. But the Sumerians had a different story about the moon’s creation altogether. The story is interpreted as follows. A planet called Tiamat which existed in the place of the asteroid belt was involved in a cosmic collision with an invading planet called Nibiru. This planet was later renamed as Marduk by the Babylonians. It was caught by the gravitational pull of our Sun in a long elliptical orbit. It became the 12th planet of our solar system because the Sumerians counted the moon and Nibiru as part of the planets. It makes perfect sense why such a planet would be depicted by a cross, graphically depicting its path and place in history, crossing the paths of other planets. There are numerous clear references to this planet in a multitude of clay tablets and cylinder seals from Sumer and other civilisations dating much further back in time. This planet is always symbolised by a cross. Both Nibiru and Tiamat had their own moons, which were involved in a spectacular cosmic collision. The result of all this was the destruction of Tiamat, which became the asteroid belt; the creation of the Earth from the largest chunk of Tiamat; and the capturing of an existing moon of Tiamat or Nibiru, which was trapped by the gravitational pull of the newly formed Earth. This is why the moon is so large compared to the size of Earth. Because it was originally a moon of a much larger planet. It was this fateful event which developed the seasons and tides on Earth, which contributed to the very unique life forms here on Earth.
New Scientist devoted the cover of a recent issue to ‘The planet that stalked the Earth’. In the article the writer offered theories about a “rogue planet” involved in a cosmic collision. What is most fascinating, is that the article called the “Phantom Planet” Theia, without any explanation. Is it possible that the writer was thinking of Tiamat?
But why do we know so little about this planet? For a start, its 3,600-year orbit is way too long for our short human time frames. We can hardly relate to stuff that went on 200 years ago on Earth, how could we possibly come to terms with a planet and a possible civilisation that come within our reach every 3,600 years? The fact is, that many clues have been handed down to us over time. Detailed information was captured by thousands of scribes over thousands of years, capturing their ancient experiences on a young planet, for future generations to absorb, but our civilisation has come along and discarded all this knowledge under the premise that it cannot possibly be true. My grandfather refused to believe that man walked on the moon and I thought he was very naïve and ill informed. So let us imagine that there really is such a planet out there, a ‘radiant planet’ called Nibiru, as it is referred to by the Nibiruans in several ancient inscriptions. Furthermore, if there is life on this planet, who are the inhabitants, and what effect have they had on our planet Earth? This is a question which has been asked millions of times by regular people with inquisitive minds and scientists who have been more involved in the search for such a Planet X.
During the search for this elusive Planet X, various other objects were discovered in our dista
nt solar system, in recent times, right on the edge of the Kuiper belt. Pluto and its moon, Charon, are often thought to be very large members of the Kuiper belt, referred to as Kuiper Belt Objects (KBO). The average size of the other KBOs are thought to be between 10 - 50 kilometres in diameter. If one of those had to collide with our precious Earth, it would have consequences so severe, that it would push the entire planet with all its life right to the edge of extinction. This belt is probably the main source of the short-period comets which orbit the Sun less than every 200 years, like Halley’s Comet. Some other comets like Kohoutek, are on much larger orbits and astronomers predict that its orbit can range between 7,500 and 75,000 years. This is pretty much in line with the kind of thinking behind the orbit of Planet X. When Pluto was first discovered in 1930, it was often referred to as Planet X but it soon became clear that this could not be the celestial body that was exerting such turbulence on Uranus and Neptune. Remember that scientists discovered that these two planets had disturbances in their gravity and orbits, but Pluto was simply too small to have such an effect on them. For this to happen, the body causing these effects had to be many times the size of Pluto. The debate goes on, some frantically searching for the lost Planet X, others dismissing it as utter nonsense.
Very recently, another KBO was discovered. Quaoar is 1,250 kilometres in diameter, which is about half the size of Pluto, and is the largest KBO known to date. A study of the outer solar system suggests that it may not be a cemetery full of dead, frozen bodies. The study revealed that this KBO could have been ‘warm’ at some stage in the past. This supports the theory that planetary processes such as volcanism, can occur on objects at extreme distances from the Sun. This volcanism could add support for the existence of planets at such large distances from the Sun. The Sumerian tablets describe the planet Nibiru as exactly that: “A radiating planet” which was symbolised by a cross, to indicate the ‘planet of the crossing’ but also radiation in the form of heat emerging from the planet. We are told in the clay tablets about the importance of the thick atmosphere, which protects Nibiru against the long cold periods while deep in space, when the planet is furthest from the Sun, as well as the hot periods when it is closest to the Sun. It would ultimately be their wounded atmosphere that brought the Anunnaki from Nibiru to Earth.
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