Lives in Ruins
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Index
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Abbass, D. K. (“Kathy”), 101–19
acronyms, 190
Acropolis, 151
Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, 86–87
Afghanistan, 203, 207, 208n, 212, 213
Africa, 42, 72, 193, 194–95, 196. See also East Africa; Egypt
African Burial Ground, New York City, 161–62, 163
African slaves in the Caribbean, 17, 20, 21, 23, 26, 31
agricultural sites, Peruvian. See farm sites, Peruvian
AIA. See Archaeology Institute of America (AIA)
Air Force, U.S. See U.S. Air Force
alcohol, 68–73. See also rum
alpacas, 223, 225, 236
amateur museums. See museums: amateur
American Battlefield Protection Program, 167
American Indians. See Native Americans
American Revolution. See Revolutionary War
amphorae, 69, 148
amputation of limbs, prehistoric, 54, 55
ancient stairs. See stairs, ancient
Anderson, Harry H., Jr., 109, 110
Anderson, Richard, 136, 144–45
Andes (Jacobs), 221
Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, 87
Angkor Wat, 1
Apaydin, Veysel, 225–26
Apollo, 124, 138, 146, 149, 150
archaeoastronomy, 75, 210–11, 224, 230
archaeological novels. See novels
archaeologist couples, 22, 27, 28, 32–33, 42, 89–94, 97–100, 227, 238–39
archaeologists, attrition of. See attrition of archaeologists
archaeologists, collective noun for, 220
archaeologists’ collaboration with military. See collaboration with military
archaeologists’ employment prospects. See employment prospects
archaeologists’ feuds. See feuds
archaeologists’ pay. See pay
archaeology, contract. See contract archaeologists and contract archaeology
archaeology, forensic. See forensics
archaeology, underwater. See underwater archaeology
archaeology field schools. See field schools
Archaeology Institute of America (AIA), 129–30; conference of, 68–76, 190–98
Archaeology of Human Origins (Shea class), 37, 42–54
The Archaeology of Korea (Nelson), 79
“archaeology of the contemporary past” (Schofield), 232–35
archives. See collections
Army, U.S. See U.S. Army
Army Corps of Engineers. See U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
army wives, 77–79
arrowheads, 7, 47, 188
art, prehistoric, 47, 48, 49, 55, 75, 82–84; in fiction, 56
art galleries, 82–84
artifacts: absence of, 46; author-found, 35–36; Caral, Peru, 238; cleaning of, 28, 141, 203; conservation and storage of, 103–4, 113, 203; contemporary, 233, 234; display of, 19, 187; English, 91; Explorers Club, 131–32; excessive, 86; Fort Drum, 203, 204, 205; fraudulent, 130; gold, 4, 91; identification, 34; illustration, 137, 146; logging of, 25, 137, 141; maritime, 101, 103–4, 113, 116, 131, 132, 205; misclassification, 204; Nasca, 229, 230; St. Eustatius, 19; sale of, 25, 82–84, 97; silver, 91; tiniest, 162; Yeronisos, 137, 138, 140, 142. See also arrowheads; axes, ancient; beads; nails and spikes; pottery; stone tools; stone weapons; tobacco pipes
Ashmole, Elias, 92
Ashmolean Museum, 87, 92
Ashworth, Lance, 171, 173
astronomy, prehistoric. See archaeoastronomy
atlatls, 66
Athena, 125
Athens, 125, 151
attrition of archaeologists, 177
Auchincloss, Hugh, III, 108
Auel, Jean, 52, 54–59
Australia, 103, 109, 110
Australopithecus, 51
Aveni, Anthony, 211
awards, 123–24, 129–30, 202, 212
axes, ancient, 37, 38–39, 48
Babylon, 199, 201
Baghdad: Iraq Museum. See National Museum of Iraq
bananas, 72
Bandelier Award for Public Service to Archaeology, 129–30
Barbados, 20, 26
Barka, Norman, 89
Bartley, Elizabeth, 221–22
basalt, 38, 189
beaches and beachcombing, 33, 35
beads, 33, 34, 53–54, 100, 162
beer, 68–73, 215
beheading, evidence of, 5, 80
Belize, 39
Bingham, Hiram, 222–23, 226, 235
birds, 137, 147
Black Burial Ground, New York City. See African Burial Ground, New York City
Blue Shield Committee. See International Committee of the Blue Shield; U.S. Committee of the Blue Shield
“body farms,” 180
body modification, 28; postmortem, 5
“bog bodies,” 4–7
Bogdanos, Matthew, 191n, 192n
bombing targets, no-strike lists, 192n, 193, 194–95
bone damage, 32, 51, 55
bone grease production, 9–11, 239
bones: Caral
, Peru, 238; beads made from, 53–54; of bison, 11; dating of, 98; of Denisovans, 39; dissolved, 4; Ethiopia, 40; in fiction, 56; flutes made from, 238; gnawed, 46, 66; of Indians, 8; of James Cook, 111n; of lambs, 65, 66; of mammoths, 47, 98; in post-9/11 remains, 162, 175, 176–77; of Revolutionary War soldiers, 155, 163; specialists in, 178; when burnt, 180. See also “oracle bones”; skeletons; skulls
“Bones” Brennan (fictional character), 179
bone tools, 98
Boothroyd, Betty, 145
Born to Explore (television series) 131, 139
botany, 137, 147, 210. See also paleoethnobotany
brewing, 68–73
Britain. See Great Britain
British Museum, 135, 151
Broccoli, Domenico, 165, 172, 173
Brookings, South Dakota, 98
buildings, historic. See historic buildings
burial grounds. See graves and burial grounds
burial mounds, 7–8, 77, 80–81, 100, 221–22
Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, 161n
buses, unusual uses for, 185
bus rides, perilous, 221
butchery, 63–66, 98
Buttermilk Creek Complex, Texas, 45n
Caesarion, 134, 138
Café Ayllu (Cusco, Peru), 230–31
Cahokia, 11
Calagione, Sam, 70
Canada, 167–68
Caral, Peru, 226–27, 237–40
carbon-dating, 227
Caribbean, 18–36
carnivores, 42, 54, 63–64
cars, vans, etc. See motor vehicles
carvings: bone, 80, 238; ivory, 48, 49; jade, 75, 82–84. See also petroglyphs
casinos, 95, 96, 139
cathedrals and churches, 91
caves, 49, 50, 52, 54, 56, 88, 188
celebrities, 108, 135
cemeteries and burial grounds. See graves and burial grounds
Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, 16
CHAMP. See Cultural Heritage by Archaeology and Military Panel (CHAMP)
chance and luck, 52, 75–76
“channel flakes,” 205
Chariots of the Gods (Däniken), 229, 230n
Charleston, South Carolina, 94
chemical analysis, 69, 72
Chile, 45n
China, 71, 75–76, 80, 82
Chinese in South Dakota, 95, 96–98
Chinese jades, 75, 82–84
churches and cathedrals. See cathedrals and churches
Civil War, 96, 167, 170, 187
The Clan of the Cave Bear (Auel), 52, 54
The Clan of the Cave Bear (film), 56n
classification and naming, 53n, 60–61; errors, 204; sexism in, 81. See also acronyms
Cleopatra VII, 124, 134, 138–39, 143
Clonycavan Man, 4–5
clothing: of archaeologists, 17, 68, 74, 99, 108, 137, 142, 192; of farm animals, 185; of historical reenactors, 165, 168, 171; Revolutionary War, 167
codes of conduct, 164–65
coins, 1, 127, 138, 140, 234
collaboration with military, 191, 193, 195, 196, 213–15
collections, 19, 204, 233; access and preservation, 86–88; Explorers Club, 131–32; funding cutbacks, 86; St. Eustatius, 33. See also museums
collectors and collecting: of ancient art, 82–84; in films, 128; of fossils and stones, 92; of postcards, 170. See also looting and looted artifacts
Comer, Douglas, 236
computers, 25, 29, 137, 201, 206
conduct codes. See codes of conduct
Connelly, Joan Breton, 123–28, 130–51
constellations, 125–26
contemporary archaeology. See “archaeology of the contemporary past” (Schofield)
contract archaeologists and contract archaeology, 155–71, 173, 205–6; post-9/11, 175–79, 189
Cook, James, 103, 110, 111, 116
coral, 29–30
Coward, Erin, 175–78, 186–87, 188–89
Coward, Lane, 186, 187, 188–89
cranial modification, 28
Crawford, Patricia, 42, 62–63
Creamer, Winifred, 227, 238–39
crime-scene investigation and analysis, 178–86
Croft, Paul, 136, 142, 144
“cultural chameleons,” 108–9
Cultural Heritage by Archaeology and Military Panel (CHAMP), 190–92
cultural heritage playing cards, 198, 202–3, 208n, 212–13
Cultural Heritage Protection Act, 127
cultural misunderstandings, deadly, 214–15
cultural resource management (CRM) firms, 86, 158, 161–62, 164, 166, 172, 177–78, 236; errors, 204; as source of temporary employment, 85
curatorship. See collections: access and preservation
Cusco, Peru, 219, 229, 230–31, 235–36
Czech Republic, 47–49
CyArk, 197n
Cyprus, 124, 126–27, 134–54; Department of Antiquities, 139, 150n
dance floors, ancient, 138, 146, 149
Däniken, Erich von, 229–30
data entry errors, 25
dating, radiocarbon. See carbon-dating
dating of bones, 98
dating of rocks, 40
Daughters of the American Revolution, 157
Deadwood, South Dakota, 95–100
debitage, 205
Defense Intelligence Agency. See U.S. Defense Intelligence Agency
demolition of historic sites and buildings, 26, 96, 97–98, 108, 187
Denisovans, 39
Denmark, 6, 232
Department of Defense (DoD). See U.S. Department of Defense (DoD)
diet, carnivore. See carnivores
diet of hominins, 51
digging. See excavation
DNA, 49–50
documentation, 178. See also artifacts: logging of Dogfish Head Craft Brewery, 70, 71
dogs, mummified, 7
Dolní Věstonice, 47–49, 57
domestication of animals, 44, 53, 56
Dominican Republic, 27
donations, 142, 146, 173; of bodies to science, 100; of money, 106, 109, 110, 135
dredging operations, 89
dress. See clothing
drunkenness. See inebriation
dualism, 46, 81
dumps. See garbage and garbage dumps
Dupin, Doug, 187–88
Dutch Caribbean, 18–36, 88–90, 93
Dwyer, Debbie, 115
Earl of Pembroke (ship), 110
Earl of Sandwich (fast-food franchise), 116
Earl of Sandwich. See Montagu, John, 4th Earl of Sandwich; Montagu, John, 11th Earl of Sandwich
earthquakes, 139
Earth’s Children book series (Auel), 54–59
earth-mother religion, 55, 57n
East Africa, 39, 45. See also Ethiopia
eating. See diet of hominins; food
eBay, 25, 97
effigy mounds, 7–8, 100
Egypt, 134, 138, 150, 213
Elgin Marbles, 151
employment prospects, 85–94, 113, 177
The Encyclopedia of Caribbean Archaeology (Reid and Gilmore), 94
Endeavour (Endeavour Bark), 103, 107, 109–10, 112, 116
England, 87, 90–94, 110–11, 124
English Heritage, 223
errors, gaffes, etc. See gaffes, errors, etc.
Ethiopia, 39–40, 62–63, 71n
Ethnic Oasis: The Chinese in the Black Hills (Zhu and Fosha), 95
ethnobotany. See paleoethnobotany
European continental shelf, 222
evolution, 40, 49–50, 52, 56
evolution of landscapes. See geomorphology
excavation: by backhoe, 158, 159, 166; Caral, 227; by chauffeur, 79; by children, 2, 38; Dominican Republic, 27; England, 91; excessive, 86; Fishkill, 159; of Ford Explorer, 233; of goat parts, 51; Goddess Temple, 75; lower Manhattan, 161; maritime, 106; Netherlands, 28; New Jersey, 169; of pig, 181, 183–84, 185–86; St. Eustatius, 21, 22–25, 30–
31, 34; South Dakota, 9, 97; of stone tools, 39; too close to DMZ, 86; urge toward, 211, 235; Yeronisos, 124, 136–37, 139–40, 148. See also “test pits”
Explorers Club, New York City, 130–33
farm animals. See livestock
farm sites, Peruvian, 238
farmstead sites, American, 86, 204
Farrell, Mara, 165n
fast-food restaurants, 116–17, 231
federal funding, 86–87, 202–3
fermented beverages, 68–73
feuds, 227, 238–39
field schools, 15–36, 134–51, 169, 177
films, 2, 11, 56n, 127–30, 150
Finlayson, Clive, 52
fire and fire-making, 3, 9, 10, 63, 66–67; in fiction, 56
firecrackers, ancient, 48
Fishkill Supply Depot, Fishkill, New York, 155–69, 171–74
flint, 44, 46, 56
flintknapping, 38, 39, 44, 63, 64, 66
flowers: as grave markers, 31; in human burial, 52, 54, 55, 61
Florida, 6–7
Fluffy (bog dog), 7
food: ancient, 69, 72; Cyprus, 141, 142, 145; eaten by archaeologists, 10, 11, 66, 169, 229; eaten by the Earl of Sandwich, 116–17; eaten by Native Americans, 10–11; fly-covered, 65; miniature, 220. See also carnivores; fast-food restaurants
Ford, Harrison, 129–30
Forensic Archaeological Recovery (FAR), 176n
forensics, 6, 175–86, 189
Fort Drum, New York, 199–216
Fosha, Michael, 97–100, 104
Fosha, Rose Estep, 95, 97–100
fossils: childhood collecting of, 2, 92; human and hominin, 40, 51; marine, 162
France, 18, 103, 110, 204
Franks, Tommy, 192n
fraudulent artifacts. See artifacts: fraudulent
freedpeople, 18, 21, 161
freelance archaeology. See contract archaeologists and contract archaeology
French and Indian War, 105
Friends of the Fishkill Supply Depot, 165, 168, 171–72, 173–74
fruit trees, 30
gaffes, errors, etc., 25, 30–31, 45–46, 204–5; deadly, 214–15
garbage and garbage dumps, 22, 35, 38, 46, 160, 169, 180
gender, 76–77, 80, 81, 104–5, 130
General Services Administration (GSA), 161, 162n
geocaching, 147–48
geochronology. See dating of rocks
geoglyphs, 229, 230
geomorphology, 46, 99, 132
Georgia (country), 39, 88
Germany, 6, 7, 21, 36, 235
ghost malls, 155, 156
ghost towns: New York State, 208–9
Gibson, McGuire, 196n
Gill-Frerking, Heather, 6–7, 231–32
Gilmore, Grant, 18, 19–36, 88–94, 95, 129