by Craig Unger
33. Barrett, Trump.
34. Robbins, “A Brief History.”
35. Ibid.
36. Johnston, Making of Donald Trump.
37. Bill Powell and Peter McKillop, “Citizen Trump,” Newsweek, September 28, 1987.
38. Bagli, “Trump Sells Hyatt Share.”
39. Nicholas Pileggi, “The Mob and the Machine,” New York, May 5, 1986.
40. Barrett, Trump.
41. Donald Trump and Tony Schwartz, Trump: The Art of the Deal (New York: Random House, 1987).
CHAPTER FOUR: BRIGHTON BEACH
1. Friedman, Red Mafiya.
2. Elisabeth Sherman, “What Brooklyn Looked Like Before the Hipster Invasion,” All That Is Interesting, September 20, 2016, http://all-that-is-interesting.com/brooklyn-before-hipster-invasion.
3. Jeffrey Robinson, The Merger: The Conglomeration of International Organized Crime (New York: Overlook Books, 2000).
4. Oleg Kalugin, Spymaster: My Thirty-Two Years in Intelligence and Espionage Against the West (New York: Basic Books, 1994).
5. Author’s interview with Kalugin.
6. Caleb Melby and Keri Geiger, “Behind Trump’s Russia Romance, There’s a Tower Full of Oligarchs,” Bloomberg Businessweek, March 16, 2017, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-03-16/behind-trump-s-russia-romance-there-s-a-tower-full-of-oligarchs.
7. Ibid.
8. Keren Blankfeld, “The Money Problems of Manhattan Real Estate Mogul Tamir Sapir,” Forbes, September 24, 2010, https://www.forbes.com/forbes/2010/1011/rich-list-10-real-estate-tamir-sapir-drenchedin-debt.
9. Caleb Melby and Keri Geiger, “Trump’s Tower of Russian Oligarchs.”
10. Charles V. Bagli, “Brass Knuckles over 2 Broadway; MTA and Landlord Are Fighting It Out over Rent and Renovations,” New York Times, August 9, 2000, http://www.nytimes.com/2000/08/09/nyregion/brass-knuckles-over-2-broadway-mta-landlord-are-fighting-it-over-rent.html.
11. “HealthTech Mob Ties Charged,” CNN Money, November 25, 1997, http://money.cnn.com/1997/11/25/companies/healthtech/.
12. Michael Daly and Michael Weiss, “Felix Sater: The Crook Behind the Trump-Russia ‘Peace’ Plan,” Daily Beast, February 24, 2017, https://www.thedailybeast.com/felix-sater-the-crook-behind-the-trump-russia-peace-plan.
13. Palmer and Oberlander v. John Doe 98-CR-01101 and United States of America, “Petition for a Writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit,” United States Supreme Court, docket no. 14-676, http://c10.nrostatic.com/sites/default/files/Palmer-Petition-for-a-writ-of-certiorari-14-676.pdf.
14. Robinson, Merger.
15. Friedman, Red Mafiya.
16. Stephen Handelman, Comrade Criminal: Russia’s New Mafiya (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1995).
17. Michael Schwirtz, “Vory v Zakone Has Hallowed Place in Russian Criminal Lore,” New York Times, July 29, 2008, http://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/29/world/europe/29iht-moscow.4.14865004.html.
18. Friedman, Red Mafiya.
19. “Solntsevskaya OPG: Full File of Interpol and Special Services,” OSP-UA.info, February 2, 2016, Google Translate translation from Russian, https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=ru&u=http://osp-ua.info/politicas/55782-solntsevskaja-opg-polnoe-dose-interpola-i-spetssluzhb.html&prev=search.
20. James O. Finkenauer and Elin J. Waring, Russian Mafia in America: Immigration, Culture, and Crime (Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1998).
21. Robinson, Merger.
22. Friedman, Red Mafiya.
23. Finkenauer and Waring, Russian Mafia in America.
24. Jake Pearson, “Notorious Russian Mobster Says He Just Wants to Go Home,” Associated Press, January 27, 2018, https://apnews.com/3accd9e526fd4609998ddcfa0abc418f.
25. Friedman, Red Mafiya.
26. Robinson, Merger.
27. Ibid.
28. Friedman, Red Mafiya.
29. Ibid.
30. Ibid.
31. Ibid.
32. Finkenauer and Waring, Russian Mafia in America.
33. Friedman, Red Mafiya.
34. Ibid.
35. Ibid.
36. Ibid.
37. Phil Williams, Russian Organized Crime: The New Threat? (London and New York: Routledge, 1997).
38. Friedman, Red Mafiya.
39. Ibid.
40. Ibid.
41. Ibid.
42. Ibid.
43. Author interview with Nick Pileggi.
44. Ralph Blumenthal with Celestine Bohlen, “Soviet Emigre Mob Outgrows Brooklyn, and Fear Spreads,” New York Times, June 4, 1989, http://www.nytimes.com/1989/06/04/nyregion/soviet-emigre-mob-outgrows-brooklyn-and-fear-spreads.html?pagewanted=all.
45. Harry Hurt III, Lost Tycoon: The Many Lives of Donald J. Trump (Brattleboro, VT: Echo Point Books & Media, 1993).
46. Ibid.
47. Damian Ghigliotty, “Old New York: The Plaza Hotel,” Commercial Observer, October 14, 2014, https://commercialobserver.com/2014/10/old-new-york-the-plaza-hotel/.
48. George Hackett with Mary Bruno, “Donald Trump’s Lofty Ambition,” Newsweek, December 2, 1985.
49. Mark Bowden, “The March 1990 Playboy Interview with Donald Trump,” Playboy, March 1, 1990, http://www.playboy.com/articles/playboy-interview-donald-trump-1990.
50. Powell and McKillop, “Citizen Trump.”
CHAPTER FIVE: HONEY TRAP
1. David Remnick, Lenin’s Tomb: The Last Days of the Soviet Empire (New York: Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, 1993).
2. Anastasia Kirilenko and Claire Bigg, “Ex-KGB Agent Kalugin: Putin Was Only a Major,” Radio Free Europe Liberty, March 31, 2005, https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-ex-kgb-kalugin-putin-only-a-major/26930384.html.
3. Kalugin bio, spy museum, https://www.spymuseum.org/private-events/spy-speaker-series/oleg-kalugin/.
4. Author’s interview with Kalugin.
5. John le Carré, “My New Friends in the New Russia: In Search of a Few Good Crooks, Cops and Former Agents,” New York Times, February 19, 1995, http://www.nytimes.com/books/99/03/21/specials/lecarre-newrussia.html.
6. Ibid.
7. Ibid.
8. Český Rozhlas, “Czechoslovak Secret Police Files Reveal Interest in Trump Couple,” Hello Czech Republic, December 2, 2016, http://www.czech.cz/en/Zivot-a-prace/Czechoslovak-secret-police-files-reveal-interest-i.
9. Karel Janicek, “Czechoslovakia Secret Police File: Trump Sure of Presidential Win—in 1996,” Chicago Tribune, January 12, 2017, http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/ct-trump-1996-presidential-race-20170112-story.html.
10. Hans-Wilhelm Saure, “Czech Secret Agents Spied on Trump: He’s ‘Completely Tax-Exempt for the Next 30 Years,’” Business Insider, December 15, 2016, http://www.businessinsider.com/czech-secret-agents-spied-on-donald-trump-he-is-tax-exempt-for-30-years-2016-12.
11. Rozhlas, “Czechoslovak Secret Police Files.”
12. Kate Connolly, “Czechoslovakia Spied on Donald and Ivana Trump, Communist-Era Files Show,” Guardian, December 15, 2016, https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/dec/15/czechoslovakia-spied-on-donald-trump-ivana-files.
13. Janicek, “Czechoslovakia Secret Police File.”
14. Rozhlas, “Czechoslovak Secret Police Files.”
15. Connolly, “Czechoslovakia Spied on Donald.”
16. Ibid.
17. Lois Romano, “Donald Trump, Holding All the Cards,” Washington Post, November 15, 1984, https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1984/11/15/donald-trump-holding-all-the-cards-the-tower-the-team-the-money-the-future/8be79254-7793-4812-a153-f2b88e81fa54/?utm_term=.29ee27932b32.
18. Ron Rosenbaum, “Trump’s Nuclear Experience,” Slate, March 1, 2016, http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/the_spectator/2016/03/trump_s_nuclear_experience_advice_for_reagan_in_1987.html.
19. Author’s interview with Rosenbaum.
20. Romano, “Donald Trump, Holding All the Cards.”
21. Scott Feinberg, “Donald Trump Angled for Soviet Posti
ng in 1980s, Says Nobel Prize Winner,” Hollywood Reporter, May 26, 2017, https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/donald-trump-angled-soviet-posting-1980s-says-nobel-prize-winner-1006312.
22. Author’s interview with Lown.
23. Kate Brannen, “A Timeline of Paul Manafort’s Relationship with Donald Trump,” Slate, October 30, 2017, http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/jurisprudence/2017/10/a_timeline_of_paul_manafort_s_relationship_with_the_trump_world.html.
24. Author’s interview with Lown.
25. Andrew and Gordievsky, Comrade Kryuchkov’s Instructions.
26. Kalugin, Spymaster.
27. Andrew and Gordievsky, Comrade Kryuchkov’s Instructions.
28. Ibid.
29. Luke Harding, “The Hidden History of Trump’s First Trip to Moscow,” Politico, November 20, 2017, https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/11/19/trump-first-moscow-trip-215842.
30. Tatyana Antonova, “Trump Immediately Melted: Intrigue of the First Visit of the US President to the USSR, MKRU, November 9, 2015 (translated by Google), http://www.mk.ru/politics/2016/11/09/tramp-srazu-rastayal-intriga-pervogo-vizita-prezidenta-ssha-v-sssr.html.
31. Paula Span, “When Trump Hoped to Meet Gorbachev in Manhattan,” Washington Post, December 3, 1988, https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/from-the-archives-when-trump-hoped-to-meet-gorbachev-in-manhattan/2017/07/10/3f570b42-658c-11e7-a1d7-9a32c91c6f40_story.html?utm_term=.2137d1ae73dd.
32. Author interview with Kalugin.
33. Harding, Collusion.
34. Romano, “Donald Trump, Holding All the Cards.”
35. Herald Staff, “Foreign Intrigue,” Miami Herald, June 5, 1987.
36. Cameron Stewart, “Donald Trump, the Deals and the Mafia Dons,” Australian, August 16, 2017, https://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/investigations/donald-trump-the-deals-and-the-mafia-dons/news-story/40c61d98c72c3ba10064357c047ee8ce.
37. Barrett, Trump.
38. Trump, Art of the Deal.
39. Harding, “The Hidden History.”
40. Barrett, Trump.
41. Harding, Collusion.
42. Michael Oreskes, “Trump Gives a Vague Hint of Candidacy,” New York Times, September 2, 1987, http://www.nytimes.com/1987/09/02/nyregion/trump-gives-a-vague-hint-of-candidacy.html.
43. Span, “When Trump Hoped.”
44. Harding, “Hidden History.”
45. Andrew Higgins and Andrew E. Kramer, “Russia’s Sexual Blackmail Didn’t Die with the Soviets,” New York Times, January 11, 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/11/world/europe/donald-trump-russia.html?_r=0.
46. Kevin Randall, “From Tradecraft to Sexpionage, Cold War KGB and US Spies Concur: The Americans Actually Happened,” Vanity Fair, May 21, 2014.
47. Author interview with Kalugin.
48. Kathleen Klenetsky, “Soviets ‘Intensely Interested’ in 1988 US Campaign,” Executive Intelligence Review 14, July 24, 1987, https://www.larouchepub.com/eiw/public/1987/eirv14n29-19870724/eirv14n29-19870724_067-elephants_and_donkeys.pdf.
49. Oreskes, “Trump Gives a Vague Hint.”
50. Ilan Ben-Meir, “That Time Trump Spent Nearly $100,000 on an Ad Criticizing US Foreign Policy in 1987,” BuzzFeed, July 10, 2015, https://www.buzzfeed.com/ilanbenmeir/that-time-trump-spent-nearly-100000-on-an-ad-criticizing-us?utm_term=.qqg716kY8#.vr08wVBGy.
51. Oreskes, “Trump Gives a Vague Hint.”
52. Hilary Sargent, “The Man Responsible for Donald Trump’s Never-Ending Presidential Campaign,” Boston.com, January 22, 2014, https://www.boston.com/news/local-news/2014/01/22/the-man-responsible-for-donald-trumps-never-ending-presidential-campaign.
53. Kim I. Mills, “New Hampshire GOP Activist Wants to Draft Trump for President,” Associated Press, July 13, 1987.
54. Barrett, Trump.
55. Howard Kurtz, “Between the Lines of a Millionaire’s Ad; New Yorker’s Foreign-Policy Foray Follows Political Overtures,” Washington Post, September 2, 1987.
56. Fox Butterfield, “New Hampshire Speech Earns Praise for Trump,” New York Times, October 23, 1987.
57. Frank Clifford, “Non-Candidate Trump Talks Tough on Political Issues,” Los Angeles Times, October 23, 1987, http://articles.latimes.com/1987-10-23/news/mn-10766_1_speech.
58. Barrett, Trump.
59. Janicek, “Czechoslovakia Secret Police File.”
60. Ibid.
61. Hans Wilhelm Saure, “Czech Stasi Spotted the Trumps” (translated by Google), Bild, December 14, 2016, https://www.bild.de/news/ausland/donald-trump/tschechen-stasi-spaehte-trumps-aus-49320410,jsRedirectFrom=conversionToLogin.bild.html.
CHAPTER SIX: GANGSTER’S PARADISE
1. Federal Bureau of Investigation, “Top Ten Fugitives: Global Con Artist and Ruthless Criminal,” FBI Archives, October 21, 2009, https://archives.fbi.gov/archives/news/stories/2009/october/mogilevich_102109.
2. Manish Sahajwani, “8 of the Richest Gangsters of All Time,” Investopedia, http://www.investopedia.com/financial-edge/0912/8-of-the-richest-gangsters-of-all-time.aspx.
3. Paul Lashmar and Andrew Mullins, “How Wall St Was Fleeced by the Most Evil Gangster in the World,” Independent, August 20, 1999, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/how-wall-st-was-fleeced-by-the-most-evil-gangster-in-the-world-1113929.html.
4. Justin Peters, “This Obese Mob Boss Is Twice the Villain Whitey Bulger Ever Was,” Slate, August 5, 2013, http://www.slate.com/blogs/crime/2013/08/05/semion_mogilevich_fbi_ten_most_wanted_list_this_obese_mob_boss_is_twice.html.
5. “The Billion Dollar Don,” Panorama, BBC Television, produced by Toby Scult-horpe, aired December 6, 1999, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cqfgpLP9fm8.
6. Staff, World: Europe, “Russia’s ‘Mr. Big’ Ridicules FBI Allegations,” BBC News, August 31, 1999, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/433695.stm.
7. Tony Thompson and Paul Farrelly, “Russian Mafia Target the City,” Guardian, August 21, 1999, https://www.theguardian.com/world/1999/aug/22/paulfarrelly.tonythompson.
8. Jeanne Meserve, “FBI: Mobster more powerful than Gotti,” CNN, October 24, 2009, http://edition.cnn.com/2009/CRIME/10/21/mogilevich.fbi.most.wanted/.
9. Kashmira Gander, “Alexander Litvinenko Poisoning: Footage Emerges of Ex-KGB Spy Accusing Putin of Having Links to Businessman Wanted by FBI,” Independent, January 23, 2015, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/alexander-litvinenko-poisoning-footage-emerges-of-ex-kgb-spy-accusing-putin-of-having-links-to-9999744.html.
10. Cathy Scott-Clark and Adrian Levy, “Why a Spy Was Killed,” Guardian, January 26, 2008, https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2008/jan/26/weekend.adrianlevy.
11. Federal Bureau of Investigation, “Top Ten Fugitives.”
12. Intelligence Section, Organizational Intelligence Unit, “Semion Mogilevich Organization Eurasian Organized Crime,” Federal Bureau of Investigation, August 1996, https://data.occrp.org/text/2554469?dq=heroin&page=40.
13. Friedman, Red Mafiya.
14. Nick Kochan, The Washing Machine: Money, Crime and Terror in the Offshore System (Mason, Ohio: Thomson, 2005).
15. Laura Radanko, The Russian Mafia in America (Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 2011).
16. Alan A. Block and Constance A. Weaver, All Is Clouded by Desire: Global Banking, Money Laundering, and International Organized Crime (Westport, CT: Praeger, 2004); Friedman, Red Mafiya; Kochan, Washing Machine.
17. Friedman, Red Mafiya.
18. Ibid.
19. “Solntsevskaya OPG”; Seth Ferranti, “The Solntsevskaya Brotherhood by Niko,” Gorilla Convict, October 1, 2015, https://www.gorillaconvict.com/2015/10/the-solntsevskaya-brotherhood-by-niko/.
20. Rumafiozi_eng, “Solntsevskaya Gang Tougher and Cleverer Than Shabalovskaya—Part 1,” LiveJournal blog, September 12, 2011, https://rumafiozi-eng.livejournal.com/152784.html.
21. “Solntsevskaya OPG: Interpol and Special Services Dossier” (translated by Google), OSP-UA.info, February 2, 2016, h
ttp://osp-ua.info/politicas/55782-solntsevskaja-opg-polnoe-dose-interpola-i-spetssluzhb.html.
22. David Satter, Darkness at Dawn: The Rise of the Russian Criminal State (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2003).
23. Rumafiozi_eng, “Solntsevskaya Gang Tougher.”
24. Transcript of “The Billion Dollar Don,” Panorama, BBC Television, produced by Toby Sculthorpe, aired December 6, 1999, http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/events/panorama/transcripts/transcript_06_12_99.txt.
25. Author’s interview with source close to Mogilevich.
26. “Solntsevskaya OPG.”
27. Ibid.
28. Serhii Plokhy, The Last Empire: The Final Days of the Soviet Union (London: Oneworld Publications, 2015).
29. Bowden, “March 1990 Playboy Interview.”
30. Author’s interview with James Moody.
31. Masha Gessen, The Man Without a Face: The Unlikely Rise of Vladimir Putin (New York: Riverhead Books, 2012).
32. Gordon Thomas, Gideon’s Spies: The Secret History of the Mossad, 7th ed. (New York: Thomas Dunne Books, 2015).
33. Intelligence Section Organizational Intelligence Unit, Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Semion Mogilevich Eurasian Organized Crime, August 1996.
34. James S. Henry, “The Curious World of Donald Trump’s Private Russian Connections,” The American Interest, December 19, 2016, https://www.the-american-interest.com/2016/12/19/the-curious-world-of-donald-trumps-private-russian-connections.
35. Gordon Thomas and Martin Dillon, Robert Maxwell, Israel’s Superspy: The Life and Murder of a Media Mogul (New York: Carroll & Graf, 2002).
36. Thomas, Gideon’s Spies.
37. Author’s interview with Winer.
38. Friedman, Red Mafiya.
39. Ibid.
40. Palash Galoosh, “The World’s Most Powerful Mobster That You Probably Never Heard Of,” International Business Times, December 30, 2012, http://www.ibtimes.com/worlds-most-powerful-mobster-you-probably-never-heard-980488.
41. Irina Reznik and Maria Rozhkova, “Milliarder sredney ruki,” Compromat.ru, January 28, 2008, http://www.compromat.ru/page_22103.htm.
42. Kochan, Washing Machine.
43. Ibid.
44. “Solntsevskaya OPG.”
