by Craig Unger
45. Thomas Petrov and Alexey Gordon, “Nationwide Con Artist,” Russian Mafiozi blog, July 3, 2011, http://rusmafiozi-eng.blogspot.com/2011/07/nationwide-con-artist.html?m=1.
46. Friedman, Red Mafiya.
47. “Uzbek, Putin, FSB i Geroin,” Glavk, April 28, 2017, http://glavk.info/articles/7728-uzbek_putin_fsb_i_geroin/%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B5.
48. Ibid.
49. Affidavit for Vyacheslav Ivankov wiretapping order application, District Court for the Southern District of New York, https://sethjhettena.files.wordpress.com/2017/11/vyacheslav-ivankov-wiretap-affidavit.pdf.
50. Friedman, Red Mafiya.
51. Lee Hockstader, “Russia’s Criminal Condition,” Washington Post, February 26, 1995, https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1995/02/26/russias-criminal-condition/99b2292d-6478-4d42-8914-30589d5da224/?utm_term=.87954cc6418e.
52. Friedman, Red Mafiya.
53. Ibid.
54. Ibid.
55. Ibid.
CHAPTER SEVEN: THE BILLIONAIRE BOYS’ CLUB
1. Johnston, Making of Donald Trump.
2. Ibid.
3. Robert O’Harrow Jr., “Trump’s bad bet: How too much debt drove his biggest casino aground,” Washington Post, https://www.washingtonpost.com/investigations/trumps-bad-bet-how-too-much-debt-drove-his-biggest-casino-aground/2016/01/18/f67cedc2-9ac8-11e5-8917-653b65c809eb_story.html.
4. Friedman, Red Mafiya.
5. Associated Press, “Ten Atlantic City Casinos Fined $2.48 Million,” January 21, 1993.
6. Reuters Staff, “Putin says grandfather cooked for Stalin and Lenin,” Reuters, March 11, 2018.
7. Allen C. Lynch, Vladimir Putin and Russian Statecraft (Washington, DC: Potomac Books, 2011).
8. Vladimir Putin with Nataliya Gevorkyan, Natalya Timakova, and Andrei Kolesnikov, First Person: An Astonishingly Frank Self-Portrait by Russia’s President (New York: Public Affairs 2000).
9. Gessen, Man Without a Face.
10. Joshua Yaffa, “Putin’s Shadow Cabinet and the Bridge to Crimea,” New Yorker, May 29, 2017, https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/05/29/putins-shadow-cabinet-and-the-bridge-to-crimea.
11. Simon Shuster, “Vladimir Putin’s Billionaire Boys Judo Club,” Time, March 1, 2011, http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2055962,00.html.
12. Zarina Zabrisky, “Wrestling and Mafia States” Medium, July 3, 2017. https://medium.com/mosaic2/wrestling-and-mafia-states-d79f1e71bb4.
13. Alexei Sobchenko, “Russia: Putin’s Past Becoming a Hot Internet Topic in Moscow,” Eurasianet, January 6, 2016, https://eurasianet.org/s/russia-putins-past-becoming-a-hot-internet-topic-in-moscow.
14. Damien Sharkov, “‘Putin Involved in Drug Smuggling Ring,’ Says Ex-KGB Officer,” Newsweek, March 13, 2015, http://www.newsweek.com/putin-involved-drug-smuggling-ring-says-ex-kgb-officer-313657.
15. Sir Robert Owen (chairman), The Litvinenko Inquiry: Report into the Death of Alexander Litvinenko, issued January 2016, archived June 2016 (hereafter Litvinenko Inquiry), 16, http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20160613090324/https://www.litvinenkoinquiry.org/report.
16. “Uzbek, Putin, FSB i Geroin.”
17. “Putin starred in several films of ‘Lenfilm’ studio,” Front News International, December 16, 2017, https://frontnews.eu/news/en/19790.
18. Tom Parfitt, “Vladimir Putin the Stuntman Played Nazi Soldier,” Times (London), December 16, 2017, https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/vladimir-putin-the-stuntman-played-nazi-soldier-lx52sl6ql.
19. “Uzbek, Putin, FSB i Geroin.”
20. U.S. Department of the Treasury Press Release, “Treasury Sanctions Russian Officials, Members Of The Russian Leadership’s Inner Circle, And An Entity For Involvement In The Situation In Ukraine,” March 20, 2014.
21. Gessen, Man Without a Face.
22. Dawisha, Putin’s Kleptocracy.
23. Gessen, Man Without a Face.
24. Special services and the mafia. Vladimir Ivanidze (Journalist “Top Secret”). Report at the VIII International Conference “KGB: Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow”. 24-25 November 2000. http://grigoryants.ru/kgb-vchera-segodnya-zavtra/specsluzhby-i-mafiya-8-konferenciya/.
25. Foreign Affairs Note, “EXPULSIONS OF SOVIET OFFICIALS WORLDWIDE, 1986,” United States Department of State, January 2017.
26. Zarina Zabrisky, “Mafia, KGB, Putin and Trump” Medium, November 7, 2016. https://medium.com/mosaic2/mafia-kgb-putin-and-trump-208a7c8e1a56.
27. Henry, “Curious World.”
28. “KGB: Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow,” III International Conference, October 1–3, 1993.
29. Author’s interview with Sipher.
30. Masha Gessen, The Man Without a Face.
31. Author’s interview with Kalugin.
32. Putin et al., First Person.
33. Mark Almond, “Introducing KGB PLC,” The Spectator, July 10, 1993.
34. “Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin,” Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, http://en.russia.edu.ru/russia/president/1591/.
35. Gessen, Man Without a Face.
36. Author’s interview with Kalugin.
37. Dawisha, Putin’s Kleptocracy.
38. Who Is Mr. Putin?, film by Anastasia Kirilenko, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m7p4UWjVZa8.
39. Alexander Litvinenko and Yuri Felshtinsky, Blowing Up Russia: The Secret Plot to Bring Back KGB Terror (London: Gibson Square, 2002).
40. Who Is Mr. Putin?, 19:00; Gessen, Man Without a Face.
41. Klebnikov, Godfather of the Kremlin.
42. Henry, “Curious World.”
43. Jürgen Roth, “Über die symbiotische Beziehung von Politik, Wladimir Putin und die Sankt Petersburger Mafia,” Jürgen Roth / Blog, May 1, 2014, http://www.juergen-roth.com/blog/uber-das-symbiotische-beziehung-von-politik-wladimir-putin-und-die-sankt-petersburger-mafia/.
44. Sobchenko, “Russia: Putin’s Past.”
45. Author’s interview with American businessman.
46. Dawisha, Putin’s Kleptocracy.
47. Catherine A. Fitzpatrick, “Spanish Judge Issues Warrants for Russian Mafia Close to Putin; Was Judo Instructor Involved?” Interpreter, May 3, 2016, http://www.interpretermag.com/russia-update-may-3-2016/.
48. Zabrisky, “Wrestling and Mafia States.”
49. David Taylor, “Putin’s Associates Stole My Oil Company, Says Business Exile,” Times (London), July 20, 2015, https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/putins-associates-stole-my-oil-company-says-business-exile-kjq9fc2ktsm.
50. Catherine Belton, “New Book Links Putin to Underworld,” Moscow Times, October 2, 2003, http://old.themoscowtimes.com/sitemap/free/2003/10/article/new-book-links-putin-to-underworld/235513.html.
51. Dawisha, Putin’s Kleptocracy.
52. Tony Gentile, “‘Putin Involved in Drug Smuggling Ring,’ Says Ex-KGB Officer,” Newsweek, March 13, 2015. http://www.newsweek.com/putin-involved-drug-smuggling-ring-says-ex-kgb-officer-313657.
53. Mark Hosenball, “A Stain on Mr. Clean,” Newsweek, September 9, 2001. http://www.newsweek.com/stain-mr-clean-152259.
54. Alessandra Stanley, “Russian Banking Scandal Poses Threat to Future of Privatization,” New York Times, January 28, 1996, https://www.nytimes.com/1996/01/28/world/russian-banking-scandal-poses-threat-to-future-of-privatization.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm.
55. Ibid.
56. Marshall I. Goldman, “Putin and the Oligarchs,” New York Times, November 23, 2004, http://courses.wcupa.edu/rbove/eco343/040compecon/Soviet/Russia/041123olig.txt.
57. Henry, “Curious World.”
58. Paul Klebnikov, “Revenge of the Oligarchs,” Forbes, February 23, 1998. https://www.forbes.com/forbes/1998/0223/6104089a.html#310de932d951.
59. Dawisha, Putin’s Kleptocracy.
60. “Gennady Timchenko, Real-Time Net Worth as of 4/25/18,” Forbes, April 25, 2018, https://www.forbes.com/profile/gennady-timchenko/.
61. Newsmaker, “Andrei Turchak: Eight Years at the Head of the Depressed Region,” Russia
News Today, December 10, 2017, https://chelorg.com/2017/10/12/andrei-turchak-eight-years-at-the-head-of-the-depressed-region/.
62. Vladimir Pribylovsky, “Close to Putin,” Scilla.ru, 2016, http://scilla.ru/works/knigi/CloseToPutin.pdf.
63. Dawisha, Putin’s Kleptocracy.
64. Pribylovsky, “Close to Putin.”
65. Dawisha, Putin’s Kleptocracy.
66. Ibid.
67. Alex Goldfarb with Marina Litvinenko, Death of a Dissident: The Poisoning of Alexander Litvinenko and the Return of the KGB (New York: Free Press, 2007).
68. Ibid.
69. “Witness Statement of Alexander Goldfarb,” Litvinenko Inquiry, May 20, 2013, http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20160613090957/https://www.litvinenkoinquiry.org/files/2015/03/INQ017567.pdf.
70. Daniel Treisman, The Return: Russia’s Journey from Gorbachev to Medvedev (New York: Free Press, 2011).
71. Dawisha, Putin’s Kleptocracy.
72. Who Is Mr. Putin?, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m7p4UWjVZa8.
CHAPTER EIGHT: MOGILEVICH’S BIG MOVE
1. Roman Anin, Olesya Shmagun, and Jelena Vasic, “Ex-Spy Turned Humanitarian Helps Himself,” Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project, November 4, 2015, https://www.occrp.org/en/investigations/4565-ex-spy-turned-humanitarian-helps-himself.
2. Litvinenko Inquiry, http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20160613090305/https://www.litvinenkoinquiry.org/report.
3. Lyndsey Telford, Edward Malnick, and Claire Newell, “Is this Alexander Litvinenko’s Beyond the Grave Attack on Putin?,” Telegraph, January 23, 2015, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/law-and-order/11364724/Is-this-Alexander-Litvinenkos-beyond-the-grave-attack-on-Putin.html.
4. Timothy Bancroft-Hinchey, “Notorious Russian Mob to Leave US Jail,” Pravda, July 13, 2004, http://www.pravdareport.com/hotspots/crimes/13-07-2004/6157-yaponchik-0/.
5. Ibid.
6. Selwyn Raab, “Mob-Linked Businessman Killed in Brooklyn,” New York Times, May 3, 1989, http://www.nytimes.com/1989/05/03/nyregion/mob-linked-businessman-killed-in-brooklyn.html.
7. Author’s interview with source.
8. Friedman, Red Mafiya.
9. Ibid.
10. Stefan Lemieszewski, “Boris Berezovsky and Badri Patarkatsishvili,” Narkive, 2005, http://soc.culture.russian.narkive.com/fE6hW8hK/boris-berezovsky-and-badri-patarkatsishvili.
11. Intelligence Section, Organizational Intelligence Unit, “Semion Mogilevich Organization Eurasian Organized Crime,” Federal Bureau of Investigation, August 1996.
12. Affidavit for Vyacheslav Ivankov wiretapping.
13. Friedman, Red Mafiya.
14. Ibid.
15. Ibid.
16. Ibid.
17. Affidavit for Vyacheslav Ivankov wiretapping; Friedman, Red Mafiya.
18. Intelligence Section, Organizational Intelligence Unit, “Semion Mogilevich Organization Eurasian Organized Crime,” Federal Bureau of Investigation, August 1998.
19. Friedman, Red Mafiya.
20. Ibid.
21. Ibid.
22. Megosztasz, “Premier Orbán and Interior Minister Pintér accused of taking mob payouts in the 1990s,” Atlatszo, August 3, 2017. https://english.atlatszo.hu/2017/03/08/premier-orban-and-interior-minister-pinter-accused-of-taking-mob-payouts-in-the-1990s/.
23. Staff, “Letter probes Interior Minister Sándor Pintér about alleged underworld connections,” Budapest Beacon, February 14, 2017.
24. Anastasia Kirilenko, “Does Putin Have Something On Orbán? Suspicion Lingers,” Hungarian Spectrum, February 5, 2017.
25. Anastasia Kirilenko, “A suitcase full of cash from the Solntsevo Mafia: does Putin have a video kompromat on the Hungarian leader?” The Insider, July 4, 2018.
26. Jürgen Roth, “Does (Government?) Fiction Portend Trouble For Pintér?” The Insider, March 20, 2017.
27. Morgenthow and Latham et al. v. the Bank of New York Company et al., index no. 604598/00, Supreme Court of the State of New York, https://web.archive.org/web/20070701095350/http://russianlaw.org/Morgent1.htm.
28. Paul Lashmar and Andrew Mullins, “How Wall St Was Fleeced by the Most Evil Gangster in the World,” Independent, August 20, 1999, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/how-wall-st-was-fleeced-by-the-most-evil-gangster-in-the-world-1113929.html.
29. Morgenthow v. Bank of New York.
30. Ibid.
31. Paul Farrelly, “Elite’s Underworld Links Exposed,” Guardian, September 4, 1999, https://www.theguardian.com/world/1999/sep/05/paulfarrelly.theobserver.
32. “Solntsevskaya OPG.”
33. Ibid.
34. BBC, Transcript—Panorama.
35. Ibid.
36. Intelligence Section, Organizational Intelligence Unit, “Semion Mogilevich Organization Eurasian Organized Crime,” Federal Bureau of Investigation, August 1996.
37. BBC, Transcript—Panorama.
38. Friedman, Red Mafiya.
39. 1996 FBI File on Semion Mogilevich.
40. Paul Klebnikov, “The Rise of an Oligarch,” Forbes, September 4, 2000, https://www.forbes.com/forbes/2000/0904/6606089a.html#5a6425203dfd.
41. Henry, “Curious World.”
42. Douglas Frantz and Raymond Bonner, “A Cosmetics Heir’s Joint Venture Is Tainted by Ukrainian’s Past,” New York Times, April 5, 1997.
43. Raymond Bonner, “The Russians Are Coming!,” New York Review of Books, November 16, 2000, http://www.nybooks.com/articles/2000/11/16/the-russians-are-coming/.
44. Intelligence Section, Organizational Intelligence Unit, “Semion Mogilevich Organization Eurasian Organized Crime,” Federal Bureau of Investigation, August 1996.
CHAPTER NINE: TURN OF THE SCREW
1. Staff, “The Time Donald Trump Almost Lost Trump Castle,” Press of Atlantic City, August 3, 2016, http://www.pressofatlanticcity.com/trump/the-time-donald-trump-almost-lost-trump-castle/article_3f5da17a-5983-11e6-8f48-f7350ec7ab17.html.
2. Russ Buettner and Charles V. Bagli, “How Donald Trump Bankrupted His Atlantic City Casinos, but Still Earned Millions,” New York Times, June 11, 2016, https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/12/nyregion/donald-trump-atlantic-city.html.
3. Ibid.
4. Douglas Feiden, “Trump Co. Buying Castle the Donald Gets $130M in Stock, 885G in Cash,” Daily News (New York), October 1, 1996, http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/money/trump-buying-castle-donald-130m-stock-885g-cash-article-1.737340.
5. Mark Bowden, “The Art of the Donald,” Playboy, May 1997.
6. Roffman v. Trump, 754 F. Supp. 411 (E.D. Pa. 1990), https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/FSupp/754/411/2353559/.
7. Bowden, “The Art of the Donald.”
8. Ibid.
9. Eric R. Quinones, “Trump’s Empire, Act II: Stay Cocky, but Learn from Mistakes,” New Yorker, November 5, 1996.
10. Jeffrey Toobin, “The Miss Universe Connection,” New Yorker, February 26, 2018, https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/02/26/trumps-miss-universe-gambit.
11. Ibid.
12. Monte Reel and John McCormick, “Behind Manafort’s Loans, a Chopper Pilot Who Flew into Trump’s Orbit,” Bloomberg Politics, July 25, 2017, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-07-25/behind-manafort-s-loans-chopper-pilot-who-flew-into-trump-orbit.
13. Cnaan Liphshiz, “Brash Ukraine Oligarch Vadim Rabinovich Challenges Europe’s Jewish Leaders,” Forward, October 30, 2013, https://forward.com/news/breaking-news/186487/brash-ukraine-oligarch-vadim-rabinovich-challenges/.
14. Intelligence Section, “Semion Mogilevich Organization.”
15. 2012-02.12. U.S. Cable, Moscow Embassy, “The Luzhkov Dilemma,” WikiLeaks.
16. David Ignatius, “A History of Donald Trump’s Business Dealings in Russia,” Washington Post, November 2, 2017.
17. Mark Galeotti, “Wikileaks (3): Moscow—Luzhkov and the ‘other,’” In Moscow’s Shadows (blog), December 3, 2010, https://inmoscowsshadows.wordpress.com/2010/12/03/wikileaks-3-moscow-luzhkov-and-the-other-mafia/
.
18. Ibid.
19. Luke Harding, “WikiLeaks Cables: Moscow Mayor Presided Over ‘Pyramid of Corruption,” Guardian, December 1, 2010.
20. TASS, “Vizity Donal’da Trampa v Rossiyu. Dos’ye” (Donald Trump’s Visits to Russia: Dossier), November 9, 2016, http://tass.ru/info/3770283.
21. Jeff Grocott, “Trump Lays Bet on New Moscow Skyline,” Moscow Times, November 12, 1996, http://old.themoscowtimes.com/news/article/tmt/316249.html.
22. Jeff Grocott, “Trump Tours Sites for Luxury Towers,” Moscow Times, November 6, 1996, http://old.themoscowtimes.com/sitemap/free/1996/11/article/trump-tours-sites-for-luxury-towers/316474.html.
23. Steven Lee Myers, The New Tsar: The Rise and Reign of Vladimir Putin (New York: Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, 2014).
24. Ibid.
25. Ibid.
26. Ibid.
27. Ibid.
28. Ibid.
29. Ibid.
30. Ibid.
31. Ann Imse, “Past Echoes in Ex-Soviet Prison: Lubyanka: Old KGB Cellblock Recalls Interrogation and Torture of Dissidents,” Los Angeles Times, September 7, 1991, http://articles.latimes.com/1991-09-07/news/mn-1571_1_lubyanka-prison.
32. “Stalin’s Depraved Executioner Still Has Grip on Moscow,” Telegraph, December 23, 2003, https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/russia/1450145/Stalins-depraved-executioner-still-has-grip-on-Moscow.html.
33. Myers, New Tsar.
34. Karen Dawisha, Putin’s Kleptocracy.
35. Myers, New Tsar.
36. Ibid.
37. Ibid.
38. Ibid.
39. Ibid.
40. Cass Jones, “Boris Berezovsky: Timeline,” Guardian, March 23, 2013, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/mar/23/boris-berezovsky-timeline-found-dead.
41. Goldfarb and Litvinenko, Death of a Dissident.
42. Ibid.
43. Myers, New Tsar.
44. Ibid.
45. Ibid.
46. Yuri Felshtinsky and Vladimir Pribylovsky, “Putin v Moskve,” Kasparov.ru, January 21, 2010, http://www.kasparov.ru/material.php?id=4B5811FDB4E78.
47. Myers, New Tsar.
48. Ibid.
49. Julia Ioffe, “How State-Sponsored Blackmail Works in Russia,” Atlantic, January 11, 2017, https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/01/kompromat-trump-dossier/512891/.
50. Myers, New Tsar.
